Frequency stabilized reactance FM transmitter

 Reactance modulators are used for generation of frequency modulation (FM)

 These reactance modulators do not have a very good frequency stability. But
if it is to be used for broadcast applications, than it is must have a high
frequency stability. It can be achieved through frequency stabilized reactance
modulator.

Operation:

 The reactance modulator gets the modulating signal as input. It operates on

the tank circuit of an LC master oscillator.
 The output of this oscillator is FM signal. It is passed through a buffer and
amplitude limiter before it is applied to the Class C power amplifier.
 A fraction of FM output is taken from the limiter and fed to the mixer. The
mixer also receives signal from a crystal oscillator.
 The difference frequency ( fsfs - fofo ) at the output of the mixer is selected.
 It is usually one twentieth of the master oscillator frequency. This signal is
amplified using the IF amplifier.
 The amplified voltage is applied to phase discriminator. The o/p of phase
discriminator is a dc voltage connected to the reactance modulaor for
correcting any drift in the average frequency of the LC master oscillator.
FM Transmitter Block Diagram
Here you can see a simple block diagram of FM Transmitter.

FM Transmitter Working Principle

The main function of an FM Transmitter Circuit is to transmit the sound using radio
waves. So, at first, an FM Transmitter Circuit converts the sound or audio into radio
wave then it transmit.

You can see, in the block diagram of the FM Transmitter, the first block is the
Microphone. The microphone is a Transducer which can convert the sound energy into
an audio signal in the form of electrical energy. So microphone is a source of an audio
signal. In this block diagram, the microphone is used as the source of the audio signal
but it may be another audio source also.

The next block is Audio Pre-amplifier. The audio pre-amplifier is used to amplify the
audio signal coming from the microphone.

The next one is the Modulator. The modulator circuit is the main part of an FM
transmitter circuit. It converts the audio signal into a radio signal which is to be
transmitted. The modulator circuit takes two signal as input one is the audio signal
coming from the audio pre-amplifier and another is carrier signal.

The carrier signal is a pure radio wave that is produced by the oscillator circuit.
The modulator circuit modulates the RF signal according to the audio signal and
produces the modulated RF signal as the output.

The next stage is radio signal amplification. The RF amplifier circuit amplifies the
modulated RF signal coming from the modulator. The modulated radio signal coming
from the modulator circuit has a very low amplitude so it can not be transmitted for a
long distance. So, RF amplifier is used to amplify the radio signal which can be easily
transmitted for a long distance. Then the amplified radio signal is fed to the antenna for
the transmission of signal.