DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(An Autonomous College affiliated to VTU Belgaum & accredited by NBA/NAAC)

Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Banashankari, Bengaluru-560078, Karnataka

DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE: Design of Machine Elements 1 (19ME5DCDME)

A Project On

“Design and Analysis of a Plate with 3 Holes Subjected to Fatigue Load”

By
VIKAS C [1DS19ME155]
SAGAR C S [1DS19ME118]
VINAY PRASAD N [1DS19ME156]
SURESH H C [1DS20ME431]
SANGAMESH KADLIMATTI [1DS19ME160]
V SEMESTER ‘C’ Section
Under the Guidance of

Dr NARASIMHE GOWDA
Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, DSCE, Bengaluru-560078
 DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE
OF ENGINEERING
(Autonomous institution affiliated to VTU)
Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore 560078, Karnataka, India.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DECLARATION

We here by declare that we have prepared a seminar report based on

our own referring to the standard/reference books, related web portal
and not copied from any other student.

Signature of the Student: Signature of the faculty:

VIKAS C
SAGAR C S
VINAY PRASAD N
SURESH H C
SANGAMESH KADLIMATTI

Date:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

We would like to take this opportunity to express special gratitude to

our Professor, Dr NARASIMHE GOWDA Dept. of Mechanical
engineering who gave us the wonderful opportunity to do this seminar
report on the topic “Design and Analysis of a Plate with a Hole
Subjected to Fatigue Load”. This opportunity to participate in the
seminar has helped us to improve our research skills and we are
grateful to our professor. We are extremely thankful to him for
providing such a nice guidance and support.

VIKAS C [1DS19ME155]
SAGAR C S [1DS19ME118]
VINAY PRASAD N [1DS19ME156]
SURESH H C [1DS20ME431]
SANGAMESH KADLIMATTI [1DS19ME160]
 TABLE OF CONTENT
Contents
1.1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 5
1.2. STRESS CYCLE ......................................................................... 5
1.3. ENDURANCE LIMIT AND FATIGUE STRENGTH .......................... 6
1.4. LOW CYCLE AND HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE ..................................... 7
1.5. FATIGUE LIFE METHODS ......................................................... 8
2.PROBLEM .................................................................................... 9
3.STEPS IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM BY USING ANSYS SOFTWARE . 10
4.RESULTS FROM SOFTWARE ....................................................... 11
4.1 SOLID GEOMETRY ................................................................... 11
4.2 TOTAL DEFORMATION ............................................................ 12
4.3 EQUIVALENT (VON-MISES) STRESS .......................................... 13
.................................................................................................... 13
4.4 MAXIMUM PRINCIPAL STRESS ................................................ 14
4.5 MAXIMUM SHEAR STRESS ...................................................... 15
4.6 LIFE OF DESIGN ....................................................................... 16
.................................................................................................... 16
4.7 DAMAGE ................................................................................ 17
4.8 FACTOR OF SAFETY ................................................................. 18
.................................................................................................... 18
5. TABLE OF RESULTS.................................................................... 19
6.CONCLUSION ............................................................................ 19
1.1. INTRODUCTION
➢ Cyclic loading produces stresses that are variable,
repeated, alternating, or fluctuating
➢ Failure occurs under condition of dynamic and
fluctuation loading are called fatigue.
➢ Fatigue accounts 90% of all service failure due to
mechanical causes
➢ Component is subjected to a repetitive or fluctuation
stresses it fails at a stress much lower than tensile or
yield strength for a static load.
➢ Failure is by sudden ultimate fracture No visible warning
in advance of failure
➢ Occurs at a point of stress concentration such as sharp
corner or notch or at a metallurgical stress
concentration like an inclusion. Fatigue Analysis

1.2. STRESS CYCLE

1.3. ENDURANCE LIMIT AND FATIGUE STRENGTH
❖ Endurance limit: The fatigue or endurance limit of a
material is defined as the maximum amplitude of
completely reversed stress that the standard specimen
can sustain for an unlimited number of cycles without
fatigue failure.
❖ Fatigue strength: The maximum value of completely
reversed bending stress that a material can withstand
without any failure for 'finite number of cycles. Fatigue
Analysis.
1.4. LOW CYCLE AND HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE
1] Low-cycle fatigue:
▪ Stress cycles are less than 1000.
▪ Elastic strain as well as plastic strain
▪ Ignore the fatigue effect, A greater factor of safety,
designed on the basis of UTS or YS with a suitable factor
of safety.
2] High-cycle Fatigue:
▪ Stress cycles are more than 1000
▪ Deformations are totally elastic, longer lives results.
▪ Designed on the basis of endurance limit stress. S-N
curves, Soderberg lines, Gerber lines or Goodman
diagrams are used in the design of such components.
1.5. FATIGUE LIFE METHODS
❖ Fatigue provides life, damage, and safety Factor
information and uses a stress-life or Stain-life approach.
➢ Stress-life (S-N) Method
▪ Least accurate, used in most designs, particularly for
high cycle fatigue
▪ Most traditional, easiest to implement
▪ The S-N approach is based on elastic cyclic loading
➢ Strain-life (E-N) Method
▪ Detailed analysis of plastic deformation at localized
regions
▪ The E-N method, while computationally more expensive
than S-N, should give a reasonable estimate for high-
cycle fatigue as well.
❖ The three components to a fatigue analysis are:
✓ Fatigue Material Properties
✓ Fatigue analysis and loading options
✓ Reviewing fatigue results Fatigue Analysis
2.PROBLEM
❖ Plate with 3 holes
➢ Material: - Structural Steel
➢ Dimension: thickness: L=50mm, w=25mm 15mm,
➢ Constraints: Left Face= Fixed Support and Right Face=
Force (20KN)
➢ Output: Total deformation, Equivalent stress, Life,
Damage, Factor of Safety. Fatigue Analysis
3.STEPS IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM BY USING ANSYS
SOFTWARE

➢ Definition of the Problem

➢ Element Selection
➢ Defining Material Properties & Section properties
(Youngs modulus, Poisson ratio, Cross section
➢ area etc)
➢ Modelling the problem (geometry)
➢ Meshing (Dividing into finite number of elements)
➢ Deciding the Boundary Conditions (Constraints, Loads
etc.)
➢ Solution (Solver)
➢ Post processing of Results (Deflection, Stress, Strain
etc.)
➢ Report Preparation Observation and Conclusion from
the Analysis
4.RESULTS FROM SOFTWARE
4.1 SOLID GEOMETRY
4.2 TOTAL DEFORMATION

Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa] Average [MPa]

1. 3.5945 205.76 60.287

4.3 EQUIVALENT (VON-MISES) STRESS

Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa] Average [MPa]

1. -8.5062 217.6 59.896

4.4 MAXIMUM PRINCIPAL STRESS

Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa] Average [MPa]

1. -102.79 24.371 -2.9035

4.5 MAXIMUM SHEAR STRESS

Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa] Average [MPa]

1. 2.01 107.92 31.4

4.6 LIFE OF DESIGN
4.7 DAMAGE
4.8 FACTOR OF SAFETY
5. TABLE OF RESULTS

Method used Maximum Factor of Total

stress safety deformation
Analytical 25 N/mm2 1.5 205 N/mm2
Method
Ansys 24.371 N/mm2 1.2 205.76
Software N/mm2

6.CONCLUSION
We have found the maximum stress developed and factor of
safety in a plate with three holes subjected to fatigue loading
in tension by using analytical method and Ansys Software and
result are matching.