Statistics

Global

Sepsis is referred to as a global health crisis by the Global Sepsis Alliance because it affects between 47 and 50 million people every year with at least 11 million
deaths ranging from multiple different causes (Global Sepsis Alliance, n.d.). These causes can be due to microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites.
Infections and clinical deterioration such as those of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary tract, or of wounds and skin, is also a contributing factor to the statistics.
According to the World Health Organization, sepsis disproportionately affects disadvantaged groups, including infants, expectant mothers, and residents of low-resource
environments - these settings account for 85.0% of sepsis cases and sepsis-related fatalities (2020). The World Health Organization also gave the following facts: (1)
children account for nearly half of the 49 million cases of sepsis each year, often due to diarrheal diseases or lower respiratory infections which resulted in 2.9 million
deaths; (2) the third most common cause of maternal mortality is obstetric infections, which include problems after an abortion or infections after a caesarean operation
with an estimate of 11 women experience infection-related, severe organ dysfunction or death for every 1000 women giving birth and (3) Infections picked up in medical
facilities frequently lead to sepsis with nearly half (49%) of patients in intensive care units who have sepsis contracted the infection while they were hospitalized -
according to estimates, 42% of patients in intensive care units and 27% of sepsis patients in hospitals will pass away (2020).

National

The Philippines is not exempted of the significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients; however, studies on sepsis are scarce. According to
Bumanglad et. al., 1,782 patients were diagnosed with severe sepsis and septic shock from October 2007 to September 2017 in The Medical City, Pasig City alone
(2019). Sepsis is also the leading cause of mortality among medical patients in the Philippine General Hospital; among 296 admissions with infection, the mortality rate
is at 39.2% (Villanueva, et. al., 2020). The Department of Health also presented data that since 2004, neonates' bacterial sepsis has been the leading cause of infant
mortality (2013).
Objectives

General

To thoroughly understand, gain, and demonstrate extensive knowledge regarding sepsis, including its disease process, possible complications, treatment plan,
medical, and nursing interventions.

Specific
In view of this case study, the nursing student aims to apply the following merits:
1. Create a case presentation that accurately presents a thorough general assessment of the client which includes physical assessment and family history guided
by medical-surgical concepts. 
2. Evaluate the pathophysiology and etiology of the case being presented, including the role of drug therapy in managing the client related to the patient’s diagnosis.
3. Analyze the contributing factors associated in the development of the sepsis
4. Apply efficient, appropriate and proper nursing diagnosis in line with the client’s medical condition and skillfully formulate nursing care plans for the problems
identified in reference with the learned theories and concepts of the sepsis.
5. Understand the importance and appropriately apply the nursing interventions necessary for the patient’s condition
6. Remember all the data, concepts, and theories pertinent to the case being studied and exhibit mastery and tact in answering relevant questions with a positive
attitude towards criticism and suggestions during presentation.

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References
Sepsis. Global Sepsis Alliance. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2022, from
https://www.global-sepsis-alliance.org/sepsis#:~:text=Sepsis%20%2D
%20A%20global%20Health%20Crisis&text=It%20affects%20between
%2047%20and,one%20death%20every%202.8%20seconds.
World Health Organization. (2020, September 8). Who calls for global action on
sepsis - cause of 1 in 5 deaths worldwide. World Health Organization.
Retrieved November 19, 2022, from https://www.who.int/news/item/08-09-
2020-who-calls-for-global-action-on-sepsis---cause-of-1-in-5-deaths-
worldwide
Bumanglag NM, San Juan MDJ, Palo JEM. A 10-Year Longitudinal Analysis of
Protocol-Based Sepsis Management in a Philippine Tertiary ICU. Crit Care
Explor. 2019 Nov 14;1(11):e0056. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000056.
PMID: 32166240; PMCID: PMC7063961.
Philippine Health Statistics. Infant Mortality: Ten Leading Causes [internet].
Department of Health a1984-2009 [updated 2013 April 26; cited 2022
November 11] Available from:
www.doh.gov.ph/kp/statistics/infant_deaths.html
Villanueva, C. A. G., Luzano, J. R., Arcellana, A. E. S., Rivera, A. S., Ramos, E. F.
P., Torres, J. J. R., ... & Albay, A. B. (2020). Pilot Implementation and
Evaluation of the Sepsis Bundle in the Department of Medicine of the
Philippine General Hospital. In D36. INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES
ON PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (pp. A6554-A6554).
American Thoracic Society.