Operations Standards Booklet

Operations Standards booklet
Operations Standards Manual Rev. 02 Page 1 of 171

Our Mission
Sprint Oil and Gas Services is dedicated to provide safe, cost effective
technical solutions and services to the up stream industry in its core
specialties.
We are committed to provide effective Solutions to meet our client’s

requirement and ensure quality on site Job execution to maximize client returns
in the domain of Coiled Tubing, Nitrogen Pumping, Well Stimulation, and Well
cementing.
We shall remain focused on our core specialties and we shall continuously

strive to develop new solutions and services that fulfill our client future needs.
Our values
Sprint Oil and Gas Services values are to promote its employee’s motivation
and dedication to customer service, to demonstrate management and
employees commitment to provide our clients with superior Service Quality and
to produce customer focused solutions as cornerstone for our future growth.
Our Way
Quality, Health, Safety and Environmental considerations remain a priority for
our management team and for all our employees so that the prevention of
accidental risk and loss from process failure is a recognized and integral part of
our continuous improvement culture.
We are committed to the proactive integration of QHSE objectives into our

management systems at all levels, actively reinforced by our reward and
recognition programs. This is critical to the well being of our employees, adds
value to our products and services and major factor in our business success.
Our technical knowledge covering the domains of Coiled Tubing, Nitrogen

Pumping, Well Stimulation, and Well cementing as well as our experienced
field execution personnel highly dedicated to Safety and Service Quality are
our key pillars to meet our client expectations.

Capitalizing on our broad reach to different market technologies through our

procurement center and our large suppliers’ network, Sprint Oil and Gas
Services can supply most of the new Technologies available today in the
market in a cost effective manner.
Hossam A. Elmoneim Radi Moustafa
Operations Manager General Manager

GENERAL POLICIES
Business Ethics Policy
Confidentiality
Proper Use of Corporate Assets
Conflict of Interest Policy
Software Duplication Policy
Sexual Harassment Policy
OPERATIONS STANDARDS
General Well Site and pumping Standard
Nitrogen and Foam Pumping Standard
Coiled Tubing Operation Standard
Pressure Testing Standards

Business Ethics Policy
Trust and confidence take time and care to develop, but can be easily
destroyed by improper or thoughtless actions. Sprint Oil & Gas Services is
committed to, and demands, the highest standard of conduct from its
employees with regard to business ethics.
Following its basic values, Sprint Oil and Gas Services competes strongly but
fairly in the marketplace. It obtains business through well-trained and motivated
employees who are dedicated to customer service in a safe and clean
environment, and through the provision of high quality services and products
based on the application of advanced technology. Sprint Oil & Gas Services
does not obtain or maintain business through illegal conduct or practices of
unfair competition such as price fixing, bribery, collusion with competitors and
deceptive trade practices. Similarly, Sprint Oil and Gas Services dealings with
governments and governmental agencies are based on honest presentations
and discussions; bribery in any form, and other improper conduct are
prohibited. Financial reporting must be done in an accurate and timely manner.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees should not accept gifts of more than
token value such as loans, excessive entertainment or other substantial favors
from any company or individual that does business with Sprint Oil and Gas
Services, or seeks to do so.
Other policy statements deal with various other aspects of business ethics.
However, these basic policy statements do not attempt to cover all situations
involving questions of business ethics. If you want further guidance, or become
aware of potential violations of this policy, you are encouraged to consult your
supervisor, or the Personnel or Legal Department. Violations of this policy will
subject the employee to disciplinary action, including possible termination.
Approved By: Approved By:


Confidentiality
Sprint Oil & Gas Services businesses depend on our success in developing
specialized high-technology leadership and on the confidence and trust our
customers and business associates place in us. Many employees have access
to trade secrets, source codes, financial information, ongoing research
planning, inventions, techniques, and other confidential proprietary information.
The technology and applications we use, and the other confidential information
we develop, usually belong exclusively to Sprint Oil and Gas Services, but we
are also entrusted with highly confidential information of others, including our
customers.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services puts trust in you to maintain this confidentiality. All
business, financial and technical conversations, notes, manuals, and papers
and other forms of confidential information, whether physical or electronic,
must not be discussed with or revealed to anyone outside the company,
without the necessary prior approvals. In all circumstances and places, care
must be taken not to divulge either company information or third-party
confidential information entrusted to Sprint Oil and Gas Services that has been
obtained as a result of your employment with the company.
Unintentional disclosure of confidential information can be just as harmful as

intentional disclosure. Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees must be careful to
avoid accidental disclosure through such things as imprudent conversations
and careless handling of documents and software. Violations of this policy will
subject the employee to disciplinary action, including possible termination.


