REVISION LOG SHEET

NOTE
NO.
PAGE DESCRIPTION / REMARKS

1 6 of 20 Added reference international codes “NACE”

Added paragraph 8.2.2 NACE RP0274 Section 3 Testing Voltage
2 13 of 20
table
3 13 of 20 Modified Paragraph 8.1.3

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
U

1. PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................ 4
2. SCOPE ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1. SCOPE OF THE SPECIFICATION ..................................................................................... 4
2.2. WORK NOT INCLUDED: ................................................................................................. 5
3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................... 5
3.1. INDUSTRY CODES AND STANDARDS .............................................................................. 5
3.2. PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS AND/OR ADDENDA ............................................................... 6
4. RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................................................................ 6
5. DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................... 6
5.1. MANUFACTURER REFERENCE: ..................................................................................... 7
6. PRODUCTS ..................................................................................................................... 7
6.1. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................. 7
7. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................... 8
7.1. COAL TAR ENAMEL SYSTEM: ........................................................................................ 8
7.2. EXTRUDED HIGH DESIGN POLYETHYLENE SYSTEM: ...................................................... 9
7.3. FUSION BONDED EPOXY SYSTEM: .............................................................................. 10
7.4. TAPE MAP SYSTEM: .................................................................................................... 11
7.5. FIELD APPLIED COATINGS FOR WELD JOINTS, FITTINGS AND IRREGULAR SHAPES: ....... 12
8. INSPECTION AND TESTING ........................................................................................ 12
8.1. SHOP APPLIED SYSTEMS: .......................................................................................... 12
8.2. FIELD APPLIED SYSTEMS ........................................................................................... 13
9. REPAIRS ........................................................................................................................ 14
9.1. REPAIR OF EXTRUDED COATING OR COAL TAR EPOXY SYSTEM USING TAPE WRAP
MATERIALS: ......................................................................................................................... 14
9.2. REPAIR OF EXTRUDED COATING SYSTEM USING SHRINK SLEEVES: ............................. 15
9.3. REPAIR OF FUSION BOND EPOXY SYSTEM: ................................................................. 15
9.4. REPAIR OF TAPE WRAP SYSTEM: ................................................................................ 15
10. STORAGE, HALDING AND SHIPPING ..................................................................... 17
10.1. COATED SYSTEMS: ................................................................................................. 17
11. BACKFILL .................................................................................................................. 18
12. ATTACHMENTS - COATING SYSTEMS: ................................................................ 18
12.1. ATTACHMENT 01: POLYETHYLENE AND EPOXY COATING ........................................... 19
12.2. ATTACHMENT 02: TAPE WRAP, SHRINK SLEEVES AND MASTIC COATINGS.................. 20

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1. PURPOSE

The Refinery and Petrochemical Complex of Ecuadorian Pacific is visualized as a

world scale refinery and petrochemical plant, oriented to satisfy in full the demand for
fuel Ecuadorian market and export the surplus available to strategic markets. The
scope of the facilities considers the construction of a 300 MBD refinery and
implementation of process units with deep conversion technology required for
production of gasoline, distillates, LPG and petrochemical bases, including facilities
for power, oil, pipelines, aqueducts and marine facilities.

SKEC is in the process of executing the Basic Engineering Design Phase for the
Refinery and Petrochemical Complex Project of Ecuadorian Pacific, as part of its
contract with RDP (Refineria del Pacifico Eloy Alfaro Compañía de Economía Mixta),
which is conformed between PDVSA Ecuador and PETROECUADOR. This new
Refinery will be located at Manabí, province of Ecuador.

All buried steel pipe and field joints shall be coated/wrapped, inspected and tested to
the satisfaction of Company before backfilling takes place. The materials and
equipment used for surface preparation, coating/wrapping application, inspection &
testing, shall conform to the requirements of this specification and reference
standards and codes, except as modified or supplemented by project specification or
data sheet.

2. SCOPE

2.1. Scope of the specification

2.1.1. This specification prescribes the requirements for materials, surface

preparation, application, inspection, repair and handling procedures for
externally coated steel pipe, weld joints, fittings, valves and flanges to
be buried and protected against corrosion. Any of the shop applied
systems defined herein are acceptable. Vendor shall specify in
quotation which system quotation is based on.

2.1.2. This specification shall be applicable as indicated on the piping

drawings and specifications.

