METEOROLOGICAL IMPACT ON

HIGH OZONE FORMATION IN

THE CITY OF JAKARTA

Nawal Fairuz Dinan

252020035

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
CONTENTS
Chapter I : Introduction
Chapter II : Meteorological Factors
Chapter III : Impact on ozone formation
Chapter IV : Conclusions
References
Meteorological impact on
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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION
All data that been used are based on research in 2008 by Dr. Eng. Didin Agustian Permadi, S. T.,
M.Eng. and Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh with the topic “Episodic ozone air quality in Jakarta in
relation to meteorological conditions”. The article itself mainly discussed about how certain
meteorological condition (etc. wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, and
global radiation) can effect the air quality especially on high ozone formation in the city.
According to its research that O3 was analyzed using hourly monitoring data during January
2002 until March 2004 – from five automatic monitoring stations operated by JEPA (Jakarta
Environmental Protection Agency).
 Chapter II

METEOROLOGICAL
FACTORS
Meteorological impact on
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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta

WHAT ARE THE FACTORS?

WIND SPEED RELATIVE GLOBAL TEMPERATURE RAINFALL

AND DIRECTION HUMIDITY RADIATION INTENSITY

1 2 3 4 5
 Chapter III

IMPACT ON OZONE
FORMATION
Meteorological impact on
High ozone formation in the city of jakarta
WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS?
WIND SPEED AND
DIRECTION
• During the dry season
(September-November), the
wind speed can go lower
approximately from 1-1.6 m s-1
• The conditions could enhance
formation and accumulation of
ozone over the city.
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RELATIVE HUMIDITY GLOBAL RADIATION
• The lowest monthly O3 are • The highest ozone was in
detected in January- October, which is the middle of
February period with dry season, thus the value of
averaged values of 16-24 ozone itself were high : 39 ppb
ppb. in 2002 and 37 ppb in 2003.
• Relative Humidity are also • Meanwhile, daytime hourly
increase since it coincides average global radiation was
with the rainy season. around 305-374 W m-2
Meteorological impact on
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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta

WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS?

TEMPERATURE RAINFALL INTENSITY

• During high rainfall, a
• Higher temperature are lower temperature and
detected in the middle of generally higher wind
dry season (around 28–29 speed can occur.
degree Celsius). • A better atmospheric
• The highest ozone mixing condition in the
accumulation are also wet season (at least higher
detected on that period, wind speed) somewhat
especially in October. lower ambient pollutants
concentrations, including
ozone.
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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta

METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR EPISODIC HIGH AND

LOW O3 DAYS

Refe re nc e s : Pe rmadi and Oanh (2008)

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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta

WHAT THE TABLE HAS SHOW US?

• On the episode days (ozone were higher), the daily average relative humidity (RH) was lower than the
monthly means, while maximum hourly global radiation (GR) and temperature were higher.
• In contrast, during the low ozone days in February the RH were higher than the February monthly
mean and some light rain was also observed.
• On April 24 the average wind was very low as compared to the monthly average indicating the
stagnant air in the city which may explain the extremely high maximum ozone recorded.
• During the ozone episode of 13-14 May 2002, the E-SE synoptic flow was observed over the study area.
• On contrary, in February, i.e. in the rainy season, the NW synoptic flows (NW monsoon) dominate.
• A weak pressure gradient over the Java Island, especially during April episode, was observed. This
would result in the low wind condition leading to the stagnant air that favors the build-up of air
pollution including ozone in the city
• On the days with low O3 in February the study area was influenced by a strong low pressure system,
centered over Australia, and strong pressure gradient over Jakarta was observed.
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High ozone formation in the city of jakarta 11

Chapter IV

CONCLUSIONS
High O3 levels in Jakarta are strongly link to favorable meteorology
conditions, like in dry and wet seasons (effect the wind speed and
direction, relative humidity, global radiation, temperature, and rainfall
intensity). In addition, a weak pressure gradient is commonly
observed over the city on high ozone days. It limits horizontal air
motion and enhances the build-up of ozone it’s precursors. The
presence of a high pressure in Indonesia is normally observed during
high ozone days while the influence of a low pressure is observed on
low ozone days.
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REFERENCES
Permadi, D. A., & Oanh, N. T. K. (2008). Episodic
ozone air quality in Jakarta in relation to meteorological
conditions. Atmospheric Environment, 42(28), 6806-
6815.
THANK YOU
Nawal Fairuz Dinan
nawal.fairuz@mhs.itenas.ac.id