ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMAROTY

A. Salicylate (Aspirin)

B. Non- salicylates

MOA: inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) that is needed for the biosynthesis of prostaglandin

USES: reduce inflammatory process

: Relieve pain

: Reduce fever

CI: severe renal and hepatic disease, GI Bleed, hypersensitivity

SE: GI irritation, anorexia, N/V, dizziness, confusion, hearing loss, heartburn, drowsiness

AE: Gi bleed, tinnitus, life threatening (BM depression,

Nursing response:

- Take with meals

- Chech hypersensitivity

- Monitor bleeding

- Avoid alcohol

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMAROTY (Corticosteroids)

MOA: suppress the intensity of the inflammatory process; can control inflammation by suppressing or
preventing many of the components of inflammatory process at the injured site

USES: Myocarditis, pericarditis, arthritis, tendonitis, bursitis, ulcerative colitis, dermatitis

S- SWOLLEN

S- SUPPRESS

S- STERILITY
S- SUGAR INCREASE

S- SERUM ELECTROLYTES

S- SLOWLY TAPEROX

S- SIGHT

MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS:

SWOLLEN BUFFALO HUMP

SUPPRESS IMMUNOSUPPRESANT EFFECT

GROWTH RETARDATION

MOOD SWING

ACNE

TRUNKAL OBESITY

STERILITY

CARDIAC DYSRRHYTHMIAS

IHIBITED CHON SYNTHESIS

HYPOKALEMIA, HYPOCALCEMIA, HYPERGLYCEMIAM, HYPERNATREMIA, HYPERTENSION

NSG CONSIDERATIONS:

Usually recommended for short term use

Taper off slowly to prevent adrenal insufficiency

High CHON, potassium, calcium, low sodium intake

Daily weight, report weight gain > 5 lbs

Check CBC, strengthen immune system

Take with food

Avoid vaccines without aps approval

EG:

-Cortisone acetae

-Hydrocortisone

-Prednisone

-Fluticasone

-Dexamethasone

-Betamethasone

-Budesonide

ANTI – GOUT AGENTS

Gouty Arthritis- increase purine intake

Common drugs:

- Colchicine (novovolchine)

Anti-inflammatory

Inhibits migration of leukocytes at inflames sites

Does not inhibit uric acid, does not promote uric acid excretion

- Probenecid

- Sulfinpyrazone (anturane)

- Allopurinol (zyloprim)

PODAGRA- when the uric acid formation will be found on the big toe

USES: control acute inflammation of the attack

Increase excretion of uric acid

Decrease production of uric acid

USES:

Gouty arthritis

Control uric acid production with antineoplastic drug

Nursing responsibilities:

Fluid intake (at least 2L/day)

Alkaline urine: milk, fruits except cranberries, plums, prunes, most vegetables, small amount of beef

Compliance, low purine foods: (high) beer, wine, shellfish, legumes, gravy, organs meat, salmon,
sardines

CBC

Acetaminophen instead of ASA (elevate uric acid)

Avoid large doses of Vit C

Take after meal