25-11-2022

25-NOVEMBER-2022

The Hindu News Analysis – 25th November 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T
1 Opening stance - India-Australia trade pact (Editorial) 10 8 8 8 6

‘South China Sea Code of Conduct should align with

2 8 8 10 8 8
international law’ (24/11/2022)
Millets in the mainstream: how Odisha’s Kutia Kondh tribe
3 14 12 14 12 10
rediscovered a palate for the ‘poor man’s food’
4 Minjur desalination plant to be shut for maintenance work 5 - - - -

5 Fixing India’s malnutrition problem (Editorial) (24/11/2022) 6 6 6 6 6

Unemployment rate dips marginally to 7.2% in July-September:

6 13 11 13 11 9
survey
7 Prelims Practice Questions
@ end of the video
8 Mains Practice Questions
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram
 25-11-2022

Pg: 8 – B, D, H;
Pg: 6 – T;
Pg: 10 – C

Part A — Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Current events of national and international importance.

Part B — Main Examination

PAPER - III
General Studies - II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
• Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s
interests.
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian
diaspora.
 25-11-2022

India-Australia Free Trade Agreement

• Signed - during Scott Morrison period.

• Passed - by Anthony Albanese

administration.

• Wide bipartisan support in Australia.

• Easier market access for Indian

goods and services in Australia.

Why Australia started to leaning more

towards India?

• Australia - upset with China’s trade

weaponisation strategy.

• India & Australia - QUAD, trilateral

Supply Chain Resilience & Indo-Pacific
Economic Forum.
 25-11-2022

How trade agreement will help India?

• Bilateral trade - will rise from $31 billion

to $50 Bn in 5 years.

• Export sector - 1 million new jobs.

• Raw materials - coal, metals and wool will

become cheaper for Indian industries.

• Fosters the approval of double taxation

avoidance agreement - benefit to Indian
IT firms.

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. In the light of recently concluded India-
Australia Economic Cooperation and
Trade Agreement, What are all the
significances to India?
(150 words, 10 marks)
 25-11-2022

Pg: 8 – C, T, B, H;
Pg: 10 – Delhi Edition
 25-11-2022

Need for Code of Conduct

• Importance of South China sea.

 Strategically positioned for military

and trade flow.

• Disputes regarding claiming of

territories

 Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines,

Brunei & China.

• Worsened after - United Nations

Convention on the Law of the Sea.

Artificial Island created by China

 25-11-2022

Code of Conduct

• Evolution - 1992.

• Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in

South China Sea.

 China + ASEAN - 2002.

 Aim - Promotion of peace & harmony in

the South China Sea.

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2022

Q. With reference to the United National Convention on the
Law of Sea, consider the following statements:
1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its
territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical
miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance
with the convention.
2. Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy
the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
3. The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200
nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth
of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the following statements given above are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
 25-11-2022

Pg: 14 – C, D;
Pg: 12 – B, H;
Pg: 10 – T

Kutia Kondhs Variations

• Particularly vulnerable tribal groups - • Kutia Kondha - live in hill top and
Odisha. valleys.

• Residency • Dongria Kondha - live in high land and

 Lanjigarh, Thuamul Rampur, Madanpur near the streams.

Rampur and Bhawanipatna blocks. • Desia kondh - live in plain area.

• Basics

 Primitive sections of Kondha tribe.

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Characteristics

• Nature worshipers. • Agriculture - Shifting cultivation.

• Protectors of forest & wildlife.  Called as dongar chaas or podu chaas

• Settlements  Crops - ragi, kosala, kangu, arhar.

 Two rows of houses in rectangular space. • Economic life

• Social structure - Organised & unified.  Source of income

 Families - nuclear & patriarchal.  Collection & sale of NTFPs,

 Women  Casual labour,

 Collection, processing, sale of non-  Remittances,

timber forest produce.  Selling livestock,

 Domestic work & child care.  Wages from the MGNREGS.

 Existence of young dormitories.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Which among the following are termed
as the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal
Groups.
1. Todas
2. Kutia Kondhs
3. Kurumbas
4. Koraga
Which of the given statements are
correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
 25-11-2022

Pg: 5 – Chennai Edition

Need for Desalination

• Water on Earth - 70%.

• Freshwater - 3%

 2/3rd - not readily available.

• Problem - water scarcity.

• In coastal areas - desalination done to

overcome freshwater scarcity.

• Desalination applications

 Human consumption, irrigation,

industrial applications.
 25-11-2022

• Nano filtration
Methods of Desalination
 Usage of nanotube membranes with higher
• Distillation permeability.

 Boiling + Condensing. • Solar distillation

• Reverse Osmosis  Evaporating seawater in large facilities

with roofs.
 Passing through semipermeable membranes.

