Course

Course
Packet LM01-ICT CO
LM01-ICTCO
Packet

02-d
02D

Learning Module

Computer Fundamental
Course Packet 2D

Basic Logic Gates

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Knowledge Area Code : ICT

Course Code : ICTCO
Learning Module Code : LM-ICT
Course Packet Code : LM-ICTCO-02D

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Course Packet 02D

BASIC LOGIC GATES

Introduction

The Digital Logic Gate is the basic building block from which all digital electronic circuits and
microprocessor based systems are constructed from. Basic digital logic gates perform logical
operations of AND, OR and NOT on binary numbers.

In digital logic design only two voltage levels or states are allowed and these states are generally
referred to as Logic “1” and Logic “0”, or HIGH and LOW, or TRUE and FALSE. These two states
are represented in Boolean Algebra and standard truth tables by the binary digits of “1” and “0”
respectively.
Objectives

Describe the action of logic gates.

• AND, OR, NAND, NOR, NOT,

• Using Boolean expressions.

• Using truth tables.

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Understand the use of universal gates.

• NAND.

• NOR.

Learning Management System

Duration

∙ Topic 02D: Basic Logic Gates = 1 hour

( 1 hour Reporting/ Lecture,/ assessment)

Delivery Mode
Asynchronous ( Google Classroom)

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Assessment with Rubrics

Requirement with Rubrics

Lesson Proper
Nowadays, computers have become an integral part of life as they perform many tasks and operations in
quite a short span of time. One of the most important functions of the CPU in a computer is to perform
logical operations by utilizing hardware like Integrated Circuits, electronic circuits and software
technologies. But, how these hardware and software perform such operations is a mysterious puzzle. In
order to have a better understanding of such a complex issue, we must have to acquaint ourselves with the
term Boolean Logic, developed by George Boole. For a simple operation, computers utilize binary digits

rather than digital digits. All the operations are carried out by the Basic Logic gates.

NOT Gate – Inverter

The NOT gate is an electronic circuit that produces an inverted version of the input at its output. It is also
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known as an inverter. If the input variable is A, the inverted output is known as NOT A. This is also
shown as A', or A with a bar over the top, as shown at the outputs.

AND Gate

The AND gate is an electronic circuit that gives a high output (1) only if all its inputs are
high. A dot (.) is used to show the AND operation i.e. A.B. Bear in mind that this dot is
sometimes omitted i.e. AB

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The OR gate is an electronic circuit that gives a high output (1) if one or more of its inputs are high. A
plus (+) is used to show the OR operation.

This is a NOT-AND gate which is equal to an AND gate followed by a NOT gate. The outputs of all NAND
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gates are high if any of the inputs are low. The symbol is an AND gate with a small circle on the output.
The small circle represents inversion.

NAND Gate

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This is a NOT-OR gate which is equal to an OR gate followed by a NOT gate. The outputs of all NOR
gates are low if any of the inputs are high.

The symbol is an OR gate with a small circle on the output. The small circle represents inversion.

References

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/basics_of_computers/basics_of_computers_number_system_co
nversion.htm

http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Projects/Labview/gatesfunc/#orgate

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Activity Sheet
Find the output of the following: Sketch the gates and write the Truth table

If A= 1 B =0

1. 2 NOT gates, 1 AND gate , 1 OR gate

2. 2 AND gates , 1 NOR gate

3. 1 NOR gate, 2 AND gate

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Assessment

1. What is the only set of input conditions that will produce a LOW output for any
OR gate?

2. What is the only input combination that will produce a HIGH at the output of a
five-input AND gate? What logic level should be applied

3. What logic level should be applied to the second input of a two input AND gate
if the logic signal at the first input is to be inhibited(prevented) from reaching the
output?

4. True or false: An AND gate output will always differ from an OR?
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Assignment

1. What is Software?

2. Discuss different type of software

3. List down the functions of software

4. Explain the virus protection software

5. What is a multiprogramming
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Learning Module: Computer Fundamental 23