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HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

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(H2S) AWARENESS COURSE

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COURSE OBJECTIVES

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At the end of the course participants should be able to:

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 Understand the sources, properties and hazards of H2S.

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 Know the health effects if exposed to H2S.
 ED
Know the various gas detection devices to monitor gases.
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 Demonstrate the proper use of breathing apparatus.
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 Understand the emergency response procedures.

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 Know the specific safety policies in rig sites.

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 HYDROGEN
WHAT IS

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SULPHIDE (H2S)?

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 One of the most severe occupational hazards that can be
found on many industrial jobsites.

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May accumulate wherever a mixture of hydrocarbons

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
and sulphur are found.
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Produced by the natural decomposition of organic
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materials in the absence of oxygen.

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 DIFFERENT NAMES

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 H2S

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 Hydrogen Sulphide

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 Sour Gas
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 Rotten Egg Gas
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Stink Damp
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
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 H2S

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SOURCES OF

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 Oil & Gas wells, water wells & pipelines

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 Petro-chemical plants & refineries

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 Underground mines


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Septic tanks & sewers
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 Tank cars & tank trucks

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Pulp & paper mills

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
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 PROPERTIES OF H2S

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 COLOR: Colorless

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 ODOR: Distinctive rotten egg odor at low concentrations

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 VAPOR DENSITY: Heavier than air, settling in low areas

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 EXPLOSIVE LIMITS: Mixed in the proper proportion with

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oxygen & exposed to an ignition source may create an
explosion ED
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 FLAMMABILITY: Will burn and produce sulphur dioxide
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(SO2) which is also a very toxic gas

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 SOLUBILITY: Soluble in most fluids

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 BOILING POINT: Liquefied H2S boils at a very low

temperature so it is usually found as a gas
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 TOXICITY & HEALTH

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HAZARDS OF H2S

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Concentration in the Air
(parts per million by
Effects

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volume)

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below 1 ppm You can smell it

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8 hour Occupational Exposure Limit.
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No known adverse health effect for
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10 ppm most people.

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Recommended personnel to wear

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appropriate breathing apparatus

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 TOXICITY & HEALTH

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HAZARDS OF H2S

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Ceiling Occupational Exposure Limit

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No worker shall be exposed to 20 ppm

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20 ppm at any time.

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Loss of smell in 2 to 15 minutes.
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May cause eye and respiratory tract
20 - 100 ppm
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irritation.
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Cause headache and nausea.

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IDLH 100 ppm

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 TOXICITY & HEALTH

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HAZARDS OF H2S

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Sense of smell lost rapidly.

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100 - 200 ppm Burns eyes and throat.
Loss of reasoning and balance.

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Respiratory disturbances.

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Prompt resuscitation needed.

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Immediate unconsciousness.
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Causes seizures, loss of control of
200 - 500 ppm
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bowel and bladder.
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Breathing will stop and death will

result if not rescued promptly.
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 TOXICITY & HEALTH

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HAZARDS OF H2S

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Immediate unconsciousness.

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500 - 700 ppm

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Causes seizures, loss of control of
bowel and bladder.

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Breathing will stop and death will
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result if not rescued promptly.
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Causes immediate unconsciousness.
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700 and above

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DEATH OR PERMANENT BRAIN DAMAGE

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MAY RESULT
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UNLESS RESCUED PROMPTLY.

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 ES
TYPES OF GAS DETECTORS

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 Handheld Pump Detectors

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 Personal Monitors

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 Portable Monitors
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 Fixed Continuous Monitors

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 TYPES OF GAS DETECTORS

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Handheld Pump Detectors

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Measures both the presence

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and concentration, and provides the capability to

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detect several types of gases. Use gas tubes to
monitor gases.
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 ES
TYPES OF GAS DETECTORS

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Personal Monitors

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Are portable battery operated

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units that are worn on the

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outside of the worker’s clothing.
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They are designed to be used
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when conducting work in an

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area where there is a potential

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for an H2S release.

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 GAS DETECTORS

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TYPES OF

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Portable Monitors

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Larger than personal monitors,

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however, they are also battery

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operated and small enough to
provide for easy movement and
placement in strategic areas
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around the project worksite.
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It is capable of monitoring
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several hazardous gases

simultaneously.
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 GAS DETECTORS

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TYPES OF

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Fixed Continuous Monitors

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Are permanently installed

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devices capable of monitoring

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H2S and other gas atmospheres
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simultaneously, 24 hours per day.
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 ES
AREAS ON THE RIG FOR POTENTIAL

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H2S GAS PRESENCE

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 Bell nipple  Shale shaker

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 Cellar  Mud pumps
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 Mud pits
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 Rig floor
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 WHAT TO DO IN AN H2S

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RELEASE?

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1. Get out of the area - EVACUATE

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2. Sound the alarm - ALARM

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3. Look for other hazards-ASSESS

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4. Don breathing apparatus
- PROTECT
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5. Rescue victims - RESCUE

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6. Revive victims - REVIVE

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7. Obtain medicalTheaid
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 ES
TYPES OF RESPIRATORY

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PROTECTION

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 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

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 Supplied Air Breathing Apparatus (SABA)
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 Emergency Escape Breathing Apparatus (EEBA)

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 SELF-CONTAINED

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BASIC PARTS OF
BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA)

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CYLINDER AND
PRESSURE VALVE ASSEMBLY
REDUCER

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HARNESS

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HEAD ASSEMBLY
HARNESS

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PRESSURE GAUGE
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FACEPIECE
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CYLINDER VALVE
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REGULATOR
PURGE VALVE
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AIR SAVER SWITCH

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 SUPPLIED AIR BREATHING APPARATUS

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(SABA)

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Consist of positive pressure facepiece,

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pressure regulator & egress/escape

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air supply cylinder connected via a

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hose line to a remote air supply system.
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It permits the user to conduct activities
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in a toxic environment for
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extended periods.
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 ES
Emergency Escape Breathing
(EEBA)

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Apparatus

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It is a light weight and portable

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respiratory protection device

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which allow personnel to

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quickly escape from a toxic or
immediately dangerous to life
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and health environment. It
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consists of a positive pressure

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face piece (hood) attached to

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an emergency escape/egress
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cylinder.
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 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

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 B.A.C.K. (Lifting Technique)

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B. Balance

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 Keep Feet Shoulder width Apart
 Keep Load Close to Body

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A. Alignment

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 Maintain Straight Back Alignment

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C. Close / Contract 
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
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 Contract Stomach Muscles & Keep

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the Load Close to the Body

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K. Bend The Knees & Hips

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 User HEALTH Considerations

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Conditions that seriously effect the ability for

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safely use a Respirator

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Cardio Vascular Diseases Lung Diseases

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Panic Attacks Back/Neck Problems
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Asthma Chronic Bronchitis

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Note: If any of those symptoms pertains, Consult Health Care

Professional.
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 PROCEDURES

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EMERGENCY

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 Do not panic

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 Do not run to safe Briefing Area, walk fast only

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 Do not attempt rescue without proper PPE


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Always utilize the buddy system
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 Help any person in distress as per ERP

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Proceed to designated briefing areas and secure

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
instructions from supervisor
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 RIG SPECIFIC

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SAFETY POLICIES

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 Safety Orientation
 Wearing Apparel

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 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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 Facial Hair

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 Personal Health

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Intoxicating Beverages, Drugs and Firearms
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 Smoking
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 Horse Playing
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 Cameras/Video Equipment
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 Hazardous Materials
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 RIG SPECIFIC

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SAFETY POLICIES

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Tools & Equipment Use
 Good Housekeeping

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 Lock-out/Tag-out Procedures

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 Cranes and Hoists

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 Accident/Incident Reporting
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 First Aid Treatment
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 Safety Meetings
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 Safe Work Permit System

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 Safety Belts and Lifelines

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 Fire Prevention & Protection

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 ES
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Thank you!

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