READING COMPREHENSION 1

SKILL 1: MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS __________________________________

Almost every reading passage on TOEFL test will have a question about the main idea of a
passage. Such a question may be worded in a variety of ways; you may, for example, be asked
to identify the topic, subject, title, primary idea, or main idea. These questions are all really
asking what primary point the author is trying to get across in the passage. Since TOEFL
passages are generally written in a traditionally organized manner, it is not difficult to find the
main idea by studying the topic sentence, which is most probably found at the beginning of a
paragraph.
If a passage consists of only one paragraph, you should study the beginning of that
paragraph to determine the main idea.

Example I
The passage:
Basketball was invented in 1891 by a physical education
instructor in Springfield, Massachusetts, by the name of James
Naismith. Because of the terrible weather in winter, his physical
Line education students were indoors rather than outdoors. They
(5) really did not like the idea of boring, repetitive exercises and
preferred the excitement and challenge of a game. Naismith
figured out a team sport that could be played indoors on a
gymnasium floor, that involved a lot of running, that kept all
team members involved, and that did not allow the tackling and
(10) physical contact of American-style football.
The question:
What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) The life of James Naismith
(B) The history of sports
(C) Physical education and exercise
(D) The origin of basketball

The first sentence of this passage discusses the invention of basketball, so this is probably the
topic. A quick check of the rest of the sentences in the passage confirms that the topic is in fact
the beginnings of the sport of basketball. Now you should check each of the answers to
determine which one comes closest to the topic that you have determined. Answer (A) mentions
James Naismith but not basketball, so it is not the topic. Answer (B) is too general; it mentions
sports, but does not mention basketball. Answer (C) is also too general; it mentions physical
education, but does not mention basketball. The best answer is therefore answer (D); the origin
of basketball means that the invention of basketball is going to be discussed.
 READING COMPREHENSION 2

If a passage consists of more than one paragraph, you should study the beginning of each
paragraph to determine the main idea.

Example II
The passage:
Early maps of the North American continent showed a
massive river that began in the Rocky Mountains, flowed into
the Great Salt Lake, and from there continued westward into
Line the Pacific Ocean. This river, named the Buenaventura River, on
(5) some maps rivaled the great Mississippi River.
This mythical river of course does not exist. Perhaps an
early mapmaker hypothesized that such a river probably
existed; perhaps a smaller river was seen and its path from the
Rockies to the Pacific was assumed. As late as the middle of the
(10) nineteenth century, this river was still on maps and explorers
were still searching for it.
The question:
Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
(A) Early Maps of the North America
(B) A Non-Existent River on Maps
(C) A Comparison of the Buenaventura and the Mississippi
Rivers
(D) Rivers in Mythology

In a passage with more than one paragraph, you should be sure to read the first sentence of
each paragraph to determine the subject, title, or main idea. In this example, the first sentence
of the first paragraph indicates that the first paragraph is about a river on early maps of North
America. If you look at only the first paragraph, you might choose the incorrect answer (A).
The first sentence of the second paragraph indicates the river does not exist. Answer (C) is
incorrect because a comparison with the Mississippi River in only one small detail in the first
paragraph. Answer (D) is incorrect because this passage is not about mythology. The best
answer to this question is answer (B); the first paragraph says that the river is on maps, and the
second paragraph says that the river does not exist.
 READING COMPREHENSION 3

The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about main idea
questions.

MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS

HOW TO IDENTIFY What is the topic of the passage?
THE QUESTION
What is the subject of this passage?
What is the main idea of the passage?
main point in the passage?
With what is the author primarily concerned?
Which of the following would be the best title?
WHERE TO FIND The answer to this type of question can generally be determined
THE ANSWER by looking at the first sentence of each paragraph.
HOW TO ANSWER 1. Read the first line of each paragraph.
THE QUESTION
2. Look for a common theme or idea in the first lines.
3. Pass your eyes quickly over the rest of the passage to check
that you really have found the topic sentence(s).
4. Eliminate any definitely wrong answers and choose the best
answer from the remaining choices.

TOEFL EXERCISE 1: Study each of the passages, and choose the best answers to the
questions that follow. In this exercise, each paragraph is followed by two main ideas, topics, or
title questions so that you can practice this type of question. On the TOEFL test, one passage
would probably not have two such questions because they are so similar.
PASSAGE ONE (Questions 1-2)
Most of the ice on Earth, close to 90 percent of it, is covering the surface of the Antarctica
continent. It does not snow very much in Antarctica, but whenever it snows, it does fall
remains and grows deeper and deeper. In some areas of Antarctica, the ice has perhaps been
around for as much as a million years and now is more than two miles deep.

1. The main idea of the passage is that 2. The best title for the passage is
(A) the Earth is a cold planet (A) Snowfall in Antarctica
(B) most of the Earth's ice is found in (B) The Icy Earth
Antarctica (C) The Cold, Cold Snow
(C) it snows more in Antarctica than (D) The Causes of Antarctica's Ice
in any other place on Earth Pack
(D) Antarctica is only two miles wide
but is 90 percent ice
 READING COMPREHENSION 4

PASSAGE TWO (Questions 3-4)

The extremely hot and humid weather that occurs in the United States in July and

Sirius, which is known as the Dog Star. Sirius is the brightest visible star, and in the hot
Line summer months, it rises in the east at approximately the same time as the Sun. As
(5) ancient people saw this star rising with the Sun when the weather was at its hottest,
they believed that Sirius was the cause of the additional heat; they believed that this
bright star added its heat to the heat of the Sun, and these two together made summer
weather so unbearably hot.
3. The topic of the passage is 4. The main idea of this passage is that
(A) how dogs like to play during the (A) the name for the summer days
summer came from Sirius, the Dog Star
(B) the causes of hot and humid (B) dogs generally prefer hot summer
weather days
(C) why the hot summer days are (C) the hottest days occur in the
known as the dog days summer because of the
(D) the days that dogs prefer movements of the Sun and
stars
(D) Sirius rises at almost the same
time as the Sun during the
summer months

PASSAGE THREE (Questions 5-6)

styles of art. One way that this term has been used is to describe the early period within
the development of a certain style of art. Another way that this term has been used is to
Line describe artists who have received little professional training and who demonstrate a
(5) non-traditional naiveté in their work.
A wonderful example of this second type of primitive artist is Grandma Moses, who
spent all her life living on a farm and working at tasks normally associated with farm
life. She did not begin painting until she reached the age of seventy-six, when she
switched to painting from embroidery because the arthritis in her hands made
(10) embroidery too difficult. Totally without formal education in art, she began creating
panoramic images of everyday life on the farm that have achieved international fame.

5. The subject of this passage is 6. Which of the following best expresses

(A) An example of one of the types of
primitive art
(B) Grandma Moses's life on the farm
(C) How primitive art differs from
formal art
(D) Grandma Moses's primitive
lifestyle
the main idea of the passage?
(A) Grandma Moses spent her life on
a farm.
(B) Art critics cannot come to any
agreement on a definition of
primitive art.
(C) Grandma Moses is one type of
primitive artist because of her
lack of formal training.
(D) Many artists receive little
professional training
 READING COMPREHENSION 5

PASSAGE FOUR (Questions 7-8)

In the first half of the nineteenth century, a New York newspaper, the New York Sun,
successfully carried out a hoax on the American public. Because of this trick, readership
of the paper rose substantially.
Line On August 25, 1835, the Sun published reports that some wonderful new discoveries
(5) had been made on the moon. The article described strange, never-before-seen animals
and temples covered in shining jewels. Many members of the American public were
fooled by the story, even some prominent members of the scientific community.
The effect of the false story on sales of the paper was dramatic. Paper sales
increased considerably as people eagerly searched out details of the new discoveries.
(10) Later, the newspaper company announced that it had not been trying to trick the public;
instead, the company explained the moon stories as a type of literary satire.

7. Which of the following best states the
topic of the passage?
(A) A nineteenth-century discovery
on the moon
(B) The New York Sun
(C) A hoax and its effect
(D) The success of a newspaper
8. The main point of the passage is that
(A) the New York Sun was one of the
earliest American newspapers
(B) the Sun increased sales when it
tricked the public with a false
story
(C) a newspaper achieved success by
writing about the moon
(D) in 1835, some amazing new
discoveries were made about
the moon

SKILL 2: STATED DETAIL QUESTIONS ___________________________

A stated detail question asks about one piece of information in the passage rather than the
passage as a whole. The answers to these questions are generally given in order in the passage,
and the correct answer is often a restatement of what is given in the passage. This means that
the correct answer is often expresses the same idea as what is written in the passage, but the
words are not exactly the same.
 READING COMPREHENSION 6

Example II
The passage:
Flutes have been around for quite some time, in all
sorts of shapes and sizes and made from a variety of
materials. The oldest known flutes are about 20,000 years
Line old; they were made from hollowed-out bones with holes
(5) cut in them. In addition to bone, older flutes were often
constructed from bamboo of hollowed-out wood.

addition to the holes they have a complicated system of

keys, levers, and pads. The instrument belonging to well-
(10) known flautist James Galway is not just made of any
metal; it is made of gold.
The questions:
1. According to the passage, the oldest flutes
(A) had holes cut in them
(B) were made of metal
(C) were made 200,000 years ago
(D) had a complicated set of levers and pads
2. The passage indicates that Ja is made of
(A) bones
(B) bamboo
(C) wood
(D) gold

The answers to the questions are generally found in order in the passage, so you should look
for the answer to the first question near the beginning of the passage. Since the first question
asks about the oldest flutes, you should see that this question is answered in the second
sentence. The passage states that the oldest flutes were bones with holes cut in them, so the best
answer is
flutes, so they are incorrect. Answer (C) is an incorrect number; the oldest flutes are 20,000
years old, not 200,000 years old.
The answer to the second question will probably be located in the passage after the answer
to the first question. Since the second question is about flute, you should skim
through the passage to find the part of the passage that discusses this topic. The answer to this
question is found in the statement that the instrument belonging to well-known flautist James
Galway is not just made of any metal; it is made of gold. The best answer to this question is
therefore answer (D).
 READING COMPREHENSION 7

The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about stated detail
questions.

STATED DETAIL QUESTIONS

HOW TO IDENTIFY According to the passage, . . .
THE QUESTION
It is statedin the passage that . . .
The passage indicates that . . .
The author mentions that . . .
Which of the following is true . . . ?
WHERE TO FIND
THE ANSWER The answers to these questions are found in order in the passage.
HOW TO ANSWER 1. Choose a key word in the question.
THE QUESTION
2. Skim the appropriate part of the passage for the key word
(or related idea)
3. Read the sentence that contains the key word or idea
carefully.
4. Look for the answer that restates an idea in the passage.
5. Eliminate the definitely wrong answers and choose the best
answer from the remaining choices.

TOEFL EXERCISE 2: Study each of the passages, and choose the best answers to the
questions that follow.
PASSAGE ONE (Questions 1-2)
Many parts of the Southwestern United States would become deserts again without
the waters of the Colorado River. A system of thousands of miles of canals, hundreds of
miles of tunnel and aqueducts, and numerous dams and reservoirs brings Colorado
Line River water to the area. The Imperial Valley in Southern California is an example of
(5) such a place; it is a vast and productive agricultural area that was once a desert. Today,
2,000 miles of canals irrigate the fertile land and keep in productive.

1. Which of the following is mentioned 2. According to the passage, the

in the passage as a way that Colorado Imperial Valley
River water gets to the Southwest? (A) is a desert today
(A) By truck (B) is located in Colorado
(B) In bottles (C) produces a lot of agricultural
(C) In wells goods
(D) Through canals (D) does not require irrigation
 READING COMPREHENSION 8

PASSAGE TWO (Questions 3-5)

The ancestors of humans had a lot more hair than the humans of today; in fact, they
had thick hair all over their bodies. This thick hair was necessary for protection against
the cold of the Ice Ages.

Line As the Earth got warmer, the hair began to thin out, except for on the head. The
(5) head hair has remained through the evolutionary process, both as a sort of pillow to
cushion the sensitive head when it gets banged around and as a sort of hat to keep the
head warm and prevent so much heat from escaping through the scalp.

3. Which of the following is true about 5. The author indicates that one of the
the hair of the ancestors of humans? purposes of hair on the head is to
(A) There was not much of it. (A) fill up pillows
(B) It covered their entire bodies. (B) help heat escape through the
(C) It was thin. scalp
(D) It was not useful. (C) ensure that the head is warm
(D) make it easier to think
4. According to the passage, what
happened as the temperature on the
Earth increased?
(A) The hair on the head began to
thin out.
(B) The hair on the body remained
the same.
(C) The hair on the body got thicker.
(D) The hair on the body began to
thin out.
 READING COMPREHENSION 9

PASSAGE THREE (Questions 6-10)

The plane with the largest wingspan ever built was nicknamed the Spruce Goose.
The wingspan of the Spruce Goose was 320 feet (almost 100 meters), and the plane
weighed 200 tons. It was so big that it needed eight engines to power it.

Line The plane was designed by Howard Hughes in response to a U.S. government
(5) request for a plane that was able to carry a large cargo for the war effort. It was made of
wood because wood is a less critical material in wartime than metal.
The plane was so difficult to build that it never really got used. It was flown one
time only, by Hughes himself, on November 2, 1947; during that flight, it traveled a
distance of less than one mile over the Los Angeles Harbor, but it did fly. Today, the
(10) Spruce Goose is on exhibit for the public to see in Long Beach, California.

6. Which of the following is true about 9. According to the passage, when the
the Spruce Goose? Spruce Goose flew,
(A) Each of its wings measures 100 (A) it went only for a short distance
meters. (B) it fell into the Los Angeles
(B) It weighs 200 pounds. Harbor
(C) It has eight wings to help it to fly. (C) it flew 100 miles
(D) It has a wingspan larger than the (D) it carried a large cargo
wingspan of any other plane
10. The passage indicates that the Spruce
7. The passage indicates that the plane Goose today
was designed (A) flies regularly for the U.S.
(A) as a cargo plane government
(B) as a racing plane (B) is in the Los Angeles Harbor
(C) to carry wood (C) is in storage
(D) for exhibition (D) can be seen by the public

8. According to the passage, the Spruce

Goose is constructed from
(A) wood
(B) lightweight metal
(C) plastic
(D) steel
 READING COMPREHENSION 10

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-2): Study each of the passages, and choose the
best answers to the questions that follow.
PASSAGE ONE (Questions 1-3)
The center part of a hurricane is called the eye of the storm. In the eye of a
hurricane, winds are calm and no rain falls. There can even be blue sky and sunshine in
the eye of the storm.
Line This dry and calm spot is caused as the air spins around the center of the hurricane,
(5) the spinning air rises and pulls moisture with it. What remains in the center is dry,
clean air.

1. The topic of the passage is 3. According to the passage, what causes

(A) the destruction of hurricanes the calm spot?
(B) the harsh weather during a (A) The air circling around the center
hurricane (B) The blue sky and sunshine
(C) the calm in the center of a (C) The high temperatures
hurricane (D) The heavy rainfall
(D) the beautiful weather that follows
a hurricane

2. The passage indicates that in the eye

of a hurricane
(A) it is windy
(B) there is a lot of rain
(C) there is cloudy, gray sky
(D) it can be sunny
 READING COMPREHENSION 11

PASSAGE TWO (Questions 4-8)

The invention of the photograph happened quite by accident. Thomas Edison
moved to Menlo Park, New Jersey , in 1876, where he established an industrial research
laboratory. There, Edison was working on a carbon telephone transmitter to improve
the existing Bell telephone system.
Line
(5) In that laboratory a year later, Edison invented the phonograph while he was trying
to improve a telegraph repeater. He attached a telephone diaphragm to the needle in the
telegraph repeater; in this way, he was able to reproduce a recording that could be
played back. After he made some improvements to this machine, he tested it. He recited
chine and played his voice back to a very
(10) surprised audience.

4. What is the best title for the passage?
(A) Thomas Edison's Many
Inventions
(B) Improvements in the Telephone
and Telegraph
(C) The History of Menlo Park
(D) An Accidental Invention
5. According to the passage, the
invention of the phonograph
(A) was quite unplanned
(B) was Edison's principal project
(C) was surprising to no one
(D) took many years
6. In what year did the invention of the
phonograph occur?
(A) 1876
(B) 1877
(C) 1878
(D) The article does not say.
7. According to the passage, how was
the phonograph made?
(A) With a telephone needle and a
recorder
(B) From a recording of a telegraph
(C) With only a telegraph repeater
(D) From a combination of telephone
and telegraph parts
8. According to the passage, how did
Edison test his new invention?
(A) He made improvements to the
machine.
(B) He used a carbon transmitter.
(C) He read a children's rhyme.
(D) He reproduced the audience's
voice.
 READING COMPREHENSION 12

PASSAGE THREE (Questions 9-14)

The Sears and Roebuck catalogue was a fixture in American society for many
decades. Practically anything needed in the American home could be ordered through
this comprehensive catalogue and delivered by mail. The catalogue made it easier for
Line homeowners in urban areas to track down items they were trying to find; the catalogue
(5) was an absolute necessity for residents in out-of-the-way areas where many types of
home supplies were not available for hundreds of miles.
In the early twentieth century, it was not possible to buy just home supplies from the
Sears and Roebuck catalogue. It was actually possible to buy a mail-order house. If you
ordered a house through the mail, you would receive all the necessary building
(10) materials as well as plans for constructing the house; all of this could be had for prices
starting around $600.

