g]skf aemfªn] e|i6 hf]zLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ k|x/LnfO{ a'emfof]

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
jif{ !^, c+s &,
OGrfh{ la/f6 ;Lsf] g]tT[ jdf vl6Psf]
aemfªn] /gkmf]n vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf
cWoIf wg] hf]zLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/
k|x/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] 5 . ;f]daf/
b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf $ sf wg]
hf]zLnfO{ g]skfn] lgoGq0fdf lnP/
k|x/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] xf] . hf]zLn]
b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+ # lahf8f
/ j8f g+ $ ;]nfufpFdf hn;|ft] tyf
:yfgLo / k|bz] ;/sf/åf/f ;~rflnt
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/sd e|i6frf/sf] u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .
/gkmf]n vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;ldlt
cWoIf /x]sf hf]zLn] /sd e|i6frf/
u/L km/f/ /x]sf] ph'/L k/]kl5 vf]hL
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hfgsf/L lbP . …ph'/L k/]kl5 lhNnf
6f]nLn] hf]zLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPsf]
k|ljgn] atfP .
…hf]zLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPkl5
vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmfx¿sf] /f]xa/df
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no b'uf{ynLdfkm{t\
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no aemfªnfO{
a'emfPsf 5f}F . hf]zLn] vfg]kfgLsf]
of]hgf cnkq kf/]sf 5g\ . nfvf}F
ah]6 nufgL ePsf] vfg]kfgL of]hgf
clxn] clxn] aGb cj:yfdf 5,Ú
k|ljgn] eg], …l56f]eGbf l56f] pQm
vfg]kfgL ;~rfng ug{ ;DalGwt
kIfnfO{ ;r]t u/fPsf] 5f}F . ;fy}
cf/f]kLnfO{ cfjZos 5fglag u/L
tYo;To ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;DalGwt
lgsfo;Fu hf]8bf/ dfu u/]sf 5f}F .Ú

‘gk] fnL hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg ug]{ PsLst[ hgqmflGtsf] af6fd] f nfda4 agf’“}
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{
clwsf/ ;DkGg ug] { PsLs[ t
hgqmflGtsf] af6f]df nfda4 x'g\ clkn
u/]sf 5g\ . dxf;lrj ljKnjn] kf6L{sf]
gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df
lel8of]dfkm{t\ g]kfnsf cfd >lds ju{,
pTkLl8t ;d'bfo kf6L{sf g]tf /
sfo{stf{ / ;dy{s z'elrGts ;a}df
z'esfdgf;lxt ;f] clkn u/]sf 5g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] gjf}F k'gu{7g
lbj;sf] cj;/df lel8of]dfkm{t\ lbPsf]
z'esfdgf ;+bz ] o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5–
…cfb/0fLo hg;d'bfo, kf6L{sf g]tf
;Dk"0f{ sfo{stf{ sd/]8x¿ ;a}df Gofgf]
clejfbg ug{ rfxG5' . xfd|f] hglk|o
kf6L{sf] gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj; xf] . g]kfnL
>lds ju{, b]zeQm zlQm, kf6L{ g]tf
sfo{stf{, b]zleq / aflx/ sfo{/t
;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ k+lQm, cGt/f{li6«o ;j{xf/f
ju{ ;a}sf] nflu v'zL / uf}/jsf] If0f
xf] . o; ;'vb If0fdf d ;j{ky| d
g]kfnsf cfd >lds ju{, pTkLl8t
;d'bfo, kf6L{sf g]tf / sfo{stf{,
;dy{s z'elrGts ;a}df xflb{s
z'esfdgf JoQm ug{ rfxG5' .
of] ;'vb If0fdf cfˆgf] cd"No
hLjg alnbfg ug{ ' x ' g ] PsLs[ t
hgqmflGt, hgo'4, g]kfnsf ;Dk"0f{
hgljb|fx] x¿ / ljZj qmflGtdf alnbfg
ug]{ cfb/0fLo ;lxbx¿k|lt efjk"0f{
xflb{s >4f~hnL JoQm ug{ rfxG5',
a]kQf of]4fx¿k|lt ljz]if :d/0f ub}{
;Ddfg JoQm ug{ rfxG5' ;fy} 3fOt]
of]4fx¿k|lt ;Ddfg JoQm ug{ rfxG5' .
o; If0fdf cfb/0fLo ;lxb kl/jf/
tyf a]kQf of]4fsf kl/jf/x¿k|lt
;Ddfg / ;dj]bgf JoQm ug{ rfxG5' .
;fy} 3fOt] of]4fx¿sf] zL3| :jf:Yo
nfesf] sfdgf ub{5' .
sd/]8x¿, olta]nf xfd|f] kf6L{n]
gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj; b]zJofkL ¿kaf6
dgfpg] tof/L u/]sf] 5 / dgfpFb}
5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; otf
Ps bh{geGbf a9L g]tf sfo{stf{n]
bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;Qfsf] lj¿4sf] ljb|fx]
/ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL ;Qf :yfkgfsf]
nflu alnbfg ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 .
y'k}| ;of}F sd/]8x¿ 3fOt] x'gx' G' 5 .
cfh;Dd klg rfln; hgfeGbf a9L
xfd|f g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ h]ndf aGbL
x'gx' G' 5 . xhf/f}F g]tf – sfo{stf{x¿
cxf]/fq hgtfsf] aLrdf PsLs[t
hgqmflGtdf 8l6/fVg' ePsf] 5 . o;n]
;fljt ub{5 ls of] b]znfO{ :jfwLg
agfpg] / hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg
ub}{ b]znfO{ bnfn k'h F Lklt ju{sf]
clwgfosTj / zf;gaf6 d'Qm u/]/
cfd >lds hgtf pTkLl8t ju{ /
:jfledfgL gful/sx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj
ug] { j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL ;Qf
:yfkgfsf] k|ltlglw afxs / g]tT[ j of]
kf6L{ g} xf] eGg] s'/f ;fljt ub{5 .
cfb/0fLo hg;d'bfox¿,
xfd| f ] b] z df olta] n f bnfn
k'h
F Lklt ju{sf] ;Qf 5, bnfn k'h F Lklt
ju{sf] ;Qf eg]sf] d'¶Le/ kfFr k|ltzt
zf;s / zf]ifssf] ;Qf xf] . o;n]
cfˆgf] :jfy{ / kmfObfsf nflu g]kfnsf
s/f]8f}+ hgtfnfO{ lbg/ft zf]if0f
ul//x]sf] 5, n'l6/x]sf] 5 / pTkL8g
ul//x]sf] 5 . cfˆgf] :jfy{sf] nflu
o;n] e" d 08nLs[ t cd] l /sL
;fd|fHojfb / ef/tLo ;fd|fHojfbsf]
rfs8L, u'nfdL / bnfnL ul//x]sf]
5 . ;fd|fHojfbLx¿sf] cf8df bnfn
ub}{ hgtfnfO{ e|d >[hgf ub}{ sf] n'6sf]
;Qfdf cfl;g x'g] eGg] k|lt:kwf{
xfd|f] b]zn] :jfwLgtfsf] cg'el" t ug{
kfPsf] 5}g a¿ Pd;L;L, P;kLkLh:tf
k'h
F Lklt ju{n] g]kfnL >lds hgtfnfO{ ul//x]sf 5g\ t/ csf]l{ t/ xfd|f] hglk|o 8/nfUbf cd]l/sL cltqmd0fsf/L
‘j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf lglDt tof/ xf]cf}’+
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf :yfoL sld6L hgqmflGt lbj;sf] cj;/df lbPsf] z'esfgf ;Gb]z o; k|sf/
;b:o tyf k|jQmf k|sf08n] PsLs[t hgqmflGt / g]kfnL /x]sf] 5– …dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] ljrngtf / oflGqstfsf
>lds hgtfsf] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf lglDt tof/ lj?4 ljb|f]x u/L g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] k'gu{7g Pj+ PsLs[t
/xg / nflu kg{ qmflGtsf/L zlQm, k|ultzLn zlQm, /fi6«jfbLx? hgqmflGt ;'?jft ePsf] cfh cf7f}+ jif{ k'/f u/L gjf}F jif{df
/ cfdg]kfnL hgtfdf ljz]if clkn u/]sf 5g . k|jQmf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{ k'gu{7g Pj+ PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] gjf}F
k|sf08n] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g tyf PsLs[t hgqmflGt lbj;sf]
cj;/df z'esfdgf ;Gb]z lbFb} ;f] clkn u/]sf x'g\ .
k|jQmf k|sf08n] b]zdf PsLs[t hgqmflGt lgs6
eljiosf] ljifo ag]sf] 7f]sj' f ub}{ bnfn k'FhLklt ju{sf]
/fHon] d+l;/ $ ut] cfof]hgf u/]sf] slyt r'gfjdf s'n
dtbftfsf] em08} $% k|ltztn] r'gfj vf/]hL ug{' jf alx:sf/
ug{' jf ;xeflutf ghgfpg'n] g]kfnL hgtf cfˆgf] lxt /
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ zlQmzfnL ljsNksf] vf]hLdf 5 eGg]
tYonfO{ zlQmzfnL ?kdf k'li6 u/]sf] atfPsf 5g .
pgn] kf6L{ k'gu{7g Pj+ PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] gjf}F
jflif{sf]T;jsf] P]ltxfl;s, dxfg\ / uf}/jk"0f{ lbgsf] cj;/df
kf6L{, g]tf / sfo{stf{, g]kfnsf] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf
OdfGbf/ sDo'lgi6x?, k|ultzLn nf]stGqjfbLx?, ;Rrf
b]zeQm / cfdg]kfnL hgtfdf ;uf}/a xflb{s z'esfdgf
JoQm ub}{ a]kQf of]4fx?sf] :d/0f / 3fOt] of]4fx?k|lt pRr
;Ddfg;d]t JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] g]kfndf qmflGt, kl/jt{g
/ /fli6«o d'lQm rfxg] /fhgLlt1 / g]kfnL >lds hgtfsf] jflif{sf]T;jsf] P]ltxfl;s, dxfg\ / uf}/jk"0f{ lbgsf] cj;/df
lglDt dxfg\ pT;jsf] k|ltlwTj ug]{ ePsfn] o;nfO{ eJo kf6L{, g]tf / sfo{stf{, g]kfnsf] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf OdfGbf/
pT;j Pj+ kj{sf] ?kdf dgfpg l;+uf] kf6L{ k+lQm / sDo'lgi6x?, k|ultzLn nf]stGqjfbLx?, ;Rrf b]zeQm /
cfdhg;d'bfodf ljz]if cg'/f]w;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . cfdg]kfnL hgtfdf ;uf}/j xflb{s z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5' .
k|jQmf k|sf08n] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g tyf PsLs[t -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
/ft–lbg zf]if0f pTkL8g ul//x]sf] 5 . kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / c¿ ;Demf}tfx¿ gofF y]Ug' kg]{ 5 / af]Sg'kg]{
hlxn];Dd d'¶Le/ bnfnx¿sf] ;Qf s}of}+ qmflGtsf/L kf6L{x¿, b]zeQm l:ylt cfpg ;Sg] 5 . ef/tLo
sfod /xG5 tlxn];Dd g g]kfnL zlQmx¿ g]kfnL >lds ju{sf] ;Qf ;fd|fHojfb xfd|f] g]kfnsf] ;Ldf
hgtfn] clwsf/ kfpg] 5g\ g ;dfgtf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nflu ldlr/x] s f] 5 . ;Ldf If] q x¿df
/ ;d[l4 g zflGt kfpg] 5g\ g t nl8/x]sf] 5 / nl8/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfn] cltqmd0f ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf]
g]kfnn] :jfwLgtf g} k|fKt ug]{ 5 . k|i6;Fu a'‰b} hfg'ePsf] 5 ls of] cy{tGq ;+s6u|:6 aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
To;}n] xfd|f] kf6L{ of] bnfn k'h F Lklt Joj:yf of] bnfn k'h F Lklt ju{sf] g]kfnsf cfdgful/sx¿ ul/aLlt/
ju{sf] d'¶Le/ n'6/] f ju{sf] ;Qfsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf hgtfsf] g]tT[ j ug{ wlslnb} 5g\ . g]kfnsf o'jfx¿ cfˆgf
cGTo j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf] c;Ifd c;kmn Joj:yf xf] o;n] hlt cufl8sf eljio cGof}nk"0f{ b]Vb}5g\ .
:yfkgfsf] nflu hgtfsf] g]tT[ j / ;+3if{ k6s g]kfndf ;Qf ;dfn]sf] 5 jf o:tf] a]nfdf xfdLn] eg]sf 5f}F ls
ul//x]sf] 5 . cfh Psflt/ bnfn hlxn] hlxn] o;n] ;Qf ;~rfng xfdL lg/fz geP/ xfdL 7"nf] Pp6f
k'h
F Lklt ju{sf k|ltlglwx¿ ;+;bjfbL u/]sf] 5, g]kfnL hgtf s;}n] slxNo} cGof}ntfdf gk/]/, e|ddf gk/]/ of]
bn ltgsf g]tfx¿n] r'gfjsf] gf}6s + L klg ;'vsf] Zjf; km]g{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

;+;bLo r'gfjnfO{ vf/]h ug]{ cfdhgtfnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n]
;+;bLo r'gfjnfO{ vf/]h ug]{ cfdhgtf
/ kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{nfO{ xflb{s
wGojfb JoQm u/]sf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] d+unaf/ Ps
lj1lKt hf/L ub} { hglj/f] w L,
k|ltlqmofjfbL ;+;bLo r'gfjnfO{ vf/]h
ug] { cfdhgtf / kf6L{ s f g] t f,
sfo{stf{nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb JoQm
u/]sf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] hf/L u/]sf]
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5, …bnfn k'h
F LjfbL
;Qf / ;+;b\jfbLx?n] cfd>lds
hgtfsf] c?rL, a]jf:tf, lj/f]w /
k|lt/f]w ;+3if{sf aLr ;+3 / k|bz
r'gfj u/]sf] gf6s u/] . /fHosf]
] sf]
s/f]8f}+ k};f p8fP/ rsf]{ k|rf/ u/]
klg r'gfjk|lt cfdhgtfsf] s'g}
cfsif{0f, ;lqmotf / ;xeflutf b]vf
k/]g . o;n] bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;Qf /
hgtfaLrdf rsf]{ cGtlj{/f]w / ;+3if{
5, hgtfn] of] Joj:yfsf] ;§fdf gofF
Joj:yf cyf{t j}1flgs ;dfhjfb
rfxG5g\ eGg] ;fljt ePsf] 5 .Ú
kf6L{ s f dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
cfdg]kfnL >lds hgtfnfO{ ;+;bLo
Joj:yf / bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;+;b\jfbL
bnx?sf] s'g} e|ddf gk/]/ cfˆg}
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL ;Qfsf kIfdf
Pstfa4 x'g / ;+3if{ ub}{ cufl8 a9\g
ljz]if clkn u/]sf 5g\ .
hgtf / b]zsf nflu cfjZos
kg]{ h'g;'s} ;+3if{sf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{
cfˆgf] kf6L{ tof/ /x]sf] eGb} g]kfnL
hgtfsf] ;dfgtfk"0f{ Pj+ ;d[4 hLjg
/ b]zsf] :jfwLgtf g} kf6L{sf] uGtJodf
;a} ldn]/ PsLs[t hgqmflGtdf nfda4
aGg cfXjfg u/]sf 5g\ .
lj1lKtdf cufl8 elgPsf] 5,
…pT;fxxLg r'gfjaf6 h;n] lht]sf]
gf6s u/] klg / hf];s ' s
} f] ;/sf/
ag] klg b]zn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb–
ef/tLo ;fd|fHojfbsf] x:tIf]k gofF
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
r'gfjdf ;+s6 / ljt[i0ff
oxL d+;L/ $ ut] ePsf] ;+3Lo
/ k|bz] sf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf
hgtfdf ljt[i0ff / lg/fzf b]lvPsf]
5 . pg} cg'xf/ pg} k|a[lQ pg}
;+:sf/df kflnt JolQmnfO{ bh{gf}+
k6s r'lgof] . t/, hgtfdf s'g}
kl/jt{g cfPg, dhb"/n] oxL eG5 .
lszfgn] oxL eG5 . hgtfsf] cf]7df
xfF;f] cfPg . d"ng} wldnf] ePsf]
vf]nfaf6 ;ª\nf]kfgL cfpg] ;Defjgf
ePg . /fHon] /fHo zlQmsf] b'?kof]u
u/L l56 km'6 36gfafx]s zflGtk"0f{
tl/sfn] r'gfj ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eGg]
8Dk"m ahfP/ kfgL dflysf] cf]efgf] ePsf]
5 . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] r'gfjnfO{
hgtfn] vf/]h ul/lbPsf 5g\ .
lbpF;f] ! ah];Dd hgtf ef]6
xfNn gcfpg', ! ah] kl5 klg
cfn6fn ub}{ %–& hgf cfpg' cflb
s' / fn] hgtfdf /x] s f] lg/fzf
hgfpF5 . t/, cln r]tgzLn JolQmn]
a'ydf /x]sf] afS;f p8fOlbPsf 5g\ .
;]gf k|x/L kl5–kl5 r'gfj vf/]h
ug]{ o'jfx? cufl8–cufl8 bu'/]sf]
lkmNdL z}nL b]Vg ;lsGYof] . hgtf
c6n a;]kl5 s] nfU5 / < /f]Nkf
yjfªdf l/Qf aS;fx?n] r'gfjnfO{
luHhfO/x]sf lyP . slknj:t'sf]
lzju9L xf];\ jf kf]v/fsf] ljKnj
a:tL jf wflbªsf] Rofqf jf sfe|]sf]
gofF a:tL cflb–cflb bh{gf}F 7fpFx?n]
r'gfj vf/]hLsf] hgfpF lbO/x]sf
lyP . ;aeGbf b'Mvb 36gf afh'/fdf
b]lvPsf] 5 . lgjf{rg eO/x]sf] a]nf
lgxTyf hgtf dfly ;]gfn] uf]nL
rnfPsf] 5 . xltof/laxLg
hgtfdfly uf]nL rnfpg' sfo/tf xf] .
afh'/fdf Pshgf o'js r]tgsf] xTof
emk]Gb|/fh j}B
ul/Psf] 5 . ToxfF r'gfj :ylut
ePsf] 5 . zj ToxLF g} /flvPsf]
cj:yf 5 . d[ts Pdfn] ;Da4
AolQm ePsf] atfOG5 . cg]/f:jlao'n]
cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf] a'lemG5 . JolQm
h'g;'s} kf6L{sf x'g dflg;sf] xTof
ug'{ ck/fw g} xf] .
bnfn ;+;bjfbLx?sf] ultljlw x]g{]
xf] eg] cfkm}dF f r'gfj uf]ndfn 5 .
r' g fj h;/L klg lhTg' ' k5{ .
u7aGwgdf sDo'lgi6n] sfFu; ]| nfO{ ef]6
lb'gk' g]{ afWotf 5 . To:t} sfFu; ]| n]
sDo'lgi6nfO{ . o;/L klg w]/} ef]6
v]/ uPsf 5g\ . sfo{stf{;Ddn]
lgb]z { gcg';f/ ef]6 xfNg ;S5g\ t/
;fwf/0f dtbftfn] o; k|sf/sf] pbL{
dfGg ;Sb}gg\ . oxL glthf eof]
r'gfjdf . g]tfx?n] klxnf lhlt/x]sf]
7fpFdf xf/ vfg' k/]sf] 5 . …gf] g6
cu]gÚ gf/f klg b]Vg ;lsGYof] . ef]6
xfnL–xfnL skfn km'l' n;Sof] . ef]6
xfn]/ s] g} eof] < xfd|f] b'Mv p:tf
p:t} . lgjf{rg:yndf o:t} s'/f
;'lgGy] . ;+;b o:tf] df]x nufpg] ynf]
/x]5 . &)–&% jif{;Dd klg dflg;
pDd]bjf/ eP/ r'gfjdf n8]sf]
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5 ls < r'gfjnfO{ /0fgLlt agfP/
sDo'lgi6sf gfdwf/L r'gfj n8]sf]
b]Vbf cfZro{ nfU5 . ;w}F Ps} sxfF
x'G5 / < sDo'lgi6 efpFbf kf6L{x?
cf]/fnf] nflu/x]sf] b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|sf] l:ylt o:t} b]lvg nfu]sf] 5 .
pbfx/0fsf] nflu Ko""7fgdf g]skf
d;fnsf] o:t} cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 jf
b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . r'gfjnfO{ g} /0fgLlt
agfP/ efu lnFbf jf Pp6} JolQmnfO{
r'gfjdf p7fO/xFbf d;fn kmf6]sf]
cj:yf 5 . r' g fjdf xf/–lht
:jefljs xf] . Ko"7fgnfO{ nfnlsNnf
elgGYof] . t/, clxn] eTs]sf] cj:yf
5 . Ko"7fgdf clxn] Pdfn] g]tf ;"o{
yfkfsf] lht ePsf] 5 . kfFr bnsf]
;xf/f lnP klg a];xf/f b]lvof]
d;fn . g]skf d;fn km'6s ] f] 5 . oxL
sf/0fn] klg nfnlsNnf elgg] Ko"7fgdf
s]xL yf]/} dt cfpg ;S5 . cfufdL
r'gfjdf lht xfl;n u/f];\ oxL
z'e' sfggf . ;aeGbf 7"nf] ljrf/ /
l;4fGt xf] . sDo'l' gi6 ljrf/ x/fpFb}
uPkl5 c? kf6L{eGbf km/s b]vg] g\
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
 2 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/
d+l;/ $ sf] lgjf{rg / rf}af6f]df plePsf] /fhgLlt
ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
✍ ;DkfbsLo b]zsf] /fli6«o /fhgLlt lbgk|ltlbg
r'gfjk|lt r/d hgljt[i0ff cGof]nu|t aGb} uPsf] 5 . vf;u/L
;Qf / zlQmdf /x]sfx?n] ;a} If]q /
kIfnfO{ ;d]6/] nfg'sf] ;f6f] …km'6fp /
;+;bLo Joj:yf c;kmn ;fljt zf;g u/Ú eGg] gLlt lnPsf sf/0f
of] cj:yf cfPsf] xf] . ;/;tL{ x]bf{
xfn} ;DkGg ;+3 / k|bz ] ;efsf] r'gfjdf Go"g hg;xeflutf / Pdfn] g]sf+ / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|nufotsf
36\b} uPsf] dt kl/df0fnfO{ x]bf{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] b]zsf] /fli6«o
/fhgLltsf] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] b]lvP
/ g]tf c;kmn ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 eg] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 klg oyfy{df pgLx?n] ef/t /
kf6L{nufotsf bnsf] r'gfj vf/]h cleofgnfO{ clwsf+z cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLltsf] sfof{Gjogdf
hgtfsf] ;dy{g /x]s ] f] k|i6 x'G5 . ;+3 / k|bz
] ;efsf] r'gfjn] ;3fpg] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . slt;Dd
hgtfdf pT;fxeGbf klg ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfk|lt eg] Pdfn], g]kfnL sf+u; ]| / dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|nufotsf ;Qf / zlQmdf /x]sf
lasif{0f b]lvPsf] 5 . dª\l;/ $ ut] ePsf] ;+3 / k|bz ] ;efsf] ;a} bn /fhgLlts lx;fjn] ;dfg
r'gfjkl5 lgjf{rg cfof]usf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf k|dv ' lgjf{rg x'g\ . pgLx? ;a} blIf0fkGyL ;+;bjfbL
/x]sf] s'/fdf ljjfb ug]{ 7fpF 5}g .
cfo'Qm lbg]z yklnofsf] ck]Iff u/]eGbf sd dtbfg ePsf] t/, To;df klg g]sf+ / Pdfn]sf]
:jLsf/f]lQmn] ;d]t ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn c;kmn b'Oj{ 6f w'/L v8f u/]/ g]kfnsf] ;du|
/fhgLltnfO{ ljefhg ug]{ / cfk;df
ePsf] k|dfl0ft ub{5 . nf]stGqdf r'gfjdf gul/ssf] ;xeflutf h'wfP/ zf;g ug]÷{ u/fpg] sfdx?
;s[o ?kdf j[l4 x'bF } hfg'nfO{ o;sf] ;kmntfsf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf e}/x]sf 5g\ . d+l;/ rf/df ePsf]
dflgG5 . t/, ;fj{ef}d elgPsf hgtfsf] ;xeflutf klxn]eGbf lgjf{rgnfO{ klg ;f]xLcg';f/ ;~rfng
u/fOPsf] lyof] . g]sf+ / dfcf]jfbL
36\b} hfg' eg]sf] laBdfg Joj:yf / gful/s ck]IffaLr 7"nf] b"/L s]Gb|;lxtsf bnx?n] cfk"mnfO{ slyt
k}bf ePsf]n] ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tf c;kmn jfd nf]stflGqs zlQmsf] gfdfs/0f
ePsf] :jtM k|dfl0ft x'G5 . u/] klg To;df ;d]t ef/tLo /
cd]l/sL nlasf aLrdf ljefhg
;+;lbo r'gfjsf] ko{jI] f0f ul//x]sf] /fli6«o lgjf{rg ko{jI] f0f ul/Psf] 5 / a]nfavt 6s/fjsf]
;ldlt -lgof]s_ n] lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ /x] klg dtbftfdf pT;fx cj:yf cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|n] ug]{÷u/fpg] kl5Nnf ;a}
sd /x]sf] k|ltlqmof lbPsf] 5 eg] cGo dfgjclwsf/jfbL /fhgLlts ultljlw ju{;+3if{ /
;+:yfx?n] ;d]t nf]stGqdf dtbftfsf] pT;fx 36\b} uPsf]df
sDo'lgi6 /fhgLltsf ljZjJofkL d"No,
lrGtf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn / s]xL 7"nf elgPsf dfGotf / cfbz{ lakl/t /x]sf 5g\ .
blIf0fkGyL zlQmnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg]
;~rf/ dfWodx?n] ;d]t r'gfjdf gful/s ;xeflutf 36\b} hfg'df / jfdkGyL zlQmnfO{ l5GgleGg u/fpg]
blno s'zf;g, bnx?sf] Ph]G8fljxLg / ;Qf efua08fsf] p;sf] c3f]lift t/ d'Vo gLlt /x]sf]
/fhgLlt / nvf}s + f] ;+Vofdf ljb]lzg' kg]{ dtbftfx?sf] afWotf b]lvG5 . To;}n] o; k6ssf] lgjf{rgdf
g]kfnL sf+u;] | n] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf
h:tf s'/fx?tkm{ ;+st] u/]sf 5g\ . b]zdf dlxnf, blnt, ls;fg, k'iksdn bfxfnnfO{ b]zsf vf;u/L
j]/f]huf/ o'jf, cflbjf;L hghflt tyf lzIff / :jf:Yodf o;cl3sf] dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf cfwf/
If]qx?df nu]/ g]sf+sf] em08fd'lg ;f]xL
k'g;{/+ rgfsf ug{' kg]{ ;jfnx? 5g\ . lautdf tLg} d'2fx? p7fP/ kf6L{sf] kIfdf r'gfj k|rf/ u/fpg]
;Qfl;g ePsf kf6L{ / g]tfx¿ af/Daf/ zlQmdf t k'u] t/ tL sfd u¥of] . cWoIf bfxfn cfkm}n F ]
d'2fx¿sf] sfof{Gjog ePg . clxn]sf] r'gfadf t d'2fx? g} 5}gg\, laleGg ;fj{hlgs ;efx?dfkm{t\ sf+u;] |
/ dfcf] j fbL s] G b| ldqzlQm /
vfnL ;Qfsf] n]gb]g / af8kmf8 x'bF } cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] r'gfjk|lt ;dfg:t/sf kf6L{ ePsf] k|rf/ u/]sf
hglalqi0ff a9]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . sf/0f lgjf{rgdf w]/n } ] b'a} Pp6} x'g\
;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfsf sf/0f hgtfsf] eGb} sf+u; ]| sf] kIfdf dtbfg u/]sf]
b]lvPsf] 5 . g]sf+sf k|foM dtbftfx?n]
clwsf/ s'l07t dfq ePsf] 5}g, nf]stGqsf] ;d]t pkxf; ePsf] eg] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|nufotnfO{ v'n/]
5 . clxn] b]zdf j}bl] zs x:tIf]k, dxFuL, e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfn] ;Dk"0f{?kdf dtbfg gu/]sf] eGg]
s'/fx? klg cfPsf 5g\ . tYo /
;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 eg] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ 7Kk ePsf 5g\ . /fi6« tYof+sx?n] klg pk/f]Qm s'/fsf] k'li6
/ hgtfsf] af/]df ax; ug]{ ynf] ;+;b\ bn / g]tfx?sf] zlQm u/]sf 5g\ . b]vfpgsf nflu g]sf+ /
k|bz{g ug]{ / cfˆgf] bn / g]tfnfO{ kmfObf lng] cv8fsf] ?kdf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|nufotsf] r'gfjL
tfnd]n eg] klg leqL?kdf pgLx?sf
kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . sfo{kflnsf lgsDdf ePsf] 5, Gofokflnsf aLrdf 3fts k|]d ;DaGw /x]sf]
e|i6frf/sf] cv8f ag]sf] 5, b]z cfly{s?kn] w/fzoL x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .
l:yltdf k'us ] f] 5 eg] Pd;L;L, P;lkkL / gful/stf ljwo]s lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] Ps ;ftf
laTbf klg ;Dk"0f{ dt kl/0ffdx?
kf; u/]/ uDeL/ /fi6« / hg3ft ePsf] 5 . e|i6frf/, clgoldttf, aflx/ cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . b]zsf
sfnf]ahf/L, dxFuLn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 eg] k|x/L k|zf;g a]nufd bh{g a9L 7fpFx?df bf]xf]¥ofP/
dtbfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sltko
ePsf 5g\ . hgrf;f]sf ljifonfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]e{ Gbf dhfsdf :yfgdf oyf;dodf dtu0fgf x'g
p8fpg] sfo{ ;/sf/, ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfx?af6 eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;s] g . laleGg axfgfdf
oL ;a} 36gfn] ;/sf/ / ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tf dfqsf] geO{ ;du| dtu0fgfnfO{ em08} Ps xKtf;Dd
/f]Sg] sfd eof] . hxfF, hxfF cj/f]wsf]
;+;bLo Joj:yf g} c;kmn ePsf] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . ha;Dd cj:yf l;h{gf ul/Psf] lyof], To;
b]zdf ;+;bLo Joj:yf /xG5, ta;Dd b]z / hgtf oxL lgjf{rg If]qdf ;Qf?9 bnx?n]
uf]nrSs/df km:g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . dtkl/0ffd xft kf/]sf] tYof+sx?n]
b]vfPsf 5g\ . xfn;Dd d+l;/ rf/sf]
t;y{, b]z / hgtfnfO{ of] bn–bnaf6 kf/ nufpg ;+;bLo lgjf{rgsf] k|ToIftkm{sf] sl/j *)
Joj:yfs} ljsNk vf]Hg'kg]{ ;do cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] nflu g]kfn k|ltzt klg glthf ;fj{hlgs x'g
g;s]sf sf/0f efjL ;Qf /fhgLltsf
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] PsLs[t hgqmflGtdf uf]na4 x'gs ' f] af/]df :ki6 eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g .
ljsNk 5}g . lsgls ha;Dd b]zdf ;+;b\jfbL bn / ;+;bLo t/, klg xfn;Ddsf] r' g fjL
Joj:yf /xG5, ta;Dd h'g;'s} ;/sf/ ag] klg b]z / hgtfsf] c+sul0ftn] g]sf+ / Pdfn] klxnf] /
bf]>f] kf6L{ x'g] lglZrt ePsf] 5 .
d'lQm ;Dej 5}g . To;sf/0f, b]znfO{ jt{dfg ;+s6sf] e'd/Laf6 To;}u/L dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| / /fli6«o
kf/ nufpg cfd;r]t gful/s, /fhg}lts bn / zlQmx? PsLs[t :jtGq kf6L{sf] ;dfg x}l;ot x'g]
hgqmflGtdf nfda4 x'bF } g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ ;fy / ;xof]u b]lvPsf] 5 . cGo kf6L{x?sf] cl:tTj
eg] guGo g} /x]sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{
ub}{ b]zdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug{ sDd/ s;]/ nfUg'sf] km]l/ klg lqz+s' ;+;b / ldlnh'nL
ljsNk 5}g . cGoyf of] ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;b\jfbL bn / g]tfx?n] ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ u7g x'g] :ki6 ;+s]t
b]lvPsf] 5 . h;df g]sf+ / Pdfn]
b]z / hgtfnfO{ e8\vfnf]df xfNg] lglZrt 5, r]tgf eof . ;lDdlnt ;/sf/ ag]sf] v08df a9L
l6sfp x'g] b]lvG5 . t/, g]kfndf agfpg NofOPsf] eGg] s'/f lbgsf] sf/0f casf lbgdf g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo
xfjL /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«o zlQmn] Pdfn]
/ g]sf+nfO{ ldNg lbg] ;+efjgf 5}g .
3fd hlts} 5n{Ë ePsf] 5 . h;sf
sf/0f b]zn] k|ltjif{ !$ ca{eGbf
/fhgLlt emg\ las[t / laikmf]6k"0f{
aGb} hfg] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfndf
Pdfn]n] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| / PsLs[t a9L ljb]zL C0f yKb} hfg'k/]sf] 5 . klxn]b]lvs} cg'ej s] 5 eg] ha
;dfhjfbLh:tf kf6L{nfO{ ;d]6]/
;/sf/ agfpg] k|of; yfn] klg
To;} n ] xf] n f lgjf{ r gn] ;+ 3 Lo
/fhgLltnfO{ cTd;ft u/]g . u|fdL0f
;+;bdf w]/} /fhgLlts bnx?sf]
k|ltlglwTj /xG5, ;+;b / ;/sf/
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f
@)&( sf lgjf{rgx?df g]sf+ / dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|h:tf ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x?n] u7aGwgsf]
/fhgLlt ug]{ / OG8f] klZrdfsf] g]kfn gLltsf]
sfof{Gjog ug]÷{ u/fpg] k|of; u/]sf sf/0f
casf lbgdf g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo /fhgLlt emg\
las[t / laikmf]6k"0f{ aGb} hfg] b]lvPsf] 5 .
g]kfndf klxn]bl] vs} cg'ej s] 5 eg] ha
;+;bdf w]/} /fhgLlts bnx?sf] k|ltlglwTj
/xG5, ;+;b / ;/sf/ cl:y/ x'G5g\ .
To;kl5 Aoj:yf c;kmn x'g] / /fhgLlts
kl/jt{gsf] ;+efjgf k|an x'G5 . @)&@ sf]
;+ljwfgdf s'g} klg ;/sf/lj?4 u7g ePsf] b'O{ jif{;Dd cljZjf; k|:tfj;d]t Nofpg
gkfOg] h'g k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5, Tof] cfkm}dF f cnf]stflGqs k|fjwfg xf] . ljZjsf
cGo d'ns ' df ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] 8]9 dlxgfd} kl/jt{g ePsf pbfx/0fx? klg /x]sf
5g\ . casf lbgdf g]sf+ jf Pdfn] h;sf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ agfP klg b]zdf /fhgLlts
:yfloTj / zflGt sfod x'g ;Sg] b]lvFbg} . h'g s'/fnfO{ Pdfn]sf cWoIf
cf]nLnufotn] ;fj{hlgs?kdf :jLsf/]sf] cj:yf 5 . d+l;/ rf/sf] lgjf{rgn]
g]kfnsf] /fli6«o /fhgLltnfO{ rf}af6f]df k'¥ofPsf] 5 . of] ca htf klg hfg ;S5 .
w]/} e|dx?nfO{ phfu/ u/]sf] 5 eg] ca cfd"n /fhgLlts kl/jt{gnfO{ ;'lglZrt klg
agfPsf] 5 . )^# sf] kl/jt{gkl5 :yflkt /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] of] clGtd lgjf{rg
x'g ;Sg] k|an ;+efjgf 5 . ljrf/ljxLg / ju{;3+ if{ aflx/sf] :jfy{ s]lGb|t /fhgLltn]
s'g} klg b]znfO{ ;xL 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg ;Qm}g . To;}n] ca b]zdf nfu" ul/Psf]
las[t nf]stflGqs u0ftGq c;kmn eP/ To;sf] 7fpFdf hgjfbL u0ftGqn] :yfg lng]
5 . ;+3Lo zf;gsf] cGTo eP/ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gsf] :yfkgf x'g] 5 . u7aGwgsf]
/fhgLltsf] cGTo eP/ ljrf/sf] /fhgLltn] k|dv ' tf kfpg] 5 . h;sf nflu efjL
lbgdf hgkIfLo zlQmx?sfaLrdf Pstf / ;dembf/L cfjZos 5 .
To;sf] ;+efjgf Go"g 5 . To;}n] g]sf+s} If]qdf Go"g dt v;]sf] kfOPsf] 5 cl:y/ x'G5g\ . To;kl5 Aoj:yf
g] t [ T jdf km] l / klg dfcf] j fbL eg] zx/L If] q df 7" n f bnx? c;kmn x'g] / /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf]
s]Gb|;lxtsf bnx?sf] ;/sf/ u7g t'ngfTds?kdf alxis[t ePsf 5g\ . ;+efjgf k|an x'G5 . @)&@ sf]
x'g] ;+efjgf k|an 5 . g]sf+df To;} sf/0fn] /lj nfld5fg] g]tT[ jsf] ;+ljwfgdf s'g} klg ;/sf/lj?4 u7g
k|wfgdGqLsf bfa]bf/ k|foM ;a}n] /fli6«o :jtGq kf6L{, t/fO{df l;s] ePsf] b' O { jif{ ; Dd cljZjf;
r'gfj lht]sf sf/0f ca ls t g]sf+ /fpt g]tT[ jsf] hgdt kf6L{ tyf k|:tfj;d]t Nofpg gkfOg] h'g
ljeflht x'G5 ls eg] b]pjfn] g]tT[ j klZrd÷ ;'b/" klZrdsf s]xL lgjf{rg k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5, Tof] cfkm}Fdf
5f8\g'kg{] x'G5 . To;}u/L Pdfn]n] If]qx?df /]zd rf}w/L g]t[Tjsf] cnf]stflGqs k|fjwfg xf] . ljZjsf
/fk| k f, h;kf, hgdt kf6L{ / gful/s pGd'lQm kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] cGo d'n'sdf ;/sf/ u7g ePsf]
:jtGqnfO{ ;d]6]/ ;/sf/ agfpg] cl:yTj b]vfpg ;s]sf] :ki6 5 . 8] 9 dlxgfd} kl/jt{ g ePsf
k|of; ug{ ;S5 . :jtGq kf6L{sf] ;fy pgLx? cfufdL kfFr jif{sf] ;+;bLo pbfx/0fx? klg /x]sf 5g\ . casf
lnP/ g]sf+ jf Pdfn]n] ;/sf/ agfpg] /fhgLltdf lg0ff{os geP klg g]sf+ lbgdf g]sf+ jf Pdfn] h;sf] g]tT[ jdf
;+efjgf klg 5 . o; k6ssf] ;+;bdf / Pdfn]h:tf kf6L{nfO{ wSsf lbO/xg] ;/sf/ agfP klg b]zdf /fhgLlts
/fli6«o :jtGq kf6L{ lg0ff{os x'g ;Sg] cj:yfdf /xg] 5g\ . of] lgjf{rgdf :yfloTj / zflGt sfod x'g ;Sg]
b]lvG5 . vf; ljrf/ljxLg ;d"x xfn;Ddsf] dt kl/0ffdnfO{ x]bf{ gofF b]lvFbg} . h'g s'/fnfO{ Pdfn]sf cWoIf
ePsfn] ;f] kf6L{sf sf/0f ;Qf /fhgLlt bn / k' / fg} bnsf klg gofF cf] n Lnufotn] ;fj{ h lgs?kdf
w]/} cl:y/ x'g ;Sg] ;+efjgf 5 . pDd]bjf/k|lt dtbftfx?sf] Wofg :jLsf/]sf] cj:yf 5 . d+l;/ rf/sf]
dfGg}kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] lgjf{rgsf] a9L s]lGb|t /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . 7"nf lgjf{ r gn] g] k fnsf] /fli6« o
k|f/lDes glthf 7"nf bnsf g]tfx?sf] bnsf 7"nf g]tfx? vf;u/L g]t[Tjn] /fhgLltnfO{ rf}af6f]df k'¥ofPsf] 5 .
k"j{ cfFsng lakl/t cfPsf] 5 . cf–cfkm\ g f] kf6L{ n fO{ JolQmut of] ca htf klg hfg ;S5 . w]/}
;+;bdf lgjf{rgdf efu lnPsf %& ;Dkltsf ?kdf k|of]u ug]{ h'g sfd e|dx?nfO{ phfu/ u/]sf] 5 eg] ca
bndWo] sl/j !)÷!@ j6f bnsf] dfq u/]sf] lyof], To;sf] klg dtbftfx?n] cfd" n /fhgLlts kl/jt{ g nfO{
k|ltlglwTj /xg] ;+efjgf 5 . h;df /fd|} hjfkm lbPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;'lglZrt klg agfPsf] 5 . )^#
g]dlskf / /fhdf] klg /xg] 5g\ . g]kfnsf bnx?n] /fi6« / /fli6«o sf] kl/jt{gkl5 :yflkt /fhgLlts
of] lgjf{ r gn] b] z df nfu" PstfnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ sfd ug{ Joj:yfsf] of] clGtd lgjf{rg x'g
u/fOPsf] ldl>t lgjf{rg k|0ffnL gyfn];Dd oxfFsf] /fhgLltdf ;'wf/ ;Sg] k|an ;+efjgf 5 . ljrf/ljxLg
c;kmn /x]sf] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . cfpg] / b]zdf ljsf; / kl/jt{gn] / ju{;+3if{ aflx/sf] :jfy{ s]lGb|t
bnx?n] k|ToIf / ;dfg'kfltstkm{ ult lng] s' g } ;+ e fjgf 5} g . /fhgLltn] s'g} klg b]znfO{ ;xL 9+un]
kfPsf] dt ;+Vofsf] cGt/n] klg sDo'lgi6 hgdt k|an /x]sf] b]zdf cufl8 a9fpg ;Qm}g . To;}n] ca
pk/f]Qm s'/fsf] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 . b] z elQm alnof] x' g ' k g] { d f s] x L b] z df nfu" ul/Psf] las[ t
lgjf{rgn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«o /fhgLltdf sDo' l gi6 gfdwf/L kf6L{ x ? nf]stflGqs u0ftGq c;kmn eP/
hflto / If]qLo ;dfj]lztfnfO{ klg cGt/f{li6«o?kdf lasfpsf] cj:yfdf To;sf] 7fpFdf hgjfbL u0ftGqn]
k"/} OGsf/ u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lotfsf /x]sfn] /fi6« / /fli6«otf Pa+ b]zelQm :yfg lng] 5 . ;+3Lo zf;gsf] cGTo
gfddf 7"nf bnsf sfo{stf{nfO{ hflu/ sdhf]/ ePsf] xf] . eP/ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gsf] :yfkgf
Vjfpg] k|0ffnLnfO{ klg g]kfnL hgtfn] @)&( sf lgjf{rgx?df g]sf+ / x'g] 5 . u7aGwgsf] /fhgLltsf] cGTo
g?rfPsf] :ki6 5 . ;+ 3 Lotf dfcf] j fbL s] G b| h :tf ;+ ; b\ j fbL eP/ ljrf/sf] /fhgLltn] k|d'vtf
g]kfnnfO{ cfly{s?kdf 6f6 pN6fpg, kf6L{x?n] u7aGwgsf] /fhgLlt ug]{ kfpg] 5 . h;sf nflu efjL lbgdf
/fhgLlts snx a9fpg / ;fdflhs / OG8f] klZrdfsf] g]kfn gLltsf] hgkIfLo zlQmx?sfaLrdf Pstf /
ljefhg tyf b]znfO{ c:tAo:t sfof{Gjog ug]÷ { u/fpg] k|of; u/]sf ;dembf/L cfjZos 5 .
 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/ 3

/fli6o« :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff / j}1flgs ;dfhjfb k|flKtsf nflu lgd{d ;+3if{ cfjZos
clxn] g]kfndf bnfn k'FhLjfbL o'jf hgzlQmsf] ljb]z knfog, xTof, cfdfsf sf]vx? l/Qf eP, xhf/f}+ bnfn k'h F Ljfbsf] ;]jf ug{ yfNof] .
‘cGgk"0f{’ krfpg ul/Psf] gf6s Û
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng lsg ljs]Gb|Lt ljeflht / uf]nrSs/df kml;/x]sf]
5 < lsg dfcf]kl5 j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL qmflGtx¿ ;kmn x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ <
;+;bLo Joj:yfcGtu{t ;+3 / k|bz ] lx+;f, n'6kf6, cft+s, anfTsf/, dlxnfsf l;pFbf] k'l5P, xhf/f}+ ;+Vofdf ju{ cGTo ug]{ zlQm aGg'sf] ;§f ju{ klxnf] ;dfhjfbL b]z ;f]leot ;+3b]lv k"jL{ o'/f]k;Ddsf ;dfhjfb lsg
;efsf] slyt lgjf{rgdf ;/sf/n] czflGt, k'FhL dfly :jb]zL tyf a] k Qf eP, nfvf} + afnsx? lgdf{0f ug]{ ;+:yfdf ab\lnFof] . k'/fg} c;kmn eP < rLg, sf]l/of, So'jf, leotgfdn] lsg cfˆgf ljz]iftfsf
w]/}nfO{ 3fOt] tyf cËe+u kf/L / ljb]zL bnfnx?sf] lgoGq0f, k|fs[lt cleefjsljxLg ag], nfvf}s + f] ;+Vofn] bnx?sf] gLltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbFb} ;dfhjfb eGg' k/]sf] 5 < ;fd|fHojfbL bnfn k'FhLjfbLx¿n] s;/L
s]xLsf] 5ftLdf uf]nL xfg]/ xTof u/L >f]t;fwg dfly ljb]zL x}sd, dlxnf cfˆgf] lhag aaf{b agfP, /fHosf] la=;+= @)^$ ;fndf ef/t;Fu lgod qmflGtsf/Lx¿nfO{ tf]8kmf]8 ug{ ;kmn x'G5g\ < lsg sDo'lg:6 g]tfx¿
/fHosf] c/af} + 9' s ' 6 L vr{ u/L lx+;f, ;fdflhs lje]b, k|ultzLn tyf v/af}s+ f] ef}lts ;DklQ g:6 eof] . lakl/t ck/ s0ff{nL ;Demf}tf u/L lghL :jfy{df ljrng x'g k'U5g\ <
lgjf{ r g ;DkGg u/] s f] 5 . of] df}lns ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/fx?sf] d"No dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] tTsfnLg zfxL ;fd|fHojfbsf] ljZjfl;nf] gofF kf6L{ ofjt\ ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg xfdLn]
lgjf{rgdf hgtfsf] ;xeflutf clt dfly x|f; u/L klZrd]nL 5f8f ljs[lt ;] g f;F u n8] / g] k fnsf] *) aGg vf]Hof] . dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng b}lgs hLjg Jojxf/sf 6'qmfdf vf]h/]
g} Go"g x'g uof] . lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL leq\ofPsf], bnfn / e|i6x?nfO{ alnof] k|ltzteGbf a9L e"efu cfˆgf] sAhfdf leq}sf] qmflGtsf/L wf/n] kf6L{ km'6fP/ ;+ej 5}g . o;sf nflu xfdLn] bz{g,
gofF kf6L{ k'gu{7g u/]/ hgo'4sf] efjgf cy{ ; DaGw, /fhg} l ts k| 0 ffnL,
bof/fd ;L / nIo s]Gb|Lt x'bF } ;+;bjfbdf 8'as
knfog ePsf] / lj;h{g ePsf] g]tT[ j
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kf6L{ n fO{ km' 6 lt/ nfg] d' V o
ljutsf Oltxf;nfO{ lgofNbf g]kfnsf] cl:y/ / k|jl[ Qsf la?4 e08fkmf]/ ub}{ qmflGt
e"ldsfdf em'08x? lyP kl5Nnf] r/0f
tyf cfGbf]ngsf] g]tT[ j ug{ yfNof] .
/fhgLltsf] a]nf b]zLljb]zL zlQm s]Gb| / ;fd|fHojfbn] To; qmd;Fu} ;Qfwf/L sDo'lg:6x? km]l/ ax'dt gfdwf/L Pp6f ;d"x hf]
klg ljrf/ / l;4fGtxLg kf6L{ Pstf wd]G{ b|sf] g]tT[ jdf s]lGb|t Pp6f l6d
Jofks rnv]n ug],{ gofF if8\oGqsf/L of]hgfdfkm{t\ u/]/ lgjf{rgdf xf]ldP hgtfn] ;fy hf] lgs} qmflGtsf/L eGg] u5{ t'kmfg ‘l;’
d'ns' sf] :jfwLgtf emg\ sdhf]/ kfg]{ / hgflwsf/ lbP / b'O{ ltxfO{sf] ax'dt k|fKt u/L cfk"mnfO{ Û kf6L{sf] !@ cf}+ s]lGb|o
;/sf/ u7g u/] . s';L{, kb / :jfy{sf ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ax'dtn] kfl/t l/; / 8fxfn] qmflGt x'g]
vf]:g] h:tf 3[l0ft if8\oGq u/L /fi6« / hgtfnfO{ nflu s'/f gldNbf km]l/ kf6L{ km'6fP/ :yfgLo lgaf{rgnfO{ :jtGq ?kdf
k6s–k6s km;fPsf] oyfy{ xfdLdfem 5n{Ë 5Fb5} . k'/fg} kf6L{df kmls{P . dfcf]jfbL gfdsf] JolQm hfg] s'/fnfO{ kfl/t ul/of] / eP plxn] g} ;DkGg
kf6L{ sf+ u | ] ; ;F u ldnL ;af] { R r kf6L{ tTsfn btf{ g ug]{ s'/f ;a}df x'GYof] . qmflGt ug{ ;xL
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sd/]8 wd]G{ b|, ;'bz{g g} x'gx' G' Yof] clg gLlt / g]tT[ j x'gk ' 5{,
;dfhjfb k|fKt ug]{ ;+3if{sf lbgx?df uGb} tyf kl/0ffdsf] :t/df abNb} g]kfnsf gfdsf] sDo'lg:6 ;/sf/nfO{ kmfn]/
s;/L a}7skl5 kf6L{ cfˆg} gLlt nDk;f/ k/]/ xf]Og .
sf+u;]| sf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ u7g u/L
;Dk"0f{ qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿ Ps hf]8sf ;fy /fi6«3ft, e|i6frf/, dxFuL, d"Noj[l4, Pd;L;L / P;kLkLh:tf] /fi6«3ft u/L sfo{gLlt x'G5 xf]nf < cflwsfl/s
c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tf / ;fdflhs lje]bsf lj?4 ;r]ttfsf] cfGbf]ng;lxt /fi6«3ftsf] laNnf le/] . lg0f{o lakl/t ;fd|fHojfbL bnfn qmflGtsf/L
;+;bjfbL g]t[Tj / Joj:yfsf] ldl8ofnfO{ k| o f] u ub} { laKnj,
hgtfsf] d'lQm, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / j}1flgs ;dfhjfb k|flKtsf nflu cfGbf]ngsf] c;kmntfsf sf/0f oxLF k|sf08sf] v]bf] vGb} lxF8\g] clnslt sDo'lg:6x?sf]
Joj:yfcGtu{t s'g} kf6L{sf] oyfy{ g}ltstfsf] klg s'g} x]Ssf g/fVg]x?af6 Pstflagf ul/g] x/]s
cfFwLa]x/Lsf] cfjZostf 5 / ;Dej klg 5 . ax'dt gx'g,] ldlnh'nL ;/sf/ aGg], qmflGt x'G5 eGg] s'g} cfwf/ 5}g /
hgtfn] cfˆgf] OR5f, rfxgfn] geO{ agfP/ >dhLlj / b]zeQmx?nfO{ emg\ lnof], cfˆg} ;]gf agfP/ ufpFufpFdf ;fpgdf RofpF pd|] em}+ pd|s ] f RofpF/] x'Fb}g klg, s]xL dfG5]x?n] p:sfP/ cfGbf]ng xf];\ of qmflGt
;Defjgf sxfF 5 qmflGtsf] Û pQm
s] x L nf] e , k| n f] e g / /fhgLlt sdhf] / agfPsf] , Pd;L;L / hg;Qf ;+rfng u¥of], hgcbfnt k|ltlglwx? / cGo k'/fgf e|i6
a}7sdf xf]6n cGgk"0f{sf] s]; ldnfO{
;kmn x'g} ;Sb}g .
bnx?sf] tLa| bafasf sf/0f dtbfg P;kLkLh:tf c;dfg /fi6« 3 ftL agfof], cfˆg} lgod rnfof], xhf/f}+ bnx¿sf g]tfx? ;fd|fHojfbsf] gofF
u/] . w]/} dtbfg:ynx?df a'y sAhf, ;Demf}tfdfkm{t\ /fli6«o :jfwLgtfnfO{ laufxf hUuf e"dflkmofx?af6 vf];/] of]hgfdf km:g], pgLx?sf xftsf lbg] eGb} s= ;'bz{gn] kf6L{nfO{ s'g} jf:tjdf pgLx?
x'nb+uf czflGt 5fof] lzju9L / ljb]zLx?sf] sAhfdf kf/]/ d'ns ' nfO{ hgsDo'g rnfof], e|i6 / bnfnx?nfO{ v]nf}gf ag]s} / e|i6frf/ u/]s} sf/0f hfgsf/L lagf NofPsf] krf; nfvsf]
gofFufpF h:tf ufpFx?n] r'gfj vf/]h gjpklgj]zlt/ ws]ns ] f] 5 . ufpF–ufpFaf6 nv]l6of], dWokfg, gofF RofpF/]x?sf jf:tljs cg'xf/ kf6L{ n ] :ki6Ls/0f;lxt r} q PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf]
u/L l;h{glzn sfo{ u/], /f]Nkf Pj+ sf+u;]| n] u/]sf] cfGbf]ng, qmflGt w"dk| fg, nfu"cf}ifw, hfF8–/S;L, h'jf– rfF8} hgtfaLr pbf+lug] k|i6 5 . d;fGt;Dd kf6L{ n fO{ a' e mfpg] sfo{lbzfaf6 efu]sf
sflnsf] 6 h:tf sDo' l g:6 / r'gfjdf hgtfn] ;fy lbPs} sf/0f tf;, rf]/L–8s}tL, lx+;f, anfTsf/, ljutsf Oltxf;nfO{ lgofNbf g]kfnsf] k|lta4tf hgfPsf ;'bz{g PsfPs
qmflGtsf/Lsf cvf8f ePsf ef/t;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L la=;+= @)!! ;dfhaf6 ;fdflhs lje]b d'Qm eof] . cl:y/ /fhgLltsf] a]nf b]zLljb]zL kf6L{sf] gLlt ljlw lawfg lakl/t pN6} 5]kf/fx? x'g, g k|i6
cgfjZos s'/f ub}{ lxF8\g' g} pxfFx?
;lsg' lyof]] . cGttM ToxL eof] efUg' sfo{gLlt g /0fgLlt clg
:yfgx?df dtbftf dtbfg:yn ;fndf sf]zL / la=;+= @)!^ ;fndf hgtfn] ;fdGtLx?af6 d'lQm kfP, zlQm s]Gb| / ;fd|fHojfbn] Jofks
ghfFbf ;/sf/sf] 7f8f] lgb]{zgdf u08sL a]r/] vfP . la=;+= @)@* hgcbfntaf6 Gofo kfP . ;j{xf/f rnv] n ug] { , gofF if8\ o Gqsf/L
;+s6sfn z}nLdf g]kfnL ;]gfsf x]nL ;fndf ls;fgx?n] ;'? u/]sf] emfkf hgtfsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fy / ;xof]un] zfxL of]hgfdfkm{t\ d'ns ' sf] :jfwLgtf emg\ csf]{ ljsNk lyPg . s]xL c/fhs s'/f qmflGtsf/L . Tof]
p8fP/ hgtfnfO{ ql;t kfl/of] . lab|fx] af6 :yflkt g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ ;]gfnfO{ w'nf] r6fP/ la=;+= @)^@– sdhf]/ kfg]{ / hgflwsf/ vf]:g] h:tf em'08;lxt kf6L{nfO{ ab\gfd ub}{
qmflGtsf/L zlQmx?n] of] slyt hgtfn] ;fy lbP/ ;/sf/df k7fPs} ^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngdf ;fy lbP . 3[l0ft if8\oGq u/L /fi6« / hgtfnfO{ cGgk"0f{ krfpg cg]s d+rg ug{ ;d"x leq klg Pp6f
lgjf{rgn] ;du| d'n'snfO{ cfly{s, sf/0f ef/t;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L la=;+= la=;+= @)^$ ;fnsf] ;+lawfg ;efsf] k6s–k6s km;fPsf] oyfy{ xfdLdfem k¥of] . ;d"x oxL slyt
/fhgLlts / ;fdflhs b[li6n] emg\ @)%# ;fndf dxfsfnL a]r/] vfP . lgjf{rgdf cTolws ax'dt;lxt 5n{Ë 5Fb5 } . To;sf/0f casf afFsL r'gfj Pp6f sfo{gLlt lyof] eg]
sdhf]/ agfpg] eGb} dtkq lrg],{ la=;+= @)%@ ;fnb]lv ;'? ePsf] dxfg\ dfcf]jfbL ljrf/ / g]tT[ jnfO{ ;Qfdf lbgx¿nfO{ j}1flgs ;dfhjfb k|fKt oxL Joj:yfnfO{ dfg]/ hfg] sxLF, st} lgjf{rgdf ef]6 a]Rb}
hnfpg] cyf{t\ k|ltjfb u/]s} sf/0f b; jif{ s f] hgo' 4 n] g] k fnaf6 k'¥ofP . ;Qfdf k'uk] l5 dfcf]jfbL ug]{ ;+3if{sf lbgx?df uGb} tyf n]lvPsf] lyPg . pQm r'gfjdf :jtGq
w]/}nfO{ lx/f;t /fv]/ d'2f nufPsf] /fhtGqfTds ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTo hgo'4sf] efjgf cg'?k ;j{xf/f kl/0ffdsf] :t/df abNb} g]kfnsf pDd]bjf/ lbFb} ubf{ qmflGtdf wf]sf lxF8b \ } lyP, pgLx?n] g}
5 . ufpF If] q x?df bnx¿n] u/L gofF hgjfbL /fHo Joj:yf :yfkgf >dhLlj hgtfsf] /fHo;Qf / zf;g ;Dk"0f{ qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿ Ps eGb} cf/f]k–k|ltcf/f]k nufpFb} kf6L{nfO{ clxn] ljKnj g]tT[ jsf]
cgfjZos bafa ;[hgf u/]sf sf/0f ug],{ ;g\ !(%) b]lv xfn;Dd g]kfn;Fu Joj:yf :yfkgf u/L hgjfb nfb]/ hf]8sf ;fy /fi6«3ft, e|i6frf/, km'6fpg s]xL em'08x? kf6L{ k|ltaGws}
s]xLn] dtbfg u/] klg ;x/ If]qsf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] ;dfhjfbsf] dfu{ k|z:t ug{s ' f] ;§f dxF u L, d" N oj[ l 4, c;dfg ;lGw a]nf leqleq k:b} lyP . Tof] kf6L{nfO{ g]skfnfO{ Nofpg] cf/f]k
dtbfg:ynx? k|foM l/Q} lyP . w]/d } f k"0f{ vf/]hL ug],{ ;j{xf/f g]kfnL hgtfsf] lj8Dagf dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf] g]tT[ j ;Demf}tf / ;fdflhs lje]bsf lj?4 /fd|f];Fu yfxf lyof]], qmflGtdf ljleGg eg]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfd}
#) k|ltzteGbf sd dtbfg ePsf] ;Qf :yfkgf ug],{ b]znfO{ ljZjs} dfn]dfjfbL ljrf/nfO{ nTofpFb} lj:tf/} ;r]ttfsf] cfGbf]ng;lxt hgtfsf] r/0fx? cfpF5g, Tof] ?kfGt/0f;lxtsf]
;a}df k|:6} 5 . dtbfgaf6 k|fKt :jfwLg, ;DkGgzfnL tyf zlQmzfnL ;+;bjfbdf ktg x'g k'Uof] . ;j{xf/f d'lQm, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / j}1flgs gofF hf]z sfd/]8x?df cfpg' kg]{ lyof] uP hldgbf/ ag] .
lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffdn] s;}sf] klg :ki6 d'n's agfpg] dxfg\ nIo tyf >dhLlj hgtf, ;lxb kl/jf/, ufOt], ;dfhjfb k|flKtsf nflu cfGbf]ngsf] la8Dagf egf}F ls b'Mvb Û
ax' d t gcfpg] , k' / fgf alnof p2]Zo;lxt o'4df xf]ldof] . xhf/f}s + f] ckf+u, a]kQf kl/jf/x?sf] ;]jf tyf cfFwLa]x/Lsf] cfjZostf 5 / ;Dej Tof] s]xL ;fyLx¿df cfPg h'g uf8L r9] 5f]/f 8fS6/
elgPsf bnx? sdhf] / aGg] , alnbfgL eof], nfvf}+ cËeË eP, xhf/f}+ vf]hL ug{s ' f] ;§f ;fd|fHojfb tyf klg 5 . PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] sfo{lbzfnfO{ ;xL agfP oxL xf] ts{
tl/sfn] kqmg sl7g ePsf] lyof]] .

r'gfjdf cfsif{0feGbf ljsif{0f a9L

u7hf]8af6 aGg] ;/sf/ emg\ cl:y/,
u'hlN6Psf] x'g\ . ;+;b ;fd|fHojfbsf]
v]nd}bfg tyf ;f+;bx? OR5f k"/f
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hgtfn] ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{ / g]tT[ jeGbf
ljsNkdf dtbfg u/] . o;af6
g]kfnL hgtfn] ;+;bjfbL kf6L{ /
;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] ljsNksf] dfu
u/]sf] k|i6 k|dfl0ft x'G5 . g]kfnL
hgtfn] ;du| kl/jt{g, hgtfsf]
d'lQm / /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf kIfdf
g]kfndf rn]sf x/]s cfGbf]ng /
qmflGtx?df ;fy lbP, alnbfg u/]
r'gfjdf ef]6 xfn]/ g]tfx¿nfO{
;/sf/df klg k'ufP / b'O{ ltxfO{
klg lbP t/ pg} g]tfx¿n] /fi6« /
hgtfs} lj?4 3ft, if8\ o Gq,
hfnem]n, wf]sf / bdg u/] . @))&
;fndf /fhf, /f0ff, sf+u|]; / ef/t
ldnL of]hgfa4 g]kfndf leq\ofPsf]
;+;bLo Joj:yfn] g]kfnsf /fi6«elQm
>dhLlj hgtf / /fi6«sf] kIfdf
cfh;Dd s'g} klg ;Demg nfPs
pbfx/0fLo sfd ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
pN6} /fi6«3ft, e|i6frf/, dxFuL,
d"Noj[l4, c;dfg ;lGw;Demf}tf, bIf
sf7df8f}F . s]lGb|o k|ltlglw / k|bz ] x'sb{ } uPsf] cy{df klg lng ;lsG5 .
;efsf nflu d+l;/ $ ut] ;DkGg ;+;lbo r'gfjsf] ko{jI] f0f ul//x]sf]
r'gfjdf Go"g hg;xeflutf / 36\b} /fli6«o lgjf{rg ko{jI] f0f ;ldtL -
uPsf] dt kl/df0fnfO{ x]bf{ r'gfjn] lgof]s_ n] lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ /x] klg
hgtfdf pT;fxeGbf klg k'/fgf kf6L{ / dtbftfdf pT;fx sd /x]sf] k|ltlqmof
k'/fg} g]tfk|ltsf] lasif{0f b]lvPsf] 5 . lbPsf] 5 eg] cGo dfgjclwsf/jfbL
cfO{tjf/ ;fFem lgjf{rg cfof]usf] kqsf/ ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t nf]stGqdf dtbftfsf]
;Dd]ngnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ k|dv ' lgjf{rg pT;fx 36\b} uPsf]df lrGtf JoQm
cfo'Qm lbg]z yklnofn] JoQm u/]sf] u/]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn / s]xL
k|ltlqmofaf6 ;d]t r'gfj pT;fhgs 7"nf elgPsf ;~rf/ dfWodx?n] ;d]t
gePsf] k|:6 x'g cfpF5 . …l56k'6 r'gfjdf gful/s ;xeflutf 36\b}
36gfsf aLr lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf hfg'df blno s'zf;g, bnx?sf]
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . clxn];Dd ^! Ph]G8fljxLg / ;Qfsf] efua08f
k|ltzt dt v;]sf] b]lvG5, of] eg]sf] /fhgLlt / nvf}s + f] ;+Vofdf ljb]lzg'
xfdLn] ck]Iff u/]eGbf sd xf]Ú– k|dv ' kg]{ dtbftfx?sf] afWotf h:tf
lgjf{rg cfo'Qm yklnofn] eg] . s'/fx?tkm{ ;+st] u/]sf 5g\ .
nf]stGqdf r'gfjdf gul/ssf] lgjf{rg cfof]un] r'gfj zflGtk"0f{
;xeflutf ;s[o ?kdf j[l4 x'bF } hfg'nfO{ ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] eg]/ k|ltlqmof
o;sf] ;kmntfsf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf lbPsf] eP klg b]ze/ ad lj:kmf]6,
dflgG5 . t/, ;fj{ef}d elgPsf k|x/L x:tfIf]k, dtk]l6sf vf]l;g] /
hgtfsf] ;xefuL klxn]eGbf 36\b} hfg' hnfOg] sfo{x? ePsf lyP eg] sltko
eg]sf] ljBdfg Joj:yf / gful/s 7fpFdf lgjf{rg k'gM ug]{ ul/ :ylut
ck]IffaLr 7"nf] vf8n / b"/L 5 eGg] ePsf lyP . /f]Nkf yjfª j8f g+= ! df
:jtM cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . k|sf/fGt/n] !#!$ dtbftf /x]sf]df @#) hgfn]
o;nfO{ Joj:yf leqsf] ;+s6sf] lah dfq} dtbfg u/]sf 5g\ . kf]v/f
pkdxfgu/sf] j8f g #@ sf ;'sD' af;L
a:tLsf s;}n] klg dtbfg gu/]sf]
kmf]6f] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . To:t}
slknj:t'sf] lzj/fh gu/kflnsf–(
sf] lzju9Ldf $)@( dtbftf /x]sf]df
@)*) dt dfq} v;]sf 5g\ . b]ze} /L
dtbfg gug]x{ ?sf] ;+Vof ca nfvf}F
k'us] f] 5 . afh'/fsf] Ps dtbfg s]Gb|df
b'O{ u7aGwgaLr ljjfb ePkl5 k|x/Ln]
uf]nL rnfpFbf Ps :yfgLo ;~hLj
P]8Lsf] d[To'' ePsf] lyof] .
d'ns' df ljleGg k|sf/sf ;d:of
/ d'2fx? 5g\ . dlxnf, blnt, ls;fg,
a]/f]huf/ o'jf, cflbjf;L hghflt
tyf lzIff / :jf:Yodf k'g;{/+ rgfsf
ug{' kg]{ ;jfnx? 5g\ . lautdf ltg}
d'2fx? p7fP/ ;Qfl;g ePsf kf6L{ /
g]tfx¿ af/Daf/ zlQmdf t k'u] t/
d'2fx¿sf] sfof{Gjog ePg . clxn]sf]
r'gfadf t d'2fx? g} 5}gg\ . vfnL
;Qfsf] n]gb]g / afF8kmf8 5 . kf6L{
/ g]tfx? 6]:6]8 5g\ . r'gfjn] logsf]
lasNk;d]t lbg ;s]g / gful/sx?
pT;flxt x'g ;s]gg .