2.1.3. Materials shall be stored, handled and applied in strict accordance

with manufacturer’s recommendations, and as specified herein.

2.1.4. Materials shall not be applied under adverse conditions involving rain,
moisture, snow, frost and dust nor when the ambient surface
temperature is below 10°C or above 68°C.

2.1.5. Fittings and weld joints shall be coated or wrapped only after pressure
testing.

2.1.6. This specification covers fluid operating temperatures from minus

40°C to 93°C.

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 2.1.7. Where pipe or fittings extend above ground, the coating or wrapping
shall be applied a minimum of 6 inches above finish grade or top of
paving

2.2. Work Not Included:

Trenching, forming (of trench) trenching equipment, installation of pipe welding

or any other work of equipment required other than to specifically apply coat
and wrap materials is not included.

3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

The publications listed below form part of this specification. Each publication shall be
the latest revision and addendum in effect on the date this specification is issued for
construction unless noted otherwise. Except as modified by the requirements
specified herein or the details of the drawings, Work included in this specification shall
conform to the applicable provisions of these publications.

3.1. Industry Codes and Standards

SSPC (Steel Structures Painting Council):

SSPC-Vis-1: Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards for Painting

SteelStructures

SSPC-PA2: Method of Measurement for Dry Paint Thicknesses with

Magnetic Gauges

SSPC-SP1: Solvent Cleaning

SSPC-SP2: Hand Tool Cleaning

SSPC-SP3: Power Tool Cleaning

SSPC-SP10: Near-White Blast Cleaning

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials):

ASTM D 149: Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strengths of Solid

Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power
Frequencies

ASTM D 638: Tensile Properties of Plastics

ASTM D 1000: Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Coating Tapes Used for

Electrical Insulation

ASTM D 1002: Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension

Loading

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 ASTM D 1044: Resistance of Plastics to Surface Abrasion

ASTM D 2370: Elongation and Tensile Strength of Free Films of Paint,

Varnish, Lacquer and Related Products with a Tensile Testing
Apparatus

ASTM E 96: Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of

Materials

ASTM G 6: Abrasion Resistance of Pipeline Coatings

ASTM G 8: Impact Resistance of Pipeline Coatings

ASTM G 14: Impact Resistance of Pipeline Coatings

NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers):

NACE SP0188 Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on

Conductive Substrates

NACE RP0274 High-Voltage Electrical Inspection of Pipeline Coatings

3.2. Project Specifications and/or Addenda

The following specifications prescribe items of related Work:

10045D-000-PI-SP-H221 (RDP-IB-000-PI-SP-H221) : Piping Material

Specification

10045D-000-PI-SP-AD-L212 (RDP-IB-000-PI-SP-L212): Insulation Materials

and Hot-Service
Application

O-201 : Selection and Specifications of Anticorrosion and Painting Systems

Coordinate Work prescribed by this specification with Work prescribed by the

above listed specifications.

4. RESPONSIBILITIES

This specification related detailed duties apply to all projects. Exceptions will require
the approval of the Company.

5. DEFINITIONS

COMPANY: It refers, in the document, to RDP (Refinería del Pacifico Eloy Alfaro
Compañía de Economía Mixta), or any third parties assigned by Company.

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 CONTRACTOR: The party which shall supply all materials, labour and equipment
necessary for the Coating-Wrapping of Steel Pipe.

Manufacturer/Supplier/Vendor: The Party which manufactures and/or

supplies materials, equipment and services to perform the duties as specified
by CONTRACTOR in the scope of supply.

TGF3: Industry standard standing for tar, glass, felt, 3 applications of coat tar coating.

Geeping: Electronically testing a coating for defects or holidays, such as voids or thin
spots.

Holiday Testing: Same as geeping

5.1. Manufacturer Reference:

Items specified or referenced by manufacturer and figure number are not

intended to exclude approved substitute items offered by other manufacturers.
Products of reputable manufacturers and of comparable type, quality, and
characteristics may be submitted for the Company acceptance.

6. PRODUCTS

6.1. Materials

6.1.1. Blast cleaning abrasives shall be silica, flint, grit, shot, or other
approved abrasive that has a sharp, hard cutting edge, and is properly
graded, dry and of a quality to produce the specified anchor pattern
(surface profile).

6.1.2. Compressed air shall be clean, dry and free of oil. Pressurized air
supply lines shall have effective moisture and oil trap/filter devices.

