DAYANANDA SAGAR ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY

& MANAGEMENT
(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi & Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
Udayapura, Kanakapura Main Road, Opp. Art of Living, Bangalore-82

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Accredited by NBA, New Delhi

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS REPORT

On

“ZERO HUNGER”
of
V Semester, Bachelor of Engineering
in
Information Science and Engineering
Submitted By
TRIVENI 1DT19IS146

Under the Guidance of

Dr. G MANJULA
Professor
Dept. of Information Science & Engineering,
DSATM, Bangalore.
2021-2022
 DAYANANDA SAGAR ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY
AND MANAGEMENT
(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi & Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
Opp. Art of Living, Udayapura, Kanakapura Road, Bangalore- 560082
Department of Information Science & Engineering

Accredited by NBA, New Delhi

Certificate

This is to certify that the creative assessment work entitled

“Zero Hunger” is carried out by Triveni in partial fulfillment for the requirement of

V semester, of Bachelor of Engineering in Information Science and Engineering

of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2021-22.

It is certified that all the corrections/ suggestions indicated in the report have been

incorporated.

This report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements with respect

to creative assessment.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD

Dr. G Manjula Dr. Sumithra Devi K A
Professor Prof. & Head, Dept. of ISE

Dept. of ISE,DSATM, Bangalore. DSATM, Bangalore.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my profound gratitude to Dr. M. Ravishankar, Principal, DSATM, Bangalore,

for providing the necessary facilities and an ambient environment to work.

I am grateful to Dr. Sumithra Devi K A, Dean Academics and Head of Department,

Information Science and Engineering, DSATM, Bangalore, for valuable suggestions and
advice throughout my work period.

I would like to express my deepest gratitude and sincere thanks to my guides Dr. G Manjula,
Professor, Department of Information Science and Engineering, DSATM, Bangalore,
for keen interest and encouragement in the project whose guidance made the work more
efficient.

I would like to thank all the staff members of the Department of Information Science and
Engineering for their support and encouragement during the course of this project.

Definitely most, I would like to thank our parents, all my family members and friends,
without whose help and encouragement this creative assessment would have been impossible.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.

NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 1-3

2 TARGETS 4-6

3 THE HUNGER SITUATION 7-8

IN INDIA

4 STEPS THAT CAN BE 9-13

TAKEN TO STOP HUNGER

5 INITIATIVES TAKEN BY 14-17

GOVERNMENT IN INDIA

7 MY SOLUTION 18-19

8 CONCLUSION 20

9 REFERENCES 21
 Chapter-1

INTRODUCTION

• Under-nutrition has been on the rise since 2015, after falling for decades.

• This majorly results from the various stresses in food systems that include; climate
shocks, the locust crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Those threats indirectly reduce the purchasing power and the capacity to produce and
distribute food, which affects the most vulnerable populations and furthermore has
reduced their accessibility to food.

• Up to 142 million people in 2020 have suffered from undernourishment as a result of

the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Stunting and wasting children statistics are likely to worsen with the pandemic.

• In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic "may add between 83 and 132 million people to
the total number of undernourished in the world by the end of 2020 depending on
the economic growth scenario".

1|Page
• There is more than enough food produced today to feed every last one of us. Yet up to
811 million people remain chronically undernourished, amid signs of diminishing
momentum towards reaching Zero Hunger.

• Malnutrition, meanwhile, is taking a heavy toll across developing and developed nations.
While stunting -- low height for age -- is slowly decreasing, more than two billion adults,
adolescents and children are now obese or overweight. The consequences are severe for
public health, for national wealth, and for individuals' and communities' quality of life.

• These worrying trends coincide with the diminishing availability of land; increasing soil
and biodiversity degradation; and more frequent and severe weather events. The impact
of climate change on agriculture compounds the situation.

• Globally, the proportion of undernourished people in developing regions has fallen by

almost half since 1990, from 23.3% in 1990-1992 to 12.9% in 2014-2016.

• As per FAO estimates, 2017 saw the third consecutive rise in world hunger, with the
absolute number of undernourished people i.e. those facing chronic food deprivation
increasing to 821 million.

• One in every 9 people in the world is undernourished. Asia’s decreasing trend in

undernourishment seems to be slowing down significantly, with 515 million deemed
undernourished in 2017.

2|Page
• Unless we profoundly rethink global food and agricultural systems, it is estimated that
the number of hungry people worldwide could drastically climb by 2050.

• South Asia still faces one of the greatest hunger burdens, with over 15% of the
population considered undernourished.

• Ensuring sustainable access to nutritious food universally will require sustainable food
production and agricultural practices.

3|Page
 Chapter-2

TARGETS

• By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people
in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year
round.

• By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the

internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children less than 5 years of
age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women
and older persons.

4|Page
• By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food
producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and
fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources
and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition
and non-farm employment.

• By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient

agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain
ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather,
drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil
quality.

• By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and
domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly
managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international
levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the
utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally
agreed.

5|Page
• Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural
infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development
and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity
in developing countries, in particular least developed countries.

• Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets,
including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies
and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the
Doha Development Round.

• Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their
derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food
reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility.

6|Page
 Chapter-3

THE HUNGER SITUATION IN INDIA

• Almost 195 million people (15% of the population) in India are undernourished.

• Undernourishment means that people are not able to supply their bodies with enough
energy through their diet. In the 1990s, 190 million people in India were undernourished.

• That number remains the same today. Lack of proper diet leads to stunted growth for
children; in India, 37.9% of children under the age of five experience stunted growth due
to undernourishment.

• Malnutrition is one of the bigger implications of the overarching problems India has to
deal with: a wide range of hunger, extreme cases of poverty, overpopulation and
continually increasing population, a poor health system, and inaccurate national statistics
due to the aforementioned overpopulation.

7|Page
• According to the 2018 Global Nutrition Report, India will not reach the minimum
nutritional goals by 2025 set by the World Health Organization. With 46.6 million
children stunted in growth, India “bears 23.8% of the global burden of malnutrition”.
These goals include “reducing child overweight, wasting and stunting, diabetes among
women and men, anaemia in women of reproductive age and obesity among women
and men, and increasing exclusive breastfeeding.”

• The Global Hunger Index 2020 ranks India at 101 out of 116 countries on the basis of
three leading indicators -- prevalence of wasting and stunting in children under 5 years,
under 5 child mortality rate, and the proportion of undernourished in the population.

8|Page
 Chapter-4

STEPS THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO STOP HUNGER

• Sustainable Food

Heifer International is an organization that helps transform agriculture. They fund

projects so people can provide food for themselves in a sustainable way. This is very
powerful, because ultimately we would like to see many impoverished areas not
reliant on aid from foreign countries (which often causes debt) and able to create their
own, steady, supply of food.

• Access to Credit

9|Page
 Many organizations are helping people in poor countries to gain access to credit. Most
of these credit loans are repaid, and they have created many industries, such as farms,
that help create a sustainable provision for people and also develop nations
economically. If these people do not have access to credit, they cannot start up
industries that combat poverty.

• Food Donations

Although ideally it would be better to get the entire world to a place of self-
sustainability, it is not something that will happen overnight. In the meantime it is
important to lend a helping hand. The impact of donations, both cash and food, has
had an immense impact on world hunger. Organizations such as Food for All have
customers donate $1-5 when checking out. Last year they raised a whopping $60
million to fight world hunger.

• Transitioning

10 | P a g e
 Many families dealing with poverty need help transitioning into a state of self-
dependence. 15 Feeds Family is an organization that helps with this transition. They
start by providing families with food, but then slowly find solutions to empower
families to be self-sufficient. This is important, because self-sufficiency allows for a
certain food income, when relying on donations does not always guarantee food.

• Urban Farming

Almost one-quarter of undernourished people live in an urban environment. Recently,

there has been a big push for urban farming. Urban farming empowers families to gain
control over their own food source.

• Access to Education

Education is the best weapon against poverty and hunger. It is especially powerful in
underdeveloped countries. Education means better opportunity and more access to
income and food. Additionally, some countries have food-for-education programs
where students are given free food for coming to school. This may seem like a basic
idea in the United States, but it is lifesaving in many under developed nations.

11 | P a g e
• Social Change

This is extremely hard and will not take place overnight. However, many social issues,
such as war, pose a fundamental problem to halting world hunger. Ideally, this will
happen when world powers, such as the United States and many western European
nations, choose to focus on solving these issues instead of exacerbating them.
However, this can only start when people in developed nations begin to care about
those issues as well and pressure their governments to be productive in ending
conflict.

• Government Intervention

Aid to foreign nations needs to be more focused on government intervention, like

programs that provide food to mothers and their children in poor areas. This is not
much different from many programs available in the United States.

12 | P a g e
• Empowering Women

There is a direct correlation with hunger and gender inequalities. Empowering women
to gain access to food, be providers, and lead their families has had a major impact on
food access and ability to change financial situations.

• Birth Control Education

High birth rates pose a problem when trying to solve hunger. Many people are not
educated on reproduction or do not have access to contraceptives. Gaining access to
contraceptives allows for family planning and economic freedom.

13 | P a g e
 Chapter-5

INITIATIVES TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

SDG 2: Zero Hunger

• National Nutrition Mission

India’s Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, launched the National Nutrition
Mission (NNM) or the POSHAN Abhiyaan on International Women’s Day 2018. NNM
targets children, pregnant women and lactating mothers, aiming to reduce stunting,
malnutrition, anaemia and low birth weight babies. It uses the Lives Saved Tool also known
as LiST, to gather results on increased interventions of maternal, new-born and child health,
and nutrition.

• National Food Security Mission

14 | P a g e
In 2007, the National Development Council launched the National Food Security Mission.
By the end of the 11th Five Year Plan (2011 – 2012), production of rice had successfully
increased to the projected “10 million tons, wheat to 8 million tons and pulses to 2 million
tons.” The 12th Five Year Plan was even more successful, with a target of 25 million tons of
food grain from 2017 to 2020.

