Experimental Report 2

MEASUREMENT OF MAGNETIC FIELD INSIDE SOLENOID WITH

FINITE LENGTH

Student name: Đinh Trọng Mạnh

Student ID: 20203848
Class: 723664
Group: 04

I - Experimental result
1) Investigation of the magnetic field at the position along the axis of solenoid
– B(x)
Table 1
I=0.2(A)
x (cm) B(mT) x(cm) B(mT) x(cm) B(mT)
0 0.50 11 0.98 21 0.97
1 0.75 12 0.98 22 0.97
2 0.87 13 0.98 23 0.96
3 0.91 14 0.98 24 0.96
4 0.93 15 0.98 25 0.95
5 0.95 16 0.98 26 0.93
6 0.96 17 0.98 27 0.91
7 0.96 18 0.98 28 0.87
8 0.97 19 0.98 29 0.75
9 0.98 20 0.97 30 0.51
10 0.98

2) Measurement of the relationship between the magnetic field and the

current through the solenoid – B(I)
Table 2
x=15(cm)
U(V) I(A) B(mT)
3 0.2 0.98
6 0.4 1.86
 9 0.6 2.82
12 0.8 3.72

3) Comparison of experimental and theoretical magnetic field

Table 3
I=0.4(A)
x (cm) B(mT)
0 0.97
15 1.88
30 0.98

II – Data Processing
1. Relationship between the magnetic field and the position of the probe inside
the solenoid

Relationship between B-x

1.20
1.10
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
B (mT)

0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

x (cm)

Error bar: horizontal: 2Δx=0.2 (cm), vertical 2ΔB=0.02 (mT)

Comment:
 The graph show that the magnetic field inside a solenoid depends on the positio
n of the probe inside. The magnitude of the magnetic field increase from x=0 to
 x=0, and then stable until x=19, then decrease with exact the same pace as it in
crease. The graph is symmetric around the point x=15 (cm).
2. Relationship between the magnetic field and the applied voltage

Relationship between B-I

4

3.5

2.5
B (mT)

1.5

0.5

0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
I (A)

Error bar: horizontal: 2Δx=0.2 (cm), vertical 2ΔB=0.02 (mT)

Comment:
 The graph shows that the magnitude of the magnetic field and the voltage
have a linear relationship. But in this case, the resistance is unchanged, so the
current also has linear relationship with the voltage. So, we can see that
relationship between the magnetic field and the applied current is also linear.
3. Comparison of experimental and theoretical magnetic field
We have:
μ0 μ r
B= . I . n0 (cos γ 1−cos γ 2 )
2
In this case, μr =1
N 750
n 0= = =2500
L 300 ×10−3

I 0=I √2=0.4 √ 2=0.566( A)

x
cos γ 1= 2 2
√ R +x
 −L−x
cos γ 2=
√ R +( L−x )
2 2

D 40.3
R= = =20.2( mm)
2 2
+) x=0(cm), cos γ 1=0, cos γ 2= -0.998
μ0 μ r 1.256× 10−6
B= . I . n0 (cos γ 1−cos γ 2 )= × 0.566 ×2500 ×(0+0.998)=0.89 (mT )
2 2
+) x=15(cm), cos γ 1=0.991, cos γ 2 = -0.991
μ0 μ r 1.256× 10−6
B= . I . n0 (cos γ 1−cos γ 2 )= × 0.566 ×2500 ×(0.991+0.991)=1.76( mT )
2 2
+) x=30(cm), cos γ 1=0.998, cos γ 2= 0
μ0 μ r 1.256× 10
−6
B= . I . n0 (cos γ 1−cos γ 2 )= × 0.566 ×2500 ×(0.998−0)=0 . 89(mT )
2 2
Comparison between theoretical values and experimental values

x (cm) Bt h eoretical (mT) Bexperimental (mT)

0 0.89 0.97
15 1.76 1.88
30 0.89 0.98

Compare with the obtained result in the experiment:

 The result from the experiment is approximately close the theoretical values. The
different due to the uncertainty of the instruments used.