6.1.3. Tape wrapping components (primer, inner wrap, outer wrap) shall be
from the same manufacturer.

6.1.4. TGF3 (Coal Tar Enamel System) shall consist of coal tar primer, two
coats of coal tar enamel, fiberglass mat, coal tar enamel, felt wrap and
kraft paper. The system shall demonstrate the following properties:

a) Service temperature range: Minus 23°C through 71°C.

b) Primer thickness: 2.0 to 5.0 mils.

c) Hot enamel thickness: 0.020 inch thick fiberglass inner wrap.

d) Hot enamel thickness: 1/32 inch thick.

e) Felt wrap thickness: One wrap of 15#.

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 f) Kraft paper thickness: One wrap of 60#, quillon treated kraft paper.

6.1.5. Extruded high density polyethylene coating system shall be composed

of high molecular weight polyethylene with a modified rubber blend
adhesive and stabilized or pigmented for ultraviolet radiation protection.
The system shall demonstrate the physical properties outlined in
Attachment 1, Table. 1.

6.1.6. Fusion bonded powder epoxy coating system (FBE) shall be a 100
percent solid thermosetting epoxy coating applied electrostatically
from the powdered state to a preheated substrate. The powder,
when in contact with the hot substrate, melts, flows, gels and cures to
a continuous corrosion resistant coating. The system shall
demonstrate the physical properties outlined in Attachment 1, Table 2.

6.1.7. Tape wrap system shall be composed of a bare steel primer, an inner
wrap of polyethylene tape with adhesive, and a protective outer wrap
of polyethylene tape with adhesive stabilized or pigmented for
ultraviolet protection. The system shall demonstrate the physical
properties outlined in Attachment 2, Tables 1 and 2.

6.1.8. Field fitting and joint wrap system shall be composed of a double wrap
of highly conformable polyethylene tape with adhesive, or heat shrunk
radiation crosslinked polyolefin sleeve with mastic sealant for weld
joint only. Materials used shall demonstrate the physical properties
outlined in Attachment 2, Table 3 and 4.

6.1.9. Field irregular surface mastic coating system shall be composed of

coal tar mastic coating applied by brush over bare steel. The system
shall demonstrate the physical properties outlined in Attachment 2,
Table 5.

7. EXECUTION

7.1. Coal Tar Enamel System:

7.1.1. Surface shall be blast cleaned in accordance with SSPC-SP-10.

7.1.2. Weld spatter, slag, sharp edges, burrs, and slivers shall be removed
from the surfaces by filling, rasping, grinding, wire brushing or sanding.

7.1.3. Cleaned surfaces shall be coated the same day and before the
surface becomes contaminated. Any flash rusting, surface oxidation,
or other surface contamination shall be removed by reprocessing
through the necessary cleaning steps noted here.

7.1.4. Immediately after cleaning, the primer shall be applied at a rate of

approximately 1 gallon per 500 square feet, free of sags, drops or runs.
Any runs, drips or sags that have been dried shall be scraped off and
reprimed.
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 7.1.5. The enamel shall be carefully heated and applied within the allowable
drying time of the primer according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

7.1.6. The enamel shall be applied by a coating and wrapping machine.

The combined thickness of the first 2 coats shall be 2/32 inch.
Application shall not be made over dust or moisture.

7.1.7. Simultaneous with the application of the second coat of enamel, a 20

mil glass mat wrapping shall be spirally applied in such manner as to
firmly imbed the mat into the enamel. The edges of the glass mat
shall overlap ½ inch to 1 inch and shall be applied neatly and smoothly
and shall be free of wrinkles.

7.1.8. Over the glass mat a third coat of 1/32 inch thick enamel shall be
applied.

7.1.9. Simultaneous with the application of the third coat of enamel, a 15

pound felt wrapping not containing asbestos in any form shall be
spirally applied in such manner as to firmly bond the felt to the enamel.
The edges of the felt wrap shall overlap ½ inch to 1 inch and shall be
applied neatly and smoothly and shall be free of wrinkles and buckles.

7.1.10. Over the bonded felt wrapper, a spiral wrapping of 60# kraft paper
shall be applied.

7.1.11. Ends of the pipe shall have the coating and wrapping neatly cut 6
inches from each end of each pipe to permit field welding. The ends
of each length of pipe thus left uncoated shall be primed to protect the
pipe during shipment.

7.2. Extruded High Design Polyethylene System:

7.2.1. Surfaces shall be blast cleaned in accordance with SSPC-SP10.

7.2.2. Weld spatter, slag, sharp edges, burrs and slivers shall be removed
from the surface by filing, rasping, grinding, wire brushing or sanding.

7.2.3. Cleaned surfaces shall be extrusion coated the same day and before
the surface becomes contaminated. Any flash rusting, surface
oxidation or other surface contamination shall be removed by
reprocessing through the necessary cleaning steps noted herein.

7.2.4. Pipe: Procedures for applying polyethylene extruded coating to pie

shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
subject to approval by purchaser. A cut back of approximately 6
inches shall be provided from the ends of the pipe.

7.2.5. Preheating: After cleaning, the pipe shall be preheated to reduce the
temperature differential between the pipe and the coating materials
and minimize the stresses in the plastic sheath.

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 7.2.6. Immediately after cleaning and preheating, the pipe shall be given a
polymerized rubber blended compound undercoating at carefully
regulated temperature and thickness.

7.2.7. The shop shall exercise careful control of the undercoating to ensure
correct dielectric strength and complete adhesion between pipe,
undercoating and polyethylene sheath.

7.2.8. The maximum undercoating thickness shall be 10 mils.

7.2.9. The composition of the undercoating shall be such as to ensure that in

the event the outer polyethylene sheath is damaged the undercoating
will bleed, fill the opening and harden when exposed.

7.2.10. Immediately following the undercoating, the high density polyethylene

sheath shall be extruded over the pipe in a continuous operation.

7.2.11. Immediately following the extrusion, the plastic sheath shall be water
cooled. This cooling shall be accomplished in a number of stages
using water jets operating at carefully controlled outputs temperature.

7.3. Fusion Bonded Epoxy System:

7.3.1. Prior to preheating and blast cleaning, the pipe surface shall be
inspected and solvent cleaned to remove all dirt, oil, grease or other
surface debris.

7.3.2. The pipe shall then be preheated to a minimum temperature of 38°C to

remove surface moisture.

7.3.3. The pipe surface shall be blast cleaned in accordance with SSPC-
SP10. The abrasive media used shall produce an average surface
profile of 2.5 mils. Ninety-five percent of the surface profile shall be a
minimum height of 1.54 mils and a maximum height of 3.5 mils.
Particle size of abrasive media shall be controlled to produce a
consistent surface finish. The abrasive media shall be kept free of
contaminants.

7.3.4. Weld spatter, slag, sharp edges, burrs and slivers shall be removed
from the surface by filing, rasping, grinding, wire brushing or sanding
prior to coating. If the pipe surface burnished during the removal
process, the surface profile shall be restored prior to coating. Care
shall be taken that the wall thickness is not compromised.

7.3.5. Prior to the coating application, all residual dust, cleaning media or
other foreign matter shall be removed from the exterior and interior
surface of the pipe by stationary wire brushes combined with a blast of
clean dry air.

7.3.6. Total elapsed time between blast cleaning and coating operations shall
be kept to a maximum of 4 hours to avoid formation of oxides on the
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 cleaned surface. Visible formation of such oxides shall require
reblasting of pipe surface.

7.3.7. The pipe shall be uniformly preheated to a temperature specified by

the coating manufacturer. The preheat temperature shall not exceed
246°C. Optical pyrometers shall be used to measure preheat
temperature. A procedure for calibration pyrometers on a minimum
twice daily basis shall be followed. As an alternate, preheat
temperatures may be checked with temperature sticks providing care
is exercised not to contaminate any surfaces to be coated with
deposits left by the melt sticks. Care shall be taken during the
preheating operation to prevent any contamination of the cleaned pipe
surface.

7.3.8. Following preheating, the fusion bond coating shall be applied to the
pipe by electrostatic spray to provide a total uniform cured film
thickness of 14 mils, with a tolerance of plus or minus 2 mils. A cut
back of 6 inches shall be provided from the ends of the pipe.

7.3.9. The use of recycled powder shall be kept to a minimum and at no time
shall the ratio of recycled powder to fresh powder exceed 25 percent.
Recycled powder shall be subject to magnetic and particle size
screening prior to reuse. Magnetic separators and sieves no coarser
than 80 mesh U.S. sieve size shall be used for screening. Reclaimed
powder shall be free of contaminants and unaffected by heat.

7.3.10. When required, the applied coating shall be subject to a final cure
cycle for a period of time and at a temperature recommended by the
coating manufacturer. Final curing temperature shall not exceed
246°C, or as specified by manufacturer.

7.4. Tape Map System:

7.4.1. Surfaces shall be blast cleaned in according with SSPC-SP10, using

dry abrasives and compressed air.

7.4.2. Weld spatter, slag, sharp edges and slivers shall be removed from the
surface by filing, rasping, grinding, wire brushing or sanding.

7.4.3. Cleaned surfaces shall be primed the same day and before the
surface becomes contaminated. Flash rusting, surface oxidation or
other surface contamination shall be removed by reprocessing through
the necessary cleaning steps noted herein.

7.4.4. The primer shall be applied in a uniformly thin film, free of runs and
sags, covering the entire surface of the pipe. The flow of primer shall
be regulated to properly set and dry according to manufacturer’s
recommendations. Pipe that has been primed shall be tape wrapped
within 24 hours.

7.4.5. Pipe shall be spirally wrapped with inner tape wrap followed by outer
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 tape wrap. The tape shall be staggered so that the overlap of the
inner tape wrap is beneath the centerline of the outer tape wrap. The
tape shall overlap the preceding spirals a minimum of 1 inch on pipe 3
inches NPS or smaller and a minimum of 1 inch on pipe 4 inches NPS
and larger. The tape shall be kept under constant tension to ensure a
uniform, tightly adhered coating, free of wrinkles, puckers, voids and
bubbles. Under tension, the tape shall be at least 1/8 inch narrower
than the width of the roll. The end lap of each new roll shall overlap
the end of the preceding roll. The end lap shall be hand-applied
without tension and its spiral angle shall parallel the previously applied
spiral without twists or distortion. The tape wrapping application shall
be held or cut back 4 inches from each end of the pipe to allow
welding of the joints during erection. Pipe wrapping shall be done
using tape wrapping machines.

7.5. Field Applied Coatings for Weld Joints, Fittings and Irregular Shapes:

7.5.1. Weld joints shall be coated and wrapped by 1 of 2 method; tape wrap
or wrap-around shrink sleeves. The method for tape wrapping weld
joints is as follows: One and one quarter turns of inner tape wrap
shall be applied over welds prior to wrapping the joint. Beginning at a
point 3 inches back on the existing wrap, apply inner tape wrap spirally
to a point 3 inches past the beginning of the wrap on the next length.
The tape shall overlap 50 percent of its width as it is applied and
provide double wrap coverage. The method for wrap-around shrink
sleeves shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations.

7.5.2. Fittings and bends shall be coated and wrapped with tape wrap.
Apply inner tape wrap spirally and overlap 50 percent of its width,
resulting in double wrap coverage. Tape shall be pulled tight enough
so that it conforms well to all surfaces of the fitting.

7.5.3. Irregular shapes such as valves, corners around couplings, flanges

and other irregular shapes shall be coated with brush applied coal tar
mastic.

7.5.4. Hand wrapping shall be held to a minimum and shall be done with
tape not exceeding 4 inches in width.

8. INSPECTION AND TESTING

8.1. Shop Applied Systems:

8.1.1. It is the responsibility of the applicator to visually and electrically

inspect and test the coating and wrapping prior to shipment or storage,
regardless of whether the purchaser undertakes any inspection or not.

8.1.2. Visual inspection shall be made to ensure the protective coating

system is free of surface blisters, craters, pinholes and that the pipe is
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 properly coated and wrapped to these specifications.

8.1.3. In addition to visual inspection, the coated and wrapped pipe shall be
100 percent electric holiday tested using purchaser approved holiday
detection equipment as per NACE SP-0118 and RP-0274 Acceptance
criteria shall be met to Table 1 of NACE RP 0274. The detector shall
be set to acceptable voltages as stipulated by the manufacturer’s
recommendations. The detector shall travel at a rate not to exceed 1
foot per second, nor shall it be allowed to remain stationary while the
power is on.

8.1.4. All voids, pinholes and defects shall be clearly marked and repaired to
meet the specification.

8.2. Field Applied Systems

8.2.1. The protective coating system shall be visually inspected after final
placement of the piping system and before backfilling of the trench.

