Introduction:

Qatar is a developing economy located on the Arabian Gulf's western region. Due to the

surrounding desert environment, climatic conditions are harsh, with an annual average

rainfall of less than 80 mm.  As a result, there is a shortage of potable water and local food. In

addition to a small supply of ground water utilized for cultivation, the state heavily relies on

seawater desalination as the main source of water for urban requirements.

Due to the limited amount of vital living resources, Qatar is gifted with large natural gas

reserves, which are being exploited to alleviate the country's living conditions. Since the

discovery of hydrocarbons in Qatar, the oil and natural gas industries, have been major

contributors to the country's economic and social development, as well as the welfare of its

citizens.

Qatar's economic growth is dependent on the oil and gas sector, which accounts for a

significant amount of the country's GDP. At the same time, the oil and gas industry are the

largest source of Greenhouse gases emissions. accordingly, long-term success in climate

change mitigation will need balancing economic stability and environmental sustainability.

Transformation to a more sustainable economy is necessary without risking the country's

economic growth. Qatar is anticipated to be severely affected by global warming due to its

geographic location. Qatar is very vulnerable to increasing sea levels and rising air

temperatures because of climate change.

Also, climate change poses a threat to Qatar's tourism economy, owing to a rise in

temperature and the frequency of dust storms. Qatar's ecosystem, environmental resources,

infrastructure, and human systems are all vulnerable to climate change, including coastal and

offshore installations like power and water cogeneration plants, as well as oil and gas

infrastructure. Furthermore, the reaction measures have an impact on the state's economy.
Qatar's economy has generally been driven by the availability of hydrocarbon resources.

However, a state vision was developed to diversify the economy and construct a skilled

society capable of sustaining its own growth and ensuring a good living standard to maintain

progress and sustainable growth. Qatar's National Vision 2030 (QNV 2030) and National

Development Strategy (NDS-1 & NDS-2) place a high priority on economic diversification

and long-term development.

Some of the main areas that Qatar is using to maintain diversification are shown below:

1. Power Field: Qatar has recently made efforts to minimize emissions from the power

and water sectors by introducing its first  solar power plant, which will be operational

soon. The State of Qatar intends to expand these efforts and turn renewable energy

into a key driver of environmental and commercial benefits.

2. Transportation: Qatar's transportation sector has been assigned for development and

modernization. The Doha Metro and Lusail Tram are significant milestones in the

improvement of infrastructure transportation and, as a result, in the reduction of

environmental pollution from this sector.

3. Building construction: Through the adoption of the Global Sustainability Assessment

System (GSAS) standards, Qatar has been transforming its building standards toward

higher levels of sustainability.

4. Tourism: Qatar has recognized tourism as a key sector for economic diversification

beyond the oil and gas sector and increasing private sector participation in the

national economy. Qatar's long-term tourism development strategy has already paid

dividends, with an increase in the number of tourists from all over the world visiting

the country.