IDKD 7 RLZHC

ICK 7 =<3:3204?

^AHGDR 7 GLIL^AIPA 2
P\ODZ : ^HR  

Fdtcmdi \gc Hakpltlisc :

Ia Zadf Zhar

4. Budtfdm fdpardi didfcscs ydio blrcsc mdscf didfcscs ydio `cfdhuhdi Zdu`drd
 gchd ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp `cgd`chdi
`cgd `chdi ka`lf plkblfdgdrdi ydio `dpdt
`couidhdi sddt cic. Fdpardi tlrslbut `cbudt `liodi hltlitudi slbdodc
blrchu.
4. Kliolkuhdhdi pli`dpdt prcbd`c 2>
2. Plr`dpdt sukbl
sukblrr blrctd ydio kli`uhuio (kc
(kcickdf
ickdf 2) `dpdt `cdkbcf
4>
`drc kl`cd jltdh dtdu lflhtraich (blrctd `drc citlrilt)
:. Plr`dpdt blblrdpd tlarc pli`uhuio ydio kli`uhuio (kcickdf <
2>
tlarc)
4>
0. Kliglfdshdi tlarc tlrslbut
<. Kliodkbcf hlsckpufdi 2<
5. Klfdkpcrhdi sukb
sukblr
lr rlelrlisc `d
`drc
rc mdscf tlarc `di bl
blrctd
rctd (kcickdf ?
4>
rlelrlisc)
?. Pdtd tufcs rdpc `di ku
ku`dm
`dm `
`cpdmdkc
cpdmdkc < 
Zhar Patdf 4>>

*) jarlt ydio tc`dh plrfu

G _ B I
4. ^li`dpdt prcbd`c ^HR Zlbdodc Ka`lf ^lk
^lkblfdgdrdi
blfdgdrdi

Kliurut sdyd `c C`ailscd ydio klkpuiydc wcfdydm ydio fuds `di tlr`crc `drc rcbudi
pufdu, tdh `dpdt `cmci`drc d`diyd plrkdsdfdmdi pliylbdrdi `di plrkdsdfdmdi
plrbl`ddi blblrdpd mdf. Bloctu guod `dfdk systlk pli`c`chdi hctd, kcsdfiyd `dfdk
pliylbdrdi
pliylbdrdi ouru Z@.

Zystlk pli`c`chdi hctd blfuk kdkpu kliylbdrhdi ouru Z@ sljdrd klrdtd hl slodfd
pliguru wcfdydm `c tdidm dcr. Dhcbdtiyd kdscm tlrgd`c hlhurdiodi ouru Z@ sljdrd fahdf
`ckdid-kdid, tlrkdsuh `c ^dpud kdscm kliodfdkc kdsdfdm hlhurdiodi ouru Z@
slhctdr 0>>> ardio. @dfdk kdsdfdm plrbl`ddi hudfctds mdscf blfdgdr, pd`d ukukiyd
 

kurc` Z@ `c hatd hatd blsdr gdum flbcm bdch `cbdi`ciohdi `liodi klrlhd ydio blrd`d `c
`dlrdm, tlrutdkd `c `dlrdm ydio tlrplijcf dhcbdt hlhurdiodi ouru, kuiohci sdgd dhdi
klidkbdm d`diyd plrbl`ddi cic. Zdfdm sdtu updyd uituh kliodtdsc hlhurdiodi ouru
`c blblrdpd Z@ `c Ci`ailscd d`dfdm `liodi plilrdpdi ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds
Rdiohdp(^HR) idkui `lkchcdi kliodgdr `liodi klrdiohdp hlfds buhdi blrdrtc
klrupdhdi pliylbdb tlrgd`ciyd hurdio bdchiyd hudfctds mdscf blfdgdr. Kuiohci mdf cic
`chdrlidhdi hctd blfuk klilkuhdi tlhich ydio tlpdt uituh klfdhuhdi ^HR
plkdmdkdi ydio bdch tlitdio ^HR aflm ouru kdupui jdfai ouru `cmdrdphdi dhdi
kdkpu klfdhsdidhdi
klfdhsdidhdi plkblfdgdrdi ^HR `liodi lelhtce `di lecscli, slmciiod d`d
dioodpdi bdmwd ^HR klrupdhdi sudtu kdsdfdm ydio sufct uituh `cdtdsc. Idkui, gustru
`csd`drc bdmwd ^HR d`dfdm sudtu tditdiodi `di hliydtddi ydio mdrus `cmd`dpc
slbdodc tuods ouru.
@dfdk ^HR flbcm b
bdiydh
diydh kli
kliuitut
uitut scswd blfdgdr kdi`c
kdi`crc
rc `di haitls
haitlstudf,
tudf, slmciood
sljdrd tc`dh fdiosuio citlrdhsc ditdrd scswd ydio bdch `di citlisce dhdi klkblituh
hdrdhtlr scswd ydio pasctce.hdfdu `chdcthdi `liodi cpflklitdsc hurchuuk 2>4: ydio
klilhdihdi pd`d pli`lhdtdi tlkdtch, ^HR cic tdkpdhiyd jajah `ctlrdphdi.
^lkblfdgdrdi Plkdtch klrupdhdi pli`lhdtdi plkblfdgdrdi ydio kliocitlordschdi
blrbdodc hakpatlisc `drc blrbdodc kdtd plfdgdrdi, pliocitlordscdi tlrslbut `cfdhuhdi
`dfdk `ud md
mdf,
f, ydctu ccitlordsc
itlordsc schdp, hlkdkpu
hlkdkpudi
di / hltl
hltlrdkpcfdi
rdkpcfdi `
`di
di pli
plioltdmudi
oltdmudi
`dfdk prasls plkblfdgdrdi slrtd pliocitlordscdi blrbdodc haislp `dsdr ydio
blrhdctdi. Aflm hdrlid ctu ^HR kdscm kligd`c safusc `di pcfcmdi ouru kdupui slhafdm
uituh sddt cic `lkc tlrjdpdciyd tugudi plkblfdgdrdi.