• Electro dialysis

 Passing through electrically charged

membranes.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. The acceptable limit of pH value of
drinking water in India is 4.5 to 6.5.
2. The permissible limit of Total
Dissolved Solids in the absence of
alternative source is 2000mg/l.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
 25-11-2022

Pg: 6 – C, T, B, D, H

Part A — Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Current events of national and international importance.
• Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Part B — Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies-II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
• Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
• Issues relating to poverty and hunger. .
PAPER-IV
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management.
• Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives,
functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-
rearing.
 25-11-2022

Malnutrition

• Deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a

person’s intake of energy. • Micronutrient deficiencies.

• Undernutrition • Overweight, obesity & diet-related non-

communicable diseases.
 Stunting - low height for age.
India’ malnutrition status
 Wasting - low weight for height.
• Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2022 - India
 Underweight - low weight for age.
107/121.

• Reflects multiple dimensions of hunger over

time.

• https://youtu.be/Shvp2rS0CJg?t=248

• Indian Government discredited the

index.

• Conspiracy against India.

• India’s National Family Health

Survey (NFHS-5).

 Children < 5 years - 35 .5 %

stunted, 19.3% wasting & 32.1%
underweight.
 25-11-2022

• Social audits not conducted

Reasons • Fix - underfunding, improper utilization of
• Government schemes not delivering. allotted funds.

 Saksham Anganwadi, POSHAN Abhiyan -

CSS.

 Gaps in funding & implementation.

 Example: Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti

Nirman - Mid-Day Meal scheme.

• Budget allocated for FY2022-23 - 21% lower

than FY 2020-21 expenditure.

• Manpower constraints

• Solution - Cash transfers.

Problems related to cash
 Through JAM trinity.
• Do not necessarily improve child nutrition
 Jan Dhan bank accounts, Aadhaar,
• Inflation
Mobile.
• Social factors - ‘son preference’
 Cash gives beneficiaries an expanding
choice.
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Reasons for persisting malnutrition

• Depressed economic conditions.

• Poor agriculture in India.

• Unsafe sanitation practices.

Practice Question – Mains

Conclusion
GS – III
Q. Analyse the reasons for the prevailing
• Cash transfer.
malnutrition in the country and suggest
• Involvement of local government & local measures to address it.
community groups. (250 words, 15 marks)
• Programme targeting adolescent girls.

• Proper implementation of child nutritional

programs.

Pg: 13 – C, D;
Pg: 11 – B, H;
Pg: 9 – T
 25-11-2022

Periodic Labour Force Survey

• India’s first computer-based survey. Objective

• Launched by the National Statistical Office. • To estimate the key employment and
unemployment indicators.
• Maps the state of employment in the
country.  Worker population ratio,

• Collection of data  Labour force participation rate,

 Unemployment level,  Unemployment rate.

 Types of employment & respective shares, • Employment data of both rural and urban
areas.
 Wages earned, number of hours worked
etc.

Worker Population Ratio

Labour force

• Sum of the number of persons employed and

the number of persons unemployed
 25-11-2022

Important findings

• UR in urban areas reduced.

• UR reduced for men and women.

• Worker Population Ratio (WPR) increased marginally.

• WPR among men & women increased

 25-11-2022

• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) increased marginally.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. National Statistical Office comes
under the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation.
2. Periodic Labour Force Survey is
released by the Ministry of Labour
and Employment.
Which of the statement(s) given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
 25-11-2022

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2022

Q. With reference to the United National Convention on the
Law of Sea, consider the following statements:
1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its
territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical
miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance
with the convention.
2. Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy
the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
3. The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200
nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth
of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the following statements given above are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
 25-11-2022

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. The acceptable limit of pH value of
drinking water in India is 4.5 to 6.5.
2. The permissible limit of Total
Dissolved Solids in the absence of
alternative source is 2000mg/l.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Which among the following are termed
as the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal
Groups.
1. Todas
2. Kutia Kondhs
3. Kurumbas
4. Koraga
Which of the given statements are
correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
 25-11-2022

Quiz Question – Prelims (25/11/2022)

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. National Statistical Office comes
under the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation.
2. Periodic Labour Force Survey is
released by the Ministry of Labour
and Employment.
Which of the statement(s) given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Mains

GS – III
Q. Analyse the reasons for the prevailing
malnutrition in the country and suggest
measures to address it.
Prelims Practice Question – Answer (250 words, 15 marks)
Q1. Option d)
Q2. Option b) Practice Question – Mains
Q3. Option d) GS – II
Q. In the light of recently concluded India-
Australia Economic Cooperation and
Trade Agreement, What are all the
significances to India?
(150 words, 10 marks)