ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE

SECOND STAGE
LESSON ONE
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS
• PAST TENSE OF THE VERB TO BE: I was
• ORDINAL NUMBERS: They will help us to elaborate complete dates.

First (1st) Second (2nd)

Third (3rd) Fourth (4th)
Fifth (5th) Eleventh (11th)
Twelfth (12th) Twentieth (20th)

ADVERBIAL EXPRESSIONS
Yesterday today Tomorrow
Yesterday morning Yesterday afternoon Last night
This morning This afternoon This evening
Tomorrow morning Tomorrow afternoon Tomorrow evening
Last week This week Nest week
Last month Last year A week ago
The day before yesterday The day after tomorrow

EXPRESSIONS:
What is the date today? To be born
I think so I don’t think so
So what? How so?
So do I So am I.
What do you mean by that? You don’t say!
Take it easy.

READING:
Past tense of the verb TO BE: Was, were, was, were, were, were.

ORDINAL NUMBERS

1st – first = 1°; 2nd – second = 2°; 3rd – third = 3°; 4th – fourth = 4°; 5th – fifth = 5°; 12th – twelfth = 12°; 13th –
thirteenth = 13°; 20th – twentieth = 20°; 22nd – twenty second = 22°; 23rd – twenty third = 23°; 24th – twenty fourth
= 24°; 25th – twenty fifth = 25°; 30th – thirtieth = 30°; 31st – thirty first = 31°

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Tell me all about yourself.
On the 25th of January, 1920.
I was a small, ugly baby.
I wasn’t a good student.
One day, in summer…
I was tired and sleepy.
You can’t sleep here.
I was born in Chicago.
It was winter and it was very cold.
When I was young I was lazy
My classmates were very nice.
They were reading and writing.
My teacher was angry.
You’ll be sorry. You’ll be a teacher some day!

SENTENCES:
What are the months of the year? They’re January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September,
October, November, and December.

How’s the weather here in winter? It’s cold.

How was the weather last summer? It was warm.

Which do you prefer, spring or fall? I like both of them.

When were you born?

I was born in nineteen twenty-one, on the twenty-fifth or November.

Where were you last night? I was at a birthday party.

What’s the date? It’s the fourteenth of September.

Annotations
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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON TWO

GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
PAST TENSE SIMPLE PAST

1. Regular verbs: ed

Work: ed Study: ied Play: ed

Chat: ted Prefer: red Answer: ed
Beg: ged Admit: ted Like: d

2. Irregular verbs:

Present tense Past tense Past participle

Come Came Come
Drink Drank Drunk
Be Was/were Been
Buy Bought Bought
Do Did Done
Cut Cut Cut
Eat Ate Eaten
Get Got Got/gotten
Go Went Gone
Write Wrote Written
show showed shown
3.Used to…

To use It’s no use + gerund What’s the use? (Gerund)

To be used to: to be accustomed

To be afraid (of):

4. I washed my car I had washed my car

Have + past participle = order

5. Some expressions: To have a good time

To get better and better

MORE IRREGULAR VERBS:

See SAW; hear HEARD. Speak SPOKE; give GAVE; take TOOK; put PUT; read READ; have HAD; pay PAID; sleep
SLEPT; say SAID; tell TOLD; spend SPENT; know KNEW; learn LEARNT; leave LEFT; think THOUGHT; wear WORE.

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READING:
Where did you go? It’s late we went to a party

Didn’t you go alone? No, I didn’t I had a date with Mr. Pep.

We took a taxi and got to the party at ten. He’s a nice fellow. He told

me: I heard that you are the prettiest girl and the best dancer here.

Did you see any of our friends? Yes, I did. I saw Bob.

We left early and we went to a restaurant.

I ate fish, but Mr. Pep didn’t eat.

Did you have a good time? Yes, I did. I had a very good time.

And what did you do? I wrote and I head. I didn’t go out.

SENTENCES:
What did Zip do yesterday? He did a lot of things.

He got up early, he took a bath, he ate breakfast and he went downtown. At his office he read the newspaper,
wrote some letters and drank some coffee. He worked hard, but he had a good time. Did Pepita go to downtown?
No, she didn’t. She was lazy. She didn’t get up early. She slept until noon. She didn’t leave home. She didn’t read
and she didn’t write. Did you ever go to Bahia? No, I didn’t. Well, go then!

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON THREE
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
1 – FUTURE TENSE:

WILL WILL not – won’t

Shall I? Shall we?

