MEASURING QUANTITIES AND

ITEMS OF WORK IN
BUILDINGS: FORMWORKS

ENGR. JYZEL CRIS B. FACTOR

 INTRODUCTION
The structural members of a building are built-up into its desired shapes and
dimensions through the use of forms. Forms are temporary boarding, sheathing or
pan used to produce the desired shape and size of concrete.

Forms must be simple and economically designed in such a manner that they are
easily removed and reassembled without damage to themselves or concrete.

Selection of FORMS are based on:

1. Cost of Materials;
2. Construction and assembling cost;
3. The number of times it can be used; and
4. Strength and resistance to pressure, tear and wear.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 GREASING OF FORMS
Forms are constantly greased before using to make the wood waterproof preventing
the absorption of water in the concrete which causes swelling and warping. It also
prevents the adherence of concrete into the pores of the wood.

• Most economical material is Crude Oil. It is usually mixed with motor oil with a
proportion of 1:3 (or varying viscosity depending on the weather condition).

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 PLYWOOD AS CONSTRUCTION FORM
Advantages:

1. Economical
2. Lightweight and Handy
3. Smooth Surface
4. Less Consumption of Nails
5. Ease in Assembling and Disassembling
6. Available
Consideration

1. The thickness of the board to be used

2. The size of the frame
3. Types of framework to be adopted Continuous Rib Type Stud Type

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 PLYWOOD AS CONSTRUCTION FORM
Formula in Finding the Materials for Square and Rectangular Column Forms

1) P = 2(a+b)+0.20

where: P = lateral perimeter of the column

a = shorter side of the column
b = the longer side of the column
0.20 = constant value for the lapping of form joints

2) Multiply P by the height of one column times the member of columns to get the total area
of the forms.
3) Divide the total area found by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms
4) Multiply the number of plywood found by 29.67 to get the board foot of frame required.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

PLYWOOD AS CONSTRUCTION FORM

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SCAFFOLDING AND STAGING
• Scaffolding is a temporary structure of wooden poles and planks providing
platform to stand on while erecting or repairing a building.
• Staging is a more substantial framework progressively built up as tall building
rises up. The term staging is applied because it is built up in stages one story at a
time.

• Different parts of staging are:

• Vertical support
• Footing base
• Horizontal braces
• Blocks and wedges support
• Nails

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

SCAFFOLDING AND STAGING

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

CONSTRUCTION FORMS

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Six concrete posts at 4m high
with a uniform cross sectional
dimensions of 0.30 x 0.40 m
using a plywood on a 2’’ x 2’’
wood frame. List down the
materials required using
continuous rib type forms.
Specify the use of 6 mm (1/4”).

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑷𝒍𝒚𝒘𝒐𝒐𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎, 𝑷
𝑃 = 2 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 0.20
= 2 0.30 + 0.40 + 0.20
= 1.60 𝑚

𝐴 = 1.60 𝑥 4 𝑥 6 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠
= 38.4 𝑠𝑞𝑚
38.4
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 = = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑 𝒔𝒂𝒚 𝟏𝟒 𝒑𝒊𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒔
2.88

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝟐 x 2 wood frame

14 𝑃𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑥 29.67 = 415.38 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡.

𝑶𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓: 𝟏𝟒 𝑷𝒍𝒚𝒘𝒐𝒐𝒅 = 𝟒𝟏𝟔 𝒃𝒅. 𝒇𝒕.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
Ten concrete reinforced column
with a general cross sectional 0.40
dimensions of 0.40 x 0.60 m by
5.00 m long each requires
plywood form on a 2” x 2” Ht. = 5.00 m
frame. Order the materials 0.60
required.

CROSS SECTION ELEVATION

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏,
𝑃 = 2 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 0.20
0.40
= 2 0.40 + 0.60 + 0.20
= 2.20 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
Ht. = 5.00 m
𝐴 = 2.20 𝑥 5.00 𝑥 10
0.60
= 110 𝑠𝑞𝑚
110
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 = = 𝟑𝟖. 𝟐 𝒔𝒂𝒚 𝟑𝟗 𝒑𝒊𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒔
2.88
CROSS SECTION ELEVATION
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝟐 x 2 wood frame

39 𝑃𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑥 29.67 = 1,157 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡.

