i Tet deel gee grat aE eee He Cee ora esc sas asc Ne! VGCABLE La presse internationale en V.O. pour progresser en anglais POLITICS AMERICA'S ECONOMY AFTER TRUMP THE T HISTORY WHAT DID THE VIKINGS LOOK LIKE?_ Spécial Enseignants DECOUVREZ LA PLATEFORME NUMERIQUE VOCABLE ! Plea ree ALLEMAND © @® © eo Ue Ca Mee Aaa MESO Ce CEC Lily @G 0144 37 9797 — & vocablenumerique@vocable.frédito SOMMAIre _ ne507/026novembreav9décerbxe2020 ‘SOPHIE LAVERGNE REDACTRICE EN CHEF Near the Brexit finishing line ‘The United Kingdom offically leftthe European Union on the st of January, 2020, The ‘transition period’ to negotiate the terms ofits exit willend in usta few weeks on 31 December, 2020.As the deadline approaches, itistime toreflect how has. the Brexit project changed British culture since the 2016 referendum? Between reassessment of, theelites and division among voter, the rhetoric ‘seems extreme in acountry normally known for its restraint and composure. (One British city will benefit foran extra year from. European aid. Smaller cousin of Birmingham, Coventry was almost completely flattened during the Blitz and then hithard by deindustrialisation inaddition to having always suffered froma bad reputation within its ov country. Discover in cour section, Société, this little known city that hopes to restore its reputation thanks to this, international event. Finally, in the ast few weeks, some among us have had to leave the office and return to work: ing remotely. In response to the government announcements, many complained about not being abletoconcentrateat home as wellasinan office environment. In our section, Découverte, ‘you will find tips and good habits to adopt for boosting concentration, with only a litde bit oF organisation and planning needed ogreroussr )etsuer nsx (ets Eo article estreprssurleCD ou les MP3 se conversation Des intervene en VO. pouramélrervoirecompréhension Tous lesarticles du magazine sontluspardes anglophones surleCD (oules MP3) de lecture © fetoeztereporasevidéo lal arte su vocab Photo de couverture: stock NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTE ET EQUIVALENCE CECRL (Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues) facile AZ-BI_ #4 moyen B2-C1_¥: difficile CHCZ Pour faciiterierepérage eta comprehension lesmotstracuits sont suns dans ‘touslesartclesdumagazine. Grand angle 4 (Onparled’eux Alaune (++=<|] PPE: The Oxford degree that runs Britain @ —Adploma tojointhe ete Focus 4 Britain is becoming mad, bad and dangerous (i= © What does the futurehold forthe United Kingdom? Société +m | Dreading winter? Think like a Scandinavian TE © __Sometisforerretenng agnod wit =#m6|] Coventry: from ghost town to City of Culture mmm The city of Coventry, capital of culture 2021 Surlevif ‘ PRATICABLE nao Vocabulaire: Larelance économique / Grammaire: Dénombrables et indénambrables / Soignez vatreorthographe /leuxde mats A360 : Enjeux How the American economy did under Donald Trump @® _ Economic record of Donald Tum’ presidency, ‘The cola wars made Pepsi and Coke “the world's best marketers” “ Pepsiand Coca-Cola kings of marketing. Zoom 2 Culture Among Us: the ultimate party game of the Covid era 26 Why isthe video game Among Us so successful? (281) The best teen movies based on classic literature ~ Didyou know that many ten cuit fms were adapted from classics? Les échos Découverte What did the Vikings look like? EIanTamimm a © __ WereScandinavianwartorsblond with blue eyes? (Deme]] How tostay focused SEI 2 ‘Some tricks forboosting concentration. Les sorties 7 LedessinEIR _Rovauwe-uni | SHOW ME THE MONET Banksy's version of a Monet painting This painting, by famous street artist Banksy, is called Show Me the Monet. The titles a play on words for ‘Show me the money!’ aniconic line from the film, Jerry Maguire. The reference alludes to money and capitalism being the cause for the pollution featured in the painting. itis a parody of one of the most famous works of the French impressionist artist, Claude Monet entitled, Le Bassin aux nymphéas, Harmonie verte. With his usual gritty humour, Banksy hasgivenita “modem” twist with garbage such as traffic cones and shopping trolleys abandoned in the water, to represent what the landscape would look like now, in our era of pollution and climate change. Show me the Monet is one of Banksy'smost iconic paintings and was photographed one Last time before being sold in auction last month for £7.5 million. Iconic fue tine zentencecf tobe featured bepre entitled withthe te grity tough elt wit ere toch s x ‘perma ct landscape cots /etaok Uke ‘orestmble /avetionpubisaleof artes tothe highest fe 44 VOCABLE 025 roxenbe au 9b c20Ceux qui font l'actu @ retouverte icintossurwwmvocable.fr Jeremy Corbyn The former Labour leader has just been suspended fromthe party he used tolead. A few weeks ago, the Equality and Human Rights Commission pub- lished a report denouncing anti-semitism within the Labour Party. Jeremy Corbyn and his party had been suspected of holding anti-semitic views for years. He immediately downplayed the conclu- sions of the report and was suspended as a result. Current Labour leader Keir Starmer apologised to the Jewish community on behalf of the party, and promised the recommendations suggested by the Teport would be implemented in full former revous labour arrive arty oleate, ted {Dba the host belese ot Equaltyand Moran Rights Commision 2) eaten 2007 yo atm gerne Gordon Brno mona human rhs and pote eat /ohald eld bald {ohave/vew opin todownpay tome theerpatarce ef) Carrentpesarstarenpowerat tetramer toapologies =) 20/ nbeha fitter tolmplement opt nate fap intheUS, the famous talk showhosthasher ‘own book club, where she recommends titles to her viewers every month. In Novernber, however, Oprah Winfrey selectednot one, ‘but seven books that “helped [her] through iffcult times” soas to help her fans Face this Uncertain time. The books include: elt helo The Power Of Now, by Eckardt Tolle, The Fie Next Time, by ames Baldwin, (aclassicon the subject of racism) and Song Of Solomon by Nobel Prize winner Toni Morison, Oprah ‘promotes each of themin more detail on her instagram page, host reenter /book club eadngclib/ viewer parson watchngaTV programme to face a deal with setPhelppersaral development The Power (of ow ie pour du mat present |The Fire Next ‘Time La rechane Fos (eu /Songof Solomon Le chart deStontopremetetoariccten ie promationot ‘The famous actor Johnny Depp, lost the Court case he brought agains the tab ‘Sun after the newspaper called him a beater” in 2016, Amber Heard, the actor's former wife, was granted a restraining order against him after a series of violent encounters, where Depo was physically ‘abusive. Ths yearin court, Depp failed to prove thathe wasnot, indeed, a violent husband. The Guardian pointed out that this, efeat confirmed the beginning ofa new era far Hollywood since the #metoo movement, male celebrities are not protected by their status anymore. ‘obring, brought, brought casein acourtio Iretgatespanststhorsh beater abut ee ‘man whocommitsphysal abuse agarst site to {rant pe accord /restalning order out |Runcton protection roms abusWe vert to falltorottobesuccessfuln not marageto/Indeadin ‘ect /usbandsroise/topeint out ociaw ‘ttn remarkon’ deeathee os ale town Inthe UK, free school meals are given to children in need. As the economic crisis hits the country and many schools are closed for the holidays, famous soccer player Marcus Rashford - and now activist decided to campaign forthe government to continue to provide free meals to children during the closures. Parliament votedhis proposal down ~ inspite fit being supported by more than a million signatures online. Ther decision has sparked outrage. Since then, thousands of small businesses have volunteered to offer free meals tochildrenin thet local communities ~ filing the gap left by the government mmealrenast/tohit it, it he, to affect stk soccer “football (8) /activist tar: /tocampalgn end acampagn ight foracause mite 0 provide uri ee offer /tovotedown reject to ‘ote inspite egress ot despte/tosparkio ‘ase rorke/otrageirelatin ara ee, fy Business her comsany enters tovolunteero offertodasth tof gapte il the voi orelacesth VOCABLED.25rmerineau9cecerbe 020 * §Brexit | EES ROVAUME-UNi 2 B2-Cl EEE 200% oecxers) PPE : THE OXFORD DEGREE THAT RUNS BRITAIN ‘At the time of the Brexit referendum, Prime Minister David Cameron and Opposition Leader Ed Milliband had something in common - something also shared with leading political journalists, such as the editors in chief of The Economist and the BBC. They were all, without exception, graduates of Oxford University, with a degree in PPE (Philosophy, Politics and Economics). Whatis this degree that is the common factor of the British political elite? ‘Ntraditonal gracuation ceremony a Oxford University. (3), 16+ VOCABLE Dv25ro.entea9ctcertve 2020 conday,13 Apri 2015 was atypical day in modern British politics ‘An Oxford University graduate in philosophy, politics and economics (PPE), Ed Miliband, Tunched the Labour party's general election manifesto. It was examined by the BBCs po- litical editor, Oxford PPE graduate Nick Robin: son,by the BBC economics editor, Oxford PPE, _graciuate Robert Peston, and by the director of the Institute for Fiscal Studies, Oxford PPE ‘graduate Paul Johnson, Itwas criticised by the prime minister, Oxford PPE graduate David ‘Cameron, Itwas defended by the Labour shad: ‘ow chancellor, Oxford PPE graduate Ed Balls More than any other course at any other university, more than any revered or resented private school, and in a manner probably un: matched in any other democracy, Oxford PPE pervades British politcal life From the rightto the left from the centre ground tothe fringes, from analysts to protagonists, consensus- seekers to revolutionary activists, environmen: talists to ultracapitaliss, successive networks of PPEists have been at work at al levels of British politics ~ sometimes prominently, Ukpaty “eter wir eset anewspaper rage, ‘anewstrogan asnast-padalsnignasiect/shadow (hana rercemsteofthepary opps revered cred recent stees/ nmatched wthoutequltoperadetobepesateuywrerin/ ‘center (US}= centre (68) pound rere ola, ‘Sau fngeper oneal part meres puis party vith i /eoneansie sear se eh! ‘orebingio age vpoveopramise ovr betwee cep Ses networks ofirked thgpecle evel posen (vahnthehesacy /prominentynanerpertant way ‘fale A281 #4 mojenB2C1/ #8 ¥ cle@Q Texecnargezt'app Vocable offerte anos abomnés! wwrw.vocable.fi/applimobile sometimes more quietly -sincethedegree was established 97 years ago. ‘The course has also been taken by many foreign leaders-in-the making, among them BillClinton,AungSan Suu Kyi, and the Austrak ian prime ministers Maleolm Fraser and Bob Hawke. An Oxford PPE degree has become a global tatussymbol of academic achievement and worldly potential, Yet in the new age of populism, of revolts against elites and “professional politicians’, (Oxford PPE has lstits unquestioned authority. ‘More than that, it has become easier to doubt, ‘whether asingle university course, andits grad utes, should have such influence in the first place. Tits proiferating critics, PPE isnt aso tion to Britain's problems itisa cause of them, Oxford PPE remains opaque to outsiders. It is often mentioned in the media but rarely explained. When I asked one former party leader what got from the degree be said with, studied insouciance:"Why would you want to ‘rite about PPE?" As the establishment often. says when scrutinised: nothing tosee here. ‘PE thrives,’ says Willetts, a former educa tion minister, “because a problem of English education is too much specialisation to soon, ‘whereas PPE is much closer tothe prestigious degrees for generalists available in the United States. You've had to get through alot of work = 16essaysa term. That’ very useful later when ‘you haveto write a speech to a deadline." Wil letts adds: “As a minister, you do sometimes. think that British politcal life is an endless. recreation of the PPE essay crisis” {orign fom another oun /Inthemakingofthe ‘tre globarteratorl woe achievement acorplsrrent sce, yetnowevr/todoubttcalliioaeson/ whetherit (cot) fone rivsty subject shaidhaveso any ofits ‘lurninpowet/intha es place ben wth hee ata ‘oremain'ocartrvetobe/eutelderrt asncatad vithacerian op starger/formerex preven ‘othive,thrivedorthrove,thvedorthrvento ‘osperere perio sucess whereas ncenast/ ‘avalablec.o/toget got gotthroughic mane ‘tered accompli termpat ofthe acacerc year (veetemstoasctolstc ye) Speech ral ak ‘estan auece doacine re it change very much, [Noteveryone thinks that last minute cram ‘ming and improvisation ~ Cameron's hastily. arranged EU referendum comes to mind - is, the best way to run a country. The leading Brexit campaigner and former government ‘education adviser Dominic Cummings wrote onhisinfluential blog" you are young, smart, and interested in politics, think very hardbefore studying PPE... It actually causes huge prob lems sit encourages people ike Cameron and Fd Balls to... spread bad ideas with lots of ‘confidence and buffing” “The Labour peer Stewart Wood still runs ‘occasional seminars there for PPE students. “It does still fel likea course for people who are going to run the Raj in 1936,” he says. “Vastreading every week: writing essays that synthesise and summarise - these are the skills of a civil servant in the late British ‘empire. In the polities part of PPE, you can .g0 three years without discussing a single contemporary public policy issue. There's too ‘much about the past, bout political institu tions, and not enough about populism or social movernents: cramming rersestiyr.ningtoleamalotinashot ‘ine hastynahuied2ytocare,came,cometo mind toemiscrestc rere ebeanesama! ‘ampalgner eon erga carenign/adiser (tar /smartitliga actualy fact alty/ hhugecromous/tosprea, spread, spread serine propagate eonfidencesaassurance bale nest peer oi torun ran unter tocar ut conduct / ‘aj perodof Btehle mind (25800) /tosummarise toprec witeashorened vesonofthebase dees / ak carroeterce ably here qsaiaton/elvservant aon ‘ahowotsterhegavererent/ ate decease ee ome, (tatrolonerenss/poleyinevfcndxctatentedoya goverment asue sec. question mate The Bitish often use ths term to refer to their elite and political class It slighty differs from words ke “the elite’ or"the 19. The term establishment” implies that ths group sabi of a clique; ou need a certain pedigree to access (an Oxbridge education, for example) andit is very hard for “outsiders” to become part ofit. This term also implies that, inthe UK, the elite renews itself and doesn't establishments) ruigas le sighty atl abtofto smal dee ‘pedigretaclground stor (hee uct) /hardilt/eutsiderpersn rotbdengngtoaceran gop ‘The very structure of the course, Wood be lieves, leaves many PPE graduates with “a centrist bias’. "You caverso much material that ‘most students think, mistakenly, thatthe only ‘way to doit justices to takea centre position.” Oxford PPE began as something radical. In 1920, in the aftermath ofthe first world war, the university was in a reforming phase. An idea had been gradually erystallising for ade gree that engaged with the contemporary >>> very cus basco reference materia center suet mate mistakenly wre rsake Intheaftemathotinhe peed ilove / gadually tet toengage with oconnect wih oreractt/ _ (ome ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE "A course" Attention | "a course” en anglais ne ‘designe pas un cours mais une série de cours. Un seul cours se it plutot "aclass” ov "alecture". -auniversity course un programme d'études a three-year course trols ans études acourse of lectures une série de ‘cours oude conférences todoa Spanish course suive des cours d'espagnot What's on the syllabus for French classes? Quels sont les sujets au ‘programme pour les cours de fancals ? Ican'tgo tomy English class this evening je ne peux pasassister a ‘mon cours d'anglais ce soir VOCABLE 0:25 mrbvea Serb 7020 * 7Brexit | EE ROVAUME-UNI | | > B2-C1 ‘worl, Such a degree, argued economics and philosophy dons, would produce graduates bet ter able to serve Britain and its empire. PPE quickly became Oxfords fastest growing degre. ‘Yt during the postwar years, PPE gradu: ally stits radicalism. The PPE tutors acquired habits, andthe syllabus"stoppedevolving” says, Williams. By thelate1960s, despite thedecades global explosion of protest politics, PPE was stil focused on more conventional, sometimes insular topics. Not coincidentally it became a favourite forthe offspring of prominent politi- cians and economists Oxford PPE can be a stubborn, elusive en- emy. At the university, itis both everywhere and nowhere. PPFists are ubiquitous” says the third-yearstudent. ‘Nearly every student soci- ety will have PPEists on its committee. PPEists are generally quite outgoing, good at talking, good at flitting from one thing toanother” Students of more rigidly timetabled Oxford Aegrees, such asthe sciences, have tradition ally considered PPE a bit lightweight. In a ‘women’ toilet cubicle in one ofthe university, libraries, there used to be graffiti above the toile rol:"PPE degree. lease take one.” The third-year student ays:“In my tutorials, ‘were talkingabout the Brexit {court case. Were reading current government documents about it" PPFists can also study "Game Theory’, or Politics In China’, o “the Sociology of Post- Industrial Societies”. The perennial criticism ‘marque ater asco alm /donurtesty pote, ‘mot re toeertoacencr memberfacalegeat Oars Or Cami faststrowinghee with themostend tutor: or ania malt outne, vstalproctze/sllabuscouseproparere/tofoausonto ‘orcentatecn beceeedon star rary forex ne, Sralranget tapi sitet se rte offspring (ie) hiker desendrs/ prominent sient. mgr stubbomctsinat elusive rpaestble/ ublgultous arrest /outgaingertovct toto ImovequcyFamane ting to snobs, timetabeschedse he. prsare lightweight ‘uperieafoletebidlesral ease sare withatlet webnacmesnapubietoetacy/Warylacwee ‘Ncesand took lect rested /abowe repo ‘uteri reividalesson/enurteasalt es confet/eument at reset hacperrgnow/ 18+ VOCABLE Duz5no;enivea9cicenne 2020 ‘The House of Parliament (left) and 0 Downing Street (ight). (Suc/Ss) of the degree as parochially British and old fashioned can be overdone, Between 1979 and 1997, fewer PPEists than ‘usual became central politcal figures. The gov- ernments of Margaret Thatcher was more hard ‘edged and dogmatic, and so had less use forthe supple,compromising, mindset of many Oxford PPEsts. ‘As Thatcherism began to weaken in the late 80s and early 90s, so PPE was helping to form the next, more prag- ‘matic generation of British paliticians. David Camerondid the degree from 1985 to 1088. "You could see Cameron as a classic PPEist: worldly-wise, tutored in the ways of the me- dia, the essay-crisis prime minister” says the documentary maker Michael Cockerell Maurice Glasman say: ‘PPEists don't do conflict. Oxford PPE reduces everything in politics toa technical question: what’ the right policy? PPE teaches you, Donttbe vile to bank: ers after the financial crash. What they were parochathe.ratoalt, hawt old-fashioned ‘uated bed thetmes passe /toowerd, id done poteofareraggerate hard-edgeduncomororiss.apsessve/supple fesblecorcatory/mindsat way thnk mentalty. ‘toweakentabacurelesspoveru ecine/ wordlyorse avare operandi thewaysolthe word, sil raya doing wasn't stealing it was down to thewrong government policy In some ways, Oxford PPE is stil thriving. ‘Onesuccessfulrecent applicant says “When you. gp tothe lectures, and they're absolutely packed ‘at ~ hundreds of people - you realise that only a fewof them will go into font- Tine politics” Instead, the influ- ence of PPE has become more diffuse: many politically in- clined graduates go on to work forchatities, aid agencies active ist groups, the World Bank, the United Nations itisan acknows edgement by the students them- selesthat the daysofthe degree simply producing a Westmin- ster elite may finally beending Butif PPE does not survive, Oxford Univer sity, ever pragmatic already offersan alterna- tive of sorts. Seven years ago, Oxford opened the Blavatnik School of Government. The Blavatnik offers courses in public policy for postgraduates, but summarises its mission more expansive: “educating leaders’. In Brit ain, asin mostold countries, one elite tends to replace another. tobedowntotsbedvetn tobecaisadby applicant ante /lactreconeerceatainversty /tobepacked ot!o%creytssfromtine pale ‘lament polis /hartyron-poft gnsaton| whic hpsacause/ acknowledgement pion ofsortsf skins postgraduate student studyafors agheruniversey cere (rastescr deta, ‘efacleA2-BI/ x mOpeNBDCH/ HH dcle CZPolitique | EXZ ROVAUME-UNI Aswe clase this sue, BES PM treUcondthecvhave FRUMMTEATE PM teen taking orthe a lasew west fereress communcating ud aq a tothemedia. Many i MB thought thesience ‘meant that negotiations had reached a breakthrough but both sides asserted that these were stil “major disagreements on key issues. ano-deal Brexit inevitable? In Octobe, the government launcheda "Time s running out” publicty campaign, to warn firms dealing with Europe to prepare orano-deal Brent ‘osdeal Brest rsh ext fom the European Union witout aceal/toelose beretocondde/ Issue ston/tomean,meant, meant osariy/ breakthrough nial sacc=s/toasuert hae toclam stm dlaagreement (ferenceefepion issue Brext supporters thought that by leaving Europebehind Btaincouldget coseto itstamousally the United States Bors Jahrson and Donald Trumphaveorten been compared ~ and the former President nasa frcedefender of Bret. This the casefor oe Ber ther views con'trecessrly algn