Conflict of Interest Policy
All Sprint Oil and Gas Services employees must avoid situations which involve,
or could appear to involve, conflicts between their personal interests and the
interests of the company or of the company customers. Sprint Oil & Gas
Services employees are expected to put the company business interests
ahead of their own. Do not use information about company business or
prospective business for personal gain or compete with the company, directly
or indirectly, in the purchase or sale of property or other interests.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees must not work for a competitor while at
the same time working for the company.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees must not be directors, officers,
employees, agents or consultants of companies competing with Sprint Oil and
Gas Services.
Sometimes Sprint Oil and Gas Services employees or members of their

immediate families have active interests in other businesses. Relationships
between these businesses and Sprint Oil and Gas Services must be avoided.
For example, if an employee owns or has a substantial interest in another
company, that company must not do business with Sprint Oil and Gas
Services.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees must not acquire an interest in a
company doing business with or competing with Sprint Oil and Gas Services.
However, Sprint Oil and Gas Services employees may have outside business
and other activities so long as these activities do not interfere with the
performance of duties to the company, do not involve conflict of interest, and
would not harm the reputation of the company.
All Sprint Oil and Gas Services assets, such as equipment, financial
assets and confidential information, must be used for proper Sprint Oil
and Gas Services purposes in accordance with appropriate procedures. If
you want further guidance, you are encouraged to consult your
supervisor, or the Legal Department.
Violation of this policy can result in disciplinary action, including possible
termination.



Proper Use Of Corporate Assets
1. All officers and employees of Sprint Oil and Gas Services shall operate in
compliance with the ethical standards of each country in which the Company
does business and in compliance with all laws and regulations to which they
are subject. Legal advice shall be sought as necessary in order to assure
compliance with this policy.
2. No payment to secure or retain business to direct business to any other

party and no other illegal improper contribution of funds or assets shall be
made to political parties or organizations or their leaders or candidates for
public office. This includes the loan of assets and direct or indirect payment in
any form, including reimbursement of employees or third parties for
contributions or payments that they might personally have made.
3. No payment shall be made to any government official, the objective of which

is to influence favorable decision on matters affecting or to ward off or
postpone decisions on matters which would be adverse to the Company
including the securing, retaining or directing of business. As used in this policy
statement, the term "government official" means any officer or employee of any
government or any department, agency, or
instrumentality thereof, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on
behalf of such government or department, agency, or instrumentality. This
applies to direct payments and also to indirect contributions or payments made
in any form, such as through agents, consultants, suppliers, customers or other
third parties, or by reimbursement of employees for contributions or payments
that they might personally have made.
4. All company assets, including all cash accounts, shall be part of account and
included in the uniform financial statements. The records supporting them shall
be made fully available for audit by Company internal auditors and outside
independent accountants.
5. No entries shall be made in the books of accounts or in supporting

documents (such as cash payment vouchers) that inaccurately or improperly
describe any transactions. However, transactions of a confidential (but proper)
nature may be described in a general way provided full details are known by
the Country Manager and Controller and made available to Sprint Oil and Gas
Services internal auditors and outside independent accountants.

6. Managers and Controllers shall ensure that books, records, and accounts
related to their operations accurately and fairly reflect, in reasonable detail, the
transactions and dispositions of the assets under their control.
7. Managers and Controllers shall ensure that, with respect to the operations
for which they are responsible, a system of internal accounting controls is
maintained which is sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that the
following criteria are met:
a) Transactions are executed in accordance with Management's general or
specific authorization.
b) Transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles or any other criteria
applicable to such statements and
to maintain accountability for assets.
c) Access to assets in permitted only in accordance with Management's
general or specific organization.
d) The detailed accounting records of assets are compared with the existing
assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to
any differences.
8. All Managers shall be responsible for the enforcement of and compliance

with this Policy Statement including necessary distribution to ensure employee
knowledge and compliance. At a minimum, the Policy Statement shall be
distributed to all employees having the authority to make or approve
disbursements of funds, other than for nominal amounts and Management
shall ensure that these employees have read and understand the policy.
9. In addition, a copy of this Policy Statement shall be included in all

accounting and administrative manuals intended for use in Headquarters,
plant, field or branch locations. Any employee who has any question regarding
this Policy statement, including the definition of any of its terms, shall discuss
the mater with his supervisor.
10 Failure to comply with the above provisions may lead to disciplinary action
including possible dismissal.
RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Compliance - all employees

2. Enforcement - all managers (for employees reporting to them)

3. Reporting any deviations from this Policy Statement to Sprint Oil and Gas
Services HQ, Country Managers and Location Managers.


Software Duplication Policy
Sprint Oil & Gas Services licenses the use of computer software from a variety
of outside companies. Sprint Oil & Gas Services does not have the right to
reproduce these softwares. Any duplication of licensed computer software,
except for backup or archival purposes or as permitted in the license
agreement, may be a violation of copyright laws.
Unless covered by agreements, a software program loaded on the hard disk of

a computer should not be copied to any media. Occasionally, we may acquire
a Site License that permits copying a computer program at a specific site, but
please insure that there is a Site License before copying a program for another
computer at the Site. In the case of corporately licensed software such as
different Well simulators, for example, a designated representative should
register all users on the Software distribution server.
All other software, not covered by the above agreements, should be properly
licensed, and the user should keep a record of the license agreement and
documentation.
While each site should have a Site Information Security Officer (SSO), every
user is responsible for ensuring that each program is properly licensed from the
software publisher.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services will not tolerate any employee making unauthorized
copies of software. Under no circumstances should any employee give any
licensed software to any outside third party, including clients or customers.
Unless we enforce a strict policy on software use, Sprint Oil and Gas Services
might be exposed to serious legal liability. Line managers are responsible for
implementation of this Policy.
Violation of this policy can result in disciplinary action, including possible
termination.

Sexual Harassment Policy
A basic element of the business strategy of Sprint Oil and Gas Services is to
develop a global culture in which men and women of all backgrounds and
nationalities can build on the strengths of diversity while they work together as
a team. Respect for each individual is an essential part of this process. Sexual
harassment is contrary to our values and against everything we are working
for. Violations will result in disciplinary action including termination.
Sexual harassment can include such things as:
• unwelcome sexual advances or propositions;

• any verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature which unreasonably
interferes with another person's ability to work or creates an intimidating,
hostile or offensive work environment;
• personnel decisions such as hiring, promotion, compensation and
continued employment, which are based on an employee's acceptance or
rejection of sexual advances;
• inappropriate attempts at sexual humor.
Anyone believing in good faith that she or he has been subjected to sexual
harassment by anyone in Sprint Oil and Gas Services, or anyone with whom
we do business, should immediately contact her or his supervisor, Personnel
Manager, or any other manager. Complaints and questions regarding possible
sexual harassment will be treated in a confidential manner, and all complaints
will be investigated. There will be no retaliation for making complaints or asking
questions under this policy, or for responding to questions during any
investigation of these matters.


Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Policy
Sprint Oil & Gas Services is committed to providing a safe and healthy
workplace and ensuring that our business activities are conducted in a manner
that protects the environment.
This policy has been established on the basis that concern for the health and
safety of our Employees and guardianship of the environment are essential to
the successful conduct and future growth of our business, as well as being in
the best interest of each of the company’s stakeholders.
The aims of this policy shall be achieved at all company locations by adhering
to the following principles:
* Evaluation of HSE aspects and management of impacts.

* Compliance with all applicable HSE legislation.
* Protection of Employees and others affected by the company’s
business.
* Prevention of accidents, injuries, and pollution.
* Elimination of waste and conservation of resources.
* Continual improvement of HSE performance.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services senior management shall continually uphold the
principles of this policy and integrate them throughout the company, while the
Board of Directors shall regularly review HSE performance.
The management and supervisory personnel at each division and location shall
be responsible for implementing and maintaining the HSE management system
necessary to sustain the policy.
Any person whose work may create a significant HSE impact shall be trained
and held accountable for complying with the policy and related procedures,
practices, instructions and rules.
Working safely and in an environmentally appropriate manner are conditions of

employment. Each Employee has a duty to report workplace conditions or
practices that pose a safety hazard or threaten the environment and to take
reasonable actions to alleviate such risks.



Driving and Journey Management Policy
This policy applies to all Sprint Oil & Gas Services Employees and it is
especially drafted to minimize the risk of driving and ensure that worldwide
standards for driving qualification and practices are followed. This driving policy
applies to all locations (i.e. operating locations and offices). The following shall
be implemented in all locations. For any location, not compliant with this policy,
management shall produce a time bound implementation plan. Management
must be actively involved in the implementation of this policy.
Driver Certification
Only approved personnel and contractors are allowed to drive Sprint Oil and
Gas Services vehicles, including company-owned, leased or rented for
business purposes. Approval is granted to drivers who have taken defensive
driving training every three years and commentary drive training on a yearly
basis. These training programs must be documented in the safety passport.
Seat Belts
As a condition of employment, all employees and contractors must wear seat
belts at all times when driving a vehicle, and they must ensure that all other
vehicle occupants are also wearing seat belts.
Substance Abuse
Driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or any drugs or narcotics
is strictly prohibited and subject to disciplinary action including termination.
Cellular Phone
Drivers should neither initiate nor answer a cellular phone call or message
whilst driving a vehicle, regardless of whether a hands free device is available
or not. Cellular phones may be left on during a trip to alert the driver of an
incoming call or message, however the vehicle must be brought to a complete
and safe stop before responding.
Journey Management
All locations shall have in place an active journey management program. Each
location's journey management program shall address all local driving
conditions and identified risks.
Driver Improvement Monitors
An approved driver improvement monitor shall be installed in all vehicles
designed for road use that are owned, leased or rented by Sprint Oil and Gas

Services. All locations shall regularly review the data gathered by the monitors
and use the data to continually improve driver skills.
Disciplinary Action
Violations of this policy can result in disciplinary action up to and including
termination.

Drug and Alcohol Policy
Sprint Oil & Gas Services has the responsibility to maintain a safe and
productive work environment free from the adverse effects of alcohol and
controlled substances (or drugs). Individuals who work while under the
influence of controlled substances present a risk to co-workers, company
assets, the community and themselves.
Substance abuse is defined as any substance, legal or illegal, used in an

improper way, that chemically modifies the body’s function, results in
psychological or behavioral changes and can lead to dependency and/or
physical addiction.
Regular company physicals show that chronic alcohol consumption is a non-

negligible problem. Also, prescription and over-the counter medication reduce
vigilance, reflexes, coordination and performance are responsible for a
considerable number of accidents each year. Any medication taken regularly
can become habit forming and addictive. Dependency can be physical as well
as psychological.
Work and substance abuse
Reporting to the work site under the influence of drugs and/or alcohols is
strictly forbidden.
Business dinners and functions should be pre-planned so as not to involve any
driving under drugs and narcotics influence Driving and Substance Abuse
Driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or any drugs or
narcotics is strictly prohibited and subject to disciplinary action
including termination
Responsibility
Employees and Line management should insure that this policy is strictly
abided to at all time and all locations. The company has the right to request
employee to pass a drug/alcohol test at both pre-employment time or else, at
any time during his or her employment
Disciplinary Action
Violations of this policy can result in disciplinary action up to and including
termination



Risk Management
Sprint Oil & Gas Services most important assets are people and property. Their
preservation and security are key to our growth and long-term success.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services shall preserve its employees and assets from any
loss or damage that could affect the ability to provide quality services to its
customers.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services locations must make calculated assumption of risk
when deciding to commit resources to geographically or politically difficult
zones; to launch new business activities; or to accept certain contractual terms
& conditions.
The management of each location has the primary responsibility and

accountability for identifying and assessing the risks to which its activity is
exposed. It also has the primary responsibility for investment in risk control
measures where the cost/benefit has been demonstrated. Evaluation of risk
control options is performed in close liaison with QHSE and Legal.
The locations managers will be assisted and supported by Risk Management,

who will provide information and advice with respect to risk identification, risk
assessment, and risk control techniques. Risk Management has the primary
responsibility for designing, proposing and maintaining appropriate strategic
risk financing programs.
• identify and assess the risks to which Sprint operations and personnel are
exposed;
• select and implement cost-effective risk control measures to avoid or
reduce the exposures to loss;
• arrange appropriate risk financing (including, but not limited to, insurance)
to offset the effects of any losses that may occur, so that the lowest
sustainable cost of risk is obtained over the long term;
• continually review and update the risk management process.

Information Security
Information is the foundation of our business, and the security of that

information is critical. The QHSE function is in charge of administrating and
coordinating responsibility to manage the information security.
Management should ensure that all locations have access to this Information
Security Policy and that it is implemented, particularly the appointment of
someone responsible for security at each site..
Protection of confidential information, whether belonging to Sprint Oil and Gas
Services or belonging to Clients who have entrusted such information to us, is
essential to our reputation and to the survival of our business. This information
can be in many forms -- physical, electronic and intellectual (such as know-
how). Common examples include tool designs, marketing plans, clients'
reservoir information, information and operating results.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services employees must be careful not to disclose this
confidential information to any unauthorized person, either intentionally or by
accident. Unintentional disclosure of confidential information can be just as
harmful as intentional disclosure, and employees should be alert to the
possibility of inadvertent disclosures, which could occur in social settings or in
the course of normal interactions with customers and other business
associates.
Sprint Oil & Gas Services management must take all reasonable steps to
establish and maintain the physical and electronic security of confidential
information. Information Technology will publish and update general guidelines
and best practices for this process, and will assist the business locations as
required. The general guidelines appear below. Violations of these Policies
can result in disciplinary action, including possible termination.
Each site manager must assure that the site has an "Information Security
Procedures Document" addressing:
• all access (physical and electronic) by employees and non-employees to
facilities and information, including reproduction, modification, and
distribution of information;
• the proper handling and use of information owned by others;
• confidentiality in electronic communications;
• off-site and third-party connections and other access to Sprint Oil and Gas
Services computers, systems, networks, computer program source code,

and program and equipment design documents, including appropriate

confidentiality agreements;
• disaster prevention and recovery procedures;
• operating system and application security, including network access, anti-
virus measures, and user, password and user profile management;
• incident and anomaly reporting
• copyright and other protection of intellectual property rights;
Each site shall designate a Site Information Security Officer (SSO) to
administer that site's information security procedures.. The SSO should report
directly either to the location Manager or to the Health, Safety and Environment
Manager.


Operations Standards
DIRECTIVES
Introduction
* The directives laid out in this manual are intended for use by all company
personnel engaged in coiled tubing, stimulation, nitrogen and cementing
operations as well as in office duties.
* These directives are aimed at setting a high standard of service, consistent
to all coiled tubing undertaken work. It is not the intention of this manual to
give detailed procedures and programs to follow
* The contents of this manual are relevant for all standard coiled tubing,
Nitrogen lifting, acid stimulation, fill clean-out and well cementing.
Specialized operations should use the directives as a foundation and be
engineered according to their own requirements.
Sprint expects the all employees to perform to the highest standards of

operation and HSE commensurate with the risks involved in this critical
well work activity. All employees must comply with the provisions and
requirements of Sprint HSE policy and operation standards as detailed in
the Cementing, Stimulation and Coiled tubing Procedures Manuals. The
following Operation standards are in addition to the general requirements
outlined above.
Operation Standards List:
Coiled Tubing Operation Standard
Pressure Testing and Inspection Standards