𝑶𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓: 𝟑𝟗 𝒑𝒄𝒔 𝟏/𝟒" 𝒙 𝟒′ 𝒙 𝟖′ 𝒑𝒍𝒚𝒘𝒐𝒐𝒅

𝟏, 𝟏𝟓𝟕 𝒃𝒐𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒇𝒆𝒆𝒕 𝟐 x 2 𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A reinforced concrete building has 9 columns with a clear height of 4.00 meters. Determine the
required scaffolding under the following specifications: 2” x 3” Vertical Support; 2” x 2” Horizontal
and Diagonal braces.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A reinforced concrete building has 9 columns with a clear height of 4.00 meters. Determine the
required scaffolding under the following specifications: 2” x 3” Vertical Support; 2” x 2” Horizontal
and Diagonal braces.
𝑺𝒄𝒂𝒇𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏𝒔
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
= 4.00 𝑥 9 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = 36 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2" x 3" 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

= 36 𝑥 7.00 = 252 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. 2" x 3" x 14 ft

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 x 2 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

= 36 𝑥 21.00 = 756 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. 2" x 3" lumber
𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠:
= 36 𝑥 11.7 = 421 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. 2" x 2" lumber

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A reinforced concrete building has 9 columns with a clear height of 4.00 meters. Determine the
required scaffolding under the following specifications: 2” x 3” Vertical Support; 2” x 2” Horizontal
and Diagonal braces.
𝑺𝒄𝒂𝒇𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑩𝒆𝒂𝒎𝒔
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
= 4.50 𝑥 6 + 4.00 𝑥 6 = 51 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2" x 3" 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

= 51 𝑥 6.00 = 306 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡.

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 x 2 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

= 51 𝑥 4.70 = 240 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
A reinforced concrete building has 9 columns with a clear height of 4.00 meters. Determine the
required scaffolding under the following specifications: 2” x 3” Vertical Support; 2” x 2” Horizontal
and Diagonal braces.
𝑺𝒄𝒂𝒇𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝑺𝒍𝒂𝒃
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 4.50 𝑥 4.00 𝑥 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 = 72 𝑠𝑞. 𝑚

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2" x 3" 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡

= 72 𝑥 9.10 = 655 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡.

𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑺𝒍𝒂𝒃 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒔

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (4.50 𝑥 4.00 𝑥 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠) = 72 𝑠𝑞. 𝑚

𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2.88 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑

72
= = 25 𝑝𝑐𝑠. 4′ 𝑥 8′ 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑
2.88

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 DETAILED UNIT PRICE ANALYSIS (DUPA)

Item No./Description 903(2) Formworks and Falseworks (for two to five-storey building)
Unit of Measurement m2
Output per hour 4.5 m2
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS Designation No. of Person/s No. of HourIs Hourly Rate Amount (PhP)

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY A. Labor

Manila Installation
a. Construction Foreman 1 1.00 Labor Rates are variable per Region/District
based on minimum wage as approved by
b. Skilled Laborer 4 1.00
2 2 NOV 2011 c. Unskilled Laborer 6 1.00
DOLE. Refer to the Schedule of Labor Rates.

Stripping
a. Construction Foreman 1 0.56
- b. Unskilled Laborer 6 0.56
DEPARTMENT ORDER ) SUBJECT: Cost Estimation Manual for Low Sub - Total for A
Rise Buildings

NO. 137 l
.) B. Equipment
Name and Capacity Quantity No. of Dayls Daily Rental Rate Amount (PhP)

Series of 201~ ~.""'"'7

=
Area 205.01 m
2

a. H-Frame 1.7 m x 1.2m, set 40 14.00 Rental cost for scaffoldings may vary per
RegionlDistrict.
In line with the Department's Quality Policy to implement projects at the right cost, all 2 pes H-frames
Implementing Offices are hereby directed to adopt the herein Cost Estimation Manual 4 pcs diagonal cross braces
4 pcs horizontal braces
for Low Rise Buildings in the determination of unit cost of Pay Items of Work involved in
8 pcs joint pins
the construction and repair/retrofitting of low rise building projects. b. Shoring Jack, 3.8 m full extension 62 14.00
c. Adjustable U-head Jack, 0.6m 80 14.00
This Manual aims to enhance the technical capability of DPWH engineers in the preparation d. Adjustable Base Jack, 0.6m 80 14.00
and review of Program of Works (POW) and Approved Budget for the Contract (ABC) and to e. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 6.0 m 62 14.00
f. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 3.0 m 16 14.00
establish consistency in the format of preparation and serve as a uniform basis/reference in
g. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 4.0 m 32 14.00
the derivation of unit cost for each item of work. It shall be distributed to all concerned h. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 1.0 m 216 14.00
offices of the Department and uploaded in the DPWH Intranet. i. Tie Rod x 0.60m 278 14.00 .J

j. Round Wing Nut 558 14.00

Note:
This Order shall be consistent with the implementation of D.O. No. 163, Series of 2015 Area of considerationwas basedon the total area of
"Standard Forms of Program of Works (POW) and Approved Budget for the Contract (ABC)" formworksfor 2 baysof standardschoolbuilding,9.5 m x
9.0 m, and heightof 3.2m.
with modification on its format and description of item numb8'r and scope of works (Annex
A) to conform with the DPWH Standard Specifications for Public Works Structures, Volume Sub - Total for B
C. Sub - Total for C (B + Area)
III (Buildings, Ports and Harbors, Flood Control and Drainage Structures and Water Supply D. Output per Hour =
4.5 m2
Systems) and Standardized Pay Items of Work for Buildings as embodied in D.O. OS, Series E. Direct Unit Cost (A + D) + C
of 2017. Name and Specification Amount (PhP)
Unit Quantity Unit Cost

F. Materials
This Order shall take effect immediately. Prices of materials are variable per Regionl
District based on the prevailing unit prices in

~~----
('
a. Phenolic Board (0.019 x 1.2 x 2.4) - 5 uses pc 0.347 the locality which include payment of local
c. Good Lumber - 3 uses bd ft 4.727 taxes and hauling cost to the project site.
Refer to the Construction Material Price Data
b. Consumables (5% of Materials Cost)
established quarterly by Central Office Price
MARK A. VILLAR' Monitoring Committee.