– z]/axfb'/ ljZjsdf{
Tof] ;d"xnfO{ xf] cfk"mnfO{ clxn] qmflGtsf/L eGg]x?sf] Û
qmflGtsf/L 7fG5 . qmflGt u5{' eGb} nfU5 ufpF3/df
efu]sf] klg em08} ^–& dlxgf k'u]5 .
ef]ln g} qmflGt u5{' eGg]x?nfO{ s:n] bfh'efOsf] emu8f x'b Ff
/f]Sof] < qmflGt ug{ ls ls/0f sfd/]8n]
/f]Sg' eof] . hf] &$ s} r'gfjdf slyt p;nfO{ 7"nf] efu lbof]
;+;bLo Joj:yfdf kf6L{ g} btf{ u/]/ dnfO{ ;fgf] ofjt\
r'gfj n8\g' ePsf] lyof] Tof] kf6L{nfO{
qmflGtsf/L /] Û sfo{gLlt dfq} k|of]udf s'/f;Fu hf]8g \ ] cfk"mnfO{
Nofpbf xfdLrflxF ;+;bjfbL a8f] bofF
nfU5 pxfFx?nfO{ b]Vbf .
bfz{lgs /] Û of] bfz{lgs
l/; / 8fxfn] qmflGt x'g] eP xf]Og pNn' r]tgf xf] Û
plxn] g} ;DkGg x'GYof] . qmflGt ug{
;xL gLlt / g]tT[ j x'gk' 5{, nDk;f/ k/]/ xf]Og . qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6x?sf]
Pstflagf ul/g] x/]s cfGbf]ng xf];\ of qmflGt ;kmn x'g} ;Sb}g .
jf:tjdf pgLx? PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] sfo{lbzfaf6 efu]sf 5]kf/fx?
x'g, g k|i6 sfo{gLlt g /0fgLlt clg s'/f qmflGtsf/L . Tof] ;d"x leq
klg Pp6f ;d"x oxL slyt lgjf{rgdf ef]6 a]Rb} lxF8\b} lyP, pgLx?n] g}
clxn] ljKnj g]t[Tjsf] g]skfnfO{ Nofpg] cf/f]k eg]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfd}
uP hldgbf/ ag] . uf8L r9] 5f]/f 8fS6/ agfP oxL xf] ts{ qmflGtsf/L
eGg]x?sf] Û nfU5 ufpF3/df bfh'efOsf] emu8f x'Fbf p;nfO{ 7"nf] efu
lbof] dnfO{ ;fgf] ofjt\ s'/f;Fu hf]8\g] cfk"mnfO{ bfz{lgs /] Û of] bfz{lgs
xf]Og pNn' r]tgf xf] Û
pgLx?af6 slxn] qmflGt ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g Tof] n]v]/ /fVbf x'G5 .
cj;/jfbL kbnf]eLx?n] qmflGt ug]{ eGb} lxF8\g'sf] s'g} t's 5}g . g]kfndf
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] nflu qmflGt ;kmn x'G5 eg] laKnj …l;Ú s}
g]t[Tjdf x'G5, Tof] xfdL ;kmn u5f}{+ .
 4 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] ‘gjf}“ kf6L{
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] …gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;Ú b]zJofkL?kdf
eJotfsf ;fy dgfPsf] 5 . pQm kf6L{n] dª\l;/ * ut] …gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g
lbj; eJo ?kdf dgfcf}+, PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] lbzfdf cl3 a9f}+Ú eGg] d"n
gf/fsf ;fy b]zJofkL?kdf …gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;Ú eJotfsf ;fy dgfPsf]
xf] . @)^( ;fndf k'iksdn bfxfn g]tT[ jsf] g]skf -PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL_ af6
ljb|f]x u/L df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ g]t[Tjdf g]skf–dfcf]jfbL u7g ePsf] b'O{
jif{;Dd qmflGtsf] gofF sfo{lbzf to x'g g;s]kl5 @)&! ;fn dª\l;/ * ut]
g]skf k'gu{7g ePsf] lbgnfO{ g]skfn] kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpFb}
cfPsf] 5 .
o;}qmddf, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf gjf{} kf6L{ k'gu7{g
lbj; eJo ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ kª\lt /
hg;d'bfodf z'esfdgf JoQm ub}{ kf6L{ dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] cfufdL
lbgx? qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ;kmntfsf] lbg x'g] atfpFb} To;sf nflu kf6L{sf]
P]ltxfl;s lhDd]jf/Laf]w;lxt cljrlnt ?kdf kf6L{ gLlt / PsLs[t
hgqmflGtdf cl3 a9\g cfu|x u/] . oxL d+;L/ $ ut] ;DkGg lgjf{rg /
To;sf] kl/0ffdaf/] ljZn]if0f ub}{ pgn] eg]– ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] slyt lgjf{rgn]
gofF bnfn kf6L{x?sf] hGd u/fPsf] t/ o:tf kf6L{x?af6 b]zsf] ;d:of
;dfwfg gx'g] a? b]znfO{ emg} a9L aaf{bLlt/ n}hfg] bfaL u/] . To;}n] /fli6«o
:jfwLgtfsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm, k|ultzLn, a'l4hLlj / qmflGtsf/L zlQm /
hg;d'bfo Psh'6 eO{ j}bl] zs x:tIf]ksf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ clkn u/] .
sfo{qmd g]skf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o ljifd ;Ln] bnfnx?sf] x:tIf]kaf6
b]z :jtGq / >dhLlj ju{sf] k"0f{ d'lQm geP;Dd qmflGtsf/Lx? lg/Gt/
cl3 a9\g cfu|x;lxt z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf pkl:yt
;a}n] k/:k/ cla/ j/0f;lxt z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
dxf;lrj ljKnjsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo
;b:o cl8u ;L / :jfut s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lju'nn] u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ pkTosfsf tLg lhNnfn] Ps} 7fpFdf
j}rfl/s :s'lnª;lxtsf] ljz]if sfo{qmd ul/ gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; dgfP .
sf7df8f}Fsf] o'lgUnf]an sn]hsf] ;]ldgf/ xndf j}rfl/s :s'lnª;lxtsf]
sfo{qmddf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o dfOnf nfdfn] ;+;bLo
Joj:yfnfO{ of] r'gfjn] pbfËf] kf/]sf] atfP . pgn] of] bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf
leqsf] r'gfjn] b]z / hgtfsf] lgsf; glbg] atfpFb} o;sf] ljsNk Ps dfq
hgtfsf] Joj:yf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb ePsf] atfP . kf6L{ k'gu{7gsf] lbgnfO{
;DemFb} pgn] cfhsf] lbg qmflGtsf/L of]4fx¿sf] nflu P]ltxfl;s v';Lsf]
lbg /x]sf] ;d]t atfP . cfˆgf] kf6L{ hgtfsf] d'lQmsf nflu gofF ljsNk;lxt
cufl8 a9]sf] atfpFb} of] cleofgdf c7f]6sf ;fy nfUg'kg]{ 5, ;a}df of]
k'gu{7g lbj;sf] z'esfdgf pgn] eg] .
pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ jl/i7 clwjQmf Ps/fh e08f/Ln] g]kfnsf
ltg s/f]8 hgtf dWo] ef]6 xfNg kfpFg] pd]/ ;d"xsf] tYofÍ dfq} /fVg] xf]
eg] s/La $) k|ltztn] dfq} clxn]sf] r'gfjdf efu lnPsf] atfP . /fhgLltsf]
cGt/f{li6«o l;4fGt cg';f/ klg, ;+;bLo k4lt xf];,\ of ;dfhjfbL k4lt
xf];\ ax'dtsf] zf;g x'G5, cNkdtsf] x'Fb}g / of] ;+;bLo r'gfjdf hgtfsf]
Go"g ;xeflutfdf klg g]kfnsf zf;sn] hgtfsf zfl;t ul//x]sf] atfP .
:jf:Yo, lzIff ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf nflu lgMz'Ns x'gk' 5{ eGg] ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPsf]
5 . t/ sfof{Gjog st} ePsf] kfOFbg} pN6} lzIff, :jf:Yodf ;a}eGbf a9L
Jofkf/L s/0f ePsf] pgsf] egfO lyof] . pgn] eg], …;a}n] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo,
lzIff kfcf];\ cbfnt ;To / lgikIf xf];\, ljsfz xf];\ t/ e|i6frf/n] k|>o
gkfcf];\, a}b]lzs x:tIf]k gxf];\ / e/k"/ pmhf{ ;lxt ljzfn ;Defjgf
af]s]sf] kf6L{ g]skfsf] gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] ;a}nfO{ z'esfdgf 5 .Ú
pQm clyltsf ¿kdf ;xefuL >lds d'lQm df]rf{sf cWoIf tyf kf6L{
s]lGb|o ;b:o /fdnfn l; n] Ps cfk;sf] lvrftfgLn] g]kfnL qmflGt ;Í6df
/x]sf] atfP . of] ;+s6nfO{ ;dfwfg lbgsf nflu cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] sfo{lbzf
PsLs[t hgqmflGtnfO{ nfu" ug{' kg]{ / gjf}F dxflwj]zgn] xfdLnfO{ ;'Dk]sf]
lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{' kg]{ pgn] atfP . clxn]sf] r'gfjdf ljhoL ePsf :jtGq
pDd]bjf/ tyf gofF kf6L{x?n] klg ;dfwfgeGbf klg emg\ ;+s6 lgDTofpg] 5
logLx¿n] b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf sfd gug]{ atfpFb} oL ;a} ;+s6sf] lgsf;
eg]sf] xfd|f] sfo{lbzf PsLs[t hgqmflGt cyf{t\ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbn] ug]{5,
g]tf /fdnfnn] eg] .
pgn] cfˆgf] kf6L{n] y'k}| afXo / cfGtl/s r'gf}tLx¿ kf/ ub}{ gofF
ljrf/;lxtsf] qmflGt ljrf/ lgdf{0f ePsf] cfh gjf}F jif{df k|j]z u/]sf]
atfpFb} k'gu{7g lbj;sf] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .
pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly /x]sf g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ bL3{ ;Ln]
d}gaQL afn]/ sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . gf}j6f d}gaQL afn]nuQ}
k|d'v cltly / cltly / ;xefuLx?aLr clj/ nufP/ xiff]{Nnfx; dgfOPsf]
lyP . sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf sf7df8f}F lhNnf ;]qm]6/L t'n;Lgf/fo0f ;Lsf]
/x]sf] lyof] eg] pkl:yt k|dv ' cltly, cltly / pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{nfO{ g]skf
eQmk'/ ;]qm]6/L b]j ;Ln] :jfut u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ slknj:t'sf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnfsf] tLg
7fpFdf kf6L{sf] gjf}+ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df cfof]lht z'esfdgf cfbfg–
k|bfg sfo{qmd;Fu} kf6L{ ;b:o;Ddsf] /fhg}lts tyf j}rfl/s k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . klZrd If]qsf] sfo{qmd kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no lzju9L,
k"jL{ If]qsf] sfo{qmd rf/ gDa/ af0fu+uf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . dWo If]qsf]
sfo{qmd cWoIftf gu/ ;]qm]6/L kfa]n l;, k|d'v cltly kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ;'zLn l;, cltlyx? s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'lgn l;, ddtf l; pkl:yltdf
;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
klZrd If]qsf] sfo{qmdsf k|dv ' cltly kf6L{sf kf]ln6 Ao'/f] ;b:o
laho ;L /x]sf lyP . cGo cltlyx? s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{
h'emf¿ ;L, kf6L{sf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? ;'bz{g ;L / /]l8Pd ;L /x]sf
lyP . ;fy} k'jL{ If]qsf] sfo{qmdsf k|dv ' cltly kf6L{sf kf]ln6 Ao"/f] ;b:o
;+lhj ;L / sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L sdn ;L
u/]sf lyP . To:t} dWo If]qsf] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ;'zLn ;L, cGo cltlyx?df kf6L{sf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'lgn
;L, c=g]=d= ;+3 qmflGtsf/LsL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ddtf ;L /x]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ sf:sLn] ljleGg lqmofsnfk ub}{ gjf}F kf6L{
k'gu{7g lbj; dgfPsf] 5 . PsLs[t hgqmflGtdfkm{t\ bnfn k'h F LjfbL pTkfbg
;DaGwsf] cGTo ug{ / g]kfnsf] casf] /fhgLlts cfly{s Joj:yf j}1flgs
;dfhjfb x'g' kg]{ lgisif{ lgsfNb} gf}F jif{ cl3 ls/0f g]tT[ jdf /x]sf] tTsfnLg
g]skf dfcf]jfbLaf6 cnu ePsf] lbgnfO{ :d/0f ub}{ k'gu{7g lbj; dgfOPsf] xf] .
lalxaf/ kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !& l:yt lkkn8fnL
;fdflhs ejgdf cfof]lht z'esfdgf cfbgk|bfg sfo{qmddf >lds ;d'bfo
df]rf{ g]kfnsf sf]iffWoIf pd]z ;L n] k|d'v cltlysf] ?kdf sfo{qmdnfO{
;Daf]wg ub}{ eg], …clxn];Dd xfdL kl5 kg{s' f cg]s sf/0fdWo] xfdL sdhf]/,
lga{n / c;Ifd 5f}F eg]/ e|d kfNof}F t/ xfdL ca blnt xf]Og >lds xf}F, of]
;dfhnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ x/]s j:t' / ;]jfx?sf /rgfsf/ xf},F xfdL;Fu cyfx
zlQm / ;[hgf 5Ú eGb} Ps cfk;df kf6L{ k'gu{7gsf] xflb{s z'esfdgf JoQm
u/]sf lyP .
Ps ldg]6sf] df}gwf/0f;lxt k|f/De ePsf] sfo{qmddf >lds ;d'bfo
df]rf{ g]kfn u08s ;+of]hs s'df/, g]skf n]vgfy ;]qm]6/L s0f{ ;L / kqsf/
lg?tf ljZjsdf{sf] ;d]t pkl:yt /x]sf] lyof] eg] sfg'g ;+sfoaf6 ;'ldt
ljZjsdf{n] ;d]t xfn} ;DkGg lgjf{rgsf] qmddf lnPsf] vf/]hsf] gLlt ;xL
/x]sf] eGb} z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyP .
of] k'gu{7g lbj; kf6L{sf] dfq} lbj; xf]Og, xfdL ;a} kl/jt{gk|d ] L
hgtfsf] lbj; xf] eGb} g]skf kf]v/f pkdxfgu/ ;]qm]6/L ;f]ddfof ;L n]
cWoIftf u/]sf] z'esfdgf sfo{qmdnfO{ ;'sD' af;L tyf e"ldxLg ;+3 kf]v/fsf
;+of]hs sdn ;L n] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ k'gu{7g ePsf] gjf}F jif{sf] cj;/df
;Nofgdf Ps laz]if sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{,
;Nofg lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ;f] ljz]if sfo{qmd ePsf] xf] . lhNnfsf]
5q]Zj/L ufpF kflnsfsf] lemDk]df ;DkGg ePsf] kf6L{sf] gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf
cj;/df cfof]lht ;f] ljz]if sfo{qmddf k|d'v jQmfsf] ?kdf sfo{qmdnfO{
;Daf]wg ub}{ kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;ljg ;Ln] g]kfndf /fi6«3ft ug{ / b]z
a]Rg ljleGg ?k / /Ësf kfq / dflg; cfO/x]sf] atfP . ljleGg ?k /
/Ësf dflg; / kfqx?af6 b]zdf k6s–k6s /fi6«3ft ePsf] eGb} pgn] eg],
…xfn} ;DkGg bnfn k'hF LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rgaf6 z+v–306 ahfpFb}
s]xL gofF vfnsf bnfn / ljb]zL Ph]06x? b]vfk/]sf 5g\, logLx?n] b]zdf
yk /fi6«3ft ug]{5g\ .Ú
;f] bnfn k'h
F LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rgdf ljhoL eof}+ eg]/ s;}
s;}n] lhNnfleq ug{ nfu]sf] ljho h'n'; vf;df hgtfsf] ljho h'n';
geP/ ;f] Joj:yf cGTo x'Fb} u/]sf] h'n'; eGb} pgn] cufl8 eg], …clxn]
s;}n] ljhoL eof}+ eg]/ h'n;' lgsfNb} xf]nfg\ t/ Tof] h'n;
' ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
dnfdL h'n; ' xf] .Ú
kf6L{åf/f cfof]lht ;f] laz]if sfo{qmddf ;Daf]wg ub}{ kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
k|ltlglw ;ldlt ;b:o sd/]8 eLd ;Ln] g]kfnsf] ljsf; / pGgltsf nflu
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf ckl/xfo{ ePsf] atfP . pgn] eg], …g]kfnL df6f]
;'xfpFbf] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfaf6 dfq} of] b]zsf] ljsf; ;Dej 5 .Ú
sfo{qmd af]Ng] jQmfx?n] xfn} ;DkGg bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
cfjlws lgjf{rgdf kf6L{sf] /fhgLlts cfJxfgdf g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} ;a}eGbf
sd hg;xeflutf eP/ hgtfsf] dgaf6 ;f] slyt lgjf{rg vf/]h ePsf]
atfP . kf6L{n] ;+rfng u/]sf] …bnfn k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo lgjf{rg vf/]h tyf
hghfu/0f cleofgÚsf] /fhgLlts k|efjsf] sf/0f s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ;a}eGbf
sd hg;xeflutf ;Nofgdf eP/ jf:tljs hgtfsf] dgaf6 ;f] bnfn
k'h
F LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rg dfq} xf]Og :jo+ bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;+;bLo
Joj:yf g} vf/]h ePsf] sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n] atfP .
sfo{qmddf @)%* ;fn d+l;/ * ut] hgd'lQm ;]gf 3f]if0ff ePsf] lbg
b]z / hgtfsf] nflu hgo'4df n8\bf n8\b} jL/ult k|fKt u/]sf dxfg\ ;lxb
lvdaxfb'/ a'9f …ljhoÚ / c? ;lxbx?k|lt >4f~hnL JoQm ub}{ ;lxb
sd/]8 ljhosf] tl:a/df dfnf klx¥ofP/ cla/ cfj/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df cfof]lht ;f] laz]if sfo{qmddf
;xefuLx?aLr Psfcsf{nfO{ cla/ cfj/0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmddf
pT;flxt ?kdf ;xefuL hgtf tyf o'jfx? gfrufg u/]/ /dfPsf lyP .
sfo{qmddf lhNnfsf ljleGg ;lxb kl/jf/ tyf cfkmGtx?sf] ;xefuLtf
/x]sf] lyof] .
kf6L{ k'gu{7gsf] cj;/df cfof]lht ;f] laz]if sfo{qmd kf6L{sf lhNnf
;lrj sd/]8 dbg ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng
lhNnfsf ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf
lhNnf cWoIf sd/]8 k|sfz ;Ln] u/]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmddf pkl:ytx?nfO{
z]/axfb'/ ;Ln] :jfut dGtJo lbP/ :jfut u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ bfªn] kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df lhNnfdf
ljleGg sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf u/L eJotfsf ;fy dgfPsf] 5 . g]skfn] bfªsf
d'Vo zx/ 3f]/fxL, t'n;Lk'/, ndxLnufotsf 7fpFsf d'Vo rf]sx?df sf]0f;ef
u/]sf] 5 . sf]0f;efnfO{ g]skfsf g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP . kf6L{n] kf6L{
k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df 6Lsf cfj/0f, z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg, /fhg}lts÷j}rfl/s
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd;d]t ;DkGg u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
o:t} g]skfn] ndxLdf eJo k|bz{g;lxt sf]0f;ef sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf]
5 . sf]0f;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|lbk ;Ln] lrxfgdf
k'lu;s]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ l6sfpg ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] r'gfjdfkm{t\ %
jif{sf] b]z n'6\g] nfO;]G; gjLs/0f ul//x]sf] atfP . g]tf k|lbkn] eg]– …of]
Joj:yf k"0f{?kn] c;kmn eO;s]sf] 5 t/ ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] r'gfjdfkm{t\
k|To]s %÷% jif{df o;sf] gjLs/0f ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . xfdL eG5f}+ ;+;bLo
Joj:yfn] clxn]sf] ;+s6sf] lgsf; lbFb}g a? emg\ hl6n df]8df n}hfG5
To;}n] ca ;a}vfn] ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg lbg j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL /fHoJoj:yf
k|flKtsf nflu h'6f}+ .Ú
sf]0f;ef sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f g]skf ndxL gu/ OGrfh{ hgs ;Ln]
u/]sf lyP . o:t} ;f] kf6L{n] kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df bfªsf d'Vo
;x/df cfh} ;fem lbk k|Hjng;d]t u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{n] 3f]/fxL, t'n;Lk'/,
ndxL, efn'afªnufotsf 7fpFdf lbk k|HHjng u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ Onfdn] kf6L{ gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj; w'dwfdsf
;fy dgfPsf] 5 . lalxaf/ laxfg}b]lv ljleGg sfo{qmd ub}{ ;'? ePsf] lbj;
;fFem Onfdsf] d'Vo rf]s ahf/df lbk k|HHjng kl5 sf]0f ;ef ub}{ ;dfkg
u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] kf6L{n] laxfg kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; eJotfk"js { dgfcf}+ eGg]
gf/f n]lvPsf] Aofg/ ahf/df 6f+u]sf] lyof] . lbpF;f] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd /
z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd u/]sf] lyof] eg] ;fFem lbk k|Hjn u/]sf]
lyof] . z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg / k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o
tyf Onfd OGrfh{ ;'dgl;+x l; k|dv ' clylt lyP . pgn] k|lzIf0fdf b]zsf]
ab\lnbf] /fhgLlts l:ylt, r'gfj vf/]h cleofg, kf6L{ dflysf] bdg, cfufdL
;+efjgf / kfl6{n] cfufdL lbgdf v]Ng' kg]{ e"ldsfsf] ljifodf egfO{ /fv]sf
lyP . pgn] cd]l/sLx? gofF cg'xf/dfkm{t\ ;Qfsf] rfaL cfˆg} xftdf /fVg
pBt ePsf] atfP . pgn] Pdl;;L, P;lkkL h:tf /f:6«3ftL sbdx?