This standard outlines basic rules and procedures that shall be implemented,
as a minimum, at all locations that involve Pumping, N2 or Coiled Tubing
operations in order to prevent injury to Sprint and third party personnel and
damage to equipment involved with well site operations.
This General Well Site and pumping Standard must be followed for all well site
operations. Additional Wellsite Safety Standards must be followed if they apply.
These include but are not limited to Nitrogen (N2) Operations and Coil Tubing
Operations.
Sprint policy requires that all pressure operations comply with the “Pressure
Standard” and this General Well Site and pumping Standard. Exemptions will
be approved only if:
1. It is not possible to follow General Well Site and pumping Standard
2. The job can be performed safely.
Responsibility
Line Managers have the following responsibilities:
• Compliance to this Standard
• Supply the correct equipment, maintenance and training necessary to allow
employees to comply with this Standard..
• Apply for an exemption in cases where a deviation from this Standard
Sales personnel have the following responsibilities:
• Know and understand this, and all other Sprint Standards.
• Design and sell jobs that conform to this and all Sprint Standards.
• Ensure that the customer understands that all jobs must be done in
compliance to Sprint Standards
Job Supervisors have the following responsibilities:
• Ensure that all employees and contractors at the site work in compliance
with this, and other standards.
• Take appropriate action, up to and including terminating the job, if
unacceptable risks exist.
All Employees have these responsibilities:
• Read and understand this Standard
• Comply with this Standard.
• Recognize and reduce to the extent possible safety risks associated with
the operation.

Job Planning And Mobilization

The job design must support the implementation of and compliance to all safety
and operating standards.
All relevant location information must be provided to the operation prior to
performing the job.
Wellhead information needed:
• Type and size wellhead connection
• Pressure rating of wellhead
• Size, weight, and configuration of tubular /casing
• Wellhead and tubular/casing ratings must be within job design
specifications
The Job Supervisor must:
• All Jobs
o Comply with HSE-Journey Management & Driving standards.
o Review and approve mobilization arrangements.
o Ensure that all vehicles have had and passed a Prejob inspection.
o Ensure that convoy procedures are followed.
o Review the following job information:
• Required equipment
• Wellhead and tubular/casing information
• Required Chemicals
• Treatment Procedure
• Cementing Jobs
o Calculate Casing Lift pressure for Surface and Conductor Jobs.
• Advises customer if calculations show casing may be lifted.
• Ensure that the Client secures the casing.
• Contingency plans must be established and reviewed with operations
personnel prior to the job. Examples include but are not limited to:
o Chemical leaks
o Line Parting
o Procedures in case of accident/emergency
o Change in pumping schedule
• If H2S gas is present or if there is a risk of H2S, refer to HSE-H2S Safety
Standard
• Each operating location must have a pre-job information package that
includes:
o materials and equipment needed
o directions to location
o wellhead information
o treatment procedure

o pre job checklists

• Handling of Radioactive Material
o Sprint does not handle radioactive tracer materials.
o Sprint will pump these materials as part of a treatment only if a
company, qualified and licensed to handle radioactive tracer materials,
provides all handling and injection equipment.
o Sprint will not be responsible for any remaining radioactive material or
for the disposal of any contaminated materials, products or equipment.
Safety Systems and Equipment

Line management is responsible for ensuring that all safety systems and
equipment are provided, maintained, and operational.
All employees are responsible for the maintenance and functionality of their job
related equipment and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
All employees are responsible for reporting defective equipment to
management.
All employees are responsible for reporting to management the lack of required
safety equipment.
Equipment Identification and Labeling.

• Fluid Ends: The working pressure must be marked in yellow, 1 inch
(2.4cm) letters on the front of the fluid end.
• High pressure hammer valves: The indicator bars on the bonnet of the
valve must be painted a different color from the valve so that it can clearly
be determined whether the valve is in the open or closed position.
Pressure Relieving Equipment.
• Burst Disc Valves - All positive displacement pumps must have burst disc
valves installed in the suction of the pump as per the parameters stated
below.
Maximum Pump Pressure Rating Burst Disc Pressure Rating:

6500 psi (44850 Kpa) 10,000 psi (69,000 Kpa)
10,000 psi (69,000 Kpa) 15,000 psi (103,500 Kpa)
15,000 psi (103,500 Kpa) 22,500 psi (155,250 Kpa)
• Pressure Relief Valves (PRV’s); are used in treating lines on well

treatments to protect sub-surface and surface equipment from excessive
pressures. They are pre-set to relieve at a designated pressure. There are
three design types of PRV’s: 1. Spring Operated 2. Gas Operated 3.
Adapter and Burst Disc.

Selection of PRV size and type design for the particular application is
critical. The PRV’s and manufacturers listed in the table below are the only
ones approved in pumping applications. Relief flow rates vary for each
particular PRV design type and the pressures at which they relieve. The
table below lists the various approved PRV designs for particular job
applications:
Type of PRV Manufacturer Size Type of work Max. WP

Spring Enson 2” 1. Isolated Annul us 15k psi
2. Main treating line – non
energized and non
sand laden fluid jobs
Spring Enson 2” 1. Isolated Annulus 20k psi
2. Main treating line – non
energized and non
Spring Enson 3” 1. Isolated Annulus 15k psi
2. Main treating line –non
energized and non
Gas Oper. WOODS 2” All jobs – Annulus or Main 15k psi
Treating Line - up to 20
BPM flowrate
Gas Oper. WOODS 3” All jobs – Annulus or Main 15k psi
Treating Line - up to 40
BPM flowrate
Installation of a relief valve in the treating line must meet the following
requirements:
o The relief valve must be installed between the main treating line
check valve and the Triplex pumps on all jobs other than those
with energized fluids.
o The outlet of the relief valve must be positioned so that it is
pointing away from the equipment and personnel.
o If the discharge of the PRV needs to be piped to another area,
then steel lines must be used
o Any steel lines attached to the discharge of a PRV must be
secured with stakes.
o In the event the well needs to be secured the main isolation valve
will need to be closed. The relief valve should be located at a safe
distance to allow the operator safe access to the main control
valve.
o Install the correct size and type of relief valve to relieve the
pressure at the rate at which the job will be pumped.

o The pressure relief valve must be tested at the same pressure as

the treating line before the job is started.
o Spring operated PRV’s must be tested before use to make sure
that the opening pressure is correct.
o The relief valves must be separated from the main treating line
with an isolation valve and rigged up as shown in Figures below
o The area around the relief valve must be identified as a hazard
area and personnel must be kept out.
o If the job uses energized or sand laden fluid, the isolation valve
must be remote actuated and
o rigged up as shown below.




pumping flammables relief valves can be used as long as the flow from the
relief valve is piped to an environmentally sound tank or containment area. This
tank or containment area must be located a minimum of 100’ (33.3 m) away
from the personnel work area and equipment.
• If a relief valve is required by the client to be used on a treatment that
contains energized fluid, the relief valve must be between the fluid pump
unit/s check valve and the main treating line check valve. The only
acceptable PRV for energized fluids with solids is the gas operated relief
valve. In addition, the introduction of N2 into the main treating line must be
between the fluid check valve and the wellhead. See Figure above for rig
up of PRV’s for energized fluids.
• If relief valves are required on cementing units, they must have a rating of
at least 10,000-psi (69,000kpa). The discharge ports must be connected by
a metal pipe to a safe area below the unit and away from any work areas
Safety Equipment
All required PPE must be worn on the location at all times. The only exception
to this requirement is when personnel are inside an enclosure such as a CTU
control cabin or a van.
If a well is open to the atmosphere while Sprint equipment is connected, and it
is anticipated that gas and/or reservoir hydrocarbons will be returned to the
surface, gas monitoring equipment is required. Set the low-level alarm at 20%
of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) , if existing onsite. Set the high-level alarm
at 50% of the LEL. If the high-level alarm is heard, all engines and sources of
ignition must be stopped or closed. All personnel must move away from the
area until the gas level decreases below the 20% level.
• Unit Safety Equipment
o All heavy vehicles, trailers and skid units that have a power supply or
engine must have at least one 20 lb. (9.1 kg.) dry chemical fire
extinguisher. Make sure the extinguisher is fully charged with an
inspection tag that shows the date of the last inspection. These fire
extinguishers must be removed from the unit and placed on the ground
near the equipment before the job is started.
o Pickups and Automobiles must have a fire extinguisher. Make sure the
extinguisher is fully charged with an inspection tag that shows the date
of the last inspection. The inspection must be done every 6 months as
a minimum. If the local area requirements are more stringent, then the
local area requirements should be followed.

o Trailer and driving lights must be checked and working before leaving
the district and returning from location.
o All pump units must have pressure gauges, transducers, over-pressure
shutdowns, and emergency “Kill” switches. All these safety devices
must operate correctly, if faulty they must be repaired before the unit
can be sent to location to perform a job.
General Rules On Location

All employees on location have the responsibility to ensure that all aspects of
this Standard are complied with. If our Client/s require regulations other than
the above mentioned Standard Operating and Safety Procedure they must be
complied with as long as they meet or exceed Sprint minimum requirement. If
Customer requirements cause unacceptable risks to Sprint personnel and/or
equipment, the Job Supervisor has the authority and responsibility to stop the
job and inform management.
• Personnel Safety
• Minimize the exposure of personnel to operating equipment, treating lines,
wellhead and chemicals.
• Minimum Personal Protective Equipment Required
o Long sleeved - sleeves rolled down coveralls. Coveralls must not be
worn by exposure to certain chemicals.
o Hard hat
o Safety glasses with side shield
o Steel toed boots
o Hearing protection
• Personal Restrictions
o Remove all finger rings
o No contact lens
o No wrist chains
o When breathing apparatus (SCBA, Dust Masks) is required: Facial hair
must be groomed to allow proper fit and function.
• Additional Personnel Safety Requirements
o When working at heights above 6 feet (2 meters) a full body harness
with automatic safety brake must be worn
o Sprint employees are not permitted to ride on a catline. If it is
necessary to ride an air hoist or boson chair, make sure that the
following items are addressed before proceeding:
• Identify the individual that is to operate the hoist
• Review hand signals
• Always maintain a clear line of sight between hoist operator and rider.

• Identify / Reduce hazards

• Secure all loose items such as hammers, valve bars, and plugs.
• Once destination is reached secure full body harness lanyard.
o Sprint employees must not touch or move any power utility lines.
Location Safety
• Equipment Requirements
o Only Sprint approved manufactured components and treating
equipment are to be used. If there is a need to use a non-standard
component or treating connection then an exemption is to be used.
o If the client or a third party will be supplying changeovers or adapters
between the wellhead and Sprint treating line, these changeovers or
adapters must meet the same criteria as defined in High Pressure Rig-
up section.
• Prohibited Practices
o Never strike a union under pressure with a hammer.
o Never tighten bolts on a connection that is under pressure.
o Never strike a bulk container that is under air pressure with a hammer.
o While performing operations at the well head and/or cement cement
heads, pumping into the well is not allowed. The only exception is the
launching of plugs from cement heads.
o employees must restrict their activities to those that are directly related
to the performance of the specific Sprint portion of the treatment. For
example Sprint employees must not help with the installation of casing,
tubing, and racking of pipe.
o employees must not operate any equipment that is not owned or
rented by Sprint.
o Never start pumping without the direct instructions or approval of the
Job Supervisor.
• Required Practices
o For Sprint personnel to operate the wellhead valves, remove part of
the wellhead or release wellhead pressure, the customer must be
present or must provide written permission for this work.
o During Sprint portion of the well treatment, Sprint Job Supervisor, or an
assigned employee must operate Sprint valves.
o There must be clear understanding of the safety procedures and
communication signals between the Job Supervisor and the person
operating the cement head.
o Any leaks from Sprint equipment must be collected and properly
disposed.

o Fire extinguishers and portable fire protection equipment must be

removed from units and placed on the ground near the equipment
before the job is started.
o Smoking or open flames on location are permitted only in areas
assigned by the Job Supervisor. These areas must be at least 150 feet
(46 meters) from the work area or in assigned smoking areas.
o All Sprint containers, boxes and trash must be removed from the well
site after each job is completed.
o When H2S is present at the well site, follow procedures as outlined in
the H2S HSE standard
o Each employee must be trained in H2S hazards before working on a
location with potential exposure to H2S.
o The risks associated with being on top of tanks for the purpose of
measuring fluids must be identified. Each operating location is
responsible for establishing, communicating and implementing
procedures to minimize the risks.
o The pump operator must be able to see the main treating line pressure
or be able to communicate directly with location personnel that can see
the main treating line pressure.
o Adequate lighting must be provided for any night operations.
Well Site Planning and Equipment Placement

• Sprint Job Supervisor must hold a safety meeting with the crew before
moving the equipment into position that addresses, but is not limited to, the
following:
o Review the risks and hazards identified
o Review any hazards for chemicals and flammable materials.
o Review requirements for PPE.
o Identify the positions for the equipment and land guides.
o Review the requirements for the location of fire extinguishers.
o Identify escape routes and assembly point.
o Identify the areas where smoking is permitted (if applicable) and install
“No Smoking” signs.
o Make sure each person understands his or her job assignment during
placement and connection of the equipment.
o Review requirements for pressure testing.
o Identify a safe area for personnel who are not associated with the rig
up.
Note: List below provides a checklist to use on the job site. The Job Supervisor
must review the checklist before the final safety meeting.

print Crew

General Equipment Placement Requirements for Land Operations

o No point of the equipment can be positioned any closer than 20 feet (6
m) of above ground power lines.
o Sprint Supervisor must position equipment to minimize personnel
exposure.
o If any personnel movement is required on top of equipment, like
walking on tanks, then the equipment must be positioned to allow this
activity to be performed safely.
o Equipment must be positioned to allow free movement of personnel.
o To the extent the location allows, position mobile equipment so that,
and in the event of an emergency, equipment can be removed from
location.
o Unless prohibited by location size, place manned equipment upwind or
crosswind from the well and at least 60 feet (20 meters) from the
wellhead.
o Equipment should be spotted in a manner to provide personnel
shielding from potential well and line problems.
o Well killing jobs or blowouts - refer to Pressure Management standard.
This Standard is for well killing and blowouts regarding positioning of
equipment.
o Pumping Combustible and Flammable Fluids - refer to Pumping
Combustible and Flammable Fluids standard. This Standard is
regarding positioning of equipment when pumping combustible or
flammable fluids.
o Pumping energized fluids – refer to Nitrogen and Foam pumping
Standard.
o Cementing operations – location configuration may determine
placement of cementing equipment.
o The control center of the treatment must be located so as to minimize
personnel exposure to pumping risks.
o Provisions in the rig up must be made for the isolation and priming of
the pump/s in the event that the pump/s has to be taken off line or put
on line during the treatment.
o When three or more pumping units are connected to a common line or
manifold each pumping unit must be uniquely marked. Each remote
control panel and the associated pumping unit must have the same
marking; this marking must be distinctly visible to personnel on
location.
• Suction and Discharge Hoses rigup