8.2.2. In addition to visual inspection, coated and wrapped surfaces shall be

100 percent electric holiday tested using purchase approved holiday
detection equipment such as Tinkor and Rasor holiday detector, model
AP or AP-W, as applicable. The detector shall be set to the following
recommended voltage levels:

Table 1. Minimum Testing Voltage Level for Coating Materials

System
U U Voltage Level
U

Coal tar epoxy 9,000 volt

Extruded coating 7,500 volt

Tape wrap 9,000 volt

Fusion bond epoxy 1,800 volt

Shrink sleeves 15,000 volt

Table 2. Minimum Testing Voltage for Various Thicknesses

Coating Thicknesses Testing Voltage

(mm) (mils)

0.51 20 6,000 volt

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 0.79 31 7,000 volt

1.6 62 10,000 volt

2.4 94 12,000 volt

3.2 125 14,000 volt

4.0 156 16,000 volt

4.8 188 17,000 volt

13 500 28,000 volt

16 625 31,000 volt

19 750 34,000 volt

NOTE: Thin film coatings are not covered by this standard.

8.2.3. In no instance shall the detector voltage exceed that which is just
necessary to cause sparking to the pipe from the detector electrode as
it is moved across a half-flapped, double-coated and outer-wrapped
calibration section artificially punctured for test purposes (not
applicable to fusion bond epoxy system).

8.2.4. The travel rate of the holiday detector shall not exceed 1 foot per
second; nor shall it be allowed to remain stationary while the power is
on.

8.2.5. All holidays thus found shall be marked for repair. Pipe joints with
holiday repairs in excess of 1 holiday per 10 feet square of coated
surfaces shall be re-evaluated for overall coating integrity and may, at
the option of Company, be rejected.

8.2.6. The thickness of the fusion bond epoxy coating on each joint of pipe
shall be checked with a microtest gauge in accordance with SSPC-
PA2 and shall have a minimum thickness as specified. Gages shall
be calibrated using National Bureau of Standards calibration blocks
prior to use. As a minimum, thickness shall be checked every 5 feet
longitudinally per joint or as directed by Company.

8.2.7. On a random sampling basis, the applied fusion bond epoxy coating
shall be checked for proper cure and bond. A test procedure, subject
to approval of Company, shall be established to verify cure and bond
properties.

9. REPAIRS

9.1. Repair of Extruded Coating or Coal Tar Epoxy System Using Tape Wrap
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 Materials:

9.1.1. Remove all protrusions, clean and deoxidize surface, make sure area
to be repaired is roughened with a wire brush to ensure a good bond
between surface and patch.

9.1.2. Apply primer to tape wrapping system, allow to dry.

9.1.3. Joint tape may be used for small irregularly shaped repairs. For other
repairs primary pipe tape can be used to fabricate a patch of the same
size as the section removed. A second patch of the same material,
but extending 4 inches past the first patch, shall be applied.

9.1.4. Prime the surface of the initial outerwrap that will be covered with new
outerwrap tape, then rewrap the pipe with outerwrap tape. A holiday
test shall be made of the area of the patch.

9.2. Repair of Extruded Coating System Using Shrink Sleeves:

9.2.1. Remove all damaged coating and feather edge.

9.2.2. Clean and remove din and grime from area of patch and beyond at
least 3 inches; roughen up with a wire brush to ensure good adhesion.

9.2.3. Apply shrink sleeve according to manufacturer’s instruction.

9.2.4. A holiday test shall be made of patched area.

9.3. Repair of Fusion Bond Epoxy System:

9.3.1. Small pinholes or holidays may be repaired with a patching stick

method. The patching stick material shall be compatible with the
fusion bond epoxy coating being used and shall be supplied by the
coating manufacturer. Application procedures shall be in accordance
with coating manufacturer’s recommendations.

9.3.2. For repairs larger than pinholes, material to be used shall be 100
percent solids liquid epoxy compound. The material shall be
recommended by the coating manufacturer and shall be applied in
accordance with coating manufacturer’s recommended procedures.
Repair procedure shall be approved by Company before application.

9.4. Repair of Tape Wrap System:

9.4.1. Pinholes, stone bruises, or other slight damage of approximately 1/2

inches across affecting only the outer tape wrap need not be repaired
if the damage passes a holiday test.