2 – Progressive tense = present continuous

3 – IMMEDIATE FUTURE

a) to go c) to be going to

b) to be going d) gonna

4 – MULTIPLICATIVE NUMBERS:

Once Twice Three times

Twofold Tenfold Manifold
Superiority comparative: I work two times more than you.

Expressions:

1. Once more 5. New year’s day

2. Christmas’ day 6. Relative
3. On Christmas day 7. To be related to
4. At Christmas
READING:

Spend leave hope stay swim

I’m going to the movies. What are you going to do?

I’m going to stay at home. Why don’t you go with us?

Because I’m leaving town tomorrow morning. Where are you going?

I’m going to Santos. I’ll go with you.

We’ll spend two days there. I hope the weather’s good tomorrow.

We’ll swim and take a sunbath. I hope so.

But I don’t want to spend much money. That’s right. I’ll see you tomorrow.

SENTENCES:

Tomorrow’s a holiday. Are you going to stay at home all day?

No, I’m not. I’m going to spend the weekend in Santos.

When will you leave home? I’ll leave at seven o’clock tomorrow.

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Are you going by train? No, I’m not. I’m going by bus.

Will you stay at a hotel? No, I won’t. I’ll stay with a relative of mine.

What’ll you do in Santos? I’ll swim. I’ll take sunbaths, and at night

I’ll dance. How long will you stay there?

I’ll stay two days. I’ll come back by car Sunday evening.

How often do you go to Rio? I go three or four times a year.

Well, so long. I hope you have a nice trip.

How often do you go to Santos? I go once or twice a month

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON FOUR
1. Possessive pronouns:

2.Whose?

3. Demonstrative pronouns

THE ONE THE ONES

THIS ONE THESE ONES
THAT ONE THOSE ONES

4.EXPRESSIONS:

Who else? Nothing else?

What else? Nobody else?
Anything else? Anybody else?

READING:
Do cut take a bath shave brush dress wash comb

Do you want to have breakfast with me? Yes, I do, but I have to wash my face. No,
you have to take a bath.

I don’t like a shower bath. Now, you have to shave

Here’s the safety razor. I prefer a straight razor

Careful! Don’t cut yourself. Ouch! You have to comb your hair and dress.

These pants are not mine.

They’re yours. What do I do now?

You have to brush your teeth.

SENTENCES:
I have breakfast at seven-fifteen. I don’t have lunch at eleven

What time do you have dinner? I have it at seven forty-five

Before each meal I wash my hands and comb my hair.

After each meal I brush my teeth.

What do you do before breakfast? I take a bath, shave and dress.

Do you sometimes cut yourself when you shave? Yes, I do

Is this my brush? No, it isn’t. it’s mine.

Whose ties are these? The red one’s mine and the blue one’s yours.

Whose shoes are those? The brown ones are mine and the black ones are yours.

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON FIVE
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
Some adverbs:

Almost Always Never

Sometimes Ever Often
After Before
EX: Have you ever been to Bahia?

How often? How far? How far is your home from here?

Reflexive pronouns:

Myself Yourself Himself

Herself Itself Ourselves
Yourselves Themselves
Modal verbs and their tenses:

Can Must May Should

READING:
Use wear can must should let’s may

May I come in? Yes, you may.

Can you do me a favor?
May I use your telephone?
I can’t go to this party.
Yes, I should, but I can’t.
I can’t. I don’t have a tuxedo.
Yes, but what are you going to wear?
Let’s take our umbrella.
SENTENCES:
My brother can play the piano well.
Yes, I can.
Yes, of course you may.
Why not? You should come.
I must go. Let’s go together.
You may wear mine.
I can wear my full dress suit.
It may rain.
He can’t play tennis.

Can you go shopping with me tomorrow afternoon?

My sister must stay at home this evening. She mustn’t go out.

Must you go to Rio next week? My friend should study more.

He shouldn’t play cards so much. What languages do you speak?

What instruments do you play? Let’s go to the concert this evening.

Let’s not go to a movie. May I go to the football game this afternoon?

Yes, you may, but you must get home early.

What do you use when you cut bread? I use a knife.

What do you use when you write? I use a fountain pen or pencil.

What do you wear when it’s raining? I wear a raincoat.

Do you wear shoes when you go to bed?

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON SIX
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
INDEFNITE PRONOUNS:

Some Somebody (someone) Something

Any Anybody (anyone) Anything
Any Anybody (anyone) Anything
Any Anybody (anyone) Anything
Nobody (no one) Everybody (everyone)
Nothing Everything
No
None

VERB: There to be

EXPRESSIONS:

1. How old are you? 4. Anybody’s guess

2. Nothing doing 5. Anything goes
3. Nothing like 6. There you go

SOME ADJECTIVES:

Short tall fat

Thin weak strong
Young old
What is your father like?

READING: Present tense of the verb to be

Are they Zip’s parents? Yes, they are

Zip’s their son. His mother’s short and fat.
His father’s tall and thin. They’re brother and sister
Do you have many brothers and sisters? No, we don’t.
Bu we have lots of cousins. Here’s our cousin, John.
Is John strong? No, he isn’t. He is weak.
Is he young? Yes, he is.
How old is he? He is 25 years old.
How old are you? I am 18 years old.

SENTENCES:
Is there a piano in this room? No, there isn’t.
There is a big table here, but there isn’t a piano.
How many people are there here? There are thirteen.
There are a lot of them. There aren’t any.
How much money is there in my hand? There are ten dollars.
There’s a lot of it. There isn’t any.
Are there any small children in your family? Yes, there are.

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON SEVEN
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
POSSESSIVE CASE: of-‘s

1st The page of the book 2nd Peter’s bike

3rd The bicycle is Peter’s 4th Peter and Paul’s car
5th Peter’s and Paul’s cars 6th A bicycle of Peter’s

WORDS OMITTED: Home, house, store, hotel, restaurant, shop, office, consulting room.

Example: John went to have lunch at Peter’s

EXPRESSIONS:
Today’s newspaper Tonight’s guests
The sea’s color The earth’s circumference
The sun’s rays Saturn’s ring

SOME ADJECTIVES:
Big small fast slow pretty ugly

Interesting important difficult easy glad disappointed

ADJECTIVES DEGREES:
EQUALITY COMPARATIVE as – as so – as
SUPERIORITY Short adjective er – than
COMPARATIVE Long adjective more - than
INFERIORITY Less - than
COMPARATIVE

INTRODUCTION MANNERS:
To introduce May I introduce? It’s a pleasure how do you do?

READING:
Who is this? It’s Zip’s father. It isn’t his uncle.
Who is that? It’s Pepita’s mother. It isn’t her aunt.
Are you my cousin? Yes, I am. Am I your cousin? Yes, you are.
Is he her son? Yes, he is Is she his daughter? Yes, she is.
Are you their parents? Yes, we are. Are we their children?
Yes, you are. Are they our friends? Yes, they are
Are you taller than I? No, I am not. I am shorter.
Am I older than you? No, you aren’t. You are younger.
Is he fatter than she? No, he isn’t He is thinner.
Is she bigger than he? No, she isn’t. She’s smaller.
Are we as strong as they? No, you’re not. You are weaker.
We are not so fast as they. We’re slower.
Are they as pretty as we? No, they’re not. They’re uglier.

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON EIGHT
GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
SUPERLATIVE DEGREE:

Short adjectives: the – est

Long adjectives: the – most

IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES:

Good better the best

Bad worse the worst
Much (uncountable) more the most

Ex: Who has the most money? Quem tem mais dinheiro?
Many more the most
Ex: Who has the most books? Quem tem mais livros?
Little (uncountable) less the least
Ex: Who has the least money? Quem tem menos dinheiro?
Few fewer the fewest
Ex: Who has the fewest books?
A little: um pouco A bit: um pouquinho A few: alguns.
Spelling rules
a) Big – bigger – the biggest
Fat – fatter – the fattest
Thin – thinner – the thinnest
Exceptions: gay – new – slow
b) Dry drier the driest
Ugly
Pretty
Absolute synthetic:
Over tall – altissimo
Over smart
a) More = further = mais – I have “further north – further below”
“further south – further above” “further information about”.
b) Hotter and hotter.
More and more beautiful.
c) The more – the more: The more we study the more we learn.
The more you eat the fatter you get.
The older – the fatter – the older she gets the fatter she becomes.
d) Much:
Much taller – much better
Much more beautiful.

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS: RELATIVE PRONOUNS:

Who? Whose? Whom? Who, whose, whom
What? Which? That, which

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READING: come belong say tell
Present continuous tense or Present progressive
Come here. Linda. Tell me where Pep is. He’s at home.
What’s he doing? He’s sleeping. He’s reading.
He’s getting up. He’s writing. He’s shaving.
He’s smoking. He’s dressing. He’s standing.
He’s eating. He’s opening the door. He’s drinking.
He’s going out. Why is she going out with him?
Because they’re going shopping. Whom does that car belong to?
It belongs to him. Now, they’re saying good-bye.