SecretarY Sub - Total for F

G. Direct Unit Cost (E + F)
H. Overhead, Contingencies & Miscellaneous (OCM) Expenses 15%/12%/10%/8% of G
6.1.3 CSSD/BOC
I. Contractor's Profit (CP) 10%/8% of G
Depa,trrent of Public Works and Highways J. Value Added Tax (VAT) 5% of (G + H + I)
Office of the Secretary
K. Total Unit Cost (G + H + I + J)
1111111111111I11111111111111111111111 Note: 1. This cost sheet analysis is only applicable for Formworks and Falseworks considering steel scaffoldings for two to five
WIN7W02039 storey buildings.
2. Area of consideration includes beams, columns, and suspended slabs.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 j. Round Wing Nut 558 14.00
Note:
Area of considerationwas basedon the total area of
formworksfor 2 baysof standardschoolbuilding,9.5 m x
9.0 m, and heightof 3.2m.
Sub - Total for B
C. Sub - Total for C (B + Area)
D. Output per Hour = 4.5 m2
E. Direct Unit Cost (A + D) + C
Name and Specification Unit Quantity Unit Cost Amount (PhP)

F. Materials
Prices of materials are variable per Regionl
District based on the prevailing unit prices in
a. Phenolic Board (0.019 x 1.2 x 2.4) - 5 uses pc 0.347 the locality which include payment of local
c. Good Lumber - 3 uses bd ft 4.727 taxes and hauling cost to the project site.
Refer to the Construction Material Price Data
b. Consumables (5% of Materials Cost)
established quarterly by Central Office Price
Monitoring Committee.

Sub - Total for F

G. Direct Unit Cost (E + F)
H. Overhead, Contingencies & Miscellaneous (OCM) Expenses 15%/12%/10%/8% of G
I. Contractor's Profit (CP) 10%/8% of G
J. Value Added Tax (VAT) 5% of (G + H + I)
K. Total Unit Cost (G + H + I + J)
Note: 1. This cost sheet analysis is only applicable for Formworks and Falseworks considering steel scaffoldings for two to five
storey buildings.
2. Area of consideration includes beams, columns, and suspended slabs.

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering

 6 1.00
Stripping
a. Construction Foreman 1 0.56
b. Unskilled Laborer 6 0.56
Sub - Total for A
Name and Capacity Quantity No. of Dayls Daily Rental Rate Amount (PhP)

B. Equipment

=
Area 205.01 m
2

a. H-Frame 1.7 m x 1.2m, set 40 14.00 Rental cost for scaffoldings may vary per
RegionlDistrict.
2 pes H-frames
4 pcs diagonal cross braces
4 pcs horizontal braces
8 pcs joint pins
b. Shoring Jack, 3.8 m full extension 62 14.00
c. Adjustable U-head Jack, 0.6m 80 14.00
d. Adjustable Base Jack, 0.6m 80 14.00
e. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 6.0 m 62 14.00
f. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 3.0 m 16 14.00
g. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 4.0 m 32 14.00
h. 1-1/2" GI Pipe x 1.0 m 216 14.00
i. Tie Rod x 0.60m 278 14.00 .J

j. Round Wing Nut 558 14.00

Note:
Area of considerationwas basedon the total area of
formworksfor 2 baysof standardschoolbuilding,9.5 m x
9.0 m, and heightof 3.2m.
Sub - Total for B
C. Sub - Total for C (B + Area)
D. Output per Hour =
4.5 m2
MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 DETAILED UNIT PRICE ANALYSIS (DUPA)

Item No./Description 903(2) Formworks and Falseworks (for two to five-storey building)
Unit of Measurement m2
Output per hour 4.5 m2

Designation No. of Person/s No. of HourIs Hourly Rate Amount (PhP)

A. Labor
Installation
a. Construction Foreman 1 1.00 Labor Rates are variable per Region/District
based on minimum wage as approved by
b. Skilled Laborer 4 1.00
DOLE. Refer to the Schedule of Labor Rates.
c. Unskilled Laborer 6 1.00
Stripping
a. Construction Foreman 1 0.56
b. Unskilled Laborer 6 0.56
Sub - Total for A
Name and Capacity Quantity No. of Dayls Daily Rental Rate Amount (PhP)

B. Equipment

=
Area 205.01 m
2

a. H-Frame 1.7 m x 1.2m, set 40 14.00 Rental cost for scaffoldings may vary per
MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering