Name: Andrea Jean Miranda

BSED SCIENCE 2B
Thermodynamics
LABORATORY 2

September 15, 2022

Criteria: Accuracy – 5 pts.; Process – 10 pts.

1. An object of mass 3000 kg, initially having a velocity of 155 m/s, decelerates to a final velocity of 25 m/s. What
is the change in kinetic energy of the object, in kJ?
Given:
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 3000kg 𝑣𝑖 = 155 m/s 𝑣𝑓 = 25 m/s

Formula: KE = ½ 𝑚𝑣 2

𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝑰𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝐾𝐸2 = ½ 𝑚𝑣 2
𝐾𝐸1 = ½ 𝑚𝑣 2
= 1/2 (3000 kg) (25 𝑚/𝑠)2
= 1/2 (3000 kg) (155)2
= 1/2 (3000 𝑘𝑔)(625𝑚2 / 𝑠 2 )
= 1/2 (3000 𝑘𝑔)(24025 𝑚2 / 𝑠 2 )
2
2 = 1/2 (1, 875, 000 𝑘𝑔𝑚 / 𝑠2 )
= 1/2 (72,075, 000 𝑘𝑔𝑚 / 𝑠2 )
𝐾𝐸2 = 937, 500 𝑘𝑔𝑚2 / 𝑠 2
𝐾𝐸1 = 36, 037, 500 𝑘𝑔𝑚2 / 𝑠 2 )

KE = 𝐾𝐸1 − 𝐾𝐸2
= 36, 037, 500 − 937, 500
= 35, 100, 000 𝑘𝑔𝑚2 / 𝑠 2
2 1 𝑘𝐽
= 35, 100, 000 𝑘𝑔𝑚 / 𝑠2 x
1000 𝑘𝑔𝑚2 / 𝑠 2

KE = 35, 100 𝑘𝐽

2. An object whose mass is 100 kg. falls freely under the influence of gravity from an elevation of 460 m above the
surface of Earth. The initial velocity downward is 25 m/s. The effect of air resistance is negligible. Determine the
velocity of the object just before it strikes Earth.
Given:
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 100kg 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 460 m 𝒈 = 9.8𝑚/𝑠 𝒗𝒊 = 25 m/s

Solution:

𝑣𝑓 = √2𝑔ℎ + 𝒗𝒊 𝟐
= √2 (9.8 𝑚/𝑠) (460 𝑚) + (25 𝑚/𝑠)2
= √9641 𝑚/𝑠
𝑣𝑓 = 98.19 𝑚/𝑠
3. Electrical power is generated by an installed hydraulic turbine–generator at a site 120 m below the free
surface of a large water reservoir that can supply water at a rate of 2400 kg/s steadily. Determine the power
generation potential.
Given:
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 2, 400 kg/s 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 120 m 𝒈 = 9.8𝑚/𝑠
Solution:
𝑃𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
= ( 2, 400 kg/s) ( 9.81𝑚/𝑠) ( 120 𝑚)
= 2, 825, 280

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = W / ∆T
= 2, 825, 280
2,825,280
=
1
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 2, 825, 280 𝐽/𝑠

4. A water flows at 60 m/s at a flow rate of 120 kg/s is to be used to generate power by striking
the buckets located on the perimeter of a wheel. Determine the power generation potential of this water jet.
Given:
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 120 kg/s 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 60 m/s
Solution:

𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ = 𝐾𝐸
𝑣2
𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ = 2
1𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ = (60 𝑚/𝑠)2 (
1000 𝑚2 /𝑠2
= 1.8 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔

𝑊 = 𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ = 𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ
1𝑘𝑊
= (120 𝑘𝑔/𝑠)(1.8 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔)(1𝑘𝐽/𝑠)
𝑊 = 216 𝑘𝑊