sfof{Gjog ug{ / of] b]znfO{ o'qm]g kydf ws]Ng ;+;lbo /fhgLltdf pbfpg
vf]h]sf gofF cg'xf/x?nfO{ k|of]u u/]/ ;fd|fHojfb cfPsf] atfP . pgn]
;r]t x'g] a]nf cfPsf] atfpFb,} cfˆgf] kf6L{n] w]/} 7"nf] e"ldsf v]Ng' kg]{ ;do
cfPsf] atfP . ;'dgl;+x l;n] Onfdsf] rf]s ahf/df ulh{b+ } eg], …d'Vo ax;
olta]nf of] n'6/] f Aoj:yf ls j}1flgs ;dfhjfb oxfF x'gk' g]{ xf] t/ bnfnx?n]
d'Vo ax;nfO{ cf]em]ndf kf/]/ 306L ahfpg yfn] .Ú
pgn] clxn] hgtfsf] lab|f]xL r]tnfO{, kl/jt{gsf] cfsf+IffnfO{ df]8\g
cd]l/sfn] Gjf/fgb]lvsf] an nufO/x]sf] / kf6L{ dfly Onfddf bdg ug{
vf]lhPsf] atfP . pgn] k|zf;gnfO{ r]tfjgL lbFb} eg], …xfdL dflysf] bdg
s;sf] pS;fx6df xf] <Ú
hgtfsf] cfjfh bafpg kqsf/;d]t nfu]sf] atfpFb} kqsf/ b]zb|fx] Lx?sf]
 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/
k'gu{7g lbj;’ eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg
dltof/ aGg] s'/f /fd|f] gePsf] atfP . l;+xn] hgtfsf] s73f/fdf ;To /
c;Tosf] km};nf x'g] atfpFb} cfk"mx?dfly bdg ug]{ ;kgf gb]Vg v'Nnf
r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ .
sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf kf6L{sf lhNnf ;lrj cljgfzn] u/]sf lyP . k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng dbg l; n] u/]sf lyP eg] lbk k|Hjngdf x'sd ' l; n]
;+rfng u/]sf lyP . z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf lhNnf ;b:ox?
lagf]b l;, uf]kL l;, x's'd l; / gj/fh l; n] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf
lyP . g]skf Onfdn] kf6L{sf dxf;lrj, ;lrafno, l;+uf] s]lGb|o ;ldtL,
b]ze } l/sf] kf6L{ k+QmL, b]z ljb]zdf /xg' ePsf Gofok|d ] L hg;d'bfo / ;a}
hgtfnfO{ gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] z'esfdgf lbFb} qmflGt k"/f ul/5f8\g] ;+sNk
u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dsjfgk'/n] z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg
sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; dgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmds}
aLrdf dgx/L–$ sf o'jfx?n] kf6L{
k|j]z klg u/]sf lyP . k|r08
g]t[Tjsf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ ;+;bLo
ef;df km;]kl5 @)^( df df]xg j}B
…ls/0fÚsf] g]tT[ jdf kf6L{ k'gu{7g ub}{
cl3 a9]sf] lyof] . nuQ} ls/0fn] klg kf6L{nfO{ ;xL lbzfdf n}hfg g;Sg]
ePkl5 @)%& ;fn d+l;/ * ut]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gf lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/L
g]skfsf] afFsL sfo{ef/ k"/f ug]{ p2]Zo;lxt g]qlaqmd rGb -ljKnj ;L_ sf]
g]tT[ jdf @)&! ;fn d+l;/ * ut] kf6L{ k'gu{7g eP/ lg/Gt/ cl3 al9/x]sf]
5 . kf6L{ k'gu{7g eO{ gjf}F jif{df k|jz] u/]sf] cj;/df g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
dsjfgk'/n] cfh z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf] .
dgx/L–@, 3§]kfvfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf cltlyu0f nufot ;Dk"0f{ pkl:yt
hgtfaLr Pscsf{df cla/ nufpFb}, rsn]6 ljt/0f ub}{ z'esfdgf
cfbfgk|bfg u/L v'l;ofnL dgfPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf z'esfdgf JoQm ub}{
k|d'v cltyL ;Gb]z ;Ln] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] afFsL sfo{ef/ k"/f ug]{
p2]Zon] cl3 al9/x]sf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;Fu xft]dfnf] ub}{ hg;Qf
lgdf{0f ug]{ dxfg\ sfo{df h'6\g ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfodf clkn u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy}
ljz]if cltly /fd ;Ln] ev{/} ;DkGg ePsf] ;+3 / k|b]z ;efsf] r'gfjdf
ef]6 gxfNg] / afWotfn] ef]6 xfNg' k/]sf hg;d'bfon] klg of] bnfn /fHo;Qf
/ o;sf] ;+/Ifs slyt hgk|ltlglwx?af6 s'g} cfzf g/fv]sf] eGb} hgtfsf]
Joj:yf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf nflu PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] sfo{lbzfdf
uf]na4 eO cl3 a9\g cg'/f]w ;Fu} u/] ;Fu} kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] z'esfdgf
lbPsf 5g\ .
lalxaf/ ePsf] z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmds} aLrdf dgx/L–$ sf
b'O{ o'jfx? g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df k|jz ] u/]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] >f]t;fwgsf]
Jofkf/ ub}{ n'6L vfg] hgtfdf/f ;+;bLo kf6L{k|ltsf] ljt[i0ffsf] sf/0f pRr
cfzfsf ;fy g]skfdf k|j]z u/]sf o'jfx?nfO{ sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltyL
;Gb]z ;L, ljz]if cltyL /fd ;L ;lxt cltyL u0fn] 6Lsf nufO{ :jfut
u/]sf 5g\ .
sfo{qmddf kf]ln6Jo'/f] ;b:o ;Gb]z ;Lsf] k|dv ' cfltYotf, s]lGb|o ;b:o
/fd ;Lsf] ljz]if cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] eg] lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o ljj]s
;L, gful/s dGr dsjfgk'/sf ;+of]hs s]zj ;L, ;lxb lx/f df]Qmfgsf a'af
/fdz/0f df]Qmfg nufotsf] cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . laxfg !) ah]af6 ;'?
ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] cWoIf kf6L{sf s]lGb|o k|ltlglw ;ldlt ;b:o tyf
dsjfgk'/sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ;"o{ ;L /x]sf lyP eg] lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o
tyf dgxl/ ufkfsf ;]qm]6/L u'0f ;Ln] sfo{qmd ;Grfng u/]sf x'g\ .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ b}nv ] n] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df
cf7lj; gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ! ;fQfnfdf z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd
;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . z'esfdgf sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
ljj]s l; n] gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfo, sfo{stf{,
;lxb kl/jf/, j]kQf kl/jf/, 3fOt]x?nfO{ z'esfdgf JoQm u/] . pgn] xfn}
;DkGg ;+;bLo lgjf{rg vf/]hLdf
;xefuL sfo{stf{ hg;d'bfonfO{
wGojfb lbFb} of] Joj:yfdf h'g;'s}
bnn] lgjf{rgdf ljho xfl;n u/]
klg ;/sf/df uP/ e|i6frf/ ug]{,
dxËL a9fpg], /fi6«3ft ug]{ sfd x'g] 7f]sj' f u/] . of] Joj:yf kmfn]/ j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf :yfkg u/]kl5 dfq b]zsf] :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff / hgtfsf]
d'lQm x'g]df hf]8 lbP .
g]skf b}nv] sf ;]qm]6/L k|sfz l;n] klg z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP .
g]skf b}n]vsf ;b:o lg/s l;, k|df]b l;, hgkqsf/ ;+u7g b}n]vsf
;+of]hs hulbz l;, b'uf{ l;sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf l6sf/fd
l;, ;~rfng g]skf b}n]vsf ;b:o ;'bz{g l; n] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf
g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| kl/Tofu hgs ;'gf/ g]skfdf k|j]z u/]sf lyP .
pgnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ljj]s l;n] :jfut u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf hgjfbL
uLt / g[To klg k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .
otf, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] P]ltxfl;s gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df
l;Gw'kfNrf]s lnz+vk' fv/df laz]if sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf k|dv '
cltly kf6L{sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{ cfwf/n] kf6L{sf] gjf}F k'gu{7g
lbj;sf] cj;/df b]zeQm, j}1flgs ;dfhjfbsf kIfw/x?, >lds hgtf tyf
;Dk"0f{ l;Gw'kfNrf]saf;L ;a}nfO{ xflb{s z'esfdgf JoQm u/] .
pQm sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cltly
cfwf/n] b]zdf j}b]lzs x:tIf]k
al9/x]sf], ;+;bLo r'gfjdf kf6L{sf]
vf/]hL cleofg ;zQm ag]sf],
hgtfdf of] Joj:yfk|lt ljt[i0ff
b] l vPsf] , sl/a cfwf hgtf
;xeflutf gePsf] r'gfjsf] s'g}
cf}lrTo gePsf], ca of] r'gfjn] Pd;L;L kIfw/x?n] dfq lhTg] u/]sf]
atfP . ;fy} ca qmflGtsf/Lx?nfO{ pko'Qm jftfj/0f tof/ x'Fb} uPsf] klg
atfPsf 5g\ . PsLs[t hgqmflGtn] dfq j}1flgs ;dfhjfb;Dd k'Ug ;lsg]
eGb} pgn]] o;sf nflu cfwf/x? tof/ x'Fb} uO/x]sf] / PsLs[t hgqmflGtn]
cfhsf] @! cf}F ztfAbLsf] cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ xn u/L g]kfndf j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL
Joj:yf Nofpg] bfaL u/] . sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf kf6L{sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L o'lug
l; n] u/]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw ;b:o ls/0f l;, o'jf
;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'dg l; sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] ;Grfng lhNnf ;b:o sDo'6/ l; n] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf
:jftu dGtJo lhNnf ;b:o tyf lnz+v' ufpF sld6L ;]qm]6/L lj/fh l; /
lhNnf ;b:o tyf lnz+v' ufpF sld6L OGrfh{ o'j/fh l; u/]sf lyP .
sfo{qmddf pkl:ylt cltlyx?nfO{ ufpF sld6L tyf :yfgLon] k"mndfnfn]
:jfut u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ wflbª / 8L jfgn] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g
lbj;sf] cj;/df z'esfdgf cfbgk|bfg tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] df]xg j}w ls/0f g]tT[ jsf] tTsfnLg g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLaf6 lab|f]x u/L gofF sfo{lbzf / gofF kf6L{ lgdf{0f
u/]sf] lbgnfO{ :d/0f ub}{ b]z JofkL k'gu{7g lbj; dgfpg] sfo{qmdcGtu{t
wflbª / 8L jfg n] z'esfdgf cfbgk|bfg;lxt k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd u/]sf x'g .
lalxjf/ wflbª lhNnfsf]
dxfb]jj]zLdf ePsf] k|lzIf0f tyf
z' e sfdgf sfo{ q mddf g] k fn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o,
s]lGb|o :s'lnË ljefu ;b:o tyf
o'jf g]tf lalkg ;L n] sfo{qmddf
dGtJo /fVb} xfn} ;DkGg gjf}F dxflwj]zgsf] efj ;Dk|i] f0f / cfufdL of]hgfaf/]
k|lzIf0f u/]sf lyP . To:t} sfo{qmddf 8L jg ;]qm]6/L k]df ;L n] ;d]t
dGtJo /fVb} z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyP . ;+oQ ' m z'esfdgf cfbgk|bfg tyf
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf g]skf wflbª ;]qm]6/L l;h{gn] cWoIftf u/]sf lyP eg]
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lhNnf sld6L ;b:o lztnn] u/]sf] s'/f wflbªl:yt
g]skfsf :yfgLo g]tfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .
otf, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ afFsn ] ] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; eJotfsf
;fy dgfPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] sf]xnk'/df lhNnfe/sf g]tf, sfo{stf{sf]
;xeflutfdf kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; dgfPsf] xf] . kf6L{sf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo
;b:o clgn ;L, lhNnf kf6L{sf ;lrj sNkgf ;L nufotsf] ;xeflutfdf
k'gu{7g lbj; dgfO{Psf] xf] .
sfo{ q mddf Ps csf{ n fO{
z' e sfdgf JoQm ul/Psf]
lyof] . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o clgnn]
kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; dxTjk"0f{
ePsf] eGb} of] kf6L{
; + z f ] w g j f b ,
oyfl:yltjfbnufotsf
k|jl[ t;Fu ;+3if{ ub}{ :yfkgf
ePsf] jtfP . pgn] of] kf6L{n] dfq casf] qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j ug]; { d]t k|i6\ofP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; sflnsf]6df
ljleGg sfo{qmdsf ;fy dgfOPsf] 5 . k'gu{7g lbj;sf cj;/df lhNnfsf]
/f:sf]6 gu/kflnsf, krnem/gf ufpFkflnsf, g/xl/gfy ufpFkflnsf zlGg
lqj]0fL ufpFkflnsf ltnfu'kmf gu/kflnsfnufot lhNnfe/ ljleGg sfof{qmdsf
;fy dgfOPsf] xf] .
/f:sf]6sf] cf/;LkL ahf/df dgfOsf] sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf lhNnf OGrfh{
tyf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lj/f6 ;Ln] ;a} ;xefuLx?nfO{ z'esfdgf lbFb} bnfn
;Qfsf lj?4 hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] nflu kf6L{ k'gu{7g ePsf] :d/0f ub}{ of]
kf6L{n] g]kfndf bnfn ;Qf cGTo u/L j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL ;Qf Nofpg] qmflGt
ul//x]sf] atfP . pgn] bnfnx?sf] r'gfjL gf}6+sL / gofF cfpg] h'g;'s}
kfqx?n] klg hgtfsf] jf:tljs ;d:of oxL ;+;bLo Joj:yfaf6 xn ug{
g;Sg] 7f]s'jf u/] .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ pbok'/n] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; tyf
hgd'lQm ;]gf lbj; eAo ¿kdf dgfPsf] 5 . lhNnfn] ;dLIffTds a}7s /
z'esfdgf cfbgk|bfg sfo{qmd ;fy} g]tf, sfo{stf{ / hgtf;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{
u9L ufpFkflnsfsf] g]kfn6f/ l:ylt lklSgs :kf]6; \{ df lkslgs sfo{qmdsf]
cfof]hgf u/L xiff]{Nnf;sf ;fy dgfOPsf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly
g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf pbok'/, cf]vn9'u+ f lhNnf OGrfh{ ljj]s ;L /
g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:o k|of; ;L tyf cGo cltly PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL
kf6L{sf s]lGb|o kl/ifb ;b:o a]bs'df/ l3ld/], g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ Pdfn]sf]
u9L ufpFkflnsfsf] cWoIf ?b| vqL, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ax'dtsf o'jf
hg;]jssf s]lGb|o ;b:o ljsNk / b]la /fO{sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
pQm sfo{qmdsf] k|dv
' cltly ljj]s ;L n] kf6L{ @)^( ;fndf k'iksdn
bfxfn g]tT[ jsf] g]skf -PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL_ af6 ljb|fx] u/L df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ
g]tT[ jdf g]skf–dfcf]jfbL u7g ePsf] b'O{ jif{;Dd qmflGtsf] gofF sfo{lbzf to
x'g g;s]kl5 @)&! ;fn dª\l;/ * ut] ljKnjsf] g]tT[ jdf g]skf k'gu{7g
ePsf] lbgnfO{ g]skfn] kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] ¿kdf dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .
pQm sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pgn] b]zdf xfn} ;DkGg bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;+;bLo
Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rgaf6 :jtGq pDd]bjf/Lsf] gfddf bnfn / ljb]zL Ph]06x?
;+;b leq k|j]z u/]sf] s'/f atfpFb} pgn] b]zdf cem} 7"nf] /f:6«3ft x'g] s'/f
atfpFb} ;f] bnfn k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] lgjf{rgdf hgtfn] vf/]h
u/]/ b]vfOlbPsf] s'/f atfpFb} bnfnx?nfO{ /f:6«3ftL Pdl;l;, P;lklk s'g}
5
klg xfntdf sfof{Gjog ug{ glbg] atfPsf lyP .
sfo{qmddf g]skf pbok'/ lhNnf kf6L{nfO{ kf6L{ sfof{no agfpgsf] nflu
8]9 s¶f hUuf lbP/ ;xof]u ug{' x'g] g]skfsf lhNnf ;ldlt ;b:o /fds[i0f
;bf / /fdlanfz rf}w/LnfO{ k|dv ' cltlyaf6 vfbf nufP/ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP
eg] ptf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| kl/Tofu u/L /f]zg sf]O/fnf
kf6L{ k|jz] u/]sf lyP . pgnfO{ k|dv ' cltly / cltlyx?af6 vfbf cla/
nufP/ :jfut u/]sf lyP . kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df cGo /fhgLlts
bnaf6 pkl:yt cltlyx?af6 z'esfdgf dGtJo PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf
s]lGb|o kl/ifb ;b:o a]bs'df/ l3ld/]n] z'esfdgf dGtJo lbPsf lyP eg]
sfo{qmdsf] cWoIf g]skf s]lGb|o k|ltlglw ;ldlt ;b:o tyf pbok'/ lhNnf
;]qm]6/L ldgk|;fb ;L n] u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut dGtJo s]lGb|o k|ltlglw ;ldlt
;b:o tyf u9L ufpFkflnsf / /f}tfdfO{ ufpFkflnsf OGrfh{ lhtaxfb'/ ;L n]
u/]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmd ;+rfng s]lGb|o k|ltlglw ;ldlt ;b:o tyf rf}bG8Lu9L
gu/kflnsf / a]nfsf gu/kflnsf OGrfh{ cd[t ;L n] u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ?kGb]xLn] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj; ?kGb]xL
;}gfd}gf gu/kflnsf % u9jfdf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df
z'esfdgf lbFb} g]skfsf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf ?kGb]xL lhNnf OGrfh{ s[lt
;Ln] kf6L{nfO{ ultxLg agfP/ d[To' z}ofdf k'¥ofPsf] kf6L{nfO{ gofF hLjg
lbP/ kf6L{ k'gu{7g u/]sf] ToxL lbgnfO{ P]ltxfl;s lbgsf ?kdf dgfpFb}
cfPsf] atfP . pgn] clxn] ljleGg JolQm / :jtGqsf] gfddf cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfb g]kfndf xfjL ePsf] atfpFb} d'Vo s'/f JolQm geP/ /fhgLlt
/x]sf] / o;sf nflu hgtfnfO{ :ki6 kfg{k' g]{ atfP . pgn] P;kLkL cfpg'
eg]sf] g]kfndf cd]l/sf cfpg' g]kfn / ckmuflg:tfg aGg' ePsf] atfP .
s[ltn] g]skfn] clxn]sf] r'gfjnfO{ vf/]hL cleofgsf] ?kdf hgtfdfem
uPsf] / ;+;bLo Joj:yfk|lt hgtfsf] ljt[i0ff a9]sf]n] bnfn k'FhLjfbL
Joj:yfsf] ljsNkdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf clxn]sf] pQd ljsNk
/x]sf] atfP . g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf ?kGb]xL lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ljZjf;
;Ln] hgtf n'6\g] Joj:yflj?4 qmflGt u/]sf] atfP . pgn] lgsf;;lxt
cufl8 al9of] eg] /ftf] em08f prfn]/ uGtAodf k'Ug ;lsg] atfP . Joj:yf
kl/j{tg geP;Dd /fi6« kl/j{tg gx'g] eGb} ;r]t hgtfn] ;dod} s'/f
ga'em] b]z vfN8f]df km:g] eGb} ;dodf g} ;r]t /xg'kg]{ atfP .
sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ lhtaxfb'/ ;Ln] gjf}F kf6L{ k'gu{7g
lbj;sf] z'esfdgf lbFb} g]kfndf ;j{xf/f rl/q ePsf] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
dfq /x]sf] / b]zdf dhb'/ ls;fg / ;j{xf/fsf] ;Qf Nofpgsf] nflu g]skf nfluk/]sf]
atfP . sfo{qmddf g]skfsf lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ rGb|axfb'/ ;Lsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]
lyof] . sfo{qmd lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ljZjf; ;Lsf] cWoIftf, lhNnf ;b:o jiff{ ;Lsf]
:jfut dGtAo / @ gDa/ sdf08 OGrfh{ gljg ;Lsf] ;Grfngdf ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] gjf}F k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df g]skf u'NdL
kfNkfsf] ;+oQ' m k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;'? u/]sf] 5 . k|lzIf0fsf] pb\3f6g ljxLaf/
kfNkfdf ul/Psf] xf] . k|lzIf0f pb\3f6g ub}{ g]skfsf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o w'j| ;L n]
tTsfnLg hgo'4sf gfosn] wf]sf lbPsf sf/0f kf6L{ k'gu{7g ug{k' /]sf] atfpg'eof] .
pxfFn] kf6L{df b]vfk/]sf] ;+zf]wgjfb, ljrng, csd{0otf / cGof}ntfsf sf/0f
ljb|fx] u/L kf6L{ k'gu{7g ug{k' /]sf] eGb} clxn] ;+;bLo Joj:yflj?4 kf6L{ j}slNks
zlQmsf] ?kdf plePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;+;bLo Joj:yflj?4 ljb|fx] u/]sf]
tTsfnLg hgo'4sf] g]tT[ j k|r08 afa'/fdn] clxn] z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] km]/f] ;dfP/
cfˆgf] cl:tTj wflg/x]sf] atfpFb} o;af6 s;} klg e|ddf kg{ gx'g] atfpg'eof] .
pxfFn] qmflGtsf/L kf6L{, qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt, qmflGtsf/L ;+u7g / qmflGtsf/L
;]gfn] dfq} qmflGt ;DkGg ug{ ;lsg] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o Pj+ u'NdL kfNkf OGrfh{ ck]Iff ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o wL/h ;Ln] kf6L{ k'gu{7g
lbj;sf] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw ;b:o
Pj+ kfNkf ;]qm]6/L g]kfn ;L, ;~rfng s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw ;b:o Pj+ u'NdL ;]qm]6/L
;'dg ;L / :jfut g]skf kfNkf ;lrjfno ;b:o lgzfg ;Ln] ug{e' Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] cj;/df lgjf{rg vf/]hL cleofgsf] qmddf lu/ˆtf/ kg{e' Psf o'jf
;+u7g g]kfn u'NdLsf] ;TojtL ufpFkflnsf cWoIf uDd/ ;LnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf]
lyof] . sfo{qmddf Pscsf{ aLr clj/ dfNof{k0f u/]/ z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf u'NdL / kfNkfsf kf6L{ g]tf sfo{stf{, ;Nnfxsf/, ;lxb
kl/jf/nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . kf6L{ k'gu{7g lbj;sf] cj;/df cfof]hgf
ul/Psf] /fhgLlts j}rfl/s k|lzIf0fdf kf6L{ kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o w|j' ;L, s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ck]Iff, ;]qm]6/Låo g]kfn ;L / ;'dg ;Ln] kf6L{sf] gjf}F dxflwj]zgn] kfl/t
u/]sf] bz{g, /fhgLlts cy{zf:q, ;+u7g, cfhsf] ;fd|fHojfb tyf e"d08nLs[t
k'h
F Ljfb, bnfn k'h F Ljfb, /fhgLlts sfo{lbzf, /0fgLlt / sfo{gLlt, lj1fg /
k|ljlwnufotsf ljifodf k|lzIf0f ul/Psf] 5 .