2. Zukblr Blrctd Zlb

Zlbdodc
dodc ^li`uhuio @cplrfuhdiiyd ^HR
 

 
 

:. Plarc ^li`uhui
^li`uhuio
o ^lfdhsdiddi ^HR
  ^d`d `dsdriyd, ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp d`dfdm plioodbuiodi slhlfakpah
scswd ydio klkpuiydc plrbl`ddi uscd, hlkdkpudi, kcidt, `di tciohdtdi hlfds,
`ckdid `chlfafd aflm slardio ouru dtdu blblrdpd ouru ydio `dfdk
`dfd k plkblfdgdrdiiyd
`ceahushdi pd`d hlkdgudi ci`cvc`udf pdrd scswd (Erdihfci, 435?).
  Idkui `lkchcdi slfdci `lecicsc tlrslbut, d`d slbdocdi prdhtcsc pli`c`chdi
klkbl`dhdi `lecicsc `drc kuftcord`l
kuftcord`l `liodi
 `liodi kuftcdol
kuftcdol hdrlid
 hdrlid plrbl`ddi tugudiiyd.
Zlplrtc ydio `chlkuhdhdi aflm Lfhci` (43=?), bdmwd cstcfdm kuftcord`l   `c kdid
kuftcord`l
hlfds ydio blrblituh slplrtc ctu dhdi blrcsc pdrd scswd `drc 2 dtdu flbcm tciohdtdi
hlfds `liodi sdtu ouru `c rudiodi ydio sdkd pd`d sudtu wdhtu. ^drd scswd `c
hlfds tlrslbut tltdp klioouidhdi hurchufuk ydio splscech uituh tciohdtdi hlfdsiyd
sli`crc `di `lkchcdi pufd `liodi tciohdt hlsuhdrdi tlsiyd pui `cslsudchdi `liodi
tciohdtdi hlfds klrlhd. @liodi `lkchcdi, hlfcmdtdi bdmwd hlfds kuftcord`l
kuftcord`l   dtdu
plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp ka`lf ctu `cd`dhdi uituh dfdsdi d`kcicstrdsc `di
lhaiakc. Zlplrtc mdfiyd ydio tlrgd`c `c slhafdm-slhafdm `dlrdm tlrplijcf `c
Ci`ailscd bdiydh ouru ydio klrdiohdp hlfds hdrlid klkdio tc`dh d`d tlidod
ouru buhdi hdrlid tugudi dtdu dfdsdi pli`c`chdi. Fdci mdfiyd `liodi cstcfdm
kuftcdol ydio kliodju pd`d prdhtlh plkblfdgdrdi hl`ud tciohdtdi uscd `di hlfds
ydio sliodgd `cjdkpur hdrlid hlplitciodi tugudi pli`c`chdi ydio `cciocihdi.
@liodi `lkchcdi, tlfdm tlrgd`c plrolslrdi plioouiddi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp
ydio d`d `c `dlrdm tlrplijcf mciood blrhlkbdio kligd`c plkblfdgdrdi hlfds
rdiohdp ydio `crdijdio sljdrd scstlkdtcs uituh dfdsdi pliciohdtdi lelhtcvctds
plkblfdgdrdi `c hlfds. Bcsd sdgd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp ydio `ufu
`cfdhsdidhdi kdscm blrblituh pliolfafddi hlfds trd`cscaidf `c kdid pliodturdi
tlkpdt `u`uh slfurum scswd kliomd`dp hl drdm pdpdi tufcs `c `lpdi hlfds, `c kdid
ouru `liodi ku`dm `dpdt klioaitraf slfurum scswdiyd. Idkui `lkchcdi, slplrtc
`cutdrdhdi `c dtds, hdrlid d`diyd plrolslrdi plkchcrdi slmciood kuijuf blituh-
blituh bdru plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp, klkbudt pliodturdi tlkpdt `u`uh `c
hlfds kliylbdr. Blrchut sdfdm sdtu jaitam pliodturdi tlkpdt `u`uh pd`d
^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp. 
Rdiohdp.  
  Fdfu bdodckdid `liodi pliodturdi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp1 Sdtls (2>>>)
kliolkuhdhdi bdmwd `liodi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp, `c kdid pdrd scswd
bcsd tcioodf `c hlfds `liodi sdtu ouru `dfdk flbcm `drc sdtu tdmui, klkbudt
mubuiodi ditdrd pdrd scswd, ouru, `di ardiotud kligd`c `lhdt. Klrlhd klkpuiydc
rdsd plrjdyd, rdsd dkdi, `di lidh sdtu `liodi ydio fdci, slmciood prasls
plkblfdgdrdi `dpdt `cfdhuhdi `liodi iydkdi. Mdf tlrslbut wdgdr, hdrlid ka`lf
plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp slplrtc ctu `c kdid 2 dtdu : tciohdtdi d`d `dfdk sdtu
 

hlfds `liodi sdtu dtdu blblrdpd ouru kliodgdr sljdrd tck tc`dh kliolidf cstcfdm
idch hlfds dtdu tcioodf hlfds.
  Idkui `lkchcdi, kliurut Zurydi (2>>>) tlriydtd pli`lhdtdi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds
rdiohdp bcsd `couidhdi uituh hlfds trd`cscaidf, `c kdid mdiyd tlr`dpdt
plkblfdgdrdi sdtu tciohdtdi hlfds sdgd. Mdf cic `csd`drc bdmwd slblidriyd pd`d
hlfds trd`cscaidf, guod blrcschdi pdrd scswd ydio klkpuiydc blrbdodc tciohdtdi
hlkdkpudi `di kuiohci uscd, slmciood lslisc plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp tltdp
`dpdt `couidhdi uituh hlfds trd`cscaidf slmciood prciscp-prciscp plkblfdgdrdi hlfds
rdiohdp bcsd `ctlrdphdi. 
`ctlrdphdi.  
  Plr`dpdt blblrdpd dfdsdi hlidpd tlrgd`ciyd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp. @gdfcf `di
_dr`dic (433?) kliourdchdi `dfdk ka`ufiyd bdmwd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp
`cplrfuhdi hdrlid dfdsdi olaordecs, `lkaordecs, hurdioiyd ouru, tlrbdtdsiyd rudio
hlfds, `di d`diyd hltc`dhmd`crdi ouru `c hlfdsiyd hdrlid sdhct dtdu hlplrfudi
fdciiyd.
  Zlplrtc guod ydio `chlkuhdhdi Gails `c dtds, bdmwd `dmufuiyd pd`d slblfuk
tdmui 433>-di, dtdu kdfdmdi bdoc ilodrd-ilodrd slplrtc Ci`ailscd, Klxcja, Ci`cd,
bdmhdi Dustrdfcd, kdscm bdiydh `cgukpdc slhafdm ydio mdiyd klkpuiydc sdtu dtdu
`ud hlfds sdgd ydio `couidhdi blrsdkd-sdkd aflm pdrd scswd `drc blrbdodc
tciohdtdi hlfds. Mdf cic `cslbdbhdi tlkpdt tcioodf pdrd scswd ydio blrgdumdi
slmciood `lkc lelsclisc, plklrcitdm tc`dh kuiohci kli`crchdi slhafdm ydio mdiyd
klfdydic blblrdpd scswd sdgd. \ituh ctu `c`crchdiiyd slhafdm `c sudtu tlkpdt `di
scswd ydio blrgdumdi `dtdio hl slhafdm ctu, `liodi ouru ydio bcsd klfdydic
slgukfdm hljcf scswd `drc blrbdodc tciohdtdi hlfds. Dfdsdi fdciiyd, hdrlid klkdio
hlsufctdi klijdrc tlidod ouru (tlidod ouru hurdio), slmciood plklrcitdm tc`dh bcsd
klkliumc hlbutumdi pdrd scswd `c sudtu `dlrdm tlrtlitu `liodi rdsca gukfdm ouru
ydio slckbdio. Dfdsdi-dfdsdi ydio `cpdpdrhdi ctu kufdc tc`dh `cpdhdc fdoc uituh
kliolfafd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp (tlrutdkd `c ilodrd Bdrdt, sl`diohdi
blblrdpd ilodrd `c Dscd, Dklrchd fdtci, `di Ci`ailscd mciood hcic kdscm
klioouidhdi dfdsdi tlrslbut uituh d`diyd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp). 
rdiohdp).  
  Zlcrcio `liodi d`diyd rlearkdsc pd`d haislp-haislp pli`c`chdi ydio kli`uhuio
hlplitciodi plrhlkbdiodi pdrd scswd `c`ch aflm pdrd prdhtcsc `di haislptar
pli`c`chdi, `chlkbdiohdifdm haislp-haislp bdru tlitdio plfdhsdiddi
plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp `liodi blr`dsdrhdi pliolkbdiodi mdscf rcslt uituh
klijdrc dfdsdi dtdu kdieddt pli`c`chdi ydio `dpdt `cdkbcf `drc plilrdpdi
plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp. @liodi kdhci tlrbuhdiyd plkchcrdi pdrd
d`kcicstrdtar `di plkbdmdru-plkbdmdru pli`c`chdi uituh kliolhspfardsc kdieddt
 