The National Food Security Mission implemented eight strategies to accomplish its
objectives.

Those strategies are to:

• Place focus on districts with low production and significant potential

• Establish cropping system-centric inventions
• Inherit “agro-climatic zone wise planning and cluster approach for crop productivity
enhancement”
• Increase focus on annual crop (pulses) production and grow them with diverse crops
• “Promote and extend improved technologies i.e., seed, integrated nutrient
management
• (INM), integrated pest management (IPM), input use efficiency and resource
conservation
• technologies along with the capacity building of the farmers/extension functionaries”
• “Closely monitor the flow of funds to ensure timely reach of interventions to the
target beneficiaries”
• Combine multiple interventions and the goals of each district and its plans
• “Implement agencies for assessing the impact of the interventions for a result-
oriented approach”

• Zero Hunger Program

15 | P a g e
The Zero Hunger Programme in India began in 2017 to improve agriculture, health and
nutrition. The
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, the Indian Council of Medical Research, the
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation and the Biotechnology Industry Research
Assistance
Council (BIRAC) created it. The program focuses on developing farm equipment, revamping
the
farming system, setting up genetic gardens for bio-fortified plants and beginning zero hunger
training. In
India, most farmers do not have an adequate amount of land to support their families plus the
growing population. Without proper storage available, transportation and marketing places,
most food goes
to waste. The Zero Hunger Programme aims to:
• Decrease child stunting for children 2 years and younger
• Ensure access to food all year round
• Create stable food systems
• Increase small farmer productivity and income
• Eliminate food waste

• Eat Right India Movement

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India started the Eat Right India movement to
ensure that the Indian population has access to food that is healthy and safe. The program
stands on the foundation of regulatory capacity building, collaborative and empowerment
approach.
Overall, the purpose of the Eat Right India Movement is to encourage communities to eat
healthy, safe and sustainably. It aims to help all age groups since diet-related illnesses affect
everyone if their eating habits are poor. With this common ground, the movement is banding
with restaurants, agriculture, food producers, ministries and professional cooks to ensure
change.

16 | P a g e
• Food Fortification

Eating low-quality food can cause malnourishment and anaemia. Both are present in children
and women of the Indian community. In efforts to lower the extent of malnutrition and
anaemia, food fortification has been
a common practice in India since the 1950s. Food fortification is a process of nutrient
supplementation chemically, biologically or physically. Fortified food can include rice,
wheat flour, edible oil, salt and milk.

Unfortunately, low-income women and children never consume 40%-60% of fortified food.
This is due to some states’ failure to purchase fortified food, information disclosure in public
supply chains and a shortage of distribution channels in rural areas.

17 | P a g e
 Chapter-6

MY SOLUTION

SDG 2: Zero Hunger

• It’s surprising how often we underestimate how much we can accomplish as a

community.

• Our idea is to harness this power of accomplishing things as a community.

• We can encourage communities to band together and contribute food by starting local
food banks.

18 | P a g e
• Since this is a charitable endeavour, we can start a dialog with the local government and
request their help for recognizing such organizations and ensure tax write-offs to people
who make significant contributions.

• The community and the government could together, raise awareness about such food
banks and make sure people in need can satisfy their hunger here.

19 | P a g e
 CONCLUSION

After decades of steady decline, the number of people who suffer from hunger – as
measured by the prevalence of undernourishment – began to slowly increase again in 2015.
Current estimates show that nearly 690 million people are hungry, or 8.9 percent of the
world population – up by 10 million people in one year and by nearly 60 million in five
years. The world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. If recent trends continue,
the number of people affected by hunger would surpass 840 million by 2030. According to
the World Food Program, 135 million suffer from acute hunger largely due to man-made
conflicts, climate change and economic downturns. The COVID-19 pandemic could now
double that number, putting an additional 130 million people at risk of suffering acute
hunger by the end of 2020.

With more than a quarter of a billion people potentially at the brink of starvation, swift
action needs to be taken to provide food and humanitarian relief to the most at-risk regions.
At the same time, a profound change of the global food and agriculture system is needed if
we are to nourish the more than 690 million people who are hungry today – and
the additional 2 billion people the world will have by 2050. Increasing agricultural
productivity and sustainable food production are crucial to help alleviate the perils of
hunger.

I hereby conclude by saying than achieving zero hunger is possible, but only if we try to
attain the targets by the timelines suggested and strive to do better.

20 | P a g e
 REFERENCES

• https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/hunger/

• https://www.indiafoodbanking.org/hunger

• https://borgenproject.org/10-ways-stop-world-hunger/

• United Nations (2015) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25

September 2015, transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development.

• "2017 HLPF Thematic review of SDG2" (PDF). High-Level Political Forum on

Sustainable Development.

• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Ficonscout.com%2Ficon%2
Ftax-
27&psig=AOvVaw2MCY5H_F1TJX4ukNFErPdi&ust=1642765001186000&source
=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCNiepNeewPUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABA
J

21 | P a g e