1. A square is inscribed in a circle with area 64π cm2. What is the area of the square?

Area of Circle = π r2 = 64 π cm2

r2 = 64 cm2; r = 8 cm illustrate the problem:

Take note that when a square is inscribed inside a circle, the diameter of the circle is congruent to the
diagonal of the square.
r = 8 cm; .: d = 16 cm
d2
Area of Square = = 128 cm2
2

2. An equilateral triangle has a side of measure 5 cm. Find its area.

Area of Equilateral Triangle =

s
2
√ 3 = 25 √3
4 4

3. In a right triangle, the side opposite to the 30o angle measures 7 cm. How long is the hypotenuse?
Take note that the shortest side of a 30-60-90 triangle is the side opposite the 30 o angle.
The hypotenuse is twice as long as the shortest side.
Hyp = 2 (7cm) = 14 cm

Alternative solution using trigonometry:

opp 7
sin 30o = = =0.5
hyp h
7 = 0.5 h
14 = h

4. The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is 10 cm long. How long is a leg?

Hyp = Leg x √ 2

10 = Leg x √ 2

5 √ 2 = Leg

5. The shortest side of a 30-60-90 triangle is 6√ 3 cm long. Find its perimeter.

Short Leg = 6√ 3

Long Leg = 6√ 3 x √ 3 = 18 Perimeter = 6√ 3 + 12 √ 3 + 18 = 18√ 3 + 18

Hyp = 6√ 3 x 2 = 12 √ 3

6√ 3
6. A square is inscribed in a circle with area 36π cm2. What is the perimeter of the square?
Area of Circle = π r2 = 36 π cm2
r2 = 36 cm2; r = 6 cm, d= 12 cm

Recall that the diagonal of a square is √ 2 times side.

d = 12 cm = s√ 2
6√ 2 = s .: Perimeter = 4(6√ 2) = 24√ 2 cm

7. The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is 8 cm long. What is its area?

Hyp = Leg x √ 2
8 = Leg x √ 2 Area = ½ (Leg1 x Leg2) = ½ (32) = 16
 4 √ 2 = Leg

Shortcut for area of an isosceles triangle given the hypotenuse: A = ¼ h2

8. The shortest side of a 30-60-90 triangle is 2 √ 5 cm long. Find its area.

Short Leg = 2 √ 5
Long Leg = 2 √ 5 x √ 3=2 √ 15
Area = ½ (Leg1 x Leg2) = ½ (2 √ 5 x 2 √15 ) = ½ (4√ 75) = ½ (20 √ 3) = 10√ 3

( SL) √ 3
2
Shortcut for area of equilateral triangle given the short leg: A=
2

9. A square is inscribed in a circle with circumference 6π cm. What is the area of the square?
Circum = d π = 6 π cm .: d = 6 cm
D = s √2
6 = s √ 2; .: s = 3√ 2
Area of square = (3√ 2)2 = 18 cm2

10. An equilateral triangle has a side of measure 4 cm. Find its area.
s
2
√ 3 = 16 √3 =4 3 cm2
Area of Equilateral Triangle = √
4 4
11. Find the product of the roots of 2x2 + x – 8.
A = 2, B = 1, C = -8
Product of the roots: C/A = -8/2 = -4

12. What is the remainder when 3x6+ 4x5 – 5x4 + 6x3 + 7x2 – 8x + 3 is divided by (x – 1)?
You may use either the Synthetic Division of the Remainder Theorem on this kind of questions.

Synthetic Division:
1 3 4 -5 6 7 -8 3
+ 3 7 2 8 15 7
3 7 2 8 15 7 10
Remainder: 10

Remainder Theorem:
3(1)6+ 4(1)5 – 5(1)4 + 6(1)3 + 7(1)2 – 8(1) + 3 = 3 + 4 – 5 + 6 + 7 – 8 + 3 = 10
Remainder: 10

13. Find the sum of the roots of 2x2 + 3x – 4.

A = 2, B = 3, C = -4
Sum of the roots: -B/A = -3/2

14. What are the roots of 6x2 + x – 1?

You may factorize the given, use the quadratic formula, or use the AC method.

Factorization: (3x – 1) (2x + 1)

Roots: 3x – 1 = 0, x = 1/3
2x + 1 = 0, x = -1/2

15. What is the minimum value of x2 – 6x – 16?

Recall that the graph of a quadratic equation (the parabola) opens upward when A is positive, and
downward when A is negative.
The minimum value of a parabola opening upward and the maximum value of a parabola opening
downward is given by k (from the vertex (h,k)).
2
b 36
k=c- = -16 - = -16 – 9 = -25
4a 4
16. Find the product of the roots of 3x2 - 5x + 6.
A = 3, B = -5, C = 6
Product of the roots: C/A = 6/3 = 2

17. What is the remainder when x7 – 2x6+ 5x5 – 10x4 - 3x3 + 6x2 – x + 3 is divided by (x – 2)?
Synthetic Division:
2 1 -2 5 -10 -3 6 -1 3
+ 2 0 10 0 -6 0 -2
1 0 5 0 -3 0 -1 1
Remainder: 1

Remainder Theorem:
(2)7 – 2(2)6+ 5(2)5 – 10(2)4 - 3(2)3 + 6(2)2 – (2) + 3 = 128 – 128 + 160 – 160 – 24 + 24 – 2 + 3 = 1
Remainder: 1

18. What are the roots of 2x2 - 7x + 4?

Perhaps you’ve been trying to factor the given and you can’t come up with an answer. That would mean
that the roots are irrational. Use the quadratic formula this time.
2x2 - 7x + 4  A = 2, B = -7, C = 4
−b ± √ b2−4 ac 7 ± √ 49−4 (2)(4) 7 ± √ 49−32 7 ± √17
x= = = =
2a 4 4 4

