STA101 Lesson 3: Introduction to Stock

Market Data
3.1 - Stock Quotes
What is a Stock Quote?

● A stock quote is the price of a stock as quoted in decimals on an exchange.

● It is generally displayed with supplemental information, such as high and low prices
for a given security in a day or its change in value.
● Pricing displayed with a stock quote reflects the buying and selling activity that
influences the value of a given security.

Key Variables of a Stock Quote:

● Last Trading Price (LTP): The latest price at which shares were traded. This value
is updated live when the market is open, and/or whenever shares are traded.
● Close Price: Price of the stock at the end of the particular trading day (when the
stock exchange closes). If there is some after-market trading, close price may be
different from LTP, otherwise close price will be the same as LTP upon the market
closing.
● Previous/Yesterday's Closing Price:​ Close price of the previous trading day.
● Open Price: Price of the stock when the market opened for the particular trading
day.
● Bid:​ Represents the maximum price that a buyer is willing to pay for a share
○ The numbers following the bid price is known as the ​Bid Size​. It represents
an aggregate of how many shares are available in the market to purchase at
that price.
● Ask:​ Represents the minimum price that a seller is willing to take for that same share
○ The numbers following the ask price is known as the ​Ask ​Size​. It represents
an aggregate of how many shares are available in the market to sell at that
price.
● Day's Range: The range of prices for the particular trading day, from lowest to
highest.
● 52 Week Range: The range of prices for the last year (52 weeks), from lowest to
highest.
● Volume:​ Total number of shares traded on the particular trading day.
● Average Volume: Average number of shares traded per day over some past period -
usually 3 months.
● Market Capitalisation: Refers to how much a company is worth as determined by
the stock market. It is defined as the total market value of all outstanding shares.

STA101 (Introduction to Statistics) _Lesson Note 3_Fall 2022

Examples of Stock Quotes:

Tesla

Beximco Pharmaceuticals

STA101 (Introduction to Statistics) _Lesson Note 3_Fall 2022