Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free

Standing
Enabling smart grids and digital
substations
Content

 ABB – Global Technology Leader

 ABB HV Products Portfolio – Instrument Transformers
 ABB HV Products Portfolio – Current Transformers
 Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
 Enabling digital substations and smart grids
 Product overview
 Customer benefits
 Design details
 Ratings and technical details
 System architectures variants
 Applicable Standards
 Summary

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ABB
A global technology leader

 ABB is a global leader in power and automation

technologies that enable utility and industry customers to
improve performance while lowering environmental impact.
 The ABB Group of companies operate in around 100
countries.

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ABB PPHV product portfolio
Instrument transformers

 ABB has been producing instrument transformers for more than 70

years.
 The main tasks of instrument transformers are:
 To transform currents or voltages from a usually high value to a
value easy to handle for relays and instruments.
 To insulate the metering circuit from the primary high voltage
system.
 To provide possibilities of standardizing the instruments and
relays to a few rated currents and voltages.
 ABB offers:
 Current Transformers
 Voltage Transformers
 Combined Current/Voltage Transformers
 Station Service Voltage Transformers
 All instrument transformers supplied by ABB are tailormade to meet the
needs of our customers.

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ABB PPHV product portfolio
Current transformers

 Conventional current transformers use the principle of electro-

magnetic induction to generate a small secondary current, typically
1 A or 5 A at rated primary current, which then serves as an input
for protection relays or energy meters.
 ABB offers inductive current transformers for rated systems up to
800 kV, both:
 Oil insulated
 SF6 insulated
 ABB has also developed since 1990s optical current sensors,
based on the Faraday effect principle, whereby light is used to
deduce the precise magnitude of current that is creating the
magnetic field.
 The latest generation of fiber optic current sensors has been
adopted in the free-standing application, to cover the demand for
non-conventional current transformers having digital output and
suitable for current measurement applications in 245 kV to 800 kV
substations.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Enabling digital substations and smart grids

 ABB’s newly developed product family of Fiber Optics Current

Sensor- Free Standing (FOCS-FS) offers significant improvements
over conventional CTs and facilitates direct introduction of digital
process bus in HV substations.
 This new design exceeds magnetic CT technology in:
 safety of operation
 current measurement and frequency response
 footprint/weight savings
 environmental friendliness.
 The fast response of FOCS and precise measurement of both ac
and transient dc results in improved substation protection and
monitoring functions.
 The digital interface of FOCS-FS is designed for IEC 61850-9-2LE
communication for integration into digital substation automation
systems.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Product overview

 FOCS-FS is a free-standing 3-phase sensor system for 245 kV to

800 kV high voltage substations
 One system consists in:
 #3 HV columns, each one provided with one sensor head
(SH), which contains two fiber coils in order to enable
redundancy on the system level
 #1 outdoor kiosk equipped, for a redundant solution, with two
opto-electronic (OE) modules
 Any opto-electronic module performs the following tasks:
 sends polarized light to the sensor
 receives the reflecting polarized light from the sensor
 compares in close-loop control the phase displacement in the
polarized light in proportion to the magnetic field and the
primary current
 converts the result into an optical IEC 61850 Ethernet output.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Customer benefits 1/2

 Enabling smart grids and digital substations: Digital interface,

designed for IEC 61850-9-2LE communication for integration into
digital substation automation systems.
 “Plug & Play” solution: Fully redundant system with “hot
swappable” opto-electronics.
 Accurate: Meets key modern performance requirements for
accuracy, in a wide temperature range. The design is inherently
free of magnetic saturation, therefore suitable for capturing fast
transient currents, short circuit currents, and alternating current
(AC) with DC-offset.
 Reduced substation footprint: The compact design requires less
space compared to traditional instrument transformers.
 Eco-efficient: Using no oil or SF6 gas FOCS is an eco-efficient
solution.
 Reliable: Simple and robust design with self-diagnosis and alarm
functions; different levels of redundancy available on request.
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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Customer benefits 2/2

 Safe: As providing a low voltage digital output and filled with

nitrogen gas at ambient pressure, FOCS has zero risk of
electrocution and explosion.
 Compatible: Suitable for conventional Air Insulated Substation
layouts. The adopted IEC61850-9-2LE protocol allows
interoperability with other vendors’ equipment.
 Simplified engineering: Rated voltage and rated current are the
only parameters that need to be specified. As a result, projects
have simplified system engineering and are delivered faster.
Additionally, the impact of late changes in specifications is
negligible.
 Easy to install: FOCS is light-weight, compact and flexible with
reduced installation costs. Deployment of fiber cables in the
substation does not require splicing with dedicated fiber-optic
equipment. The outdoor placement of the opto-electronics
modules near the insulators reduces the length of sensor fiber
cables to a minimum.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Design details

 Head: The same aluminum casting design covers all voltage

ratings and all currents ratings. The design allows the installation
of a second optical sensor head, in order to have an extended
redundancy level for the system.
 Primary terminals: Interchangeable, as per customer
specifications and applicable Standards. Possibility to have
contactless application (no HV primary terminals). Contacts are
aluminum cased and present two passthrough holes that allow
periodical calibration (if requested) without necessity to disconnect
the main contacts.
 Insulator: The design is based on hollow insulator technology. The
whole product family utilizes the insulators of the same diameter.
 Basement: An aluminum casting basement is designed for the
whole family products (245-800 kV). Optical fibers are winded and
segregated in the basement during transport and erection.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Ratings and technical details 1/2
Parameters [unit] FOCS-FS 245 FOCS-FS 420 FOCS-FS 550 FOCS-FS 800

System Voltage
Rated frequency [Hz] 50 / 60
Highest voltage for equipment [kVr.m.s.] 245 420 550 800
Rated power-frequency withstand voltage [60 s] [kVr.m.s.] 460 630 680 975
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage [1,2/50 µs] [kVpeak] 1050 1425 1550 2100
Rated switching impulse withstand voltage [250/2500 µs] [kVpeak] N/A 1050 1175 1550
Current ratings
Rated primary current [A] 2000 ÷ 4000
Max continuous thermal current [A] 4800

Rated short circuit current (1 s / 3 s) [kA] 63 / 40

Rated dynamic current [kA] 164

Insulator
Material - Color N/A composite - grey
Min nominal specific creepage distance 31
mm/kV
(as per IEC61869-1 table 6) (Pollution level 4 - Very Heavy)
Min flashover distance mm 2040 3580 4390 6440
as per customer
Static withstand loads N Class II: 4000 Class II: 5000 Class II: 5000
specifications
Insulation fluid N/A N2
Filling absolute pressure MPa ≈ ambient pressure
Accuracy
IEC Class 5P, 5TPE
Protection accuracy N/A
IEEE 10%
Interfaces
Digital output (IEC 61850 9-2 LE)
Digital output N/A Optical ethernet cable: Duplex MM 62.5/125 with ST connector
Optical 1PPS cable: Duplex (or Simplex) MM 62.5/125 with ST connector

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Ratings and technical details 2/2
Parameters [unit] FOCS-FS 245 FOCS-FS 420 FOCS-FS 550 FOCS-FS 800

Options
Redundancy of electronics N/A Available on request
Merging unit for VT signals N/A Available on request
Redundancy of power supply N/A Available on request
Environmental conditions
Outdoor equipment operating temperature (shade) [°C] [-40; +45]
Relative humidity % 100
Altitude above sea level [m] ≤1000
Air pollution [IEC 60815] N/A Very Heavy
C3 ÷ C5
Corrosive environment [ISO 12944-2] N/A
(Medium ÷ Very high)
Solar radiation [W/m^2] ≤1000
Ice load mm 20
Seismic level g 0,5
Control cabinet degree of protection [IEC 60529] N/A IP 65
Dimensions and weights
HV Column height (one phase) [mm] 2716 4256 5066 7116
HV Column net weight (one phase) [kg] 172 240 276 363
HV Column shipping weight (three phases in one box) [kg] 766 1097 1268 1689
HV Column shipping dimensions (three phases in one box) [mm] 1200 x 3100 x 1200 1200 x 4600 x 1200 1200 x 5500 x 1200 1200 x 7500 x 1200
HV Column fixing points on pedestal N/A #4 holes ø22 at 480 x 480 mm
800 x 1000 x 300 (non redundant system)
Control Cabinet dimensions (width x height x depth) [mm]
1000 x 1200 x 300 (redundant system)
120 (non redundant opto-electronics with merging unit)
Control Cabinet net weight [kg]
150 (redundant opto-electronics with merging units)
1200 x 1400 x 650 (non redundant system)
Control Cabinet shipping dimensions [mm]
1000 x 1200 x 300 (redundant system)
165 (non redundant opto-electronics with merging unit)
Control Cabinet shipping weight [kg]
210 (redundant opto-electronics with merging units)

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
System architecture variants

 The level of redundancy that can be specified is given by the

number of opto-electronics units integrated in the system.
 Typically protection applications require a “single redundant”
configuration, which consists of two opto-electronic units operating
independently and in parallel.
 Other redundancy levels, for example “non redundant” (one opto-
electronic unit) and “double redundant” (four opto-electronic units)
are available.
 All solutions can be equipped on request with SAM600 standalone
merging units, which digitalize analog signals coming from voltage
transformers, synchronize those signals with the digital signal
coming from FOCS and consolidate both signals into a digital
output stream complying with IEC61850-9-2 LE protocol.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
System architecture variants 1/2

 The level of redundancy that can be specified is given by the

number of opto-electronics units integrated in the system.
 Typically protection applications require a “single redundant”
configuration, which consists of two opto-electronic units operating
independently and in parallel.
 Other redundancy levels, for example “non redundant” (one opto-
electronic unit) and “double redundant” (four opto-electronic units)
are available.
 All solutions can be equipped on request with SAM600 standalone
merging units, which digitalize analog signals coming from voltage
transformers, synchronize those signals with the digital signal
coming from FOCS and consolidate both signals into a digital
output stream complying with IEC61850-9-2 LE protocol.

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
System architecture variants 2/2

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Applicable standards

FOCS-FS current transformers are designed to comply with the following Standards:
Standard Date Description

IEC 60044-8 (2002-07) Electronic current transformers

IEC 61869-1 (2007-10) Instrument transformer – General requirements

IEC 61869-2 (2012-09) Instrument transformer – Additional requirements for current transformers

IEC 61462 (2007-02) Composite hollow insulators

IEC 61850-9-2 (2011-09) Communication networks and systems for power utility automation

IEEE C57.13 (1993) Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers

IEEE C57.13.6 (2005) Standard for High-Accuracy Instrument Transformers

FOCS-FS current transformers are manufactured in ABB’s state-of-the-art facility located in

Lodi (Italy). The facility is certified in accordance with the following Standards.
Standard Date Description

ISO 9001 (2008) Quality Management Systems

ISO 14001 (2004) Environment Management Systems

OSHAS 18001 (2007) Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems

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Fiber Optics Current Sensor – Free Standing
Summary

ABB’s newly developed family of FOCS provides high voltage

substations with improved protection and monitoring functions
which deliver accurate and reliable digital signal outputs

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