`drc pli`lhdtdi pliolfafddi hlfds cic, kdhd `ctlkuhdi hluituiodi pli`c`chdi

ydio `cplraflm `drc plfdhsdiddi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp.
  Rc`owdy `di Fdwtai (4353) klijdtdt bdmwd, dsplh utdkd `drc kdieddt
plioouiddi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp cic d`dfdm tlrbdiouiiyd chfck
hlhlfudroddi `dfdk hlfds. Klrlhd klilkuhdi `liodi plkblfdgdrdi hlfds
rdiohdp, pdrd scswd bcsd flbcm klrdsd iydkdi `di ku`dm klilrckd plrubdmdi
hlocdtdi `di pliodfdkdi ydio `cblrchdi ouru.
  @dsdr fdciiyd `drc `couidhdiiyd plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp slplrtc ydio
`cutdrdhdi Di`lrsai `di ^dvdi (433:) bdmwd, ecfasaec `dsdr `drc plkblfdgdrdi
hlfds rdiohdp d`dfdm tlrdhaka`dsciyd hlbutumdi ci`cvc`u scswd slbdodc slardio
ydio uich `di klkbutumhdi plrfdhudi ydio blrbl`d sdtu `liodi fdciiyd uituh
bcsd klijdpdc plrhlkbdiodi ydio kdhsckuk. 
kdhsckuk.  

0. ^liglfdsdi Plarc y
ydio
dio k
kli`dsdrc
li`dsdrc ^HR
^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp (^HR) d`dfdm sdtu blituh plkblfdgdrdi ydio
klkplrsydrdthdi
klkplrsydrdthdi slardio ouru kliodgdr `dfdk sdtu rudio hlfds dtdu flbcm, `dfdk sddt
ydio sdkd `di kliomd`dpc `ud dtdu flbcm `dfdk sddt ydio sdkd `di kliomd`dpc `ud
dtdu flbcm tciohdt hlfds ydio blrbl`d. ^HR guod kliodi`uio kdhid, slardio ouru
kliodgdr `dfdk sdtu rudio hlfds dtdu flbcm `di kliomd`dpc kurc`-kurc` `liodi
hlkdkpudi blfdgdr ydio blrbl`d-bl`d.
^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp klrupdhdi ka`lf plkblfdgdrdi `liodi klijdkpur
blblrdpd scswd ydio tlr`crc `drc `ud dtdu tcod tciohdtdi hlfds `dfdk sdtu hlfds `di
plkblfdgdrdi `cblrchdi aflm sdtu ouru sdgd uituh blblrdpd wdhtu. ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds
Rdiohdp sdiodt klilhdihdi `ud mdf utdkd, ydctu hlfds `codbuio sljdrd tlrcitlordsc
`di plkblfdgdrdi tlrpusdt pd`d scswd slmciood ouru tc`dh plrfu blrfdrc-fdrc ditdrd `ud
rudio hlfds uituh kliodgdr `ud tciohdtdi hlfds ydio blrbl`d `liodi praordk ydio
blrbl`d. Idkui kurc` `drc `ud hlfds blhlrgd sljdrd sli`crc-sli`crc `crudiodi ydio
sdkd, kdscio-kdscio `u`uh `c scsc rudio hlfds ydio blfdcidi `di `cdgdrhdi praordk
ydio blrbl`d aflm sdtu ouru. ^HR d`dfdm sudtu blituh plkblfdgdrdi ydio
klisydrdthdi slardio ouru kliodgdr `dfdk sdtu rudiodi hlfds dtdu flbcm, `dfdk sddt
ydio sdkd, `di kliomd`dpc `ud dtdu flbcm tciohdt hlfds ydio blrbl`d.
@drc urdcdi `c dtds ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp (^HR) d`dfdm plrdiohdpdi tc`dh fdoc
slkdtd-kdtd `cfcmdt `drc `ud dtdu flbcm tciohdt hlfds ydio blrbl`d, tltdpc guod `dfdk
sdtu tciohdt hlfds ydio sdkd, idkui tlr`crc `drc kurc` `liodi tciohdt hlkdkpudi `di
hlkdgudi ydio blrbl`d. ^lrbl`ddi hlkdkpudi `di hlkdgudi `c ditdrd kurc` pd`d
tciohdt hlfds ydio sdkd `dpdt tlrgd`c tc`dh mdiyd `dfdk sdtu kdtd plfdgdrdi ydio sdkd,
sd kd,
tltdpc guod `dfdk kdtd plfdgdrdi ydio blrbl`d.
 

 D`d blblrdpd dfdsdi kliodpd `cd`dhdi

` cd`dhdi ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp (^HR) slbdodc
blrchut 7
d. Dfdsdi Olaordecs
Zufctiyd fahdsc, tlrbdtdsiyd sdrdid trdispartdsc, plkuhckdi ydio blrpci`dmpci`dm,
`di d`diyd kdtd plijdmdrcdi hmusus, slplrtc klidiohdp chdi, klilbdio hdyu
`di slbdodciyd, kli`araio plioouiddi ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp (^HR).

b. Dfdsdi @lkaordecs
\ituh kliodgdr kurc` `dfdk gukfdm hljcf, dpdfdoc tcioodf `c `dlrdm plkuhckdi ydio
dkdt gdrdio kdhd ^HR `cicfdc slbdodc pli`lhdtdi pliodgdrdi ydio prdhtcs.

j. Hlhurdiod
Hlhurdiodi
i Ouru
_dfdupui gukfdm ouru sljdrd hlslfurumdi klijuhupc, sufct uituh klijdrc ouru
ydio `liodi suhdjctd kliodgdr `c `dlrdm. ^rdhtch plilkpdtdi ouru tc`dh slsudc
ydio `cmdrdphdi, gdumiyd gdiohdudi ydio `ctlkpum aflm ouru ydio kliodgdr
`c`dlrdm tlrplijcf `di gukfdm ouru ydio tlrsl`cd tc`dh klijuhupc. Plrbdtdsiyd
sdrdid trdispartdsc, dfdt `di kl`cd hakuichdsc sdfdm sdtuiyd klkbudt ouru tc`dh
scdp. Blfuk fdoc mdrod hlplrfudi slmdrc-mdrc ydio gdum flbcm kdmdf `drc pd`d `c
`dlrdm plrhatddi, slklitdrd blsdriyd odgc ydio `ctlrckd tc`dh blrbl`d. @c tdkbdm
`liodi tdioodf odgcdi ydio fdkbdt `di tc`dh tlrdtur, `di tlrbdtdsiyd plfudio uituh
kli`dpdthdi pli`c`chdi `di plfdtcmdi fdigutdi, slrtd pliolkbdiodi hdrcr kdhd
fliohdpfdm su`dm hljcfiyd kcidt ouru uituh kliod`u `c `dlrdm tlrplijcf.

`. Plrbdtdsd
Plrbdtdsdiiyd
iiyd Rudio Hlfds
_dfdupui gukfdm kurc`iyd juhup blsdr, gukfdm rudio hlfds ydio tlrsl`cd gdum flbcm
hljcf `drc pd`d rakbaiodi blfdgdr. Zdfdm sdtu gdfdi uituh kliodtdsc kdsdfdm cic
d`dfdm klioodbuiohdi `ud dtdu flbcm rakbaiodi ydio `cdgdrc aflm slardio ouru,
`di tlitu sdgd ^HR `cplrfuhdi.

l. D`diyd Ouru ydio Pc`dh M

Md`cr
d`cr
 Dfdsdi cic tc`dh mdiyd blrfdhu bdoc Z@ `dlrdm tlrplijcf, `c hatd blsdr pui guod
blrfdhu. Zlplrtc `c Gdhdrtd, kuscbdm bdigcr `dpdt kliomdkbdt ouru uituh `dtdio
kliodgdr.
Ouru ydio tc`dh hlid kuscbdm dtdu blruituio hdrlid blrukdm `lhdt slhafdm, mdrus
kliodgdr hlfds ydio tc`dh d`d ouruiyd. Idkui, sddt cic pliolrtcdi ^lkblfdgdrdi
^HR `c Ci`ailscd flbcm `ctlhdihdi pd`d kliodgdr `ud dtdu flbcm hlfds ydio
blrbl`d pd`d wdhtu ydio sdkd. 4> Hdzt klilodshdi bdmwd hlfds rdiohdp
 

`cfdhsdidhdi tc`dh mdiyd hdrlid dfdsdi-dfdsdi fltdh olaordecs, hlhurdiodi kurc`,

dtdu hlhurdiodi tlidod ouru, dhdi tltdpc flbcm `drc ctu d`dfdm bdodckdid
kliciodthdi kutu pli`c`chdi klfdfuc edscfctdsc ydio tciooc bdoc plrhlkbdiodi `di
patlisc scswd. \ituh klkplrglfds hdzt kliolkbdiohdi tcod glics hlfds rdiohdp
`dfdk rdiohdp plkblfdgdrdi slbdodc blrchut 7
  Jakbcil` Ord`ls
Ord`ls,, Ka`lf plrtdkd Jakbcil` Ord`ls 
Ord`ls  dtdu guod `chdtdhdi
slbdodc Jakbcil` Jfdsslss,
Jfdsslss, `ckdid `dfdk sdtu hlfds tlr`dpdt flbcm `drc sdtu
tciohdtdi hlfds didh. Klkbdoc hlfds kligd`c blblrdpd bdocdi slsudc `liodi
tuitutdi hurchufuk uituh blblrdpd tciohdtdi dtdu mdiyd `ud tciohdtdi. 
tciohdtdi.  
  ^raorls,, Ka`lf hl`ud Jaitciuaus ^raorlls,
Jaitciuaus ^raorls ^raorlls, ka`lf cic blrupd
hlfakpah didh `liodi plijdpdcdi hurchufuk ydio tciooc `ckdid prasls blfdgdr
kliodgdr klfcmdt hlblrfdigutdi pliodfdkdi `di tciohdt plrhlkbdiodi didh,
`dfdk ka`lf cic sltcdp didh blrhlslkpdtdi uituh tlrus blrhlfdigutdi `dfdk
kliochutc sltcdp tciohdtdi hlfds slsudc `liodi fdkd slhafdm, tugudiiyd d`dfdm
sltcdp didh blrhlslkpdtdi uituh klkplraflm hluituiodi `drc plrbl`ddi ukur
`di plrbl`ddi schdp `di hlkdkpudi hltchd blfdgdr blrsdkd. 
blrsdkd. 
  Kcxl` Dol/Kuftcdol Oraupcio , Ka`lf hltcod kcxl` Dol/Kuftcdol Oraupcio ,
`ckdid prasls plkblfdgdrdi `di prdhtlh hurchufuk klkdhsckdfhdi
hluituiodi `drc blrcitlrdhsc `di blhlrgdsdk `drc blrdodk ukur. 
ukur.  
@drc urdcdi `cdtds `dpdt `chltdmuc ouru kdkpu kliolkbdiohdi patlisc ydio
`ckcfhc didh uituh blrcitlrdhsc blrsdkd `liodi tlkdi `chlfdsiyd. @c sdkpcio ctu,
scswd dhdi klkpuiydc hlblrdicdi uituh klidiydhdi slsudtu ydio klrlhd tc`dh
tdmu hlpd`d tlkdi. @drc sctu slardio ouru klkpuiydc plicfdcdi bdmwd didh
tlrslbut d`d hlkdgudi `dfdk mdf blrcitlrdhsc blrsdkd tlkdiiyd `chlfds `di guod
slardio ouru mdrus klkblrchdi hlslkpdtdi hlpd`d scswdiyd uituh blrtdiyd
kliolidc mdf ydio klrlhd tc`dh tdmu tlrutdkd kdsdfdm plkblfdgdrdi ydio sl`dio
blrfdiosuio `c `dfdk hlfds.

Fdiohdm-fdiohdm Ka`lf ^HR 

^HR 
^lilrdpdi ka`lf plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp `dfdk plkblfdgdrdi ^DC `chlfds,
kliurut Fd Cru `di Fd A`l Zdecui Drcmc `cditdrdiyd slbdodc blrchut7
d. ^d`d bdocdi pli`dmufudi 4> klict
klict plrtdkd blrchdi
blrchdi plioditdr `di
`di pliodrdmdi
`dfdk sdtu rudiodi. Ouidhdi `ud pdpdi tufcs dtdu sdtu pdpdi tufcs bdoc `ud.
Pufcshdi tapch `di mdscf blfdgdr ydio `cmdrdphdi.
b. ^d`d hlodcdtdi citc 5> klict
klict blrchutiyd tlrdphdi dilhd klta`l
klta`l ydio slsudc
uituh kdscio-kdscio hlfds. Zlfdkd hlocdtdi blfdgdr blrfdiosuio d`dhdi
plkditdpdi, bckbciodi, bdfchdi slsudc hlplrfudi.
 

j. ^d`d hlocdtdi
hlocdtdi pliutup 4> klict
klict tlrdhmcr blr`crcfdm `c `lpdi
`lpdi hlfds kliomd`dpc
hl`ud hlfds uituh kliod`dhdi rlvcu dtds kdtlrc `di hlocdtdi ydio bdru
blrfdhu.

Kliurut \`ci _cidtdputrd fdiohdm-fdiohdm plioouiddi ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds

Rdiohdp d`dfdm 7
d. ^d`d hlocdtdi
hlocdtdi pli`dmufudi, flbcm hurdio
hurdio 4> klict plrtdkd, ouru
ouru klkblrchdi
plioditdr `di pliodrdmdi `dfdk sdtu rudiodi. Ouidhdi `ud pdpdi tufcs dtdu
sdtu pdpdi tufcs `cbdoc `ud. Pufcshdi tapch `di mdscf blfdgdr ydio `cmdrdphdi `drc
hlfds CCC `di hlfds CU. Chutc fdiohdm-fdiohdm uituh kdscio-kdscio hlfds ydio
dhdi`ctlkpum slfdkd plrtlkudi.
b. ^d`d hlocdtdi citc
citc 4, 2, :, flbcm hurdio 5> klict, tlrdphdi dilhd
dilhd klta`l ydio
slsudc `liodi tugudi uituh kdscio-kdscio hlfds. Zlfdkd hlocdtdi blrfdiosuio
d`dhdi plkditdpdi, bckbciodi, bdfchdi slsudc `liodi hlplrfudi. Ouidhdi
hltlrdkpcfdi `dsdr kliodgdr ydio slsudc.
j. ^d`d hlocdtdi
hlocdtdi pliutup flbcm
flbcm hurdio 4> klict tlrdhmcr, blr`crcfdm `c `lpdi hlfds
kliomd`dpc hl`ud hlfds uituh kliod`dhdi rlvcu dtds kdtlrc `di hlocdtdi
ydio bdru blrfdhu. Blrchdi haklitdr `di plioudtdi slsudc hlplrfudi.
Hlku`cdi blrchdi tci`dh fdigut blrupd tuods dtdu dpd sdgd slbdodc bdmdi uituh
plrtlkudi blrchutiyd dtdu kuiohci uituh mdrc blrchutiyd.

Zl`diohdi kliurut Drcd @gdfcf ``h, prasl`ur plioouiddi ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi

Hlfds Rdiohdp d`dfdm 7
d. ^d`d hlocdtdi pli`dmufudi 4> klict plrtdkd blrchdi plioditdr `di
pliodrdmdi `dfdk sdtu rudiodi. Ouidhdi `ud pdpdi tufcs dtdu sdtu pdpdi tufcs
bdoc `ud. Pufcshdi tapch `di mdscf blfdgdr ydio `cmdrdphdi `drc hlfds CCC `di CU.
Chutc `liodi fdiohdm-fdiohdm uituh kdscio-kdscio hlfds ydio dhdi `ctlkpum
slfdkd plrtlkudi ctu => klict.
b. ^d`d hlocdtdi citc 5> klict blrchutiyd tlrdphdi dilhd klta`l ydio slsudc
slsudc
uituh kdscio-kdscio hlfds. Zlfdkd hlocdtdi blfdgdr blrfdiosuio d`dhdi
plkditdpdi, bckbciodi, bdfchdi slsudc hlplrfudi. Plrdphdi prciscp
prciscp ‛wctmctilss,
dflrtilss, `di avlrfdppcioilss‛. Ouidhdi hltlrdkpcfdi `dsdr kliodgdr ydio
slsudc.
j. ^d`d hlocdtdi
hlocdtdi pliutup 4> klict
klict tlrdhmcr blr`crcfdm `c `lpdi
`lpdi hlfds kliomd`dpc
kliomd`dpc
hl`ud hlfds uituh kliod`dhdi rlvcu dtds kdtlrc `di hlocdtdi ydio bdru
blrfdhu. Blrchdi haklitdr `di plioudtdi slsudc hlplrfudi. Zltlfdm ctu blrchdi
 

tci`dh fdigut blrupd tuods dtdu dpd sdgd slbdodc bdmdi uituh plrtlkudi
blrchutiyd dtdu kuiohci guod uituh mdrc blrchutiyd.
@drc blblrdpd pli`dpdt `c dtds kdhd `dpdt `csckpufhdi bdmwd fdiohdm-fdiohdm
plioouiddi ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp d`dfdm 7
4. @drc tcod pli`dpdt `cdtds klkpuiydc hlsdkddi fdiohdm-fdiohdm `dfdk
klilrdphdi ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp.
2. Kdtlrc ydio `csdkpdchdi ouru mdrus klkpuiydc hlsdkddi kdtlrc dtdu
blrhlscidkbuiodi
blrhlscidkbuiodi dodr plkblfdgdrdi tlrjdpdc.
:. Zlblfuk plkblfdgdrdi `ckufdc
`ckufdc ouru mdrus kliuiguh sdfdm sdtu scswd uituh
kli`lkaistrdschdi kdtlrc ydio dhdi `cplfdgdrc. Hlku`cdi sltlfdm scswd ydio
tlfdm kdgu dtdu ydio tlfdm kli`lkaistrdschdi kdtlrc `cd kliuiguh sdfdm sdtu
tlkdiiyd uituh kli`lkaistrdschdi dpd ydio tlfdm cd prdhtlhdi `c `lpdi
hlfds.
0. Zltlfdm ctu ouru
ouru kliod`dhdi lvdfudsc
lvdfudsc tlrmd`dp
tlrmd`dp plkblfdgdrdi ydio
ydio tlfdm slflsdc
slflsdc
`csdkpdchdi hlpd`d scswdiyd, `di guod ouru klkblrchdi hlslkpdtdi hlpd`d
plslrtd `c`ch uituh blrtdiyd dpd ydio blfuk `ckliolrtc aflm scswd, sltlfdm ctu
ouru klkblrchdi tuods rukdm ydio dhdi `chlrgdhdi aflm scswdiyd.

Hlflbcmdi `di Hlflkdmdi Ka`lf ^HR 

^HR 
Kliurut _dr`mdic, COH `dfdk buhuiyd Mdhchdt ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp
kliglfdshdi bdmwd 7
Hlflbcmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 
224 
 
 Hlocdtdi pli`dmufudi `di pliutupdi kdscio-kdscio hlfds `dpdt `cfdhuhdi
sljdrd blrsdkd-sdkd `dfdk rudiodi ydio dhdi `couidhdi uituh
plkblfdgdrdi.
 
 Pc`dh klkbudio wdhtu tlrfdfu bdiydh `dfdk plkblfdgdrdi, slbdb `ud hlfds
klfdhuhdi plkblfdgdrdi `dfdk sdtu rudiodi blrsdkd-sdkd.
 
 Ouru ku`dm `dfdk klfdhuhdi plkditdudi tlrmd`dp scswd slfdkd
plkblfdgdrdi blrfdiosuio.
 
 Kliomlkdt tlidod ouru hdrlid tc`dh plrfu blrpci`dm-pci`dm rudiodi.
 
 Klkbcid plrsdmdbdtdi ditdr hlfds.
 
 Ouru flbcm hrldtce `dfdk klrdijdio plkblfdgdrdi dodr tltdp tlrjcptd chfck hlfds
ydio kliylidiohdi.

Hlflkdmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 

224  
 
 Zcswd tc`dh `dpdt eahus `liodi dpd ydio sl`dio `cplfdgdrc dtdu `chlrgdhdi
hdrlid tlrodioou aflm dhtcvctds hlfds fdci.
 

   Pc`dh slkud ouru klkcfchc hlkdkpudi kliolfafd scswd mltlraoli `dfdk

rudiodi ydio sdkd.
   Blrtdkbdmiyd plhlrgddi d`kcicstrdtce, plhlrgddi dhd`lkch, plfdydidi `di
tdioouio gdwdb ouru tlrmd`dp scswd hdrlid ouru kliodgdr hlfds rdiohdp.

Kliurut Olil F _cfhcisai `dfdk buhuiyd Kl`cd `dfdk ^lkblfdgdrdi klkdpdrhdi

bdmwd 7
Hlflbcmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 
224  
   Ouru dtdu tck kliolfafd pdrd scswd `drc 2 tciohdtdi hlfds ydio blrbl`d, `liodi
eahus 2 kdtd plfdgdrdi bdch ydio sdkd dtdu blrbl`d `dfdk 4 rudiodi.
   Ka`lf cic bcsd lelhtce dpdbcfd gukfdm scswd ydio tlr`crc `drc 2 tciohdtdi hlfds
tlrslbut tc`dh tlrfdfu bdiydh (kdhsckuk 2< scswd uituh kdscio-kdscio tciohdtdi
hlfds) `liodi sudtu rudiodi ydio juhup fuds.
   @liodi plkblfdgdrdi tlrpd`u ka`lf tlrgdfdi dtdu tlkd, ouru bcsd
kliolkbdiohdi 2 kdtd plfdgdrdi `liodi tapch ydio sdkd dtdu blrhdctdi
klfdfuc slbudm tlkd ydio klidrch.

Hlflkdmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 

224 
   Gchd Zcswd `dfdk 4 hlfds gukfdmiyd flbcm `drc 2< scswd kdhd hlfds ^HR mdrus
`cbdoc kligd`c 2 hlfds.
   Gchd ouru klioouihdi ka`lf cic, ouru mdrus kliycdphdi `ud hlfds plkblfdgdrdi
hlfds rdiohdp ka`lf 224, `di klkljdm kdscio-kdscio `ud tciohdtdi hlfds ydio
dhdi `cjdkpur kligd`c 2 slmciood rudiodi tc`dh tlrfdfu plium, `di dhdi
kliodhcbdthdi plkblfdgdrdi
plkblfdgdrdi tc`dh lelhtce.
   hdrlid d`d 2 hlfds plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp ka`lf 224 cic, kdhd ouru ydio
mdrus kliolfafdiyd pui mdrus `ud ardio ouru dtdu `ud tck ouru.

Kliurut Zuscfawdtc `dfdk buhuiyd ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp kliglfdshdi

bdmwd7
Hlflbcmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 
224  
   ^lslrtd `c`ch klkpuiydc
klkpuiydc hljli`lruiodi
hljli`lruiodi uituh kliolkbdiohdi
kliolkbdiohdi hlbcdsddi
blhlrgd sljdrd ci`lpli`li `di hltlrdkpcfdi blfdgdr sli`crc.
hlfakpah `cditdrd pdrd scswd ydio blrbl`d uscd `di tciohdtdi klkpuiydc
hljli`lruiodi
hljli`lruiodi blrhlkbdioiyd ltchd, hlpl`ufcdi tdioouio gdwdb hlfakpah.
   ^lslrtd `c`ch kliolkbdiohdi
kliolkbdiohdi schdp pasctce
pasctce tlitdio
tlitdio sdfcio klkbditu sdkd ydio
fdci.
 

   ^drd scswd ydio blfdgdr `dfdk hlfds rdiohdp dhdi flbcm blrhlkbdio `liodi
plrpd`udi ditdrd strdtloc plkblfdgdrdi hlfds rdiohdp, plkblfdgdrdi haaplrdtce,
hlfakpah ydio blrdodk, tuods-tuods ydio kliuigdio plrhlkbdiodi,
pli`lhdtdi tutar kuftcuscd, wdhtu ydio fuwls `di lvdfudsc ydio pasctce.

Hlflkdmdi Ka`lf ^HR 224 

224 
   Hltlrbdtdsdi blrbdodc sukblr blfdgdr uituh kliuigdio plfdhsdiddi
plkblfdgdrdi tlrutdkd ydio blrupd buhu-buhu tlhs, bdmdi blfdgdr ydio fdciiyd
`di dfdt bditu kliodgdr.
   Gchd Zcswd `dfdk hlfds gukfdmiyd flbcm `drc 2< scswd kdhd hlfds ^HR mdrus
`cbdoc kligd`c 2 hlfds.
   Pc`dh slkud ouru klkcfchc hlkdkpudi kliolfafd scswd mltlraoli `dfdk
rudiodi ydio sdkd.
@drc urdcdi `c dtds ka`lf cic klkcfchc hlflbcmdi `di hlhurdiodi, hlflbcmdi ka`lf cic
d`dfdm `dpdt kliciohdthdi hldhtcpdi scswd, uituh blhlrgdsdkd `liodiditdrd
tciohdt hlfds ydio blrbl`d `dfdk sdtu rudiodi ydio sdkd, `di guod klfdtcm scswd
dodr blrdic uituh blrtdioouio gdwdb tlrmd`dp hlfakpah ydio `clkbdiiyd,
`di hlflkdmdi `drc ka`lf cic ydctu tc`dh slkud scswd klkpuiydc hlblrdicdi uituh
kliolkbdiohdi patlisc ydio d`d `c`dfdk `crc scswd tlrslbut, `csdkpcio ctu tc`dh
slkud ouru bcsd kliolkbdiohdi hlkdkpudi uituh kliolfafd scswd ydio
mltlraoli `dfdk rudiodi ydio sdkd.

^rciscp-^rciscp ydio Kli`dsdrc ^HR

^rciscp-prciscp `dfdk ^HR d`dfdm hltlitudi  ‚
 ‚   hltlitudi ukuk ydio hmusus
klkdi`u `di kliodrdmhdi pchcrdi `di plrcfdhu ouru `dfdk kliychdpc `di
kliolfafd plkblfdgdrdi. ^HR slplrtc plkblfdgdrdi pd`d ukuk klkcfchc prciscp
ukuk bdch ydio blrscedt pschafaocs- pl`doaocs kdupui `c`dhtch-klta`ch.
Zl`diohdi ydio blrscedt pschafaocs-pl`doaocs d`dfdm ydio blrhliddi `liodi
plrubdmdi plrcfdhu scswd, sl`diohdi ydio blrscedt `c`dhtch-klta`ch d`dfdm ydio
blrhliddi `liodi strdtloc dtdu prasl`ur plkblfdgdrdi. Blblrdpd prciscp ukuk
pschafaocs-pl`doaocs
pschafaocs-pl`doaocs ditdrd fdci 7
   ^lrbl`ddi ci`cvc`udf didh `dfdk plrhlkbdiodi haoictce, schdp, `di plrcfdhu
kliuitut plrfdhudi plkblfdgdrdi ydio jajah `liodi tciohdtdiiyd. Kcsdf,
plrfdhudi tlrmd`dp scswd hlfds CCC tlitu mdrus blrbl`d `liodi plrfdhudi
tlrmd`dp scswd hlfds CU. ^d`d tciohdt uscd hlfds CCC prasls blrechcr haiohrct
flbcm `akcidi, sl`diohdi scswd hlfds CU su`dm kufdc `dpdt blrechcr dbstrdh.
 

  Katcvdsc sdiodt `cplrfuhdi `dfdk blfdgdr bdch ydio `dtdio `drc `crc scswd dtdu
‛katcvdsc cistrcisch‛ kdupui ydio `dtdio `drc fudr `crc scswd dtdu katcvdsc
cistruklitdf. Aflm hdrlid ctu plkblfdgdrdi mdrus `cdwdfc `liodi kliukbumhdi
katcvdsc scswd dodr tlrdsd butum `di kdu blfdgdr. Bcfd su`dm tukbum , katcvdsc
tlrslbut plrfu `cplfcmdrd `di kdfdm `ctciohdthdi klfdfuc blrbdodc blituh
plioudtdi dtdu‛ rlciearjlklit ‛. 
‛.  
  Blfdgdr slbdodc prasls dhd`lkcs `dfdk `crc ci`cvc`u uituh klkbdioui
plioltdmudi, schdp `di hltrdkpcfdi klfdfuc trdisearkdsc pliodfdkdi. ^rasls
tlrslbut `dpdt `cpdi`dio slbdodc sudtu schfus prasls pliodfdkdi haiohrct
(jaijrltl lxplrclijl),
lxplrclijl), pliodkdtdi kli`dfdk (rlefljtcvl
(rlefljtcvl abslrvdtcai),
abslrvdtcai), plkchcrdi
(dbstrdjt jaijlptudfczdtcai),
dbstrdh (dbstrdjt jaijlptudfczdtcai), `di plrjabddi dtdu plilrdpdi sljdrd dhtce
(djtcvl lxplrcklitdtcai).
lxplrcklitdtcai).
  Blfdgdr `drc tlkdi sluscd dtdu ‖ pllr
 pllr oraup
oraup‖‖ tlrutdkd kliolidc schdp `di
hltrdkpcfdi sascdf `dpdt blrmdscf `liodi bdch klfdfuc citlrdhsc sascdf ydio
sliodgd `crdijdio.
  ‛cistrujtcaidf
^lijdpdcdi `dkpdh cistrujtcaidf dtdu ‛cistrujtcaidf leeljts‛ `di `dkpdh
leeljts‛
‛iurturdit leeljt ‛ kliuitut fciohuiodi `di sudsdid
pliocrcio dtdu ‛iurturdit sudsdid blfdgdr ydio
`crdijdio `liodi bdch aflm ouru `di tlrjcptdiyd sudsdid blfdgdr sljdrd
haitlhstudf.
Ckpflklitdsc `drc prciscp ukuk pschafaocs-pl`doaocs tlrmd`dp plkblfdgdrdi d`dfdm
kuijufiyd prciscp `c`dhtch-klta`ch slbdodc blrchut 7
  ^liodilhdrdodkdi plkblfdgdrdi dodr `dpdt klfdydic plrbl`ddi ci`cvc`udf
scswd.
  ^lkdieddtdi blrbdodc kl`cd `di sukblr blfdgdr dodr `dpdt klkbdiohcthdi,
klklfcmdrd, `di kliciohdthdi katcvdsc scswd.^lilrdpdi dilhd pli
  `lhdtdi, klta`l, `di tlhich plklbfdgdrdi ydio blrpatlisc kliodhtcehdi scswd
`dfdk hlslfurumdi schfus prasls blfdgdr.
  ^lilhdidi pd`d plijdpdcdi `dkpdh cistruhscaidf `di `dkpdh pliocrcio.
@c sdkpcio klkcfchc prciscp ukuk `c dtds, ^HR klkcfchc prciscp hmusus slplrtc
blrchut7
  Hlslrlkpdhdi hlocdtdi blfdgdr-kliodgdr
  .Hd`dr tciooc wdhtu hldhtcedi dhd`lkch.
  Haitdh pschafaocs ouru-kurc` ydio blrhlf
  Fdigutdi.^lkdieddtdi
Fdigutdi.^lkdieddtdi sukblr blfdgdr ydio lecscli.
  Blfdgdr `drc tlkdi slbdyd.
  ^lilhdidi pd`d plijdpdcdi `dkpdh cistruhscaidf `di pliocrcio.
 

<. Hlsckpufdi
Kliodgdr hlfakpah hljcf `di plrslardiodi d`dfdm blituh kliodgdr ydio
klkuiohcihdi ouru `dfdk wdhtu ydio sdkd kliomd`dpc hlfakpah hljcf `di dtdu pdrd
scswd blfdgdr sljdrd plrslardiodi. Blituh kliodgdr `ctdi`dc aflm mubuiodi ditdr
prcbd`c ydio dhrdb ditdrd ouru `di scswd hlslkpdtdi blfdgdr scswd slsudc kcidt
`liodi hlkdkpudi,d`diyd bditudi `drc ouru, slrtd kuiohciiyd hltlrfcbdtdi scswd
`dfdk ppl rlijdiddi plkblfdgdrdi
plkblfdgdrdi.. Bdoc
Bdoc slardio ouru ^HR plioudsddi kliodgdr
hlfakpah hljcf `di plrslardiodi ctu sdiodtfdm blrouid `dfdk plioarodicsdscdi
hlocdtdi blfdgdr kliodgdr hdrlid mdhchdt hl`ud blituh pliodgdrdi cic mdkpcr sdkd.
Blrbdodc blituh plioarodicsdscdi `dfdk `couidhdi aflm ouru `dfdk klilrdphdi
pliodgdrdi hlfakpah hljcf `di plrslardiodi.idkui mdrus `cciodt bdmwd klkbutumhdi
vdrcdsc `dfdk pliodgdrdi hlfakpah hljcf `di plrslardiodi `di mdrus slsudc `liodi
tapch ydio `csdgchdi `di hlocdtdi slfdfu `cdhmcrc `liodi hufkcidsc aflm slbdb ctu
plkblfdgdrdi ka`lf ^HR sdiodt klkuiohcihdi uituh `ctlrdphdi slbdodc safusc `di
dfdt uituh klijdpdc tugudi plkblfdgdrdi `ckdid `dfdk plilrdpdiiyd kdkpu kligd`c
safusc uituh kliodtdsc blrbdodc hli`dfd ydio `cmd`dpc
`cmd`dpc tcdp tcdp
t cdp slhafdm `c `dlrdm.

5. Bdmdi Rlelrlisc
  @lp`chbu`, Hdkus Blsdr
Blsdr Bdmdsd Ci`ailscd, (Gdhdrtd
(Gdhdrtd 7 Bdfdc ^ustdhd, 2>><),
2>><), mfk. ?<4
?<4
  Prcdita, Ap, Jct., Ka`lf-Ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi Ciavdtce
Ciavdtce Blrarclitdsc Haistruhtcvcstch,
(Zurdbdyd7 ^rlstdsc ^ustdhd, 2>>?), mfk. <
  Fd Cru `di
`di Fd A`l Zdecui Drcmc, Didfcscs
Didfcscs ^lilrdpdi ^li`lhdtdi, Klta`l,
Klta`l, Ztrdtloc `di
Ka`lf-Ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi,
^lkblfdgdrdi, (Gaogdhdrtd7 Kuftc ^rlsci`a, 2>42), mfk. 5, , mfk. 443-42>
  Cskdcf Zuhdr`c. Ka`lf-Ka`lf
Ka`lf-Ka`lf ^lkblfdgdrdi Ka`lrli. (Saoydhdrtd7 Puids Olkcfdio
^rlss,2>4:), mfk. 23-:4.
  Ididio Mdiecdm `di Juju Zumdid, Haislp Ztrdtloc ^lkblfdgdrdi, (Bdi`uio7
RlechdD`ctdkd, 2>42), mfk. 04
  COH. DH. _dr`mdic, Mdhchdt ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp, Kdtlrc ^ahah
(Gdhdrtd7\icvlrsctds Plrbuhd, 2>42), mfk. 4:
  \`ci _cidtdputrd, ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp, (Gdhdrtd7 @crlhtardf Gli`lrdf
^li`c`chdi Pciooc, 2>>0), mfk. 2:
  Drcd @gdfcf
@gdfcf ``h, Ap, Jct., mfk. 2<, mfk.
mfk. 2?
  COH _dr`mdic,
_dr`mdic, Mdhchdt ^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds
Hlfds Rdiohdp, (Gdhdrtd
(Gdhdrtd 7\icvlrsctds Plrbuhd,
Plrbuhd,
2>>:), mfk. :2
  Olilf _cfhcisai, Kl`cd
Kl`cd `dfdk ^lkblfdgdrdi8 ^lilfctcdi Zlfdkd
Zlfdkd 5> Pdmui, L`csc
Ci`ailscd. (Gdhdrtd7 JU Rdgdwdfc,
Rdgdwdfc, 43=>), mfk 2=
 

  Zuscfawdtc, ^lkblfdgdrdi
^lkblfdgdrdi Hlfds Rdiohdp, (Gdhdrtd7 \icvlrsctds Plrbuhd, 2>>4),
2>>4), mfk.
2:
  Cbc`, mfk.
mfk. 20, mfk. 2?,
2?, mfk. 42?, mfk. 424