Rebualos, Lyka A.

21-MGE-01

Activity A

Instructions:

1. Using the Venn diagram below, compare and contrast the characteristics of primary and
secondary source materials. Provide an explanation for the overlapping characteristics on the
space provided.

Primary sources include Secondary sources:

materials that capture
these are usually in the
the event, such as
photographs, voice They are both form of published
recordings, and video sources of works such as journals,
recordings. It is also information articles, reviews,
considered a books, conference
and both
contemporary account of papers, and
historical
an event. and personally documentaries. It
written or narrated by an sources.
serves as an
individual who interpretation of
participated in the said
primary sources. 
event.

Primary Secondary

Explanation of overlapping concept:

Primary source it enables the researcher to get as close as possible to what actually happened during an historical
event or time period. They are also original records of a certain event by people who have actually experienced or
witnessed it. Primary sources provide a window into the past, unfiltered access to the record of artistic, social,
scientific, and political thought and achievement during the specific period under study, produced by people who
lived during that period. These unique, often profoundly personal, documents and objects can give a very real sense
of what it was like to be alive during a long-gone era. We also develop our critical thinking as students probe the
context for purpose, meaning, bias, and perspectives in their analysis of the past. Secondary sources, on the other
hand, are records based on primary sources. They explain a certain event in the past through the evaluation and
interpretation of the records created during a historical period. Secondary sources can provide analysis, synthesis,
interpretation, or evaluation of the original information. Secondary sources are best for uncovering background or
historical information about a topic and broadening your understanding of a topic by exposing you to others’
perspectives, interpretations, and conclusions. It also allows the reader to get expert views of events and often brings
together multiple primary sources relevant to the subject matter.
 2. List down eight (8) examples of primary sources
a. Diary or journal
b. Autobiographies
c. Sound recording
d. Photograph
e. Poem
f. Interviews
g. Essay by a Philosophers
h. Manuscripts

3. List down eight (8) examples of secondary sources

a. Textbooks
b. Commentaries
c. Biographies
d. Encyclopedias
e. Dissertations
f. Political commentary
g. Journals
h. Criticism or renew of literacy and creative works.

4. List down five (5) examples of sources that can either be primary or secondary, depending on the
context and use.
a. Google
b. Dictionary
c. Encyclopedia
d. Book (history book)
e. Inquire with someone you know about their area of expertise.

Activity B

B. EDSA People Power I.

Millions of Filipinos from all walks of life came together for the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution to march
along Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA), the main thoroughfare in Metro Manila, in an effort to overthrow
President Ferdinand E. Marcos’ dictatorship and usher in a new era of genuine freedom and democracy.

Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, also known as EDSA, is a restricted-access road that circles Manila, the capital city
of the Philippines.
Historical event:

1. Primary Sources:

a. Speech made by President Corazon Aquino on February 25, 1987, at the hoisting of the EDSA
flag; the speech looked impassioned because it focused mostly on their situation.
b. My Part in the 1986 People Power Revolution by Jose T. Almonte, which is mostly based on his
experiences, could have missed other EDSA Revolution events that he was not present for.
c. In Monina Allarey Mercado's book People Power, an Eyewitness History: The Philippine
Revolution of 1986 overdramatized the events of the uprising.

d. Witness to the People Power Revolution: An Interview with Sr. Mary Ann Azanza, RA – the
interview took place 30 years after the revolution, and some viewers complain that some
information has been misrepresented.

2. Secondary Sources:

a. A few details are missing, especially in the background information regarding the revolution,
in The Return of "People Power" in the Philippines: Journal of Democracy.
b. Containing opinions that go counter to how the general public remembers the EDSA
revolution, Taming People's Power: The EDSA Revolutions and Their Contradictions
c. One-sided account of the EDSA revolution that favors Filipino Christians, Power, and
Responsibility: A Filipino Christian Perspective
d. Women in Revolution: The Philippine Version is a biased account that solely emphasizes the role
that women played in the revolution.
e. Hegelian Interpretation of History: The EDSA Revolution and Freedom—single-person
interpretations of the EDSA people's power occurrences

3. Enumerate five (5) sources that do not have access to but could have been useful in understanding
your chosen historical event. Explain each your answers.

a. News or Newspaper
Newspapers can serve as useful primary sources for historical research. They reflect the time
period in which they were created and provide a glimpse into society at the time.

b. Images
One of the most useful sources, which often conveys information more quickly than a primary
document written in an unfamiliar or even a foreign language, this immediacy also works well in
the discussion section, where the shared experience of viewing a picture can provide a focus for
lively group discussion.

c. Recorded
 It is a useful source because the records of historical events reflect the personal, social, political,
or economic points of view of the participants.

d. Books
A source that can develop their own individual histories, which provides important evidence
about the way they were used and regarded in the past.  

e. Artifacts
found to learn about the past. Many ancient cultures do not have written language or did not
actively record their own history, so artifacts sometimes provide the only clues about how people
lived.