JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

ACADEMIC SESSION : SESI 1:2022/2023

COURSE CODE / COURSE NAME : DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

ASSESSMENT METHOD :
PRACTICAL WORK (1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6)

COURSEWORK TITLE : SPEED / VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTIC

PROGRAMME / SECTION :

LECTURER’S NAME :

STUDENT’S NAME :

REGISTRATION NO. :

DATE OF SUBMISSION :

RETURN DATE :

PRACTICAL WORK ( 1 /2 /3 /4 /5 /6 )

CLO 2

TOTAL
MARKS

IS ALL MY OWN WORK.

UNDERSTAND & AGREE THAT ANY
PLAGIARISED WORK AND LATE
SUBMISSION WILL BE PENALISED.
DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

PRACTICAL WORK 2: SPEED / VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTIC

(PLO 5; CLO2)

1.0 AIM

1. To determine the relationship between speed and voltage characteristic.

2.0 OBJECTIVES

At the end of the session the students will be able to;

1. Determine the effect of speed on the output voltage
2. Interpret the speed/voltage characteristic curve

3.0 EQUIPMENT

1. 100 – HE Basic set

2. 73309K Alternator
3. 72547K Circuit breaker
4. 72593K Voltmeter & Ammeter

4.0 THEORY

A hydraulic turbine is a rotating machine consisting of a paddle-wheel, to capture the kinetic

and pressure energy of a fluid and transform it into the mechanical energy of rotating shaft. Three
type of turbine are in general use are the impulse (Pelton), the reaction (Francis) and the propeller
(Kaplan) type, the choice depends on the velocity, V of the water at the foot of the pressure pipe.
All type of centrifugal pump depends on centrifugal force for their operation. Centrifugal
force acts on a body moving in circular path tends to force it away from the axis centre point. Refer
Figure 4.1 for more understanding.

Figure 4.1

Figure 4.1: Basic parts of centrifugal pump showing cover (left) and section of a centrifugal
pump, commonly termed a “volute” pump because of the shape of its housing.
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating
magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature
with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an
alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other
internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is
called a magneto.

POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

1. Load Panels 16. Frame/Module Rack

2. Tachometer 17. Turbine Jet Head

18. Alternator Protective
3. Alternator
Housing
4. Pelton Turbine 19. Batteries

5. Tacho Generator 20. Storage Compartment

6. Pressure Relief Valve 21. Flow meter

7. Water Tank/Resevoir 22. By-pass Valve

8. Caster Wheel 23. Piping 1” Diameter

9. Non-Return Valve 24. Outlet-Water

10. Centrifungal Pump 25. Water Level Indicator

11. Base Frame 26. Inlet-Water

12. Starter Console 27. Piping 2” Diameter

13. Wood Bench Top 28. Pressure Gauge

14. Bench Top Control
29. Master Control Valve
Console

15. Plug-In Unit

Figure 4.2

POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

Figure 4.3

POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

5.0 PROCEDURES

1. For better understanding on component designation, please refer Figure 4.2 and 4.3;
2. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 5.1 & 5.2;

Figure 5.1

Figure 5.2

3. Ensure that master control valve (29), by – pass valve (22) and turbine jet – head (17) are in
closed condition;
4. Plug one end of the input cable to the input socket of the unit. This socket is located at the
inner side of the Starter Console (12);
5. Locate a convenient standard 16A, 5 pin CEE socket outlet with a supply source of
240/415VAC, 16/20A, 3 phase 50Hz. Ensure that the controlling switch is in the “OFF”
position;
6. Plug the other end of the input cable to the socket outlet. Switch “ON” the power supply to
the socket outlet and followed by switch “ON” the isolating switch at the Starter Console;
7. Adjust the master control valve (29) until pressure gauge (28) reads approximately 3 bar;
8. Adjust turbine jet – head (17) and the same time observe the tachometer (2) until
tachometer indicates 800 rpm and take voltmeter readings;
9. For fine control, adjust by – pass valve (22) if necessary;
10. Read and record using Table 6.1 for the reading on voltmeter;
11. Increase the speed of alternator based on Table 6.1 until the speed reached 1500rpm and
record the reading to respective table;
12. Shut down the hydroelectric power station by pressing the stop button (red), the switch
“OFF” the isolating switch;
13. Flush the excessive water from the hydroelectric power station to the water tank by
adjusting the by – pass valve (22).

POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

6.0 RESULTS

1. Record your readings of experiment into the respective table. (5 Marks)

No Alternator Speed (rpm) Alternator Output Voltage (V)

1 900

2 1000

3 1200

4 1400

5 1500

Table 6.1

7.0 DISCUSSION

a) Plot a graph of tahcometer reading in RPM versus alternator output voltage (V) based on
Table 6.1
(8 Marks)

POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

b) From the graph, deduce the relationship between speed and output voltage. (2 Marks)

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8.0 CONCLUSION

Write your conclusion with the inclusion of the practical work 2 objectives. (5 Marks)

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POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

DET30053 POWER SYSTEM

1. Practical Work Task

i. Technical skill / psychomotor (20 marks)
NEED IMPROVEMENT SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENCE
CRITERIA SCORE
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Lab is generally carried out with attention Lab is carried out with fully attention to
Lab is carried out with some attention to
SAFETY Safety procedures were ignored to relevant safety relevant safety X 2.5 =
relevant safety procedure.
procedures. procedure.
EXPERIMENT SETUP AND Experiment needs for major adjustment Experiment needs for minor adjustment to
Experiment is not working. Experiment work properly. X 2.5 =
COMPLETENESS to work. work.

SCORE:

ii. Leadership and teamwork skill (60 marks)

NEED IMPROVEMENT SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENCE
CRITERIA SCORE
(1) (2) (3) (4)
All members take an active role. Task are
Inactive participation. Task assigned Few members participate actively. Task Most members contribute. Task are
TEAMWORK SKILLS defined by the group and assigned to all X5=
individually. are assigned to few members. assigned to some members.
members.

Often willing to participate occasionally

Never willing to participate or volunteer
Never willing to participate or volunteer
information or opinion. Rarely respond to
information or opinion. Never able to
questions or issues raised but often create
PARTICIPATION & respond to questions or issues raised and
issues and sometime provides
CONTRIBUTIONS Rarely provides useful ideas when
participating in the group and in classroom
participating in the group and in classroom
discussion. A satisfactory group member
discussion. May refuse to participate.
who does what is required.
Always willing to participate and
volunteer information or opinion.
consistently volunteer information or
Occasionally respond to questions and
opinion. Frequently give quick responds to
contribute opinion to issues raised and
questions or issues raised and routinely X5=
usually provides useful ideas when
provides useful ideas when participating
participating in the group and in
in the group and in classroom discussion. A
classroom discussion. A strong group
leader who contributes a lot of effort.
member who tries hard.

DEMONSTRATE GOOD
Often arrive late and rarely prepared. Occasionally arrive late or unprepared. Rarely arrive late or unprepared. Always arrive on time and prepared. X5=
MANNERS

SCORE:

2. Report Writing
i. Technical report (20 marks)
RESULT DISCUSSION - a DISCUSSION - b CONCLUSION
CRITERIA SCORE
(5) (8) (2) (5)
MARKS

SCORE:

TOTAL SCORE:

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POLITEKNIK KUCHING SARAWAK JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK