Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture - 1 - 12-9-2019
Lecture - 1 - 12-9-2019
Automation Industry
Input Output
Output Digital
Displ Signal Logic circuits
Control
PLC
LED,ay
LCD,CRT
Condition
A/D,D/D PWM Microcontroller
Amplifiers
ing
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Proximity Sensors
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Target
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
Transmitter Receiver
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector
(prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector
(prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector
(prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Reflector (prismatic)
Sensing distance : 1/2 to 1/3 of through-beam type
Not suitable for reflective or transparent targets
Target should be larger than the reflector
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Optical Sensors
(Diffuse)
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
T
Transmitter /Receiver R
Sensing distance: much less than reflex type, actual distance depends on colour and reflective nature of the surface
Larger targets result in longer sensing distances
Not suitable for dirty environments
Active surface
LED indicator
Connection cable
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Target
Sensor
Oscillation
Amplitude
Sensor ON
output
signal OFF
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Will detect any conductive material
Quoted distances are for mild steel
Sensor performance can be affected by:
• Temperature
• Target material
• Target dimensions
Active electrode
Earth electrode
LED indicator
Adjusting screw
Connection cable
Detects any material denser than air (as long as there is enough of
it)
Can be adjusted for sensitivity
Can be affected by dusty environments
Capacitive
+ 18 to 30 Volts DC.
Optical
Output Magnetic
Ultrasonic
Normally open
0V
Normally closed
+ 18 to 30 Volts DC.
Output
0V
Output
0V
0v
Output
0V
0v
Pneumatics
Compressor
Motor
Pressure
Switch
Tank
Check Valve
Drain
Drain
Drain
Conditioning Unit
Directional Valve
Compressor (Reciprocating) V3
Storage Tank
3
1 Air supply and first stage filter 4
2 Compressed air
3 Second stage filter
4 Compressed tank and water drain
5 Refrigerate air
Cylinder
Single Acting Cylinder
Piston
A cylinder in which air pressure is
applied to the movable element
(piston) in only one direction
Ram Cylinder
A cylinder in which the movable
element is the piston rod
Machine Vice
Power Chuck
Once the load and required force characteristics are determined the working
pressure should be assumed
The cylinder size is calculated
Air Filter
Air Lubricator
Pressure Regulator
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
V10&V11
Pneumatically Activated
Dr. Hisham El-Sherif
MCTR704 – Mechatronics Lab
Pneumatically Activated
Each function of the valve (the position of the valve) shall be represented by a
square.
If there are two or more functions, the squares should be arranged horizontally
Point 1 When the manual switch is not operated, the spring will restore the valve to its
original position. (figure shows Cylinder in its retracting position)
Point 2 From the position of the spring, one can deduce that the block is operating. The
other block will not operate until the switch is pushed.
Point 3 Air pressure exists along this line because it is connected to the source of
compressed air.
Point 4 As this cylinder cavity and piston rod are under the influence of pressure, the piston
rod is in its restored position.
Point 5 The rear cylinder cavity and this line are connected to the exhaust, where air is
released.
Flow Amplification.
Signal Inversion.
Memory.
Delay.
Single Acting Cylinder Control.
Double Acting Cylinder Control.
1- Direct Control
The only difference between a single acting cylinder and a double acting cylinder
is that a double acting cylinder uses a 5/2 directional control valve instead of a 3/2
directional control valve. Usually, when a double acting cylinder is not operated,
outlet ‘B’ and inlet ‘P’ will be connected. In this circuit, whenever the operation
button is pushed manually, the double acting cylinder will move back and forth
once.
The figure shows a fluid grounded tank where the fluid level is controlled by the pump
(220VAC) operation.
The tank higher and lower levels is monitored by two sensors S1 & S2
The fluid is supplied from the inlet tube.
To maintain the tank level the pump will start automatically as soon as the fluid
reaches the upper higher level, this is monitored by S1.
The pump will starts operation and continue till the fluid reaches the lower level which
is monitored by sensor S2, the pump will automatically stop.