SENTENCES:
Come here. Tell me your name. Tell me where you live.
Tell me your telephone number. Say “vegetables”. That’s right.
Now say “children”. Thank you. Come here.
Tell me who this is. It’s Zip. What’s he doing? He’s shaving.
He isn’t taking a bath. What are you doing? I’m standing here by you.
What’s Pepita doing? She’s sitting in chair.
Are your parents sleeping? No, they’re not. They’re working.
Why is Linda sleeping? Because she’s sleepy. Why is Zip drinking?
Because he’s thirsty. Why are you eating? Because I’m hungry.
Does this book belong to him? No, it doesn’t. It belongs to her.
It isn’t his. It’s hers. Do these cigarettes belong to us? No, they don’t.
They belong to them. They’re not ours. They’re theirs.

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON NINE

GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
CONDITIONAL FORMS:
I would I’d
TENSE CORRELATION:
CONJUNCTIONS:
If whether
SOME IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS:
It takes would rather what is the matter
Would you like (3)
EXPRESSIONS:
Whether – or: I will go to Natal whether you want or not.
Whether – or: I enjoy all sports, whether football or volleyball.
Whether – or: I never know whether you are crying or not.
Either – on:
To let let's go let's not go Shall we?
Let me let bygones be bygones
DISEASES:
headache stomachache tummyache earache
1. To ask (3)
2. To feel better to feel like
To like better to look like
3. To rain it rains
It rained it’s gonna rain
It’ll rain it’s raining
READING: WOULD WOULDN’T
Hello! Who’s speaking? Zip is. This is Pep
I’d like to see you. Would you please come over here this evening?
Is there anybody in? No, there isn’t.
Would you like to come in? Mr. Pep will be back soon.
How are you Zip? There’s somebody here from the States.
Mary, this is my friend Zip. How do you do?
She’d like to go out with somebody who speaks Portuguese.
If I had time. I’d go out with her. Where would you rather go?
I’d rather go downtown.
How long does it take to go downtown from here?
SENTENCES:
Who’s sitting in this chair? Zip is. Who’s sitting in that chair?
Nobody is. No one is. Whom do you see in the living room?
I see Zip. Whom do you see in the dining room?
I don’t see anybody. I don’t see anyone.
What do you see in my left hand? I don’t see anything.
What would you like to do today? I’d like to go somewhere.
Where would you like to go? I don’t know.
If I had the chance, I’d go to Rio. If I had the money, I’d go shopping.
If I were you, I’d work harder. If the weather were good, I’d go to the beach.
If I went to the beach, I’d do swimming.

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 ENGLISH COURSE – INIEP INSTITUTE
LESSON TEN

GRAMMATICAL NOTIONS:
1. To have just (past participle)
2. Present perfect tense:
a) I have spoken English
b) I have worked every day
c) Mary has never gone to Natal

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3. Some adverbs + present perfect tense:

Since (conj.) Since Since when Recently Lately Yet
So far Up to now Already Ever Always Almost

4. How long? Há, faz quanto tempo?

How long for? Até quando? Por quanto tempo?
5. For = Há; faz
I have studied English for two years.
6. Question tag:
Special cases:
a) Order – stop walking, will you?
Don’t come in, wont you?
b) Invitation – Let’s go to Natal, shall we?
Let’s hear music, shall we?
c) I’m a nice fellow, aren’t I?
I’m going to Natal, aren’t I?
d) Everybody has consented, hasn’t he?
Someone has consented, hasn’t he?
e) That is good, isn’t it?
That makes good, doesn’t it?
7. Modal verbs:
Can Could (Educated form) To be able to
May Might To be allowed
Must Had to Have to
Ought to Ought to Have the duty to
Should Should Should
Will I will speak English a day Educated form
Will you come in?
Will you go with him?
To be supposed to Dever
Shall I, we Advice,
Suggestion
Would (conditional) I’d like to go to the beach Educated form
Would you like to open the
door?
Would you like?

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READING:

Hello, Mr. Pep! What are you doing?
I’ve got to go back to States right away.
They want to see me.
They want me to go back.
I’ve been here for five years.
I’ve had a very good time.
No, we haven’t
That’s a good idea.
It takes about eight hours.
Yes, I have. It’s very comfortable.
How much does a round trip cost by plane?
I’m packing my bags.
I’ve just had a letter from my parents.
How long have been in Brazil?
Do you like it here? Yes, I do.
Have you ever been to the States?
Would you like to come with me?
How long does it take by airplane?
Have you ever traveled by airplane?
And you? I haven’t
It costs fifty thousand.

SENTENCES:

Here are two girls. Which do you like better?

I like the one in the red dress better. I like the tall one better.
I like this one better. I like that one better.
Here are two books. Which do you like better?
I like the big one better. How long have you lived here?
I’ve lived here for three years.
I’ve lived here since two thousand and five.
How long have you studied English?
I’ve studied English for six months.
What have you just done? I’ve just eaten breakfast.
What’s Zip just done? He’s just got up.
Have you ever read this book? No, I haven’t.
Have you ever had a good time dancing? Yes, I have.
Have you ever got up early?
Have you ever slept all day?
Have you ever written a letter in English?
Have you ever been to Bahia? No, I haven’t. Well, go then.

Annotations
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 ENGLISH GRAMMAR REVIEW
LESSON ONE

Choose the correct word:

1. Neither Charles (nor/or) Ralph will read the book.
2. I doubt (if/whether) he will be able to stand it.
3. Fear (either/neither) politicians or demagogues.
4. (As/like) Heles said mathematics is very difficult.
5. Let me see (if/whether) Ingrid comes or not.
6. Richard drove his car (as/like) he were out of his mind.
7. Mrs. Smith spoke (as/like) she never spoke before.
8. (If/whether) I had a car I would go to Porto Alegre)

LESSON TWO

Insert the apostrophe and s(‘s) in the correct place.

1. Mr. Sullivan car is outside.
2. Mary book is on the desk.
3. Tommy bicycle is broken.
4. I do all my shopping in Marcy.
5. She goes to the doctor once a year.
6. The boys hats are in the closet.
7. The cat tail is long.
8. The bird singing is beautiful.

LESSON THREE
Fill in the blankets with “there is or there are”:
1. How many books________________________in the bookshelf?
2. ____________________any coffee in the coffee pot?
3. _____________________many children in the playground?
4. ____________________some pieces of chalk on the table.
5. How much money______________in the safe?
6. _______________a lot of time.
7. _________________several people waiting for the governor.
8. ____________________a little cat standing near the gate.

LESSON FOUR
Supply the correct preposition:
1. He has to start working___________________7 o’clock.
2. I am going to be there_____________________ten minutes.
3. He is __________________time for his first class.
4. I am going to write a letter________________my son.
5. The teacher is writing_______________ the blackbord______a chalk.
6. I am talking_________________my friends.
7. They are going to send me some money________________France.
8. He is going to take his wife________________Rio next week.

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 LESSON FIVE

Fill in with the indefinite pronouns SOME or ANY:

1. We have___________________chicken in the refrigerator.
2. Have you___________________money to lend me?
3. They haven’t_______________time to spare.
4. I want to deposit______________money in the bank.
5. She is going to buy________________peaches for desert.
6. Have you________________French records?
7. Has she____________________French perfumes?
8. He is going to write______________ letters to his friends.

LESSON SIX
Fill in the blanks with FEW, A FEW, LITTLE, A LITTLE. MUCH and MANY, as required:
1. I have_____________________things to do before traveling.
2. Is there_____________________or________________milk in the jug?
3. Are there___________________or_________________students in the classroom?
4. She has__________________money in the bank.
5. They have___________________jewels to sell.
6. She is going to eat__________________pieces of bread.
7. I am going to write___________________lines.
8. We have____________________money in the safe.

LESSON SEVEN
Answer these questions:
1. What are you going to have, coffee or tea?
2. Which newspaper has a report on food shortage?
3. Which house is yours, the big one or the small one?
4. What time is he going to leave?
5. Who is at the door?
6. Whose daughter is she?
7. What kind of job is he looking for?
8. Which of these suits are you going to choose?

LESSON EIGHT
Supply the right form of the verb TO BE in the following sentences:
1. I___________________________in Florida last year.
2. You________________________a very nice little boy.
3. He________________________a good student.
4. She________________________a beautiful young lady.
5. It___________________________a big dog.
6. We_________________________there last month.
7. You________________________with me this evening.
8. They_______________________in the hotel.

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