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Introduction to Ethics
Chapter 5

Expected Learning Outcomes

• Define Ethics
• Enumerate and describe the basic characteristics and values associate with
ethics behavior
• Appreciate why ethical behavior in personal, professional and business
dealings is necessary
• Understand reasons why people act unethically
• Give and explain the categories of ethical principles

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Expected Learning Outcomes

• Give and describe the ethical principles related to
- Personal ethics
- Professional ethics
- Business ethics
• Explain why professional ethics is important and why a code of conduct
should be adopted

Origin of Ethics
• Came from the Greek word “Ethos” which means character
• Concerned with understanding right and wrong and how conduct should be
judged to be good or bad
• Set of moral principles or values that govern actions and decisions of an
individual or group

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Characteristics and Values

Associated with Ethical Behavior
Characteristics
Integrity Caring for others
Honesty Respect for others
Trustworthiness and Promise keeping Responsible Citizenship
Loyalty (Fidelity) and Confidentiality Pursuit of excellence
Fairness and Openness Accountability

WHY IS ETHICAL
BEHAVIOR NECESSARY?

Necessary for the

Glue that holds a
society to function in
society together
an orderly manner

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WHY DO PEOPLE ACT

UNETHICALLY?
1. The person’s ethical standards are different from those of
society as a whole
2. The person chooses to act selfishly

Categories of Ethical Principles

Principles of Personal Ethics include among others:
• Basic justice, fairness
• Respect for the right of others
• Concern for the right of others
• Concern for the well-being on welfare of others
• Benevolence, trustworthiness, honesty
• Compliance with the law

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Categories of Ethical Principles

Professional ethics include among others:
• Integrity, impartiality, objectivity
• Professional competence
• Confidentiality
• Professional behavior
• Avoidance of potential or apparent conflict of interest

Categories of Ethical Principles

Business ethics include among others:
• Fair competition
• Global as well as domestic justice
• Social responsibility
• Concern for the environment

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Common characteristics of professions

• Responsibility to serve the public

• Complex body of knowledge
• Standards of admission to the profession
• Need for public confidence

Executive Order No. 220, June 23, 2003

• DIRECTING THE ADOPTION OF THE CODE OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE FOR THE PROFESSIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES

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Executive Order No. 220, June 23, 2003

• General Principles of Professional conduct
- ethical awareness
- ethical commitment
- ethical competency

Executive Order No. 220, June 23, 2003

• Specific Principles of Professional conduct

1. Service to Others 5. Social and Civic Responsibility
6. Global competitiveness
2. Integrity and Objectivity
7. Equality of all Processions
3. Professional competence
4. Solidarity and Teamwork

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-THE END-