 6 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/
;dfhjfbL qmflGt / lzIffsf] sfo{ef/ M Ps b[li6sf]0f
xfdL ;dfhsf] d'ne't ?kfGt/0fsf]
k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf 5f}F . ;dfhsf] o:tf]
?kfGt/0f cyf{t ;dhjfbL qmflGt,
æk[YjLdf Gofosf] :yfkgfÆ nfdf] ;dob]lv
dfga lrGtgdf xfaL x'bF } cfPsf] 5 .
;dfhjfbL qmflGt ug{] dfS;{jfbL–
n]lggjfbL ljrf/sf cltl/Qm o:tf cg]s
k|jl[ t klg 5g\, h:tf]\ a'hj' { f ;dfhnfO{
g} lng ;lsG5, h'g ;dfhsf] ;+/rgf
slt w]/} c;Gtf]ifhgs 5 / dfG5] klg
slt w]/} cg}lts, c;f}Gbo{af]wL / ck"0f{
5, d oxfF dfG5] s:tf] x'gk' 5{ eGg] /f]rs
k|Zgdf s]lGb|t x'GgF . d s] s'/fsf] dfq}
pNn]v ug{ rfxG5' eg] cGo ;fdflhs
;'wf/sx? -7"nf ;fgf JolQmut /
hgcfGbf]ng_ n] aRrf cyjf ao:s
x'bF fsf avtdf dfG5]sf] k'gM lgdf{0f ljz]if
lzIffsf] dfWodaf6 ug{ ;lsG5 / ug{}
k5{ eg]sf 5g\, pgLx?sf] ljrf/df Pp6f
k"0f{ dfG5] ;fdflhs hLjgsf] cem
cl3NNff] ljsf; / ;'wf/sf k"0f{zt{ xf] .
xfdL pbf/jfbL / o'6f]lkofjfbLx?sf]
b[li6sf]0f;Fu laNs'n} c;xdt 5f}F . xfdLn]
eGb} cfPsf 5f}+ ls ;dfh, h;leq xfdL
/x]sf 5f}F, dfgjhfltsf] ?kfGt/0f
;f}Gbo{zf:qLo pkb]z of g}lts ljlwx?n]
ug{ ;lsFbg} , rfx] zf;sju{x?n]] To;sf
nflu cg'dlt lsg glbpg\ . xfd|f] t
of]hgf cs{} 5–k'h F LjfbLåf/f lgw{g
t'NofOPsf] ;j{xf/fju{n] ;Dk"0f{ hLjg /
dfgj hfltnfO{ a} r fl/s ?kdf
;+;f/e/sf ;j{xf/fsf] Pstfsf] kIfdf
;lhn} Psu7 agfpF5 . Tof] ju{ ;a{u0' f
;DkGg cyf{t k"0f{ geP klg Ps dfq
qmflGtsf/L zlQm xf], h;n] cfˆgf] xftdf
;Qf kfg{ ;S5, cGo zlQmx?nfO{ cfˆgf]
OR5f tyf cfb]z dfGg afWo Kff5{ /
hLjgnfO{ k'gu{7g ub}{ cl3 a9\g ;S5 .
dfS;{n] o; s'/fnfO{ o;/L eg]sf
5g\, æ;j{xf/fx?sf] ;fdflhs qmflGt nfdf]
cjlwdf k"/f x'G5, sof}F bzs;Dd
;j{xf/fx?n] s]an cfˆg} jftfj/0f abNg
vlr{g' kg{5] , To;;Fu} cfk"mnfO{ klg abNg'
kg{5 ] / To; k|lqmofsf] cGTodf dfq
;j{xf/fju{ ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf :yfkgf
ug{sf nflu lgs} pko'Qm zlQm x'g k'U5 .Æ
;dfhjfbaf6 sDo'lgi6 ;+/rgfdf
;ª\qmd0fsf nflu nfUg] ;donfO{,
5f]6o\ fpg z}lIfs k|lqmof;Fu ;DalGwt
ljifodf n]lggn] cToGt ?lrs/ /
pkof]u] L lgb{z] g lbPsf 5g\ . n]lggn] s]
s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ eg] æsDo'lgi6
/ ;j{xf/fx?n] ;dfhjfbsf] p2]Zo s]an
cf}krfl/s dfgj ;DaGw, P]g sfg'gx?
abNg', of t d]l;gx?af6 ;'? u/]/
ljBdfg kl/l:ylt tyf b}lgs hLjg
lgjf{xsf sfd;Dd cfO{kU' bf dfG5]sf
af/]df k"0f{tM gh/cGbfh u/]/ ef}lts
;DaGwx? abNg' xf] eGg] xf] eg] Tof] 7"nf]
e|d / 3fts e"n 7xl/G5 .Æ
n]lggn] s] s'/fdf hf]8lbPsf 5g\
eg] lgdf{0f sfo{ :jod\n] dfG5]nfO{
kl/jt{g ub{g} , To;sf/0f /fhgLlts
/ cfly{s ;kmntfsf] b[li6n] cfˆgf]
xftdf lngf ;fy ;f+:s[lts qmflGtdf
h'6g\ k' 5{, gq Tof] sfd p2]ZoljxLg /
cy{xLg x'g k'U5 . lsgeg] /fhgLlts
r]tgfnfO{ b[9 agfpg], ls;fg tyf
>dhLlj, a'4hLljx?dfly kfg{] ;j{xf/f
juL{o k|efj dhb'/x?n] k|fKt ug{]
/fhgLlts lzIff / ;f+:s[lts :t/df
e/ k5{ . eljiodf xfd|f] :yfg u|x0f
ug]{ gofF lkF9LnfO{ /fhgLlts dfq} lbg'
;a}yf]s xf]Og, cfly{s sfo{ef/n] klg
plQs} dxTj /fV5 . jo:s -cw{a; } _]
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
nfO{ k'glz{Iff o'jf tyf afnaRrfnfO{
lbOg] lzIff g} cfly{s tyf /fhgLlts
;kmntfsf] k" j { z t{ xf] , h;n]
;j{xf/fx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ vfn] cfGbf]ngnfO{
;fFrf] cy{ k|bfg ub{5 To;}n] dfgj
hLjgsf] ?kfGt/0fnfO{ klg k'/f u5{ .
o; cy{df z}lIfs k|lqmofn] d'Vo :yfkgf
k|fKt u5{ . n]lggn] eg]sf 5g\, æxfd|f
ldng cfkmGt
k'/fgf k':tfn] k'/fgf k"jf{ux| / hLjgsf
s'?ktfsf] kmf]xf]/ sDd/–sDd/;Dd
efl;P/ dfgj hLjgnfO{ ?kfGtl/t
ug{k' g{] 5 . xfdL clxn] klg vf]6f] df5]
g} xf}, ;dfhjfbL eO;s]sf 5}gf}+ . t/,
xfdL To; lbzftkm{ tfls/x]sf 5f}F .
xfdL cfˆgf] Jojxf/nfO{ xfdLn] rfx] h:tf]
?kdf abNg] s;/t ub{5 } f}F . Tof] dfG5],
h;n] cfˆgf] hLjgsf] 7"nf] lx::ff cyjf
egf}F o'jfj:yf k'/fgf] Joj:yfcGtu{t
latfPsf] 5 eg] p;n] cfk"mnfO{ ;a}
k|sf/sf cxd\tf / JolQmjfbL lgDg j'hj' { f
hLjgsf] cfsif{0fx?af6 d'Qm t'Nofpg
a8f] sl7g 5 .Æ
dfG5]sf] To:Tf] pHofnf] JolQmTj h:tf]
ls n]lggdf lyof], cyf{t pgdf ePsf]
b[9tf / ;dfGh:otfn] xfdLnfO{ rlst
t'NofpF5 . pgdf o:tf] rLh lyof] h'g
sDo'lgi6 / ;j{x/fx?sf aLrdf /x]sf
cf}ift dfG5]df kfOb}g . d'Vo s'/f s] xf]
eg] hLjgsf] 7"nf] lx::ff cAojl:yt
jftfj/0fdf latfPsfx?nfO{ xfdLn]
;dfhjfbL Joj:yfn] dfu u/]cg'?k
lzlIft ug{k' 5{, pgLx?sf] afgL–a]xf]/f,
sfd / ;fdfGo zf/Ll/s u7gnfO{ klg
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf cg'?k tLa| ?kdf
9fNg'k5{ .
qmflGt ;DKfGg eO;s]kl5 klg
lZfIffsf] k|lqmof sl7gfO{dQ' m g} 5 .
xfdLlgs6 /x]sf] k':tfn] cfˆgf] hLjgnfO{
k'/fgf kl/l:yltaf6 d'Qm ug{5 ] eg]/
xfdL clxn] klg 7f]sj' f ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ .
lsgeg] clxn]sf] ;ª\qmd0fsflng cjlwdf
To:tf] åLk cyjf åLkx?sf] ;d"x g} /x]sf]
5, h;sf] rf/}lt/ kmf]xf]/ ;d'bn| ] 3]/f
xfn]sf] 5 . oBlk ToxfF klg ;dfhjfbL
Joj:yf t :yfkgf eO;s]sf] 5 .
To;sf/0f lzIffsf sl7gfO{x? ljzfn
5g\ . dfgj Oltxf; cyjf
dfgj;Eotfdf lzIff k|0ffnLsf] :j?k
s:tf] /x]sf] 5, To;sf] s] dxTj 5 /
To;nfO{{ s;/L xfd|f] cg'sn' tfcg';f/
abNg ;lsG5 < o; ljifodf xfdLn]
ljz]if Wofg lbg'k5{ .
dfG5] ;fdflhs ?kdf k|fKt tyf
x:tfGtl/t cg'ejsf cfwf/df lgjf{x
ug{] e"ldsfsf cfwf/df hgfj/eGbf leGg
5 . kfFr xhf/ jif{otf dfG5] cGo
hgfj/h:t} zf/Ll/s agfj6 /
lqmofsnfkdf j}1flgs ?kdf ablnPsf
5}gg\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu tkfO{n+ ] o;} ;fn
nG8gdf hGd]sf] aRRffnfO{ clxn]sf]
;Eotfb]lv k"0f{tM cnu /fv]/ x'sf{pg'
eof] eg] Tof] aRrf cwsNrf] hgfj/
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
dfq aGg]5 . lsgls hgj/x?n] ;xh
k|jl[ tsf] 7"nf] lj/f;t kfPsf x'G5g\, h'g
dg'ion] k|fKt u/]sf x'bF g} g\ . t/, kfFr
xhf/ jif{ klxn] cfˆgf] hLjgsf]
r/df]Tsif{df k'us ] f] dfG5] / cfhsf] dfG5]
cyf{t aa{/ o'u / ;dsflng c+uh ]|
o'unfO{ bfFHg] xf] eg] cfsfz–kftfnsf]
leGgtf kfOG5 . o;k|sf/sf] leGgtf,
1fg, k|sl[ t dflysf] ks8, efiff h'g
s'/fx? lat]sf ;Eotfsf kl/0ffd x'g,
tL ljifodf k|fKt kl/kSjtfaf6 lzIffdf
gofF 1fg xfl;n ul/G5 .
dfgj;dfhn] o'uf}b+ l] v ;l~rt
ljzfn k'h F L k|fKt u/]sf] 5, h'g lg/Gt/
al9/x]sf] 5 . Kf|To]s gofF k':tfn] To;
pRRftd k|ultsf] pkof]u u5{ . o;k|sf/
dfG5]n] cfg'jl+ zstfsf cfwf/df xf]Og,
kl/kSjtfsf cfwf/df ljzfn 1fg k|fKt
u5{ . o;n] hgfj/x/df Hofb} sd
e"ldsf v]N5 t/ dfG5]sf xsdf Gofo
æ;ayf]sÆ ;fljt x'G5 . o;n] Ps k':tf
/ csf{] k':Tffsf aLrdf cToGt /f]rs /
sl;nf] ;DaGw ufFl;lbG5 . of] Oltxf;sf]
wf/h:t} xf], h;df gofFeGbf gofF dfG5]x?
k}bf x'G5g\ t/ klg gofF k'/fgf tL b'a}
k':tfx? Ps} x'g . lsgls oL dfG5]x?
ljBfno, k':tsfno, cfly{s hLjg /
;+:s[lt k'/fg} u|x0f u5{g / :jo+ gofF
klg gdf{0f u5{g\ .
dfgj ;dfhdf gofF , tfhf,
eme{m/fpFbf, snsnfpFbf] dfgj ;fdu|L
h;n] k'/fgf / cf]OnfPsf ?vsf
kftx?sf] 7fpF lnG5g\ t/ ljutsf To;
ljzfn pknlAw ;Fu;Fu} ljutsf /f]u
klg ckgfpF5g\ . s'g} klg dfG5], hf]
s'l6n / lgsDdf ;dfhdf hGd]sf] 5,
p;n] lautsf ;f/f k"jf{ux| , s'?ktf /
bf]if u|x0f u5{ . k|To]s gofF k':tfn]
ljutsf ;l~rt 1fgaf6 nfe dfq k|fKt
ub{g} , To;sf /f]u -d]/f] cfzo oxfF
zf/Ll/s xf]Og, ;fdflhs /f]u;Fu hf]l8Psf]
5_ af6 klg ;ª\qmldt x'g k'U5 . xfd|f]
sfo{ef/ xf], dfgj hfltsf] hLljt wf/fdf
Pp6f zlQmzfnL lkmN6/ of o:tf]
sfo{ef/ xf], dfgj hfltsf] hLljt wf/fdf
Pp6f zlQmzfnL lkmN6/ of o:tf] lk|Hd
tof/ kfg{' k5{, h;n] gofF dfgj
;fdu|LnfO{ cfˆgf] ;Eotfåf/f lgld{t ;f/f
/rgfTds s'/fn] el/k"0f{ agfcf];\ t/
;fdflhs s'?ktf, k"jf{ux| , y/Ly/Lsf
/f]u nfUg gb]cf];\ / dfgjwf/fnfO{ z'4
agfcf];\ .
jfª\do ztfAbL k'?if ;dlk{t snf k|bz{gL x'b“ }
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn snf kl/ifb\n]
cfhb]lv jfª\do ztfAbL k'?if ;dlk{t
snf k|bz{gL ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . kl/ifb\n]
jfª\do ztfAbL k'?if :juL{o ;Todf]xg
hf]zLnfO{ ;dlk{t g]kfnsf b]jLb]jtfx?
gfds snf k|bz{gL ug{ nfu]sf] atfPsf]
5 . g]kfn snf kl/ifb\sf] ^)cf}F
jflif{sf]T;j / g]kfn x:tsnf dxf;+3sf]
%)cf}F :j0f{ jif{sf] pknIodf kl/ifb\n]
dª\l;/ !! b]lv @% ;Dd k|bz{gL ug]{
xfd|f ljBfnosf bf]xf]/f sfd 5g\–
klxnf], gofF ;+:s[lt, gof lj1fg,
To;eGbf klg klxn] ;j{xf/f lj1fg,
dfS;{jfb, ;j{xf/f ;+u7g, sDo'lgi6
ljrf/dfly hf]8 lbb}F ljutsf ;Dk"0f{
1fg x:tfGtl/t ug{' . bf];f| ,] k'/fgf
ljrf/ afnaflnsf;DDf k'Ug /f]Sg', h'g
k'/fgf] ;dfhsf] lj?4 xfdL nl8/x]sf
5f},F To;af6 afnaRrfnfO{ k|bl" ift x'g
glbg s'g} klg s;/ afFsL gfVg' .
xfdL lzIffzf:qsf] :fDk"0f{ Oltxf; /
ljZjdf o;sf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf af/]df
kf]Vg x'g' cfjZos 5 . t/ xfdLnfO{
/fd|/L yfxf 5 ls ljBdfg ljBfno tyf
lzIffzf:qsf p2]Zo xfd|f p2]ZoeGbf
ljNs' n ljkl/t 5g\ . clwsf+ z
c/fhgLlts ljBfno / :jtGq
afnaRrfx?sf] ljBfno / xfd|f] juL{o
ljBfnosf aLrdf …uf]? a]rs ] f] ;fOgf]Ú
klg 5}g . xfdLn] oL ejgx? hub]lv
w'/L;DDf cfˆg} xft / ef}lts ;fwgsf]
Jofks cefjsf aLrdf lgdf{0f u/]sf
5fF} . xfd|f g]tfx?n] lbPsf lgb{z ] gnfO{
xfdL krf{ s f] ?kdf 5fk] /
;"Idbz{soGqsf] ?kdf pkof]u ug{ ;S5f}+
t/ oqf] ljzfn ejg ;"IDfbz{soGqn]
dfq} t aGb}g, Tof] dfq} kof{Kt x'bF g} .
clxn] klg afnaRRffnfO{ ;a}
k|sf/sf] lzIff lbgsf nflu xfdL;Fu
kof{Kt ;fwg 5}gg\ . To;sf ;fy} xfd|f
ljBfnox? lgZrt dfgssf cfwf/df
lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu klg ;fwg;|ft] sf]
cefj 5 . oxfF; F DDf ls xfd|f k|fylds
ljBfnodf ;a} afnaRrfx? k9\bg} g\,
dfWolds txdf t Psbd yf]/} dfq
k9\5t\ . ca xfdL k|To]s ljBfyL{x?sf]
ljBfnoLo lzIffsf nflu hf/zfxL
kfnfdf ul/g] vr{sf] %) k|ltzt /sd
dfq nfufgL ub} { 5 f} F . k| f ylds
ljBfnosf lzIfsx?sf] o'4 k"js
gu0o tnasf] klg &% k|ltzt /
dfWolds txsf lzIfsx?sf] tna
%) k|ltzt lbg ;Sg] l:yltdf 5f}F .
o;n] xfdL slt 7"N7"nf sl7gfO{ /
afwf ;fdgf ul//x]sf 5f}F eGg] :ki6
x'G5 . o;df s;}sf] bf]if 5}g lsgls
cToGt yf]/} /fhsLo ;fwg;|ft] sf]
afF8kmf8 o;eGbf km/s kf/fn] ug{
;Sg] l:yltdf xfdL 5}gf}F .
k':ts M lzIffdf dfS;{jfbL lrGtgaf6
n]vs M cgftf]nL n'gfrf:sL{
k|:t'tL M ldng cfkmGt
ePsf] xf] .
snfs[ltx?sf] k|bz{gLn] lxGb' / af}4
wd{sf] pTklQ, cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?,
g]kfnsf] df}lns wd{ / bz{gx? hufpg]
p2]Zo;lxt snfs[ltx?df k|ltlglwTj
ul/Psf b]jtfx?sf] ;+ul| xt v08x?df
k|:t't ul/g] ePsf] 5 . kl/ifb\sf cWoIf
;fu/ zdz]/ /f0ffn] g]kfnsf] snf,
snfsf/nfO{ pTyfg ug]{ tyf x:tsnf
/ snfs[ltsf] dfunfO{ k"/f ug{ ;sf];\
eGg] p2]Zon] k|bz { gL ug{ nfluPsf]
atfP . :jtM:km"t{?kdf ;Íng
ul/Psf Ps ;o ^) snfsf/sf b'O{
;o $^ snf k|bz{gLdf /flvg]5 .
gjf] l bt snfsf/b] l v jl/i7
snfsf/af6 ;Íng ul/Psf u|x
b]jtfx?, of]lugL, e}/j tyf af}4
b]jtfsf] snfs[lt ;d]t ljz]if?kdf
/xg] kl/ifbåf/f cfh cfof]lht kqsf/
;Dd]ngdf hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 .
d ;lxbnfO{ k|]d u5{'
d ;lxbnfO{ k|]d u5{'
d ;lxbnfO{ k|]d u5{'
/d] z /fjt -ljqmfGt_
lk|o ;lxb
d ltdLnfO{ k|]d u5{' .
d ltd|f] dfofaf6
k|efljt ePsf] 5'
dnfO{ ;fFlRrs}
ltd|f tL cfFvf ;'Gb/ nfU5g\
h'g cfFvfn] bljPsf] ljrf/
cGofo / cTofrf/ b]v]F
;To / c;To n]v]sf] b]v]F .
dnfO{ ;lxbsf] ofb cfO/xG5 .
lk|o ;lxb
d ltdLnfO{ dfof u5{'
;'Gg'xf];\ g cfdf
dnfO{ ;lxb dgk5{ .
dnfO{ ;lxbsf] d'v dgk5{
h'g d'vaf6 Gofo, ;dfgtf /
d'lQmsf] nflu cfjfh u'l~hGYof]
h'g cfjfhn] zf;ssf
sfgx? v'Ny], d'6'x? sfKYo] .
lk|o ;lxb d s]an
ltdLnfO{ dfof u5{' ..
dnfO{ ;lxbn] ufPsf]
qmflGtsf] af/]df
em'k8Lsf] af/]df
ul/asf] af/]df
;'dw'/ lut dgk5{
ld7f; nfU5, d]/} nflu
ufPsf] h:tf] nfU5 .
;a}sf nflu ufPsf] h:tf] nfU5 . .
h'g lutnfO{ zf;sn]
slxNo} dg k/fPgg\
slxNo} ufpg lbPgg\ ...
h;/L ef]sf]nfO{ ef]s dgk5{
h;/L hLjnfO{ nf]s dgk5{ .
dnfO{ ;lxbsf] ;ayf]s dgk5{ ..
cfdf dnfO{ ;lxb dgk5{ ...
dnfO{ ;lxb Kof/f] nfU5
dnfO{ ;lxb lk|o nfU5
{ f] dnfO{ ;lxbsf] d'6' Kof/f] nfU5
h'g d'6' slxNo} sdhf]/ ePg
h'g d'6n ' ] zf;snfO{ 3[0ff uYof]{ .
bl/b|nfO{ dfof uYof]{ ..
dnfO{ ;lxbsf] nIf
;lxbsf] p2]Zo ;xL nfU5 .
dnfO{ ;lxbn] b]vfPsf]
dxfg\ af6f] ;xL nfU5
;lxb lxF8]sf] af6f]df
dnfO{ ofqf ug{ ;xL nfU5
v} lsg < dnfO{
;lxb ;xL nfU5 .
h;n] Oltxf;df
b]znfO{ k|]d u/]sf] lyof]
;j{xf/fnfO{ k|]d u/]sf] lyof]
aGb's, ad, af?bnfO{
cfˆgf] ju{nfO{ k|]d u¥of]
cgj/t k|d ] u/]sf] lyof]
h;n] slxNo} ef]s eg]g\
h;n] slxNo} /f]u eg]g\
hf] slxNo} yfs]g
hf] slxNo} efu]g
g p;n] /ftf] emG8f em'sfof]
g t p;n] lz/ em'sfof]
cljrlnt eof]
cfˆgf] ;kgfdf
nlIft eof] df]rf{sf ljkgfdf
h;n] lghL :jfy{nfO{
ltnf~hln lbP/
ljrngtfnfO{ nft xfg]/
wfjf af]Nof] b'Zdgsf lj?4df
bnfn Joj:yfsf lj?4df
xf] d p;}nfO{ k|d ] u5{'
h;n] k|f0f Tofu u¥of]
;lhn};uF xf;L–xf;L
o'4 df]rf{df /ut aufof]
h;sf] z/L/n] yfk]sf]
ad / aGb'saf6 lg:s]sf]
uf]nL, w'jf / 5/f{nfO{
r'krfk nfu]/
cfTd;ft u¥of]
h;sf] /utsf] k|]/0ffaf6
/ftf /ftf dfG5] hGdfof]
of]4f hGdfof], gofF ljrf/ hGdfof]
===xf] d Tof] lk|o jL/, cd/ of]4fnfO{
dxfg\ ;lxbnfO{ k|]d u5{'
cfk"mnfO{ eGbf a9L dfof u5{'
d ;lxbsf] k|d ] af6
cljrlnt x'g] k|lta4tf u5{' .
d ;lxbnfO{ k|]d u5{' . .
-n]vs M clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf h'Dnfsf OGrfh{ x'g_\
 @)&( ;fn dª\l;/ !! ut] cfOtaf/
sGrg / ;'bz{gnfO{ v'nf kq
‘tkfOs+{ f] cfufdL ofqfsf] tuf/f] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ xf,] of bnfn k'h“ LjfbL ;Qf xf] <’
olta] n f qmflGtsf/L zlQmn]
cfTd;dLIff u/]/ bnfn k'h F Ljfbsf
lj?4 ;zQm ¿kdf df]rf{ s:g] a]nf
xf] . ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfndf cfˆgf] :jfy{
k'/f ug{ gofF kfqx?nfO{ slyt
lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ j}wflgs tl/sfn] ;bgdf
k'¥ofPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] dtnfO{
Pd;L;L / P;kLkL sfof{Gjognufot
y'k}| k|sf/sf /fi6«3ft, / hg3ftdf
k|of]u ul/g] s'/f lglZrt 5 . To;sf
lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ qmflGtsf/L, jfdkGyL,
k| u ltzLn / b] z eQm zlQmx?
Psl9Ssf eP/ n8\gk' g]{ a]nf tkfO{+ /
tkfO{s + f] kf6L{ t pN6} qmflGtsf/L kf6L{
g]skf / To;sf] g]tT[ j dxf;lrj
sd/]8 laKnasf lj?4 …Gjf/fgb]lvs}
anÚ nfP/ nflu/x]sf] 5 . g}ltsxLg,
dof{bfxLg, skf] s lNkt, e| d k" 0 f{ ,
if8\oGqk"0f{ / b'ZdgnfO{ v'zL agfpg]
/ qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{, ;dy{s,
z'elrGts / kl/jt{gsf/L hgtfnfO{
lg/fz t'Nofpg] k|sf/sf ldTYof
cleJolQmn] jf:tjdf s;nfO{ kmfObf
k'¥ofPsf] 5 uDeL/tfk"j{s ;f]Rg /
af]w ug{ h?/L 5 . Pp6} kf6L{df
/xFbf s;sf slt sdhf]/L eP, s;sf]
bf]if s] xf] / sf] slt bf]ifL tyf
cfhsf] of] kl/l:ylt s;/L l;h{gf
eof] < To;sf] j:t' u t ;dLIff
elaiodf klg x'g] g} 5 .
kf6L{ g]t[Tjn] cufl8 ;f/]sf]
/0fgLlt / sfo{gLltdf c;xdlt /fVg
kfOG5, lrQ ge'em] km/s dt /fVg
kfOG5 . km/s b:tfj]h Nofpg /
ax;df n}hfg kfOG5 . kf6L{ Pstf
hf]ufpg y'k}| ljsNk x'bF fx'bF } kf6L{af6
alxu{dgsf] ofqf /f]h/] kf6L{ gfdfs/0fd}
/fhgLlts ?kdf a]OdfgL u/]/ ax'dt
/fVg'eof] . tkfO{+ hlQsf] ljåfg\ g]tfnfO{
cToGt} Go"gtd / ax'dt 5'6o\ fpg]
1fg 5}g eGg' klg s;/L < t/ tkfO{s + f]
alxu{dg Ifl0fs sfo{gLlts ;jfndf
lgx'F vf]h/] uPh:tf] ¿kdf b]lvP
tfklg To;kl5sf ;a} ultljlwn]
lgof]lht / k|fof]lht xf] eGg] :ki6
b]lvG5 . en} To;sf] k'li6 x'g s]xL
;do cem} cjZo nfUg]5 .
sfd/]8 tkfO{n + fO{ Pp6f cg'/f]w
5– k'iknfnnfO{ nfnu2f/sf] laNnf
le/fP/ clxn] kZrftfksf] cu]gf]df
hln/x]sf sd/]8 df]xglaqmd l;+xsf]
em}F sxfgLsf] kfq tkfO{+ aGg'xbF' g} eGg]
d]/f] klxnf] ;'emfj 5 . kf6L{leqsf
/fhgLlts, cfly{s tyf ;Ë7gfTds
;d:of / cGt/la/f]w s]–s] lyP /
ltgsf] ;dfwfg ug{df g]tT[ jk+lQmdf
/x]sf g]tfx? / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] s]–
slt sdhf]/L of ck'utf eP To;sf]
a:t'lgi7 ;dLIff ug{ Oltxf;n] slxNo}
5]saf/ nfpg] 5}g . lsgls Oltxf;
lgd{d x'G5 / Oltxf; s;}sf] OR5fdf
klg n]lvg] x'bF g} . jt{dfgdf t cf–
cfˆg} ;fk]Iftfdf lgisif{x? x'g] g} eP .
dxf;lrj sd/] 8 laKnasf]
g]tT[ jdf cf7f}F s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] !@
cf}+ k"0f{ a}7s;Ddsf x/]s lg0f{osf]
lhDd] j f/Laf6 sd/] 8 sGrg /
;'bz{gnfO{ efUg] 5'6 sbflk x'bF g} .
h'g a}7ssf] lg0f{onfO{ cfwf/ agfO{
tkfO{+ cnu x'ge' of] To; a}7sdf ;d]t
tkfO{n + ] cfˆgf] km/s dt bh{ ug{
g;s]/ /fhgLlts ?kdf cToGt}
ckl/kSj ;flat cfkm}+F x'ge ' of] . kf6L{
leqsf] ax;df, lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;xdlt
hgfpg] / aflx/ cfk"m cg'sn " AofVof
ub}{ cfˆgf] u'6 v8f u/]/ ljefhgsf]
aLp /f]Kg' eof] . kf6L{ km'6fpg Odfgbf/
g] t f, sfo{ s tf{ ; F u Odf] : gn
ANofsd]lnª ub}{ sd/]8 ;'bz{g / tkfO{+
Ps xb;Dd ;kmn x'ge' of] . jf:tadf
r'gfjdf ghfg] / hfg]sf] ;jfneGbf
kf6L{ leq sd/]8 ;'bz{g;Fu hf]l8Psf
ljifodf pGd'lQm lbnfpg] unt
lgotnfO{ :yfgLo txsf] r'gfjsf]
ljifodf ljjfb v8f u/]/ cfk"m
alxu{dg x'g] / cfly{s d'2fnfO{ r'gfaL
ljjfbsf] n]kg nufP/ :jtM …;lN6g]Ú
d];f] vf]lh/xg'ePsf g]tfnfO{ s]
vf]H5;\ sfgf cfvf] eg] em}F ePsf]
s'/f :jtM k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 . gq
:yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rgdf kf6L{
hfg'k5{ eg]/ sd/]8 ;'bz{gn] bfª /
?s'd lhNnfsf] kf6L{ k|lzIf0fdf af]Nbf
a]xf];d} af]ns ] f] eg]/ :jLsf/ ug{
;Sg'k5{ . Tolt dfq} xf]Og lrtjgsf]
clGtd k|lzIf0fdf kf6L{ btf{ gu/L
:yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rgdf :jtGq
pDd]bjf/L lbg] eg]/ k|lzIf0f lbFbf
klg cfˆg} xf];df t x'gx' G' Yof] ls gfO{
tkfO{s + f] k|lzIf0fsf] cl8of] / lel8of]
;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu cg'dlt lnO{ dfuL
bf]xf]¥ofO–t]x¥] ofO{ ;'gs] f] x]/s
] f] 5' .
xfn cfP/ kf6L{ PsLs[t x'bF fs}
avtsf tkfO{+ ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf
sfof{Gjog ePsf kf6L{ sfd sf/jfxL
/ lg0f{ox?sf] uf]klgotf eË ug]{ 5'6
sf]xL s;}nfO{ 5}g . lautsf sdf]hf]/L
/ ck'utfx? olb lyP eg] Tof] a]nf
df}g a:g] / clxn] ck/fwLs/0f ug]{
5'6 klg s;}nfO{ x'bF g} / Tof] g}lts
ljifo klg xf]Og . o;f] eGb} ubf{ d
cfˆgf] cfnf]rgfTds b[li6sf]0fk|lt
k"0f{¿kdf :ki6 g} 5' . s;}kl| t klg
d]/f] b]jTjs/0f /xFbg} . /, s'g} klg
ju{ldqk|lt /fhgLlt ?kdf jf AolQmut
?kdf zq'tfsf] efjgf klg x'bF g} . t/,
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] ;b:o x'gs ' f] lx;fan]
kf6L{ gLlt / g]tT[ jsf] /Iff ug{' d
cfˆgf] bfloTj 7fG5' . kf6L{ ;d:of/lxt
/ g]tT[ j sdhf]/L/lxt eGg] s'/fdf d
ljZjf; ub}g{ . To;df :ki6} 5' .
la/f]wLnfO{ d;nf x'g] / xfdLnfO{
3t nfUg] / tkfO{+nfO{ elg/xg dhf
cfpg] xf]nf ;fob ljifo s] xf] eg]
lautsf tkfO{+;lxtsf] lg0f{oaf6
lqmofGjog ePsf s}of}+ sfdx¿ h:t}
kf6L{ sfof{no lgdf{0f, cfjf; lgdf{0f,
sDo'g Joj:yfkg, pTkfbgsf, ;xof]u
;Íngnufotsf dl;gf
sfdsf/afxLaf/] clxn] cfP/ hf]z
lgsfn]/} af]ln/xg'xG' 5, elg/xg'xG' 5 .
oL ;a} ljifodf tkfO{n + ] plDsg vf]h/]
s;/L plDsg'xG' 5 < tkfO{s + f] efiffdf
tL unt x'g eg] To;sf] c+lzof/
tkfO{+ x'g] ls gx'g] < gq eg] To;a]nf
lg0f{o k|lqmof / sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf
cfkm}F ;xefuL x'g] clxn] cg]syl/
cf/f]k nfpg'nfO{ 3fF;leqsf] xl/of]
;k{sf] ?kdf lsg ga'‰g] < olb tL
lg0f{o unt x'g eg] tkfO{+ klg bl08t
x'gk' 5{ ls kb}g{ jf tkfO{n + fO{ bf]ifL
dfGg] ls gdfGg] <
xfdL o' j fx¿sf] lbdfudf
qmflGteGbf csf]{ ;kgf s'g} klg 5}g .
tkfO{+x?sf] ca Ps lx;fan] cfwf
lhGbuL afFsL 5 xfd|f] k'/f lhGbuL
afFsL 5 . qmflGtsf] lglDt alnbfg
lbg tof/ o'jf zlQm d'ns ' df laBdfg
bnfn ;Qfsf] v/fgL agfP/ j}1flgs
;dfhjfb rfxG5 . rfx] hf];'s}
sDo'lg:6n] g]tT[ j u/f];\ . t/, g]tT[ j
ug{' t stf xf] stf hf]z–hfFu/n]
el/k"0f{ o'jfx?nfO{ qmflGtsf] lap
hf]ufpF5' eGb} k|mLh gu/]s} /fd|f] .
kf6L{ cGt/;‹if{df Ps dlxgf klg
l6Sg g;Sg], ljutdf g]tT[ jsf cufl8
k'R5/ n'sfP/ ?em]sf] la/fnf] em}F x'g]
df}g a:g], s}of}+ g]tf, sfo{stf{n]
kf6L{nfO{ dha't agfpg lbPsf
;'emfjnfO{ g]t[Tj ;dIf :ki6 /
b[9tfk"j{s /fVg g;Sg] lautdf
kf6L{ d f pTkGg sof} + ;d:ofx?
;dfwfgsf] nflu kxn lng lnlvt /
df}lvs ?kdf cg'/f]w ubf{ g]t[Tj;Fu
jf kf6L{ a}7sdf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf]
nflu s'g} klg ljifosf] p7fg\;Dd
ug{ g;Sg], tkfO{+n] g} ;Dxfn]sf]
sdfG8df ;d]t kf6L{ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog
/ ;Ë7g kl/rfngdf Aofks lkmtnf]
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kqmfp k'hL{ hf/L ePsf dxf;lrj
sd/]8 laKna ;+;bjfbdf uP eGg]
t/ cfk"mn] agfPsf] kf6L{ Ps jif{
klg /fd|f; ] uF rnfpg g;Sb} kfFr jif{
klxn] r'gfa k|of]u u/]sf] df]xg a}Bsf]
kf6L{nfO{ qmflGtsf/L dfg]/ Pstf ug{
sl:;g', kf6L{sf] sfo{lbzfsf] Gjf/fg
;d]t ug{ c;kmn ;flat ePsf
nufot y'k|} tYox? 5n{Ë ePsf]
b]Vbfb]Vb} tkfO{+ cfhsf] ;fd|fHojfb
/ bnfn k'FhLjfb;Fu n8\g ;Sg'x'G5
/ qmflGt xfFSg ;Sg'x'G5 eg]/ s;/L
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rfxG5' .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, g]t[Tj,
gLlt / sfo{qmd;Fu c;xdlt /fv]/
cnu e};s]sf] cj:yfdf cfk"m lglb{i6
uGtJosf] ofqfdf pTs[i6 ;flat eP/
cufl8 a9\gk' g]{ a]nf g]skflj?4 ufnL
ug]{ 6]G8/ lng'ePsf] cfef; x'g] u/L
lsg nflu/xg' ePsf] 5, ;a}eGbf
cgf}7f] / a'‰g g;lsPsf] ljifo oxL
xf] . s] of] b]zdf sd/]8 laKna /
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ l;WofP/ dfq}
tkfO{s+ f] PsLs[t hgo'4 / ;dfhjfbL
qmflGt k'/f x'g] xf] < of tkfO{+sf]
cfufdL ofqfsf] tuf/f] g] k fn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ xf] < of bnfn k'h F LjfbL
;Qf xf] <
g]kfndf ca qmflGt ;Dea 5}g
eg]/ ;fx|f k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] lsQfdf
pleP/ k|r08n] cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf]
a]nf qmflGt clgjfo{ 5 / ;Dea 5
eGb} lrxfgaf6 qmflGtsf] em08f
p7fP/ sd/]8 laKnasf] g]t[Tjdf
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kf6L{nfO{ km'6fP/ cfh qmflGt zAbnfO{
;d]t b"lift x'gu] /L kf6L{ / g]tT[ jlj?4
nflu/xFbf tkfO{s + } klg Odfgbf/ g]tf–
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s;sf slt sdhf]/L eP Tof] klg
cfTd;dLIff u/f}n + f . qmflGteGbf csf]{
olb p2]Zo ePg / 5}g eg] tkfO{s + f]
cnu efG5fsf] h?/t klg gxf]nf .
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dg} leqaf6 :jLsf/ ug]{ af6f] aGb
gug{x' f];\ . clxn] b'Zdgsf] k|xf/eGbf
tkfO{s + f] k|xf/ klg sd 5}g . cfˆg}
la/f;tnfO{ b"lift x'g] sfd gu/f}F .
Oltxf; s;}sf] OR5fdf n]lvGg .
Oltxf;sf] lgd{d ;dLIff Ps lbg x'g]
g} 5 . t/, tkfO{s + f] aa{/fx6, lrRofx6,
nfh klg nhfpg] u/L ul/Psf s'ts{,
e|d, ldTYof cf/f]k / ufnLunf}hn]
s]xL /f]dfGrs t xf]nf / To:t}
dfG5]x?sf] tflnn] cfgGb t cfpnf
t/ tkfO{s + f] cfˆg} AolQmTj / prfOnfO{
vf8nd'lg w;fb}{ 5 . ju{a/} Lx?nfO{
x;fO/x]sf] 5 . qmflGtsf/Lx? rfx]
h'g;'s} kf6L{sf lsg gx'g 3[0ffefj
bzf{O/x]sf] 5 . tkfO{s + f] cg'xf/dfly
s'l07t dgf]bzf emNsfO/x]sf] 5 .
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l:6kmg xlsª M ljZj a|xd\ f08 zf:qL, c;fwf/0f j}1flgs
;'dg g]kfnL
a]nfotsf] SoflDa|h ljZjljBfnosf P:6«fl] kmlhl;:6 l:6kmg xlsª cfd dflg;sf
nflu klg lk|o j}1flgs lyP . lsgeg], pgL cfd dflg;k|lt rf;f] /fVg] ljZj
a|Xdf08 zf:qL, n]vs / c;fwf/0f /f]unfO{ lhTb} afFlr/x]sf c;fdfGo dflg; lyP .
cNa6{ cfOG:6fOg, cfOHofs Go"6g xf/fxf/Ls} dxfg\ j}1flgs xlsªsf] hLjg pgLx¿
h:tf] ;xh lyPg . df]6f]/ Go"/f]g gfds z/L/sf c+ux¿ cr]t x'g] /f]uaf6 u|:t
xlsªsf] kfl/jfl/s hLjg klg hl6n] lyof] . lx+8g\ , af]Ng g;Sg] pgn] sDKo'6/fOH8
l;Gy];fOh/nufot pks/0fsf dfWodaf6 ;+jfb uy]{ . xlsª ;w}+ :jrflnt
lXjnr]o/df /xg afWo lyP t/ pgsf] sNkgfzLntf / cg';Gwfg ;fdYo{nfO{ /f]un]
5]Sg ;s]g . pgn] ef}lts lj1fgsf u'?Tjfsif{0f, a|Xdf08 lj1fg, SjfG6d Yof}/L,
sDo'lgs]zg Yof}/L / ydf]8{ fOgfldS; h:tf cg]s If]qsf] JofVof Ps;fy ug]{ k|of;
u/] . ANofs xf]n / lau AofËxlsªn] ;aeGbf pNn]vgLo cg';Gwfg ANofs xf]nsf
If]qdf u/] . ;g\ !(%( df cS;kmf]8{ o'lgel;{6Ldf :gftssf] 5fq x'bF fb]lv g} pgn]
ANofs xf]naf/] cWoog z'¿ ul/;s]sf lyP . pgn] ef}lts lj1fgdf :gftsf]Q/kl5
o'lgel;{6L ckm SoflDa|hdf ljBfjfl/lw cWoog ubf{ cfOG:6fOgn] k|ltkfbg u/]sf]
;fk]Iftf -hg/n l/n]l6le6L_ sf] l;4fGtnfO{ yk JofVof u/]/ ANofs xf]naf/] cg';Gwfg
ug{ yfn] . To;} a]nfb]lv xf] pgsf] c;fwf/0f dfgl;s Ifdtfaf/] dflg;x¿n] yfxf
kfpg yfn]sf] . pgnfO{ df]6/ Go"/f]g -PDof]6f« l] kms n]6/n l;n]/f]l;;_ n] ;dft]sf]
ToxL ;dodf yfxf ePsf] lyof] . xlsªsf cg';f/ ANofs xf]nsf] ktg lau AofË
lyof] . ;fk]Iftfsf] cy{ ANofs xf]nsf] s]Gb| -l;+un' fl/6L_ af6 a|Xdf08 z'¿ ePsf]
eGg] xf] . ;g\ @))& df l:6kmg cGtl/If ofgdf a;]/ k[YjLeGbf k/ k'u] / z"Go
u'?Tjfsif{0fsf] cg'ej lnP . xlsªn] a|Xdf08sf] pTklQ ;jf{lws 3gTjsf] cj:yfdf
/x]sf] s'g} ljGb'af6 ePsf] / To:t} ljGb'df cGTo x'g] atfP . pgn] k]g /f]h;Fu ldn]/
;g\ !(&) df k|sflzt u/]sf] y]l;;n] ljZje/ rrf{ kfPsf] lyof] . To;a]nf pgnfO{
/f]un] c;fWo Roflk;s]sf] lyof] . lXjnr]o/sf] ;xf/f lnO;s]sf pgn] k|ltkfbg
u/]sf] a|Xdf08 pTklQsf] l;4fGt cem};Dd csf6\o dflgG5 . pgsf] cg';Gwfgkl5
ANofs xf]naf/] gofF vf]h x'g yfNof] . ANofs xf]nn] ;a} lrh cfk"mdf ;dflxt u5{ /
o;sf] ef/ a9\5 eGg] xlsªsf] z'¿sf] wf/0ff lyof] . kl5 pgn] ANofs xf]nsf] cfsf/
36\g klg ;S5 eGg] vf]h u/] . To;cg';f/, ANofs xf]n v'DrFb} hfFbf To;af6 pmhf{
-/]l8o;g_ pT;h{g x'G5 / lj:tf/} ANofs xf]n gi6 x'G5 . xlsªn] ANofs xf]nsf]
Oe]G6 xf]/fOhgdf k'uk] l5 s0f jf k|sfzsf ls/0f ;d]t a|Xdf08df lkmtf{ cfpFbg}
eGg] kQf nufP . l:6kmg xlsªn] ef}lts lj1fgsf b'O{ a]Unfa]Un} l;4fGt– SjfG6d
Yof}/L / hg/n l/n]l6le6LnfO{ Pp6} ;"qaf6 JofVof ug]{ k|of; u/] . SjfG6d Yof}/Ln]
k/df0f' h:tf lgs} ;"Id lrhsf] cWoog u5{ eg] l/n]l6le6Lsf] l;4fGtn] cfsfz
u+uf, tf/f, u'?Tjfsif{0f / a|Xdf08df x'g] 7"nf 36gfsf] JofVof u5{ . of] cg';GwfgnfO{
pgn] k"0f{tf lbg g;s] klg cg';Gwfgsf] af6f] agfOlbPsf 5g\ . xlsªnfO{ a|Xdf08sf
;a} zlQmx¿nfO{ Pp6} l;4fGtaf6 JofVof ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] nfUYof] / pgL To:tf]
l;4fGt lgdf{0fdf k|of;/t lyP . k"jL{o bz{gdf …a|Xd;"qÚ eg]h:tf] To:tf] l;4fGt
agfpg pgsf] sNkgfzLntf / cg';Gwfg cl3 a9] klg k"/f x'g ;s]g . xlsªn]
cfˆgf] Yof}/L ckm Ple|lyª df a|Xdf08sf] lgdf{0f :ki6 ¿kdf kl/eflift l;4fGt
cg';f/ ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . of] l;4fGtn] k"0f{tf kfpFbf a|Xdf08 lgdf{0f, jt{dfg
cj:yf / cGToaf/] ;a} s'/f :ki6 x'g] pgsf] ljZjf; lyof] . Tof] cj:yfdf dflg;x¿n]
a|Xdf08 /rgfdf O{Zj/sf] b]g 5, 5}g eGg] s'/f a'emg] pgL atfpFy] . …===lx:6«L ckm
6fOdÚxlsª OR5fzlQm eP dflg; h] ug{ klg ;Ifd 5 eGg] b[i6fGt x'g\ . c;fwf/0f
¿kdf sl7g zf/Ll/s cj:yfdf pgn] u/]sf j}1flgs vf]h / a|Xdf08;DaGwL 1fg
;fdfGo kf7sn] ;d]t a'emg] u/L c la|km lx:6«L ckm 6fOd df n]vs ] f 5g\ . ;g\
!(** df k|sflzt of] k':ts cfh;Dd 8]9 s/f]8k|lt eGbf a9L laqmL eO;s]sf]
5 . of] k':tsn] a|Xdf08 zfZjt xf] ls s;}n] o;sf] /rgf u¥of] < dg'iosf] pb\ej
;+of]u dfq xf] of a|Xdf08 pkof]usf] nflu xf] < eGg] h:tf k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg
vf]hs ] f 5g\ . of] k':ts @#& ;ftf;Dd ;G8] 6fOD; sf] a]:6;]n/ ;"rLdf /x]sf
sf/0f klg rlr{t eof] . $) efiffdf cg"lbt ef}ltszf:qsf] of] k':tsdf cfwfl/t
lkmNd klg ag]sf] 5 . ;g\ !((# df k|sflzt csf]{ k':ts …ANofs xf]N; P08 a]aL
o'lge;];{ P08 cb/ P;];Ú df xlsªn] a|Xdf08 ;DaGwL cfˆgf cg]sf}+ cWoognfO{
/f]rs kf/fdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] eg]sf 5g\, d" n} ] cg';Gwfgx¿ u/]/ a|Xdf08sf]
/x:o vf]n+] . dflg;x¿ d]/f] sfdaf/] yfxf kfpg pT;'s ePsf] b]Vbf dnfO{ uj{
dx;"; x'G5 . "O{Zj/, Plnog / dflg;l:6kmg xlsª ;+;f/ O{Zj/af6 ;~rflnt 5
eGg]df ljZjf; ub}g{ y] . pgnfO{ nfUYof] of] ljZjeGbf a]Un} csf]{ ;+;f/ klg 5, t/
pgL;Fu To;sf] :ki6 k|df0f lyPg . pgL Tof] k'li6 ug]{ sf]lzzdf lyP . pgn]
eujfgsf] cl:tTj vf/]h u/]/ ;[li6sf] >]o u'?Tjfsif{0fsf] lgodnfO{ lbPsf 5g\ .
;g\ @)!) df k|sflzt b u|f08 l8hfOg k':tsdf pgn] n]vs ] f 5g\– …a|Xdf08 km]l/
Ps k6s z"Goaf6 z'¿ x'g ;S5 / x'g5 ] . To;/L crfgs x'g] vuf]nLo 36gf g}
xfd|f] cl:tTjsf nflu lhDd]jf/ 5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf a|Xdf08 ;~rfng ug{
O{Zj/sf] cfjZostf kb}g{ .Ú xlsªn] cfˆgf] n]Sr/ …nfOkm Og b o"lge;{Ú df
Plnogaf/] ljrf/ /fv]sf 5g\ . a|Xdf08df k[YjL h:tf cg]sf}+ tf/f / ltgdf hLjg
x'g;Sg] cg'dfg u/]sf 5g\ . Unf]an jfld{ªk|lt ;+;f/sf] Wofgfsif{0f ug{ pgL kof{j/0f
d'2fdf s7f]/ l6Kk0fL uy],{ /fhgLltk|lt rf;f] /fVy] / ;dsfnLg lj1fg hutdf d:t
/xGy] . km';b{ sf] ;dodf pgL cfOG:6fOgh:t} zf:qLo ;+uLt ;'Gy] . df]hf6{ /
ljyf]eg] nfO{ ;'g/] pgL cfˆgf] zf/Ll/s cj:yf la;{Gy] . xlsª @% k'; !((* df
a]nfotsf] cS;kmf]8d{ f hlGdPsf lyP . @! jif{sf] pd]/df ljBfjfl/lw cWoog z'¿
ubf{ df]6f]/ Go"/f]g l8lhhsf] lzsf/ ag]sf pgnfO{ 8fS6/x¿n] clwstd b'O{ jif{
afFR5f} eg]sf lyP . 8fS6/x¿nfO{ em"6f] ;fljt ub}{ &^ jif{ afFr/] @( kmfu'g @)&$
df lbj+ut ePsf l:6kmg xlsªn] ljZj dfgj ;dfhnfO{ 7"nf] of]ubfg lbPsf 5g\ .
ljrf/df, xlsªsf vf]hx¿n] ef}lts ¿kdf dfgj hLjgnfO{ k|ToIf of]ubfg lbg
cem} s]xL ;do nfUnf, t/ pgn] dfgj r]tgfnfO{ eg] cfˆg} hLjgsfndf psfl;lbPsf
5g\ . l:6kmg xlsªsf] dfgjLo kIf ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ ug]{ xf] eg] pgL cfOG:6fOgkl5sf
dxfg\ j}1flgs x'g\ .
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
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E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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sf7df8f}F . eG;f/ ljefusf cg';f/ sflt{s dlxgfdf dfq} g]kfnn] ! va{
‘hgqmflGt’ k9\gk} g]{ k':ts
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] d'vkq ;Gbe{df zflGtk"0f{ x'G5 eGg' ePsf] …;dfhjfbL ;Qf / clwgfosTjaf/]Ú
!* ca{ &# s/f]8 *( nfv %^ xhf/ Jofkf/ 3f6f Joxf]/]sf] 5 . of] cjlwdf …hgqmflGtÚ kfFrf}F cª\s k|sflzt lyof] eGg] ljifo zf]wk/s z}nLdf cfn]v ;dfj]z 5 . k'FhLkltju{n]
! va{ #! ca{ ^( s/f]8 #) nfv *) xhf/sf] ;fdfg cfoft x'bF f !@ ca{ (% ePsf] 5 . gjf} F dxflwj] z gsf] n] l vsPsf] 5 . zflGtk" 0 f{ / ;j{xf/fju{dfly ;a}eGbf a9L xdnf
s/f]8 $! nfv @$ xhf/ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] lgof{t ePsf] 5 . of] ;Fu}, rfn' ;ª\3f/df ;f] c+s k|sflzt ePsf] lx+;fTds b'j} af6f] v'nf /fVb} an u/]sf] ljifo g} clwgfosTjsf] ljifo
cfly{s jif{sf] $ dlxgfsf] cjlw cyf{t\ ;fpgb]lv sflt{s;Dddf g]kfnsf] xf] . hgqmflGtsf] kfF r f} F c+ s df k|of]usf] gLltnfO{ lsg ;fj{ef}d xf] . To;}u/L, afs'lggn] ;a} k|sf/sf
xfnsf] Jofkf/ 3f6f s'n $ va{ && ca{ (! s/f]8 &) nfv ^% xhf/ k'u]sf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgnfO{ sDo'lg:6
5 . oBlk of] Jofkf/ 3f6f ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf !% kf6L{ n ] s;/L x] g ] { < eGg]
k|ltztn] sd xf] . ut jif{sf] sflt{s;Dd cfOk'Ubf Jofkf/ 3f6f % va{ ^* ;DaGwdf n]lggåf/f cli6«ofnL
ca{ !& s/f]8 a9L /x]sf] lyof] . sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ n fO{ k| ] l ift
eG;f/ ljefusf cg';f/ sflt{s;Dd cfpFbf cfoftdf klg !* k|ltztsf] ug'e { Psf] lr¶L ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ut jif{sf] sflt{s;Dd ;f9] ^ va{ a9Lsf] cfoft 5 . h;n] r'gfjL sfo{gLltnfO{
ePsf]df of] jif{sf] ;dLIff cjlwdf dfq} % va{ ;f9] #@ ca{ a9Lsf] cfoft s;/L a'‰g] eGg] ljifodf wf/0ff
ePsf] 5 . cfoft;Fu lgof{tdf klg lu/fj6 cfPsf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . of] lgdf{0f ug{ ;lhnf] x'g]5 .
cjlw;Dd cfpFbf ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf lgof{tdf ## k|ltztsf] ;+sr' g cfPsf] To;}u/L, g]skfsf dxf;lrj
5 . sflt{s;Dd %$ ca{ && s/f]8 $# nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] lgof{t ePsf] ljKnjsf] …b'O{ 3fts xdnflj?4
5 . ut jif{sf] ;dLIff cjlwdf o:tf] lgof{t /sd *@ ca{ !@ s/f]8 $@ ;+3if{Ú zLif{ssf] cfn]v ;dfj]z
nfv a/fa/ ePsf] lyof] . ul/Psf] 5 . of] n]vn] bnfn
Ps jif{df #)( gof“ pBf]u btf{ ;Qf / ;fd|fHojfbn] g]skfdfly
s;/L xdnf ul//x]sf] 5 <
kf6L{leqsf cj;/jfbLx?nfO{
sf7df8f}F . pBf]u ljefusf cg';f/ Ps jif{df #$ ca{ #% s/f]8 nufgLdf
#)( j6f pBf]u btf{ ePs 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df @* xhf/ %@& s;/L k|of]u ul//x]sf] 5 < /,
To;sf] lj?4 g]skfn] s;/L
hgfnfO{ /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug]u{ /L pBf]u btf{ ePsf] *cf}+ /fli6«o pBf]u lbj;sf]
cj;/df z'qmaf/ cfof]lht sfo{qmddf pBf]u ljefun] hfgsf/L lbPsf] xf] . nl8/x]sf] 5 / s;/L n8\g'k5{
eGg] ljifodf lj:t[t JofVof
o;;Fu} b]ze/ pBf]ux?sf] ;+Vof * xhf/ &^$ k'us ] f] 5 eg] btf{ pBf]ux?sf]
s'n k"FhL @ va{ ^@ ca{ &@ s/f]8 xf/fxf/L k'u]sf] 5 . ul/Psf] 5 . dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
…wd]G{ b| cf]nLÚ u'6nfO{ lnglkofcf]
ljefusf cg';f/ o; cjlwdf ;a}eGbf w]/} pBf]u u08sL k|bz ] df /
;a}eGbf sd pBf]u ;'b/" klZrd k|bz ] df btf{ ePsf 5g\ . u08sLdf !)# j6f k|j[lQ ls6fg ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
pgLx?sf e| i 6, cg} l ts /
pBf]u btf{ x'bF f ;'b/" klZrd k|bz
] df jif{el/df s'n !@ pBf]u btf{ ePsf 5g\ .
n'lDagL k|bz
] df *$, afudtLdf #^ / s0ff{nL k|bz ] df $! j6f pBf]u btf{ u}/;j{xf/f k|j[lQsf] e08fkmf]/
ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L, n]vsn]
ePsf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . o:t} dw]z k|bz ] df !* / k|bz] ! df s'n !% j6f
pBf]u btf{ ePsf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . ut jif{ btf{ ePsfdWo] (! j6f pBf]u k| l taGwsf] ;dodf n] v ] s f]
…;do / >dsf] dxTjÚ gfds
7"nf], !)* j6f demf}nf / !!) j6f pBf]u ;fgf /x]sf 5g\ . h;dWo] %@ s/f]8
*( nfv nufgLdf s[lif jg k}bfj/df cfwfl/t pBf]usf] ;+Vof @! eg] !& ca{ n]v klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
>d / ;do dfgj hLjgsf
& s/f]8 ^& nfv nufgLdf phf{ If]qdf %) j6f pBf]u btf{ ePsf 5g\ .
cl:tTj / ljsf;sf cfwf/ x'g\ .
oL b'O{ tTjn] g} dfG5]nfO{
ljZjf;sf ;fy eGg rfxG5f}+ xfd|f] ;S5f},F g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ cfˆg} ;Qfsf] k|sl[ tsf cGo k|f0fLaf6 k[ys
hglk| o kf6L{ g] k fndf j} 1 flgs dflns agfpg ;S5f}F, j}1flgs / >]i7 agfPsf] xf] . To;sf]
;dfhjfbL ;Qf :yfkgf geP;Dd ;dfhjfb lgdf{0f ub}{ ju{, hflt, wd{ dxTjnfO{ ga'‰g' eg]sf] ;dfh
PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] af6f]df lg/Gt/ ljleGg vfnsf If]qLotf ljv08gjfbsf / JolQmsf] ljgfz xf] .
cufl8 a9\g k|lta4 5 . hgtf / gzfx¿af6 ltgsf e|dx¿af6 d'Qm ;fdfGoh:tf nfUg] of] n]v P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf] 7fGg] eGg] ljifodf ;Qfsf] lj/f]w u/]sf lyP . t/,
b]zsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ h'g;'s} ub}{ Pp6f ;'Gb/ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL dxTjsf] 5 . of] n]vnfO{ xfd|f] bfz{lgsx?sf] ;du| wf/0ff /flvPsf] dfS;{n] ;Qfsf] ljnf]kLs/0fsf] nflu
;+3if{sf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ tof/ 5 . ;Qf lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5f}F . kf6L{ e Gbf aflx/sf uDeL/ 5 . bfz{lgsx?n] ljlzi6 cj:yfdf ;+qmd0fsfnLg ;Qfsf] cf}lrTo bzf{pg'
g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;dfgtfk"0f{ Pj+ ;d[l4 To;}n] cfb/0fLo hg;d'bfo, cWo]tfx?n] klg dxTjsf ;fy lng] af]n]sf ljifonfO{ ;du| / clGtd ePsf] lyof] . n]lggn] …/fHo / qmflGtÚ
hLjg / b]zsf] :jfwLgtf g} xfd|f] xfdL tkO{x+ ¿sf] aLrdf Pp6f 5g\ eGg] xfd|f] a'emfO{ 5 . lgisif{sf] ?kdf lnP/ lje|d l;h{gf s[lt g} n]v]/ ;j{xf/f ;Qfsf] /Iff
kf6L{sf] uGtJo xf] . cfpg'xf];\ ;a} k|lta4tf JoQm ug{ rfxG5f},F xfd|f] hgqmflGtsf] rfn' c+sdf s= ug]{ ljt08tfjfbsf] v08g ul/Psf] ug'e { of] . dfS;{sf] …k]l/; sDo'gÚ s[lt
ldn]/ PsLs[t hgqmflGtdf nfda4 uGtJo eg]sf] j}1flgs ;dfhjfb xf] . ljifdsf] gjf}F dxflwj]zg;aGwL n]v 5 / dfS;{jfbsf] /Iff ul/Psf] 5 . To;} ljifodf s]lGb|t 5 . o:tf]
agf},+ hgtfsf] jf:tljs ljhonfO{ g]kfnL >lds hgtfsf] Joj:yf xf] . /x]sf] 5 . h;n] dxflwj]zgsf] lx+ ; f / zflGtsf] åGåjfbnfO{ dxTjk"0f{ ljifosf] 5gf]6 / To;leq
;'lglZrt ub}{ cufl8 a9f}+ .Æ ljZjsf >lds hgtfx¿;Fu ;xsfo{ dxTjaf]w u/fpg]5 . rfn' c+sdf s= ;lxTok/s z}nLdf /fVg] / zf]wk/s k|jz] u/]/ lg:sg' cfkm}dF f sl7g sfd
r'gfjdf===== ug],{ ;fy lbg] Joj:yf xf] . To;sf/0f uf]s'nåf/f lnlvt …lx+;f / zflGtsf] z}nLdf /fVg g;Sg] ;d:ofnfO{ of] xf] . n]vs s= lzn'n] ;f] bfloTj axg
hgtfn] . c3f{vfFrLdf d;fnn] k/fho xfdL cfˆgf] ;'Gb/ eljiosf] lgdf{0f åGåjfbÚ zLif{ssf] cfn]v ;dfj]z 5 . cfn]vn] ;DalGwt ljifodf ;dfwfg ug'{ePsf] 5 . t;y{, hgqmflGtsf]
a]xf]g{' k/]sf] 5 . afUn'ªdf eg] wGo ug]{ cfˆg} ;Qfsf] nflu Pstfa4 agf},F of] cfn]vdf dfS;{, n]lgg / dfcf]n] ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L, :yfoL ;ldlt kfFrf}F c+s k7gLo / ;+u|x0fLo /x]sf]
?vn] a]Odfg u/]g5 . lht xfl;n Psh'6 agf}F, xfdL pT;flxtleq ;j{xf/f qmflGt slxn], lsg / s'g ;b:o s= lzn' å f/f lnlvt 5 eGg] xfd|f] a'emfO/x]sf] 5 .
ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . clxn] :jtGqaf6 hfu?s agf},F xfdLn] ;+;f/nfO{ abNg
w]/} dflg;x? p7]sf 5g\ . lrtjgdf
:jtGq kf6L{af6 /lj nfld5fg]n]
cTolws dt NofP/ ljho u/]sf 5g\ .
;S5f},F xfd|f] >dn] ;+;f/nfO{ abNg
;S5 eg] xfd|f] b]znfO{ xfdL abNg
;S5f}F . of] ljZjf;sf ;fy cufl8 a9f}F
/ of] g]kfnnfO{ d'Qm ug]{ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{
;Eo ;dfhsf] klxrfgM n}l·s lx+;f lj?4sf] cleofg
lrtjgd} @# jif{sL s]6L 8f tf]l;df
sfsL{n] cTolws dt NofPsf] ;dfrf/
5 . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf g]tf k|r08
uf]/vfaf6 p7]/ ljho xfl;n u/]sf
clwsf/ ;DkGg ug] { PsLs[ t
hgqmflGtsf] af6f]df nfda4 agf}F Û xfd|f]
;kmntf ;'lglZrt 5 eGg] s'/f
n}lËs lx+;f b08gLo ck/fw xf] . sf]xL
5g\ . lgjf{rgdf gofF cg'xf/ ;Ls]
/fptn] lht]sf 5g\ . gofF lah]tfx?
s;/L cfpF5g\ x]g{ afFsL 5 . …h'g
tkO{x+ ¿dfem /fVg rfxG5' / clGtddf
km]l/ klg of] Pp6f ;'vb\ If0fdf b]z
ljb]zsf ;a} xfd|f g]tf, sfo{stf{,
s;}nfO{ lx+;f ePdf lgMz'Ns kmf]g g+=
hf]uL cfP klg sfg} lr/]sf]Ú . /fk|kfsf z'elrGts, ;dy{snfO{ z'esfdgf JoQm
1fg]Gb| zfxL klg gofF cg'xf/ x'g\ .
o;/L JolQm km]//] x'bF g} , Joj:yf g}
km]g{' k5{ . hgtfdf g}/fZotf 5fPsf]
ub}{ cfpg] Pp6f ;'Gb/ eljiosf] nflu
cufl8 a9f}F eGg] clkn ug{ rfxG5' .Ú !)) / !!$% df ph'/L u/f}+ .
j}1flgs=====
5 . @)&( sf] r'gfj clGtd r'gfj
x'g ;S5 . hgtfn] ljb|fx] u/] o;eGbf
cufl8 klg ;+;b eË x'g ;S5 . l:y/
a] k Qf of] 4 fx?sf] :d/0f / 3fOt]
of]4fx?k|lt pRr ;Ddfg JoQm ub{5' .
@)&( d+l;/ ( ut]b]lv d+l;/ @$
ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfndf qmflGt, kl/jt{g / /fli6«o d'lQm
sf]xL :jtGq pDd]bjf/ aflx/af6
kl/rflnt x'g ;S5g\ . clxNo} dflg;sf]
gfd tf]Sg' rfF8} x'G5 . k|fGtLo ;/sf/sf]
rfxg] /fhgLlt1 / g] k fnL >lds
hgtfsf] lglDt dxfg\ pT;jsf] k|ltlwTj
ug]{ ePsfn] o;nfO{ eJo pT;j Pj+
ut];Dd x'g] n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] !^
ah]6 o'/f]lkog o'lgogaf6 kl/rflnt
x'G5 elgG5 . Joj:yf c;kmn eO;s]sf]
5 . g]kfn cd]l/sf / o'/f]lkogsf] xftdf
kj{sf] ?kdf dgfpg l;+uf] kf6L{ k+lQm /
cfdhg;d'bfodf ljz]if cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .
b]zdf PsLs[t hgqmflGt lgs6
lbg] cleofg ;kmn kf/f}+ .
5 . cd]l/sf Pd;L;Lsf] sfof{no vf]n/] eljiosf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . bnfn
a;]sf] 5 . g]kfns} bnfnx?n] ;bgaf6 k'FhLklt ju{sf] /fHon] d+l;/ $ ut]
kf; u/]/ a'emfPsf 5g\ Pd;L;L . eLd cfof]hgf u/]sf] slyt r'gfjdf s'n
/fjnh:tf b]zeQmsf] cfjfh xfjfn] dtbftfsf] em08} $% k|ltztn] r'gfj
p8fPsf] 5 . lnk'ns ] , lnlDkofw'/f tyf vf/] h L ug{ ' jf alx:sf/ ug{ ' jf
sfnfkfgLdf ef/tsf] lgoGq0f 5 . o;sf] ;xeflutf ghgfpg'n] g]kfnL hgtf
lj/f]wdf gf/f, h'n; ' t a]nf df}sfdf cfˆgf] lxt / k|ltlglwTj ug]{ zlQmzfnL
x'G5 t/ ;/sf/ ;'Gb}g . ca a]nf ljsNksf] vf]hLdf 5 eGg] tYonfO{
cfPsf] 5 . w]/} ;do;Dd ;Xo x'g zlQmzfnL ?kdf k'li6 ub{5 . Tof] eg]sf]
;Sb}g . b]zsf] dfof 5 eg] ;a} b]z PsLs[t hgqmflGt / g]kfnL >lds g] k fn ;/sf/
lj1fkg af]8{
eQm zlQm p7\g' k5{ . hgtfsf] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf
g] k fnL===== xf] . o;sf lglDt tof/L /xg / nflu kg{
;Qfsf] lj¿4df p7\g, ;+3if{df plqg qmflGtsf/L zlQm, k|ultzLn zlQm,
h¿/L 5 . xfdL ;S5f},F xfdL PSsfO;f}F /fi6«jfbLx? / cfd g]kfnL hgtfdf ljz]if
ztfAbLdf g]kfnnfO{ :jfwLg agfpg clkn ub{5f}+ .Ú
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