9.4.2. Minor damage to straight runs of tape wrapped piping from 1/2 inch to
3 inches across, or when items do not pass a holiday test, shall be
repaired as follows:
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 a) Carefully remove out tape wrap to form a square opening of 18 to 20
inches across. Care must be taken to prevent further damage to the
inner tape wrap. The opening is to center about the damaged area.

b) Remove the damaged inner tape so that an opening of 4 inches by 4

inches square is centered in the outer tape wrap opening.

c) The exposed pipe shall be hand or power tool cleaned (SSPC-

SP2,SP3) and primer applied.

d) A 10-inch square patch of inner tape wrap shall be applied over the 4
inch square opening so that the patch overlaps the existing inner
wrap by 3 inches in each direction. Where strips of tape are used to
make the 10 inch patch, the strips shall overlap by a minimum of ¾
inch.

e) A holiday test shall be made of the applied inner tape wrap patch.

f) Remove dirt and grime from total outer tape so that there is a 3 inch
overlap at each end of the existing outerwrap opening. The spiral
wrap shall overlap itself by at least ¾ inch.

g) Spiral wrap completely around the pipe with outer tape wrap so that
there is a 3 inch overlap at each end of the existing outerwrap
opening. The spiral wrap shall overlap itself by at least ¾ inch.

9.4.3. Damage greater than 3 Inches across in tape wrapped pipe, wrapping
shall be repaired as follows:

a) Remove all damaged wrapping around the full circumference of the

pipe. Remove an additional 4 to 5 inches of outerwrap taking care
not to damage the inner tape wrap.

b) The exposed pipe shall be hand or power tool cleaned (SSPC-SP2,

SP3) and primer applied.

c) Spiral wrap the pipe with inner tape wrap so that both ends of existing
inner tape wrap is overlapped by 3 inches. Wrap shall overlap itself
by at least ¾ inch.

d) A holiday test shall be made of the new area of inner tape wrap.

e) Remove dirt and grime at least 3 inches back from the ends of the
existing outerwrap.

f) Spiral wrap over the inner wrap with outer tape wrap so that there is a
3 inch overlap at each end of the existing outerwrap. Wrap shall
overlap itself by at least ¾ inch.

9.4.4. Repair of Weld Joint, Fittings, Bends and Similar Features:

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 a) For damage greater than pinhole or other slight damage, remove
original wrapping and rewrap according to section “Field Applied
Coatings for Weld Joints, Fittings and Irregular Shaper”.

b) Exposed parts shall be hand or power tool cleaned (SSPC-SP2, SP3)

and primer applied.

c) Dirt and grime shall be removed at least 3 inches back from the ends
of the existing outerwrap.

10. STORAGE, HALDING AND SHIPPING

10.1. Coated Systems:

10.1.1. Coated or wrapped pipe shall be handled and stored in a manner to

prevent damage to pipe walls, beveled ends and coating. Pipe or
coating damaged in handling or other operations shall be repaired to
Company’s specification.

10.1.2. When the coated pipe is to be stored at Applicator’s plant, or in the

field, it shall be protected in such a manner as to avoid damage to the
coating or the pipe. Facilities and methods of yard storage shall be
subject to approval by Company.

10.1.3. Coated and bare pipe shall be handled in such a manner as to prevent
internal or external damage to the pipe or its coating. It shall be
handled with wide slings, internal hooks fitting the curvature of the pipe,
or other equipment and facilities approved by Company.

10.1.4. Pipe contact points of handling equipment shall be padded, or other

protective means approved by Company. A load spreader beam or
other Company approved device shall be used.

10.1.5. Separators shall be used when stacking fusion bond epoxy coated
joints (such as 3/4 inch thick rubber pads, tire tread or approved
substitute). A minimum of 3 pads shall be used for each 40 foot joint.

10.1.6. Joints shall always be carried. Dragging, sliding or rolling coated

pipes shall not be permitted.

10.1.7. Joints shall be placed on wooden skids, earth mounds or other

protective means, when stringing.

10.1.8. Pipe to be shipped shall be protected by padding separators and

dividers and shall be tied down in such a manner as to prevent
damage to the coating resulting from movement or vibration during
transportation. Facilities and methods for protection of the pipe
during transportation shall be subject to approval by Company.

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11. BACKFILL

Backfill adjacent to the coated and wrapped pipe shall be free from scrap, sticks, large
rocks, or other hard debris which could damage the coating surfaces. Backfill shall
be installed in accordance with the project backfill specification.

