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DPWH Highway Safety and Design Standards - Part II - JGB
DPWH Highway Safety and Design Standards - Part II - JGB
Wheel Chair Crossing Bike Lane Ahead Slow Down Merging Traffic Ahead (W9-3)
Lane Ends – Merge Left (W9-4) Finger Board and Direction Signs for Less
Railway Level Crossing (W7) Important Roads (G4)
Railroad Crossing Position
5. The equilateral triangle with one point Series F is not often used on large signs
vertically upward is used for warning signs; due to the wide space required.
1. Red is used as a background for STOP signs, GUIDE POSTS AND DELINEATORS
as border color on GIVE WAY signs, warning
signs and prohibitive signs in the regulatory Guide posts are used to mark the edge of the road
type. formation. They assist the road users by indicating
the alignment of the road ahead, especially at
One-Way Hazard Markers (HM1) horizontal and vertical curves.
One-Way hazard markers indicate to the 2. Black is used as legend color for signs having
approaching driver the direction to be followed if the white, yellow, orange, fluorescent orange, Delineators are small reflective panels or buttons
marker appears in the driving path. fluorescent yellow green background and as mounted on guideposts or guard fence as an
chevron for hazard markers. effective aid to delineate the roadway for driving at
night.
3. Yellow is used as background color for
roadwork signs.
Longitudinal lines which are those laid in the Raised pavement markers
direction of travel. These are studs of plastic, ceramic, aluminum, or
These include: cast iron, which are set into the carriageway or
Center Line; Lane Line; Double Yellow Line; ‘No- attached to the road surface with adhesive. They
Delineators are made of reflective materials capable Passing’ Zone Markings; Pavement Edge Line; must be reflective. It can also be hot-applied
of reflecting light clearly visible under normal Continuity Lines; and, Transition Line; reflective profiled thermoplastic road marking
atmospheric conditions from a distance of 300- Transverse Lines which are laid across the materials.
500m when illuminated by the upper beam of a direction of travel.
standard automobile head lamp. Color of Pavement Markings
These include:
Stop Line; Give Way Lines; Pedestrian Crossing The color of pavement markings shall be white
The cat's eye (reflective road stud) is a Markings; and, Roundabout Holding Lines; EXCEPT for the alternative uses of yellow as
retroreflective safety device used Other lines, specified below:
in road marking and was the first of a range 1. Double yellow no-passing lines;
which include:
of raised pavement markers. Turn Lines; Parking Bays; Painted Median Islands; 2. Unbroken portion of no-passing lines;
and, Bus & PUJ Lane Lines; and, 3. Curb markings for prohibition of parking;
Linear Delineation System (LDS) is intended for Other markings 4. On islands in line of traffic;
the linear reflectorization of concrete barriers and/or which include: approach markings to islands and 5. Bus and PUJ lanes; and,
metal guardrails. The panels shall be available in obstructions; Chevron marking; diagonal markings; 6. Keep Intersection Open markings.
white, red, fluorescent yellow and fluorescent Markings on Exit and Entrance Ramps; Curb markings
orange colors. The panels are fabricated from Type for Parking restrictions; Approach to Railroad crossing;
Messages and Symbols; and, Pavement Arrows.
Red shall be used in:
II materials and are laminated onto a thin gauge of 1. No Loading/Unloading Zone; and,
galvanized iron or aluminum and formed to a unique --- CE BOARD NOV 2016 2. Fire lane zone.
shape designed to provide highly effective, long–life Rumble Strip Is a type of thermoplastic lane
daytime and nighttime visibility in typical roadway marking designed to aid and provide motorist with
barrier configurations. Black may be used in hazard markers to warn road
visual audio and motion warnings on the road. users at locations where the protruding objects such
as bridge piers traffic islands and other permanent
TYPES OF Object Markings objects on or near the roadway. However, the use of
Object within the roadway; and, black does not establish it as standard color for
Object adjacent to the roadway. pavement marking.
Types of Reflectorized Markings Types of Lines
Retro-Reflector Raised Pavement Markers;
Depending on the direction that lines are marked on
Hazard markers; and,
the pavement lines may be longitudinal transverse
Delineators
or oblique.
Materials
Road pavement markings should be of non-skid Depending on the use and meaning of such lines,
materials and should not protrude more than 6mm they are either broken lines or solid lines.
above the level of the carriageway.
A broken line shall consist of line segments with
Raised pavement markers on concrete roads should equal lengths separated by uniform gaps. The speed
not protrude more than 25mm above the level of the of vehicles on the section of road or in the area in question
carriageway. should be taken into account in determining the lengths of
the line strokes and of gaps between them.
The following subsections describe the commonly
used materials for road markings. A solid unbroken line is used where crossing of
the line is either discouraged or prohibited. It is
Reflectorized Paint
generally used to replace or supplement a broken line
Paint with glass beads, embedded or premixed can where required e.g., barrier lines, and center lines.
be applied either by hand or with line marking Solid lines may be either yellow or white
machines. For proper reflectorization at night, the depending whether or not crossing the line is legally
amount of glass beads used should be no less than prohibited.
0.45 kg and no more than 0.50kg per liter for drop-
on and at least 30% for pre-mixed paints. Glass
beads also improve skid resistance. Application of
glass beads may either be:
Drop-On
As the name implies, glass beads are ‘dropped’
onto pavement marking materials as they are being
applied. The thickness of the wet paint film should
be at least 60% of the nominal diameter of the drop-
on glass beads, which, varies from 0.40mm to
1.0mm.
Road Users – shall mean any persons using the 6. Railroads and draw-bridge gate;
Placement of markers
road including drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, and 7. Posts of narrow bridges;
Markers supplementing center or lane lines may be
commuters. 8. Underpass piers and abutments; placed in the gaps midway between the line
Urban Roads – roads where speed limit is 60 kph 9. Culvert headwalls; and, segments at a spacing of 9m where fog or heavy
or less. 10. Poles, trees, rocks, and structures giving rain occurs in the built-up areas.
restrictions to overhead clearance.
Rural Roads - roads where speed limit is over 60 A spacing of 12m shall be used where there is less
kph. Although there are high-speed roads in the likelihood of fog and where there is no street lighting
urban area, for the purpose of line marking, they are In addition to markings, a guardrail should be placed
in advance of solid obstructions to deflect runaway in the rural environment.
defined as rural roads.
vehicles and reduce the severity of impact.
Guardrails should be painted reflectorized white. Double faced raised pavement markers are
MESSAGES AND SYMBOLS placed on undivided roadway while single faced
--- CE BOARD MAY 2016 Objects within the roadway raised pavement markers are placed on divided
Messages when painted on pavement should be Obstructions in the roadway, if not illuminated shall roadways.
limited to three words or less. They shall only be be marked with reflectorized hazard markers.
used to supplement other traffic control devices. Yellow raised pavement markers are used for
Marking on Curbs yellow pavement markings and
The distance between words is variable depending
Reflectorized yellow shall be used on curbs of all
on the message and location at which it is based white markers for white pavement markings
islands located in the line of traffic flows especially
(usually twice the length of the word if achievable).
on curbs directly ahead of traffic at “T” and offset
The first word of the message is to be nearest the intersections.
motorist on rural roads. In urban low speed areas,
the order is optional. Objects Adjacent to the Roadway
Hazard markers either as signs or painted markings
Messages are white in color. Letters or numerals are to be used on objects so close to the edge of
used on roads in urban areas shall be at least the roadway as to constitute definite hazard. These
2.5m. On high speed highways, they must be at include such encroachments as underpass piers,
least 5m . abutments, culverts headwalls, utility poles and