7+ √ 17 7− √ 17
So the roots are x = and
4 4

19. What is the remainder when x5 - 2x3 + 3x2 – 3x – 6 is divided by (x + 2)?

Synthetic Division: (Remember to use 0 when a term is skipped, like in this problem, 0x 4)
-2 1 0 -2 3 -3 -6
+ -2 4 -4 2 2
1 -2 2 -1 -1 -4
Remainder: 4

Remainder Theorem:
(-2)5 - 2(-2)3 + 3(-2)2 – 3(-2) – 6 = -32 – (-16) + 12 + 6 – 6 = -4
Remainder: -4
20. What is the maximum value of -2x2 + 4x – 5?
2
b 16
k=c- = -5 - = -5 – (-2) = -3
4a −8

21. Insert 2 arithmetic terms between 16 and 25.

To insert 2 arithmetic terms between 16 and 25, we need to find the common difference first.

16 __ __ 25  16 + 3d = 25
16 16+d 16+2d 16+3d 3d = 25 – 16, .: d = 3
16 19 22 25

22. Insert 1 geometric term between 9 and 25.

To insert one geometric term between two numbers, simply extract the square root of their product.
9 n 25 n = √ 9(25) = 15

23. Find the common difference of an arithmetic progression whose 4 th term is 47 and the 9th term is 92.
A m− A n 92−47 45
d= = = =9
m−n 9−4 5

24. What is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + … + 99?

A1 = 1 An = 99 d=2

n = (An – A1)/2 + 1
n = (99-1)/2 + 1 = 49+1 = 50

Sn = n (A1 + An)/2
S50 = 50 (1 + 99)/2 = 50 (50) = 2500

Alternative solution: Since the problem asks for the sum of the odd numbers from 1 to 99, just get the
square of (99+1)/2, and that’s 502 or 2500. The sum of the first n odd numbers (starting from 1) is n2.

25. The 2nd term of an arithmetic sequence is 3 and the 7th term is 33. What is the first term?
A2 = 3 A7 = 33
A m− A n 33−3 30
d= = = =6
m−n 7−2 5
A1 = A2 – d = 3 – 6 = -3
26. The 3rd term of a geometric sequence is 3 and the 7th term is 48. What is the 10th term?
G3 = 3 G7 = 48
G4 = 3r G5 = 3r2 G6 = 3r3 G7 = 3r4 Basically, Gn = Gm rn-m
48 = 3r4
16 = r4, r=±2
G10 = G7 (23) or G10 = G7 [(-2)3]
G10 = 48 (8) = 384 or G10 = 48 (-8) = -384

27. Insert 1 arithmetic term between 7 and 49.

7 __ 49
49 = 7 + 2d
42 = 2d, .: d = 21

7 28 49

28. Insert 1 geometric term between 5 and 125.

5 _n_ 125 n = √ 5(125) = 25

29. What is 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + … + 100?

A1 = 2 An = 100 d=2
n = (100 – 2)/2 + 1 = 49 + 1 = 50
Sn = 50 (100+2)/2 = 50 (51) = 2550

Alternative solution: The sum of all even numbers from 2 to 2n is given as n 2 + n. Since 100 = 2n, then n
= 50.
502 + 50 = 2500 + 50 = 2550

30. Find the 8th term of an arithmetic sequence given that the first term is 5 and the 15 th term is 47.
47−5 42
d= = =3 A8 = A1 + 7d = 5 + 7(3) = 26
15−1 14

Alternative solution: since A8 is the exact middle of A1 and A15, then A8 = (A1 + A15)/2 = (5 + 47)/2 = 26

31. What is the sum of the interior angles of a convex heptagon?

Sum of interior angles = 180(n-2) or 180n – 360
180(7-2) = 180(5) = 900
32. What is the sum of the exterior angles of a regular decagon?
The sum of the exterior angles of any regular polygon is 360.

33. How many diagonals does a convex octagon have?

Number of diagonals = n(n-3)/2
8(5)/2 = 20 .: 20 diagonals
34. What is the measure of each interior angle of a regular octagon?
Measure of each interior angle = 180 – (360/n)
180 – (360/8) = 180 – 45 = 135

35. What is the measure of each exterior angle of a regular hexagon?

Measure of each exterior angle = 360/n
360/6 = 60

36. What is the sum of the interior angles of a concave octagon?

180(8-2) = 180(6) = 1080

37. What is the sum of the exterior angles of a regular nonagon?

360

38. How many diagonals does a heptagon have?

7(7-3)/2 = 28/2 = 14

39. What is the measure of each interior angle of a pentagon?

180 – (360/5) = 180 – 72 = 108o

40. What is the measure of each exterior angle of a dodecagon?

360/12 = 30

41. What is the average of 73, 87, 79, 91, and 85?
Average = sum divided by n
73+87+79+ 91+ 85
Average = =83
5
42. Four numbers have an average of 73. A fifth number is added and the new average is 74. What is the
fifth number?
New Score = (New Average)(New N) – (Old Average)(Old N)
New Score = 5(74) – 4(73) = 370 – 292 = 78

43. Six numbers have an average of 71. If 85 is added to the group, what is the new average?
Sum of the first six numbers: 6(71) = 426
426+ 85 511
New average = = =73
7 7

44. Mila’s average in her five quizzes is 85. If she wants to raise her average to 86, what grade should she
get in her 6th quiz?
6(86) – 5(85) = 516 – 425 = 91

45. Seven people have an average weight of 49 kg. A child was added to the group and the average
became 45 kg. How heavy is the child?
Let N = child’s weight
7 ( 49 ) + N
45 =
8
343+ N
45=
8
360 = 343 + N
17 = N .: 17 kg