12. ATTACHMENTS - Coating Systems:

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 12.1. Attachment 01: Polyethylene and Epoxy Coating
Coating Systems – Polyethylene and Epoxy Coatings
TABLE 1: POLYETHYLENE COATINGS
U
PROPERTY TECT METHOD
Service Temperature Range
Coating Thickness (Nominal)
Abrasion Resistance ASTM-G-6
Cathodic Disbondment ASTM-G-8 (30 day)
Elongation ASTM-D-638
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-638
Water Vapor Transmission ASTM-E-96
Rate
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Plexco – Extruded Coating
Encoat – Pritec
Encoat – Extruded Coating
TABLE 2: EPOXY COATINGS
U
PROPERTY TECT METHOD
Service Temperature
Coating Thickness
Impact Resistance ASTM-G-14
Abrasion Resistance ASTM-D-1044
Shear Adhesion ASTM-D-1002
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-2370
Dielectric Strength ASTM-E-149
PRODUCT REFERENCE
3M Scotchkote 206N
Valspar D-1003
Napko Napgard No. 7-2500
REFINERIA DEL PACIFICO RDP-IB-000-PI-SP-005 Rev.
SK ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION 10045D-000-PI-SP-005 Date
VALUE
Minus 40°C thru 65.5°C
25 mils min. 4” & smaller
40 mils min. 6” & larger
No change
.25 in2
100% min.
2700 psi min.
.001 grams/24 hrs.
100 in2 max. 20 mil sheet
VALUE
Minus 30.4°C thru 93°C
14 plus or minus 2 mils
160 in/lbs at 77°F min.
0.198 grams weight loss
1000 gm weight, 5000 cycles
4000 psi min
7000 psi min
1200 plus or minus 200
volts/mil
0 Page
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 12.2. Attachment 02: Tape Wrap, Shrink Sleeves and Mastic Coatings

Coating Systems – Tape Wraps, Shrink Sleeves and Mastic Coatings

TABLE 1: INNER TAPE WRAP

U

PROPERTY TECT METHOD VALUE

Service Temperature Range Minus 30.4°C thru 85°C
Tape Thickness 20 mils min.
Elongation ASTM-D-1000 185% min.
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-1000 23 lbs/min. width min.
Water Vapor Transmission ASTM-E-96 .2 grams/24 hrs/100 in2 max.
Adhesion to Primed Steel ASTM-D-1000 200 oz/in width min
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Polyken - #927 Primer and #980-20 Primary Coating
Tapecoat – M/A 1000 Primer and 1020 B Inner Wrap

TABLE 2: OUTER TAPE WRAP

U

PROPERTY TECT METHOD VALUE

Service Temperature Range Minus 30.4°C thru 93°C
Tape Thickness 20 mils min.
40 mils min. 6” & larger
Elongation ASTM-D-1000 185% min.
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-1000 20 lbs/min. width min.
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Polyken - #955-25 Pipeline Outerwrap
Tapecoat – 2030 with Outerwrap

TABLE 3: FITTING AND JOINT TAPE

U

PROPERTY TECT METHOD VALUE

Service Temperature Range Minus 30.4°C thru 85°C
Tape Thickness 35 mils min.
Elongation ASTM-D-1000 170% min.
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-1000 15 lbs/min. width. Min.
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Polyken - #927 Primer and #930-35 Joint Wrap
Tapecoat – TC Coldprime and Tapecoat TC

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 TABLE 4: WELD JOINT SHRINK SLEEVE
U

PROPERTY TECT METHOD VALUE

Service Temperature Range Minus 29°C thru 60°C
Sleeve Thickness 70 mils min.
40 mils min. 6” & larger
Elongation ASTM-D-638 400% min.
Tensile Strength ASTM-D-638 2400 psi min.
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Raychem – WPCT Wraparound Pipe Sleeve
With Thermal Indicator

TABLE 5: IRREGULAR SURFACE COATING

U

PROPERTY TECT METHOD VALUE

Service Temperature Range Minus 29°C thru 49°C
Film Thickness 30 mils. min. dry thickness
Chemical Composition ASTM-D-638 Coal tar blends
PRODUCT REFERENCE
Koppers – bitumastic No. 50
Royston – Roscote Mastic A-51
Tapecoat – TC Mastic

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