EE5210 – POWER CONVERTER DESIGN

ASSIGNMENT
Department of Electrical Engineering
Gajula Sunil (EE22RESCH11007)

PFC BOOST RECTIFIER

Objective:
Simulate the behaviour of PFC boost rectifier with following specifications

Specification Value
AC input voltage 85-112V
frequency 50Hz
DC Output voltage 200V
Load resistance 15Ω
Output voltage ripple ±2V
Hysteresis band ±5% of reference
 1.PFC Boost Rectifier
In order to improve the power factor and to eliminate the current harmonics most
of the present AC-DC converters in the uninterruptable power supplies, LED
drivers, EV chargers etc. use the PFC boost rectifier. The operation of PFC Boost
rectifier is the combination of the diode bridge rectifier and boost converter. The
circuit diagram of the PFC boost rectifier shown in figure (1).
L

R
C
Vs

Figure 1 PFC Boost Rectifier circuit diagram

Operation :
The operation of the PFC boost rectifier is shown in the figure(25). The output
of the bridge rectifier is given to the boost converter which is always positive
half sinusoidal wave. Switch in the boost converter controlled in order to get
desired output voltage and inductor current.
➢ During the positive half cycle:
L
L

C R R
Vs Vs C

Figure 2 switch off Figure 3 switch ON

During positive half cycle the flow of inductor and output currents during
switch on and off condition shown in figure(2)&(3) respectively.
 ➢ During the negative half cycle:
L
L

Vs R Vs C
C

Figure 4 switch off Figure 5

switch ON

During the negative half cycle rectifier output is positive as similar as positive
half cycle. So the operation of the boost converter is similar which is shown in
figure(3)&(4)

2.System modelling

PFC boost rectifier consist of linear elements R, L, C and switches which are
non linear elements. But during on and off condition of switch the circuit
becomes a linear circuit. The converter dynamics governed by the inductor
current and capacitor voltage. In order to analyse the complete system average
the system dynamic equations during turn on and off.
The linearized state space model of the boost converter is described by the
following equations

From the above state space model we can derive the transfer functions between
input control variable source voltage, duty cycle and output variable inductor
current ,capacitor voltage.
Voltage controller loop design:
The cascaded voltage and current loop of the PFC boost is shown in the
figure(5).
VO*( ref ) I gref VO
Ki Hysterises
+ Kp + × + Gi ( s ) GV ( s )
- s - control

VO Vs Ig
Vs max

Figure5.control structure of PFC boost

In design of voltage control, inner current controller assumed by unity gain

because mostly inner current loop is 10 times faster than the outer loop control.

V
From the above system transfer functions we can write
 VO*( ref )
Kp +
Ki Vs max  RL  Vo
+  
- s 2Vo  RLCs + 1 

Figure 6. Voltage control loop

Voltage control loop shown in figure (6) used to tune the PI controller values.
Characteristic equation of the above closed loop system is

Vm
The above equation can be compared with the second order equation
.

The above values shows the PI controller values and which directly proportional
to capacitor value. Here damping ratio is considered as 0.707 and bandwidth as
10Hz.
 5.system specifications and results
Single phase PFC boost rectifier with controller is shown in figure (7). In order
to track the current reference hysteresis control is used. Hysteresis control is a
nonlinear control. In this control switch is turned on when reference current
greater than the actual current and switch is turned off when reference current is
greater than the actual current.
Boost converter

AC Voltage Load
Source Ig C R

Vs
VO
Diode Bridge

VO*( ref ) I gref

Hysterises
+ PI × +
- control
-

VO
sin(t +  ) Ig
Vs
Vs max

Figure 7 single phase PFC boost rectifier

Table (2) shows the system parameters and PI controllers parameters based on
the equation()
Parameter

V
AC voltage Vs = 85 -115V(rms)
Frequency f = 50Hz
Inductance L = 1mH
Capacitance C = 23.32µF
KP = 0.744
KI = 6.59
6.Results
 7.References
1).MEJIA-RUIZ, Gabriel Eduardo; MUNOZ-GALEANO,
Nicolás and LOPEZ-LEZAMA, Jesús María. Modeling and development of a
bridgeless PFC Boost rectifier. Rev.fac.ing.univ. Antioquia [online]. 2017, n.82,
pp.9-21. ISSN 0120-6230. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n82a02.
2) A. Cleary-Balderas and A. Medina-Rios, "Single-Phase Active Power Factor
Correction using a Boost Converter," 2021 IEEE International Autumn Meeting
on Power, Electronics and Computing (ROPEC), 2021, pp. 1-4, doi:
10.1109/ROPEC53248.2021.9668062