Mangalam,Tirupur,TN – 641663

(Affiliated to CBSE / New Delhi /Aff. No. 1930760)

PHYSICS
INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT

GRADE XII
(ACADEMIC YEAR: 2022-23)
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of
the Central Board
of Secondary Education Certificate Examination

Submitted by,
KOUSIK .AB

AISSCE NO:

Under the guidance of,

SHRI.GOVIADARAJ
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project in Physic (xxx) is

completed by KOUSIK .AB, student of class XII,
Amrita Vidyalayam Sr. Sec. Tirupur with AISSCE No:
under the supervision of Shri. For the partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the course
completion in pursuance of AISSCE 2022-23.

Date:

Teacher In-Charge Principal

School Seal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I praise and thank Sadhguru Amma, from the depth of my

heart,who has been an unfailing source of strength,
comfort, and inspiration in the completion of this project work.

I express my gratitude to our principal Shri Vidhyasankar

for his sustained interest and encouragement for our academic
progress in this project work.

I really deem it a special privilege to convey our prodigious

and everlasting thanks to our Physics teacher Shri. Govindraj
for his remarkable guidance and encouragement at every
stage of this project Work.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to our parents and

friends, for their timely guidance, inspiring encouragement and
support to complete the meaningful work within the stipulated
time.

Finally, I would like to thank CBSE for giving me this

opportunity to undertake this activity.

Signature of the student

 TO STUDY THE
CHARGING AND DISCHARGING OF
CAPACITOR
IN A SERIES RC CIRCUIT
 CONTENTS

➔
Abstract
➔
Introduction
➔
Theory
➔
Apparatus and Procedure
➔
Observation and table
➔
Conclusions
➔
Bibliography
 C T
S T RA
AB
 ABSTRACT:

Aim of this project is to verify

➢ When charging : At time constant voltage

across the capacitor is 63% of the Applied
voltage,At time is 5T capacitor is fully charged

➢ When discharging : At time constant voltage

across the Resistor is 36% of the initial
voltage,At time is 5T is fully discharged

And to
➢ compare theoritical values and observed
values
 I O N
D U CT
N T RO
I
 INTRODUCTION :
Capacitor ---> It is a device which stores energy
in the form of electric field

Image Source :britannica

Capacitors have huge application in real life like

ceiling fans,amplifiers,pumps etc are cant function
without it . And
even there are some possibilities
that capacitors(super capacitors)
may become batteries of future
Image Source : Mouser
vehicles because of its quick
charging capabilities

Here we are going to analyse the capacitor

behaviour when it is connected with resistor in
series and we are going to derive some
equations to see the behaviour of capacitor
mathematically and graphically
 R Y
TH EO
 THEORY :
Prerequisite :

Basic knowledge in calculus

formulas required :
C = q / v , V = ir , T(𝜏) = RC(time constant)
Law(s) need to be known :
Kirchoff’s loop law , which states that sum of the
voltage across every components is zero in a circuit

capacitor when charging :

By doing the above derivation we arrive at the equation

V = E(1-e-t/rc)
capacitor when discharging :

By doing above derivation we arrive at the

equation
V = E( e-t/rc)
Accoring to above equation while charging when
t = rc capacitor is charged 63% of the applied
voltage and while dischaging when t = rc
capacitor became 36% of the initial voltage
 U R E
O C ED
DP
R
S AN
R A TU
PP A
A
 apparatuS

➔Capacitor(of your own choice)

➔Resistor(of your own choice)
➔Dc power supply
➔Voltmeter/multimeter
➔Zero pcb(if required)
➔Stop watch
➔Graph sheet
Circuit diagram

charging
Discharging
 Procedure
(WARNING : capacitors may blast when
polarity is reveresed )

● Capacitor need to short circuited at first

● Capacitor and resistor need to be connected

in series and power need to connected as
shown in the circuit diagram

●
And voltmeter/multimeter should be
connected parallel to the capacitor

● Stop watch and switch 1 need to turned on

simultaneoulsly and the voltage and time
should be noted

●
And switch 1 need to be off and switch 2
need to be on and time and voltage should
be noted

● Finally we can compare with the theoritical

value we calculated
 b l e
D ta
n AN
i o
r v at
bs e
o
 CHARGING
s.no Time calculated value Observed value
(in sec)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Expected value at t = T
V= ______
Observed value at t = T
V= ______
 DISCHARGING
s.no Time calculated value Observed value
(in sec)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Expected value at t = T
V= ______
Observed value at t = T
V= ______
 GRAPH :

Expected graph :

Image Source : WebAssign

Graph that we got :

 i o n
c l us
C on
 CONCLUSION

We just verified that, at t = time constant

capacitor is approximately charged 63% and
while discharging 34% is the voltage at t=
time constant

Graph that we plotted also almost identical

Aim of this project is achieved successfully

 h y
g r ap
i b lio
B
REFERENCES :

Bibliography :
 NCERT Physics class 12, volume 1

Webliography :
 Referencedesigner.com
 https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/
 https://www.edaboard.com/
 https://mechatrofice.com/