on allsubjects suchas the BlackLives Matter movement Biden also thinks that ets armistake, supporter deere: adherent follower! formers peu / ree fever” defender supoore: partsen view opinion "Black Lives Matter organsec move ‘narestootebrvaty aac According to The Economist, the darnage wil benotceable butnot dsastrous” for The ty of London the finandal centre of thecounty. Marethan £1 tillon of assets (and thousands of jos) have moved fromLondon ‘omainland Europe. The Cty wil standalone to face alarger number of competitors (the EU. but alsorsing Asan mathe), However, because ofits egal system (and language), London ssf anattractvebusiness centre ‘damageram/noticeabesiaiicart.ssble/asset francalceptal/ mainland cortinnt/t stand, stood stood ‘alone to workindepenertl/ competitor val/rishngicreash, wow'na/legalelatngtothe law ak Brest wasvotedin 2016 andthe referendum wasannounced the year before. TheUKhas always been Eurosceptic: they refused the euro, felt trapped by the Maastricht Treaty and threatened to leavethe Union several times, especially when Margaret Thatcher was the Prime Miistern the 80's. Euroscepticideas started spreading again in the mid 2010, because of UKIP (the UK independence arty) andits leader, Nigel Farage.UKIP gained ground in several elections, and started threatening the popularity of the Conservative party. ledby David Cameron atthe time. To counterattack, DavidCameran promised he would hold areferendum it ‘the Conservative party won themajoty in ‘the 2085 general election ~whichhe dt PM=Prime Minister /tocallioiniate ‘aganse/Brext = xan vex (he Er Union) reminders tat makes are remeber sth/ trapped imprisoned baced /tothreaten ‘omenace/ to spread, spread, spreads etd todevlop/togain ground to popes / tolead,ledjed tobe st tnehead/atthe thmebsck then to hold, held eld to orgarise general election natoral elton, VOCABLEDU 25 norentreau9acente2020* 9Brexit | SE ROVAUME-UNI || +k B2-C1 uk/coronavirus ‘Brtaln’s Chancellor Rishi Sunak left), British Prime Mi Bea eet cot eet Eee nhs.uk/coronavirus ee eu nhs.uk/coronavi, Dd feet eset eet BRITAIN IS BECOMING MAD, BAD AND DANGEROUS Inrecent years, with Brexit and the election of Boris Johnson, British politics has become uncompromising and extremistin nature. What are the reasons for this change? Like the Americans, the British seem more and more divided... de British lke to think thatthey have a genius for defusing conflicts. France's toad to democracy lay through the Revolution and the Terror, Britain through the Great Reform Act. Germany and Italy had Hitler and Mussolini. Britain had Oswald ‘Mosley. who signed his political death warrant as soonashe donned a black shirt and tookto walking oddly. todefusehr tomatlesshosie/ tlle taylan though et tops (vou) Great Reform Act so ‘nouns eRepresentationof the People Act (132) hichiteduceg apr changestothe deca ste of ErdandaraWokes/deathwarantsthsertere/to don opiton to war/totake, took takentotostrt/ dy stare WO VocABLE D26rovertxeau9 deere 2020 ‘et thisillusion is born of ashore sighted view of history and geography On theislandof Irland British citizens have only just stopped murdering cach other forsectarian reasons Peaceisarecent phenomenon on the British mainland, too. In thex7th century the Civil War claimed the lives of a higher proportion of men than did the first ‘world war. The th century sawan epidemic of riots and public drunkenness. Boyd Hiltons volume ofthe Oxford History of England cover yethowevs/ short-sighted wihnoferes/ entation at coldhagpenin the ure /view son! ‘ize peony just at ore ag /tomurde ‘mabland ort {asoppose toa are) toda the Uiesoftocausethe ceathof at volt test runkennessinebicn state ofbengatlectbalehol/ ingthe yeas from 1783 to1846isentited"A Mad, Bad and Dangerous People”. Britainas enjoyed a stable couple of centuries notbecause the British people area naturally pa "ums wonnss zn 7 Sy > FSB ee ZOusona :SNOUMOS nay ara ey us 850 9/20 SNOUT (Ne manquez pas dans le prochain numéro la nouvelle page PRATIC’ABLE : Douceurs et patisseries 20+ VOCABLEDv25noventvea9Geertxe 2020— >; Le tour du monde en V.0. 7 A yey “Koe knuffelen,” which translates as “cow hugging” is a new wellness trends in the Netherlands. It consists of, literally, spending time on a farm to hug cows and rest against them for a couple of hours. According to those promoting the trend, cuddling huge bovines have soothing properties; their slower hearbeats and warm skin encourages the release of oxytocin, our “bonding” hormone. Ac cording to the BBC, the cows may enjoy it as much as their human partners: a study has shown that cows show signs of deep relaxation when they are cud- dled or massaged. tohug oembrare/ wellness wal-torg/ trend tendency fashion /toresto rela, remainquet andstl/tocudele oembrace/ soothing lina hearbea aut moverent of thehea/torelease (oerst/ banding rns emotional inks toenlay tenet am have the pleasirct/ deep rofoun inNgeria, young people are currently protesting against the violent policing perpetratedby the Special Ant: Robbery Squad (SARS). The repression led towhat is now known as the Lekki Massacre; 2protesters were kiled near the Lekki Toll Gate in Lagos. Amnesty international has publicly denounced the government, Famous Nigerian singer, Buma Boy, whose latest album received rave reviews worldwide, used his social media platform to raise awareness about the protests and offer his support. “Ths the most important ‘moment in Nigesa'histor he stated ina video posted on Twitter, “the youth ofthe largest black ration in the world have come together and decided enough is enough’ Shorty afterwards, the rapper released a new track entitled 2010-20, an homage to the victims of the Lekkimassacre. toprotesthe,todemenstiate/pois aw and oder suveancety plice to ededtoo est tatest make aval ‘tack ong tl Qi retrouverplusdintossun wwmvocable.fr Two lesbian couples were wed ina military mass wedding ceremony taking place in Taiwan. This was an historical moment for the country, as na LGBT* ‘weddings have ever taken place on such an occasion previously. In Asia, Taiwan is considered a pioneer in terms of LGBT+ rights; the countrys the only place in the region to have legalised gay mavriage, since May 2019, LGBTQ = Lesbian, Gay, Blsexual, Transgender and Queer/rightindarantalretsf nails Tolbert andjstee/ta wed, wedded or wedded tamary /massrsipcuses=tony/ wedding mariage cresrony /averat ary tmelnthepast A strong earthquake struck the Aegean Sea between the Turkish coast and the Greek island of Samos. Earthquakes are frequent in Turkey as the country is situated on top of two major faut lines ~ however, the countrys buildings aren't well equipped to withstand earthquakes effectively. The city of izmir, situated at the epicentre ofthe seismic shack, was in part destroyed. The death tolls expected to tise toup 10150 people. ‘earthquake sesic shoo, sudden violent moverentoftheeartissuface/tostrke, struck, ‘truck oht/ the Aegean Sea etc ofthe Nediteranean between Geaceand Tuk fault line pant of weakness /to withstand, stood, ‘stood est/ death all utero eats tobe ‘xpectadto ode predctedto tor ocAsLe a9 centre 2120 21Enjeux’ Economie | El ETATS-UNIS_] | B2-C1 oes DDonalg Trump hugsthe American fag at the American Conservatice Union conventionin 201.) HOW THE AMERICAN ECONOMY DID UNDER DONALD TRUMP The economic results in the United States under Donald Trump The American president incumbent, Donald Trump, has often boasted about his economic record while inoffice, whichhe considersno less than miraculous including: debt reduction, flourishing industries, and remarkably low unemployment figures. Whats the reality behind these assertions? Was the Trump presidency really beneficial for the American economy? intriguing explanation for why President Donald Trump makes outlandish economic claims. Mr Trump knows he ishyperbolising. when he says that America has enjoyed “the greatest economy in the history ofthe world” onhis watch, suggests Mr Mulligan, whowas until recently the chief economist on the pres- ‘dent's Council of Economic Advisers. tis a “strategy for getting the press to cover a new fact, which is to exaggerate itso thatthe press right enjoy correcting him and unwittingly ‘.outlanlshetraagart unteesabe lam assertion, section’ toenjoy here tober rom ave ons wateh ng spree) eens to ade, (Corser /toget, got goto make hee encores /50 tater thet “unwittingly witoutbere nee, iehrouinay 22+ VOCABLE DU 2inoembreau9 B2-C1 THE Sor THE COLA WARS MADE PEPSI AND COKE “THE WORLD’S BEST MARKETERS” How the war between Pepsi and Coke made them marketing masters Pepsi or Coke? One of the original players n the battle of the two powerhouses of the soda industry, CEO of Pepsi, Donald Kendall, died in September. His influence was critical during a time of one of the most famous marketing combats worldwide. Review of their titanic publicity campaigns and blind tastings... “ RR: oe any more!” cried Billy Joel in his chart topping song from 1989, ‘We didnt stat the fire" He had had enough ofthe intense market- ing battle between Americas fizzy drinks behe- ‘moths. As the underdog, PepsiCo had stunned. its bigger rival, Coca-Cola by signing Michael Jackson the erasbiggest musical stato promote its brand ina recorc-setting s5m deal 2. The cola wars became a cultural phenomenon. Credit for that goes to Donald Kendall, PepsiCo legendary formerboss, who ded on September sth aged 99. gifted salesman, he became the Firms top salesand marketing executive atthe tender age of 35 Seven yearslaterhe was named CEO, 3.By the time he stepped down asbossin 1986, PepsiCo’ sales had shot up nearly 40-fld, to 37.6bn. His legacy continues to shape the in dustry. PepsiCo's revenues last year of $67bn, dwarfed Coca-Cola's $37bn in sales. |. rockand llr tothe amous singers ho paticpatednackertsngcarmpalgsterPeps andCoca (ia to take, tok, takenta ciate /toery'o ay lout. ere. arg/ chart-topping nber ane the it Dade bight lazy carbonated elervescet/ behemoth gnt/ underdogweakerparticpantina competion t stun toshoc to suse seat brand Uroderark/record-settnghistorc/ dea conic. 2. former prevous/ gifted talented / salesman person hosel th exaeutve sero manager/CEO = Chet ecutive Ofice (US) managing dectr (8) 3:tostep downto esen/toshoot, shot, shat upto z0 ‘pdramaicaly fold muliptedby. (ee ales had been alta 40) b= illo onerous rion /Iegacyhettage contusion /te shape to Infuence/Wodwarf tomate sthlook al and Insgntieant hee tosurpass, to elpse 24» VOCABLEDI 26roverbreav Bente 2020 4. Decades before Black Lives ‘Matter he named African: Americans to top jobs, ‘making PepsiCothefirst big American firm to do so~staring down racists including the Ku Klux Klan, Which organised a boycott. GIGANTIC MARKETING CAMPAIGNS 5. Buthismasterstroke was the llout market ing blitz against Coca-Cola, long the global ‘market leader in non-alcoholic beverages. The two firmshad competed for decades, but they ‘mostly fought lowgrade battles. Mr Kendall changed that, by forcing both companies into an advertising arms race. In 1975 Coca-Cola spent around s25m on advertising and PepsiCo some s18m. By 1985 those figures had shot up to s7am and $57m, respectively. In 1995 Pepsi ‘utspent Coke by siizm to $82m. ‘6. This was a risky gambit for both cola rivals. ‘Butt paidoff in two ways. First ithelped Fizzy drinks win a greater “share of throat” a term decade paint ten yeats/tostaredown to confront bylockingat sb decty inthe eyesandtaking actin, S.masterstroke peat accoroshment/allaut complete tal/ marketingbltz tense markt ‘aban (ere attack) / global neratonal, wortwide “peverage ink /tocompete tobe in cortition wth ‘neanothe:tobervals low-grade ere, sal advertising vbtty /racecompetton/ figure ruber / tooutspent ospendmore money than. 6. gambit mance. tte /topay,pal paldffo Perec ores anacvariage share that mare shreofa ck prodieatoynecompany/ coined by Roberto Goizueta, a former bosfof Coca-Cola, who died in 2997). They went from 12.4% of American beverage consumption in 197010 22.49% in 1985. 12The second way that the cola wars benefit: ‘ed both companies was by turning ther into “the world’s best marketers” PepsiCo in par ticular has relinquished some of the soft drinks market, where itsshare has allen back down to a quarter. But its marketing magic continues to sparkle, even if itis deployed to sell less sugary alternatives such as bottled water, coffee and energy drinks to health- 8. In many industries a cosy duopoly retards, innovation and harms consumers. The happy ‘outcome ofthe cola wars has been the exact, ‘opposite. As Mr Kendall himself observed, “If there wasn'ta Coca-Cola, we would have had to invent one, and they would have had toin- vent Pepsi” @ tocoin:oinvent/consumptionactot rng sth “L.to benefit ode goat for tobebencicalto/ totum Into ansorminto/torelinguish cede! pft-drinkron alccholecenktosparkleto:hine/to ‘eploy touze/ health-conscious atveynistetedin cneshealth £8. cosy comfortable, endl ose /duopaly maret uation conte oly twosallers/eharmnto erase, tobecetimentato/outeomerestt, ‘face A261 #4 mojenB2C1/ #8 ¥ cle‘Lapersonnalitédela quinzaineala loupe Nanaia Mahuta Jacinda Arden was re-elected witha solid mandate as New Zealand’s leader recently. While assembling her new government, shenominated Nanaia Mahuta, a well known figurein the country's political landscape, as foreign minister. Mahutais the first MAori woman to occupy the post, anomination considered a significant political advance by many. Born in 1970, Nanala Mahuta isa famous figure New Zealand politics. ‘Shehhas been the Minister fr Maori Development and a Minister of Local Government since 2017, She is also a member of the Maorts royal family, anda relative ofits current monarch, King! Tuheita ‘Agureperson, personality /relative merberaf the family current present In November 2020, Jacinda Arcern ‘named Mahuta Foreign Minster - making her the ist Indigenous woman to occupy this postion in history. Her predecessor, Winston Peters, was also of Maori descent. Chosing Nahuta hasbeen called “hugely significant (on Maori television: “The fst face that people see at an international level is Someone wha speaks, looks and sounds like a Maori. The face of New Zealand 'sindigenous.” foreignminister minster of forign ‘afars/toname ochoose designate / Indigenous naive position co, function post descantancesty cen /hugely extremely / significant important Afterher re-election, Jacinda Ardem's Incoming parliament is set to be one of the most diverse pariiamentsin the ‘world: nearly half of the country’s lawmakers will be women (the world average s 25%), and 10% will be LGBTO. The Parlament “reflects tt New Zealand that elected them” said Ardern when announcing the news. Incoming)ere.new /tobesettotobe preicted to /eartyarmst/lawmaker legilato, member ofpariament /LBTOM ‘An umbrella termiich embraces matrix of ‘nlentatios, and habs of hetorosoualand- ‘renogamaus may The Maori aren'tiust one tribe. itisa culture. The name Mor" isused todefine the cendants of al the people who lvedin New ealandbefore the arival of the European settlers ((eferedtoas Pakehs" by Maori people). ‘tostand, stood, stood for omean sign / settler calenst/torefertoas cal alluceta, New Zealand was colonised by European settlersin the early 19th century, In 845, the New Zealand Wars broke out between several Maorliwi (tribes) and the government: a great number of Mdoris were kiled, and their lands ‘were robbed. Dutng the World Wars, Méo were forced toenralin the army, though they lived largely separated from the rest ofthe population ~ and in warse conditions. ‘arty atthe besnnrg of tobreak, broke, broken fut toert (sudden) / great here arge/tand terry /torbtosteal rom, todeprive/toenralto register /langely mosty. many Because of institutional racism, the Maoris still possessless assets than the est of the population: 50% of the Maori population lves in impoverished areas. They have higher unemployment rates and less qualifications. On average, they even have a lower life expectancy, and higher suicide rates. Aspart of her position as Minister for Maori development, Mahuta’ roles toset up measures to decrease these inequall make sure they are taken into consider the government asa whole sand ionby asset posessins property nancial worth / Impoverished poor depived/ unemployment rate percentage ofeaole without pai work life expectancy the average length of timeapessonmayexpecttolve /to Set, set, setup to stabsh pu Inplace todecrease tore totake, took, takeninto consideration take into account, oconsier/asawhole iitsentiety, In2016, Mahuta acquired a Mdor traditional chin tattoo called moko kavae, Shei the first femalein Parliament to wear one. The tattoo has @ symbolic ole in Maori culture: contains information about a person's ancestry and socal status. chin partofthe face drecty below the mouth ancestry incase, VOCABLE Dv25 novembre au décembre 2020" 25Culture Jeux vidéos | 3 B2-C1 KEITH STUART AMONG US: THE OF THE COVID ERA Among Us: one of the most popular video games of the year Youcanplay itontine with friends or strangers; Among Us could be themust-have entertainment for the second wave of confinement. Injusta few months, the popularity of this game has soared, tothe great surprise ofits developers. The ideais tobea passenger ona spacecraft and complete missions. But, be warned, thereare imposters'hiding among the passengers, whose aimis toannihilate the craft by any means. Can youidentify them? I here are 10 erew members trapped on a spacecraft, carrying out me- nial tasks to maintain vital systems, but at least one of them is an imposter who wants tosabotage their workand if possible, murder them. What sounds like the premise of a particularly bleak science-fiction movieisin fact the setup of one of the most popular video games of the year. 2. Developed by a three-person team at In nerSloth and launched to virtual obscurity \.crew somof varies /tobe trappedtot blokes andunabetoescape/ spacecraft (ine) vehicle fo: travelinginspace/tocamyeut ico menial task ‘manual wok premise cde store leak hopes somtre/ set-up ogaraton 2 tolauneh star (eingapedict). ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE ‘Synonymes de “very ‘a whopping lie (¢5) un énorme ahugeamount of money une ‘somme trés importante anenormous talent un talent formidable ‘gigantic step un pas gigantesque tremendous effort un énorme effort 26 VOCABLE Ds 2%roverbne ay bre 200 in 2018, Among Ushas suddenly become one of the biggest games on PC and mobile, a tracting more than 85m players in the last six months. It's so successful, InnerSloth recently abandoned plans to workon a sequel instead pling their resources into the orig- nal No one it seems, is more surprised about the success ofthis game than its creators. MURDERS, ACCUSATIONS AND LOTS OF FUN 3. So why has this happened? Among Us is essentially an online multiplayer version of the party game wink murder, but set on a constantly malfunctioning spaceship. Upto 10 players take part, and at the beginning, you told whether you're an innocent crew Inember oran imposter, While the formet carry out jobs such as rebooting the com: ducts, the latter stalk the corridors breaking vital equipmentor looking fr victims oil 4. When a crew member discovers a body, they call a meeting, at which point all the players are allowed to talk to each other for sequel low: secondpat/toplletoputalarge Srountotsth/toseemto arpear 3. wink murder ae where secret selctecpayeris eto ol thes by winking the ta winkto cacy ‘penard claseore ee) spaceship vessel usd tft to futersoace/uptoarmaxamumol whether hile a tesame ie as former the fist oF twotnes [etmentoned)toreboot terest airduct ventaton conduit atter the second (oF twothngs st Imentone)/ostalk to walk aroun, 4.tocallameetingioogansea meetig/toallow to ithe limited time. During these discussions, the crew needs totry to workout the identity of the imposters) by comparing alibis and re porting on which other players seem to have been acting suspiciously: what was Tim doing so close tothe scene ofthe crime, and why can't Emma recall what task she was apparently working on? '. Accusations fly, temporary alliances form and whopping lies are told. Sessions can often descend into anarchie shouting ‘matches, with players frantically justifying their movements around the ship. Then a vote takes place, one player is hurled from the spaceship's air lock, and the others discover if they've just saved themselves, to workout to detamine/toreportn denounce to reealliorerember 5.tofy few flown goof nall drectons/ whopping lercrmous huge lear’ todescendintoto bere 0 ‘rasformirta/ramtealy ental /shipssocecatt/to toto uh) lock care with two dooswhichpamtthepasageof peoplebetweentwo turcomentectaeent presse) ‘fale A281 #4 mojenB2C1/ #8 ¥ clean from certain death or murdered an inno: cent workmate 6.As the game continues, the paranoia ramps ‘up. Crew members can use security cameras 10 spy.on others, while imposters can useair ducts tosneak around. Although there are traditional video game objectives to fulfil - the crew mem bers can win the game if they complete all their allotted tasks before everyone is dead ~ this is essentially a game about acting; or, more ac ‘curately,it'sa game aboutlying to your friends (You can play against strangers but it’s not as fun and there are a LOT of cheats out there) 17. The beauty of the game is the way in which it allows players to exploit the personality traits of their peers, tapping in on the new- workmate clleasve Storampupi tery ras /tospy bse osneakaround ok around sect /t0 felts scomoish/ tocomplate tone allotted (ey / eat shoves person ‘Z.peertere end /totap inher pay with alt. popular video game Amang Brien Pari roses of anxious players to create plausible guilt scenarios, or flattering egotists so that they dont suspect you 8. In short, this is all the fun of a slightly drunken board game night, but virtual, which makes it perfect forthe semi-lock: down situation a lot of us are in right now. Brighter cuter video games such as Fortnite and Animal Crossing proved popular during the early weeks ofthe coronavirus crisis, but now, after months ofthis horror, and with patience fraying, wee ready for something more cynical and spiteful, something more akin tothe end ofa game night, where pay ersare seconds from dropkicking the Trivial Pursuit board into next door’s garden ult capa Bsn ome te Saud gae rend ikeNonopat or /ightnowa the alowed /eutesneetadoable/ {oproveto real ob to fay to bcomethin and worn here to bscometrtable/ spiteful vices an Slats te dropaekto ck @Q Amatiorezvotreprononciaton enécoutant tous esartilessuresupplément audio detecture "WE NEED DRAMA IN OUR SOCIAL LIVES" 9. Thereis, you may have spotted, something particularly 2020 about Among Us. Its empha sis on fabrication, on blame-shifting, and on reporting other people to the authorities is extremely on point. As writer Sean Sands points out in hisexcelent Vice article, "Among Us is rife with evercascading crises, and people trapped in a sense of isolation while they try to solve problems for which they are ‘woefully unequipped. Into this crumbling world the game introduces a dash of badaith actors whose purpose - as muchas open vio- lence ~ isto sow distrust and distraction.” 10. What Among Us understands, and why thas been such ahuge hit not justo play, butto watch on Twitch, where superstar streamers have contributed titssleeper success) isthat we need recrimination and drama in our social lives. 1.Frankly, when smiley Zoom chats start to grate, Among Us wil be there, ready to whisk youinto your own private version of The Thing, ‘where the chat isnt about wha's gotten into sourdough or knitting, ut whether ornot Kev ‘was the ne who sabotaged the oxygen supply and should therefore be etisoned tothe cold vacuum of space. In this age of widespread home working, Among Us simulates the only partof office life that most of us secretly mis: gossipandin fighting. Noamountof Microsoft Teams meetings can everreplicae that drama. 12. If2020 is patting a strain on your relation: ships, Among Us could be the ultimate test - or indeed, the final push. @ 9.tospotion: acto puting he lame on others on point xa here on ted, nthesitof the tes to point aut tobe ife with ate lt tosalve!o Sa to/ woeful ery /terumble to lapse ‘dashouch/bad-falth shonest/ purpose san, ectie/tosow, sowed, sowed orsown ic sermate/ alstustlackottistsconec 1. huge enormous very ig IR Sicess Tite ideo gamestteaming service’ streamer getson whoplays ¥ideogamestveonine/sleepersuecess unescected chat dscuson /togratetobecomeitatng/to hiskiouansportvey quit /toget,got,gotor otten (US) Intota start coe na Few act) sourdough graces! fermentation to Take bread knitting ethityoscsng tvolnge needles nd wooltomsle cathe: supply prvison flow! ‘therefore asa resi, consequnty/tjettison tocect/ ‘vacuum oi / widespread geeralzed/tomiss to reget the absence ot gossipchating about other beovle 12-to put, put, putastranontahaveadetinental efecto final push coup de ermphasi focus /blame-shiftng mr VOCABLED26rexonbreasSoeve 20Culture | Littérature | Ej_etats-unis ** B2-C1 ISOBEL LEWIS LITERATURE Classic literature inspired films for an adolescent audience ‘Teen movies get a bad press generally, but did you know that some, often considered cult viewing, areinspired by classic literature? Take a tour of a fewexamples with thelr unexpected sources of inspiration, which may make your viewing take onanew perspective. {stl romiconicteen movie ciueless, with ‘lca Siverstone and Paul Rudd SP A | ise aaa ere A iano tere links. Many of the period's most enduring Gh sie Things I Hate About You, took inspiration peli erie Elder high-school settings. Funny, romantic and 1.todefine het Sreetxoh hn Hughes ieesican movie sucessful isin he 860/Unk ennecton enduring drab asa 10 Things Hate ‘About You (VF) Obennes razon tolarguer works ‘muwes here novels/toattempt tory /hghrsehool ‘choolintheUStor hisrenaged 1 setting pce” time were theacton happen fim SSURLEBOUTDELALANGUE Films et romans pour les amateurs de romances et de comédies : ‘romcom ($2) > romantic comedy ‘sitcom > situational comedy ‘soap opera > a series (originally sponsored by soap manufacturers) chick it heroine-centered novel (chick (US) = young woman) 28 = VOCABLE D/25roverore a filled with teenage angst, they managed to walk the line between lighthearted trash and the kind of film an adolescent could convince an adult they were watching for revision. Here ae five classic teen movies based on works of classic literature, ranked 10 THINGS | HATE ABOUT YOU Gy93 ~ THE TAMING OF THE §j2. It couldn'tbe any thing elseat the top ofthislist, could it? 10 Things I Hate About You is often lauded as the ult mate teen romcom and its easy to see ‘wiry. Julia Stiles is AE stan Fa Kat, a moody teen dating who's se tobe led wither tofeatire naelesot/angst rgush ance) /tomanage abe abietn succeed /to \walkthe line between oraeatbetweon’ light eartadrot serous amusing /trash ee ily rot sels kadar /torank casi. pation. 2. The Taming ofthe Shrew (VF La Mégie apart tolaudi pats, her, o conser romeom = romant amedy titular shown namedetne le moody temoeental asc /todate ogo outwith tosee manta) duced by school slack Patrick (Heath Ledger) tohelp outa friend. The chemistry between Stiles and Ledger is strong, but with a sup: Porting cast including Gabrielle Union and Joseph Gordon Levitt, it’s hard not to fal in love with ths film. perfectly eaptures the dizzy rush of first love, with regular allu- sions to The Taming Of The Shrew as Gordon. Levitt captures his lovesickness with the ‘words:"Ibur, [pine,| perish." But it’s Ledg- er who really drives 10 Things I Hate About You. This is the Australian actor at his best: singing, dancing, smiling, and making audi- fences around the world fall in love with him. CLUELESS (1995) - EMMA 3. Clueless reimagines Jane Austen's Emma as though it was trans: posed to Beverly Hills. Alicia Silverstone plays Cher, a popular, spoiled sackrotinteestedn Sutin, esporse chemistry mutual atacion 7 supporting cast secondary oes tocapturehe 10 ress dlazyush ‘exuberant intense overwhelningwaveofematon (ary lst neacedrushsurge, wave) /ovesickness psn ‘love /tplnetolanguishyearfrsh deste without hopect sures audience vewers pubic spectators 3.asthoughasit/splledachld who obnoxious becausetheyalvaysget what they want ‘face 281/44 mojenB2C1/ #4 ¥ cleteen who takes new student Tai (the late Brittany Murphy) under her wing, giving her a makeover only to find herself later rejected. Aesthetically, Clueless is up there ‘with the greats, with outfits still being recre ated today and hilarious technology. But, like (Cher, there's more to this film than meets the eye and the sharp script and zingy one liners keep it feeling fresh today. EASY A (2010) - THE SCARLET LETTER gj 6 “Isnt it always the way, the books you read in class always seem to have some strong connection ‘with whatever ang sty drama’s going on,” Emma Stone's late ecsased /totake, ‘took, takensb under ‘ones winger protection here,care Soci supenisonandguidance/ makeovernew stl, ‘ewlook complete chargein appearance tabeup ‘herewith:cbeontnasarenahlevelas/oueReset cfcothes/ there smore thanmeetstheeyeithas ‘ore depth thanitweuld appear (ee its merethana Sipe teenage omariicoredy)/ sharpens ing sap clever and funy /enelier ine ot ‘aparee/freshrelevant moder, ‘Easy A (VF) Ease / The Searle Letter (VFL (etwefakte/ Olive Penderghast asks in Easy Ashe reads The Scarlet Letter, setting up a film that won't just take inspiration from classic literature, but parody the entire genre, A film about teens having sex-or rather, teens lying about having sex - Easy A reclaims ‘Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 morality tale as a feminist message about liberation and ‘owning yourself, while also paying homage to the teen movies of the Eighties. It’s the film that Stone was born to play and made hera star. CRUEL INTENTIONS (1999) - LES LIAISONS DANGEREUSES 5. Based on a 1782:nov- el, Cruel Intentions transposes the world cof French nobility to rich kids in New York Sarah Michelle Gellar and Ryan Philippe are step-siblings Kath- toset,set,setupto eaten prs rather actval/tolle ete. tpetend/torecaimsrentepet/tlestory Abownhure othe respostlty (ere fore actors) /topay, pad, paldhomage ota celetrate honou 5. Cruel intentions (VF Sotlntentons/ nobility astocacy /stepstbling hat-ssteranstrather @ reecrargertappiiVocabeotertednos abomnés! www.vocable.fi/applimobite rynand Sebastian, who engage in a game of manipulation to get vengeance on those who've wronged them. For Sebastian, his, challenge isto woo Annette (Reese Wither- spoon), their new headmaster’s daughter ‘who's sworn tobe celibate until marriage. If he seduces her, he'll beable to have the person he's always wanted: his not quite-sister. The power games played between the pair are enthralling to watch and despite featuring a seriously dramatic ending, there's just enough pent up angst in this film to make itirresistble VALLEY GIRL (1983) - ROMEO AND JULIET 6: As the original drama is about love obsessed, overly dramatic teens, it’s no surprise that Romeo and Juliet esque storylines have wormed their way into many a teen movie. In this 1983 classic, Debo: rah Richman is titular Valley girl Julie, who falls in love with a fartoo-old to-besin-high-school Nicolas Cage as Ran- dy. As a punk from the city, he's her bit o! rough, butthe “two households, both alike in dignity” keeping them apart aren't their families, but their friends. Things are kept light, with Romeo and Juliet’ tragic end: ing avoided, but with its sharp script and the great chemistry between the pair, it clearly paved the way for the teen movie it trend of the 19905. @ classic towrong trent unt /towootoseckce/ headmaster rincpalotaschos./tosweay, swore, swomtosclerly pose’ calbate vgn not quite hte al enthralling captvatngpassonato/to feature orice Pee, ae pont UB ees 6. valley at astionble and afivent teenage a fom theSantenandovaleynsouhernCalomna/ avery veinerest than merous bitof rough trots inaporoprate type of toy household autefrom the steeper Romea nd et twofamies soclrark./ lke eal ight ‘unchalengig.e35)/toavold he, torerain tom change/topave the way or oceate theoptinum conditions fr/ Ut terature trends VOCABLE 0:26 reventvea9okerve2020* 29Qi Retrower pluscintossun wwwmvocable.fr Iconic lego album 17 year old Kekoa Robot has found a new hobby to entertain himself during the pan- demic recreating his favourite album covers with legos. An avid music fan, the young ‘man has decided to represent both classic iconic music and modern hits. On this picture, you can see The Beatles’ Abbey Road (top left) and The White Alburn top right), ‘Michael Jackson's Thrillr (bottom lft), and The Weeknd’ After Hours (bottom right) leon etematic famous ta antartain oneself to hav fun havean act fcenicyment /eover outer pocktengofanatum’ avid der fever i successtasone here albu Shakespeare&Co needs you! Open since 919, hakespeare&Cots the most famous Englsh Language bookshop in Pris. nthe 1920's thestore was a gathering place formiany famous writers suchas James Joyce orEmest Hemingway. Today, the bookshop still hosts aspiring wters in exchange for them helping out around the store. Around 30,000 writes have leptin the bunk bed hidden between thebookshelves! On top of being a patron for youngartsts, Shakespeare8Co organises literary events and hasbeen visited by a lage number of famous writers. Like ‘many other small businesses, the coronavirus ed the bookshop tolose 80% of tssales. ts owner recenty called forhelp onsocial media, saying the bookshop was facing hard times” fyou'dlike to hele: buy some books! Head to wwnw shakespeareandcompany.com,pickyour next read and place yourorder. The bookshop has a hugeselec tion of titles, and deversall around the county. bookshoprett ott selingbocks/store tal cut gathering placerectingplace/tohost tonite torecive asprin ablo.s hopett/bunkbed evectbe bed bookshelf cet untueto song books /patron ‘Sorsar/ business commer stable tolead dled ere tresutn/toeall foro recuestaskfor/to eadtooento/toplktacheose/taplacean order order 0 to deve‘ ansoort (cod) facie. 30» VOCABLE D/26roverbve ay 96am 2020 Grimes’ A./ lullaby One ofthe most famous newborns this year fs X Axi; thechiidoftech maghul Elon Musk and singer-songuriter Grimes, both reputed for theireccentric viewsand lifestyles (asisreflected by their choice of name {orthetr firstborn). Grimes, wha told The New York Times that “in genera stuff for babies isjustceativelybad’, partnered with Endel an AI company, tocreate sequence of lullabies to help children — and theirparents~fall asleep. Anextract ofthe project, called AJ lullaby isalready avalableon YouTube ‘newborn bab hathasjustheenbo/ tech “eechnalogy /moghol nasrat/ lew oon, pont fvew, esthornstbaby naam /stuffinrgs/ lullaby songforpiting bablestoslee/tofall fell, fallenasteep oso oe. Returning stolen artefacts The Victoria&Albert, one of the most famous museumsin London, is curtentiyin touch with the Ethiopian embassy toreturn an Ethiopian gold crown and wedding dress tots original country, Bath artefacts were stolen during the colonial era. Ths initiative is part ofa greater movernent io investigate artefacts in Britain's museums: since the Black Lives Matter movernent, many museums have been told they were exhibiting artefacts which had been looted or stolen from various countries of the British Empire. Curators fom the VBA, the British Library andthe British Museum are cutrenty reviewing the provenance of more abjectsin order to return them ifrequired, ‘tosteal stole stolento‘c, toate legally artefact obectofhstrclorcutwrat intrest tebelntouch With bein contet with / wedding marine to Investigatetomaure to/ Black Uves Matter gansed reverent npotest topo bt ard ‘ualnustce/toexhibit to dspayputonshow/to loot topilage/curatorpersonnctageota museum” cenibiton/ brary lace wrerearcivsandtock faecsonsarestoratorevlew tu. examin,