9. This passage is mainly discusses 12. The passage mentions that which of
(A) products sold in the Sears and the following large items could be
Roebuck stores purchased through the Sears and
(B) the design of the Sears and Roebuck catalogue?
Roebuck catalogue (A) A home
(C) how to shop using catalogues (B) A car
(D) shopping through the Sears and (C) A boat
Roebuck catalogue in the past (D) A train

10. The passage indicates that items 13. The mail-order house in the Sears
ordered through the Sears and and Roebuck catalogue
Roebuck catalogue (A) was for urban areas only
(A) had to be picked up at a Sears (B) was set up by Sears and Roebuck
and Roebuck store workers
(B) were delivered by mail (C) needed to be put together
(C) arrived in Sears and Roebuck (D) arrived in one piece
trucks
(D) had to be small 14. The price of $600 mentioned in the
passage was
11. According to the passage, why was (A) the lowest price for the item
the Sears and Roebuck catalogue (B) the average price for the item
important to people in remote areas? (C) the only price for the item
(A) It contained the only products (D) the highest price for the item
they could afford
(B) They did not like the products in
local stores
(C) It had a lot of products they
could not get in their local
areas.
(D) It was the only way to get a new
home.
 READING COMPREHENSION 13

SKILL 3: UNSTATED DETAIL QUESTIONS _______________________

You will sometimes be asked in the Reading Comprehension section of the TOEFL test to find
an answer that is not stated or not mentioned or not true in the passage. This type of question
really means that three of the answers are stated, mentioned, or true in the passage, while one
answer is not. Your actual job is to find the three correct answers and then choose the letter of
the one remaining answer.
You should note that there are two kind of answers to this type of question: (1) there are
three true answers and one answer that is not discussed in the passage, or (2) there are three
true answers and one that is false according to the passage.

Example
The passage:
The Florida Keys are a beautiful chain of almost 1,000 coral
and limestone islands. These islands form an arc that heads first
southwest and then west from the mainland. U.S. Highway 1,
called the Overseas Highway, connects the main islands in the
chain. On this highway, it is necessary to cross 42 bridges over
the ocean to cover the 159 miles from Miami, on the mainland,
to Key West, the farthest island on the highway and the
southernmost city in the United States.
The questions:
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Florida
Keys?
(A) The Florida Keys are a chain of islands.
(B) The Florida Keys contain coral and limestone.
(C) The Florida Keys are in the shape of an arc.
(D) The Florida Keys are not all inhabited.
2. Which of the following is NOT true about U.S. Highway 1?
(A) It is also known as the Overseas Highway.
(B) It joins all of the islands in the Florida Keys.
(C) It has more than 40 bridges.
(D) It connects Miami and Key West.

The first question asks for the one answer that is not mentioned about the Florida Keys. The
passage states that the Florida Keys are a chain (answer A) with coral and limestone (answer
B) in the shape of an arc (answer C), so these answers are not correct. The best answer is
therefore answer (D). The passage does not discuss whether or not the keys are all inhabited.
The second question asks for the answer that is not true about U.S. Highway 1. The passage
states that it is called the Overseas Highway (answer A), that it has 42 bridges (answer C), and
that it cover(s) the 159 miles from Miami . . . to Key West (answer D), so these answers are not
 READING COMPREHENSION 14

correct. The best answer is answer (B). The passage states that the Overseas Highway connects
the main islands in the chain, so it does not connect all of the islands.
The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about unstated
detail questions.

UNSTATED DETAIL QUESTIONS

HOW TO IDENTIFY
Which of the following is not stated . . . ?
THE QUESTION
Which of the following is not mentioned . . . ?
Which of the following is not discussed . . . ?
All of the following are true except . . .
WHERE TO FIND
THE ANSWER The answers to these questions are found in order in the passage.
HOW TO ANSWER 1. Choose a key word in the question.
THE QUESTION 2. Scan the appropriate place in the passage for the key word
(or related idea)
3. Read the sentence that contains the key word or idea
carefully.
4. Look for the answer that are definitely true according to the
passage. Eliminate those answers.
5. Choose the answer that is not true or not discussed in the
passage.
 READING COMPREHENSION 15

TOEFL EXERCISE 3: Study each of the passages, and choose the best answers to the
questions that follow.
PASSAGE ONE (Questions 1-2)
Blood pressure measurement has two components: systolic and diastolic. Systolic
pressure is taken when the heart is contracting to pump blood; diastolic pressure is
taken when the heart is resting between beats. In the usual blood pressure reading, the
systolic measurement is given first and is the higher of the two.
Line
(5) Normal blood pressure is a systolic measurement of 120-140, and when the systolic
pressure is 160 or higher, the hypertension exists. Systolic pressure between 140 and
160 indicates borderline hypertension.

1. Which of the following is NOT true
about systolic blood pressure?
(A) It is taken during the contraction
of the heart
(B) It is usually given first in a blood
pressure reading.
(C) A normal systolic measurement
is 120-140.
(D) Hypertension exists when the
systolic pressure is below 140.
2. Which of the following is NOT stated
about diastolic pressure?
(A) It is one of the two components
of blood pressure measurement.
(B) it is taken when the heart is
resting.
(C) It is lower than systolic pressure.
(D) A diastolic measurement of 140
is normal

PASSAGE TWO (Questions 3-4)

In the 1960s, as space travel was becoming a subject of much discussion, Pan
American Airlines began receiving some fairly unusual requests for flight information.
People began making requests to be on the first flight that Pan Am made to the Moon.

Line On a whim, Pan Am started a waiting list for the first flight to the Moon. Similar
(5) requests have come to Pan Am over the years, and Pan Am has responded by adding the
names of the requesters to the list.
Unfortunately for Pan Am, the original company is no longer in business, and it
never got to the Moon. However, when it went out of business, it had a waiting list of
more than 90,000 names for its first lunar flight

3. All of the following are mentioned
about Pan American Airlines,
EXCEPT that
(A) it started business in the 1960s
(B) it received requests for its first
flight to the Moon
(C) it kept some people on a long
waiting list
(D) it went out of business
4. Which of the following is NOT true
about Pan Am's Moon flights?
(A) People asked Pan Am about its
flight to the Moon
(B) Pan Am kept a waiting list for its
Moon flights.
(C) Pan Am never really made any
Moon flights.
(D) Pan Am's waiting list had only a
few names on it.
 READING COMPREHENSION 16

PASSAGE THREE (Questions 5-8)

The tunnel trees in Yosemite Valley are an amazing attraction to people who visit
there. The tunnel trees are huge trees, giant redwoods, which have had tunnels carved
in them, and cars can actually drive through some of the trees. The fact that the trees
Line are large enough to have cars drive through them should give you some indication of
(5) just how big the trees are.
There are currently two existing tunnel trees in Yosemite Valley. One of them is
st the stump, or bottom part, of a much larger tree.
The hole was cut through the base of the tree in 1878, and stagecoaches used to drive
through it. Today the Dead Giant still exists, but the stagecoaches do not. Passenger cars
(10) can and do drive through the 10-foot-wide opening in the tree stump.
The other existing tunnel tree is the 230-foot high California Tree, which had a hole
carved through it in 1895. This tree is no longer open to the public, so it is not possible
to take a car through it.
Unfortunately, a third tunnel tree no longer exists. The Wawona Tunnel Tree was a
(15) 2,100-year-old tree which was carved in 1881. A terrible snowstorm in 1969 caused this
ancient giant of a tree to fall.

5. Which of the following is NOT true
about the tunnel trees in Yosemite
Valley?
(A) They are trees with holes cut in
them.
(B) They are giant redwoods.
(C) Three tunnel trees currently exist.
(D) Cars have driven through some
of them.
6. All of the following are stated about
the Dead Giant, EXCEPT that
(A) it is still a tunnel tree today
(B) it is just the stump of a tree
(C) it was cut less than a century ago
(D) it has a 10-foot opening
7. Which of the following is NOT true
about the California Tree?
(A) Its tunnel still exists.
(B) Its tunnel is 230 feet high.
(C) Its tunnel was cut in 1895.
(D) Cars are not allowed to go
through it.
8. All of the following are true about the
Wawona Tunnel Tree, EXCEPT that
(A) it does not exist anymore
(B) the tree lived for more than 2,000
years
(C) the tunnel tree was destroyed in a
snowstorm
(D) the tunnel was destroyed in 1881