PALABASAN, JOSEPH LOUISE S.

BSCRIM4

M1 Assessment of Learning

1. How is the correction described in the module? Discuss its role as a component of the
criminal justice system.
Corrections is described as the changing of a person or the rehabilitation of a
person in a jail or prison or in a community-based facility. Correctional institution aims
to apply the law and justice at the same time, aims to correct or change the person on
which basis is the due process of law which states that before judgement is passed to a
person, he must be heard or should undergo trial. Correctional institution is not applicable
to all persons, it also depends on the seriousness of the crime a person committed. Non-
intuitional corrections, however, aims to change or rehabilitate a person without placing
him in a jail or prison facility, instead, by using community-based programs.

2. Describe the present Philippine correctional set-up. Do you think there is more to
improve on the current set-up? If there is (are), discuss.
Corrections in the Philippines is divided to two kinds: institutional Correction and
Community- based corrections. The Philippine correctional system includes regulations,
different types of institutions, methods for gaining early release and sentence reductions,
and demands for system reforms. The Philippine correctional system is divided into three
subsystems that cater to type of prisoners: those prisoners serving sentences of more than
three years, those prisoners serving sentences of between six months and three years or
who have charges pending, and those serving terms of less than three years. Citizens are
urged to employ informal dispute settlement at the local level in order to reduce their use
of the criminal justice system (barangay). To shorten prison terms, the Philippines also
uses amnesty, parole, conditional and unconditional pardons, commutations of sentences,
and good behavior allowances. (1) In the Philippines, convicts are typically detained
without being sentenced for nine months. High death rates - At the New Bilibid Prison,
almost 5,200 prisoners pass away yearly (NBP). Reducing incarceration rates and jail
congestion are potential solutions, along with prison administration training and capacity
building to enhance conditions and services.
3. Outline the nature and set- up of community-based correction in the Philippines.
A. Community- based correction programs:
I. The Therapeutic Community Modality - programs and activities undertaken by
this agency:
a. Individual and group counseling
b. Moral, Spiritual, Values Formation
c. Work or Job Placement/Referral
d. Vocational/Livelihood and Skills Training
e. Health, Mental and Medical Services
f. Literacy and Education
g. Community Service
h. Client Self-Help Organization
i. Payment of Civil Liability
j. Environment and Ecology
k. Sports and Physical Fitness

II. The Restorative Justice Principles and Concepts

III. the Use of Volunteer Probation Aides (VPAs) - The VPA program is a strategy to
encourage as many residents as possible to participate in the community-based
probation and parole program. Since the VPAs live in the same neighborhood as
the clients they oversee, the principles of restorative justice are followed via them
with greater depth.
B. Non-Institutional Corrections: Structure
I. Non-Institutional/ Community Corrections
II. Whole or part of his/her sentence in the community
a. DSWD (CICL/ Mendicants)
1. Bahay Pag-asa (RA 10630)
b. Drug Rehabilitation Facilities
1. Voluntary Submission Program (RA 9165)
c. Department of Justice
 Parole and Probation Administration
 Board of Pardons and Parole
4. How can you describe the effectiveness of the community-based correction in the
Philippines?
Community-based correction in the Philippines is effective in a way that it is
successful in rehabilitating persons under this kind of correction. The process of the
community-based correction in the Philippines is well defined as there are many laws and
agencies administrating it, the diversity of prisoners are properly categorized such as
minors, drug addicts, alcohol addicts, those with low sentence crime, and as based upon
the length of sentence. Minors are taken care of by the DSWD, drug offenders are
governed by Drug Rehabilitation Facilities and maintained by VPAs in accordance with
RA 9165, and those who are under parole, probation, and pardon by DOJ.

5. Compare and contrast the institutional correction to community-based correction

program.
Non-institutional corrections refer to a way of rehabilitating convicted criminals
without incarcerating them. Not every convicted criminal must serve their entire sentence
in a jail cell. Subject to restrictions put in place by the government, some are permitted to
remain in the neighborhood. Correctional institution aims to apply the law and justice at
the same time, aims to correct or change the person on which basis is the due process of
law which states that before judgement is passed to a person, he must be heard or should
undergo trial. Correctional institution is not applicable to all persons, it also depends on
the seriousness of the crime a person committed. Institutional-based corrections entails
keeping the offender in a prison or jail, which is a secure correctional facility, while
community-based corrections either involves being placed on parole or probation.
According to "community-based sanctions", the advantages of community-based
correctional punishments include managing offenders inside the community and
achieving public safety through decreased recidivism. Additionally, community-based
treatment costs less than a prison or jail.