o Hose Specifications; Use only hoses for suction (hard) and discharge
(soft) that meet the performance specifications as Shown below:
• The suction hose are 28 inches of mercury vacuum (1 bar) and
100psi pressure rating.
• For the blender discharge hose are 100 psi WP with a 5:1 safety
factor.
o Do not use hard suction hoses on the discharge side of any centrifugal
pump. Hard hoses are to be used only for suction.
o Use hose covers on all discharge hoses when pumping burnable
fluids, acid or other hazardous materials
o Do not use hard suction hoses to pneumatically transfer dry bulk
materials. Use a discharge hose.
o Do not connect a hose to any positive displacement pump. If the rig
must supply mud or water through a positive displacement pump, use
2-inch treating iron from the rig pump to Sprint unit.
o Do not use canvas or fire hoses to transfer liquids or for connections to
any centrifugal or positive displacement pump.
o Install a positive shutoff valve between the suction hose and fluid
source.
o On well stimulation jobs, there must be a positive shut off valve on both
ends of each discharge hose connecting the blender to the triplex
pump suction. The positive shutoff valves on any unit such as
blenders, pump truck suction manifolds, or stimulation manifolds
(missiles) meet the requirements.
o When transferring liquids from one tank to another circulating tank, use
the fill line on the receiving tank to discharge fluid. If no fill line is
available on the tank, transferring or circulation should be done
through the opening in the top of the tank. When discharging fluid
through the top of a tank, the discharge hose must be equipped with a
Tee or Elbow on the end.
o Fasten the Tee or Elbow on the end of the hose where it enters the
tank so that the hose is secured. If the hose can not be fastened, use a
length of treating iron connected to the end of the hose that extends
down into the tank.
o Make the discharge hose/s from the blender to the pumps as short as
possible. This will improve the flow of fluid to the pump/s. If there is
restriction (excessive hose length) of the flow of fluids to the pump, the
pump will be “starved” (pump cavitation) thereby causing excessive
movement of the treating lines and potential damage to the pump.

o When planning the job, allow for a maximum rate of 8 bpm for each
discharge hose. If the pump rate is greater than the parameters listed
above or if the delivery line is more than 20 feet, use more than one
hose.
.
• High Pressure Rig up
This section describes rig up of the treating line from the pump to the wellhead.
This standard applies to all services. Additional requirements for the use of N2
are included in the Nitrogen (N2 ) Operations Standard..
Approved Treating Equipment

Sprint approved treating iron is Anson integral 1502 and 2002 treating iron.
The treating equipment must be inspected / tested as manufacturer testing and
inspection procedures (attached).
Standard piping and connections are used to move fluids from the pumper to
the well head. This includes flange-by-flange connection, flanged flow cross or
flanged flow tee for coiled tubing operations.
For pumping operations the well head adapters will be a variety of connections
that incorporate the
use of tubing threads, casing threads, regular “V” threads or flanges back to an
approved Anson union
(2 inch or 3 inch 1502 or 2002; 4 inch Fig 1002). This standard requires that all
of these adapters be
of integral construction.
Threaded Connection manufacturing technique is not approved for

service.
There are other situations where Sprint uses a variety of thread forms to
manufacture treating connections. Some of these are:
• Cement head construction
• Service lines on land rigs can be used if they have a rating of 10,000 psi
(69,000 kpa) WP or higher.
• Coflexip hose can be used on the rig floor instead of treating iron.
Approved connections:
1”, 1.5”, 2”, & 3” (15kpsi) Treating Iron & Connection Anson.
2” & 3” (20k) Treating Iron & Connections Anson
Casing Swages Anson and IRI

Cement Heads IRI, Argus, UIE **

Cement Quick Coupler IRI
Relief Valves (spring or gas operated) Anson
Tubing Swage Anson
Choke Nipple Anson
Dart Check Valves Anson
Flapper Check Valves Anson
Hoses used on the discharge of the triplex Coflexip
Well head connections (Flange to Flange) API approved machine shop
Never give Sprint treating equipment to the rig or customer.
Never rent Sprint treating equipment to the rig or client without an

Associated Sprint service.
Sprint Approved Wellhead Adapters:

There will be situations where wellhead connections, flange to flange or
flanged flow crosses, will be required on a local basis. In these situations there
are API approved machine shops that can provide this equipment if they can
meet the following requirements.
• The company must be able to prove that it has a current API
certification.
• All parts will have to be serialized with a unique number and attached
in such a manner that it will be permanent.
• The part must be marked such that the manufacturer can be identified.
• The part must be traceable as to its material of construction.
The company must be able to prove the design will meet API 6a requirements.
Specialty connections can be obtained on an Area basis through Anson. The
system has been set up to facilitate the use of a locally approved Anson
machine shop to make approved change over connections.
Requirements for suppliers of rental iron

Rental iron may be used only if the supplier is able to conform to all of the
following:
Must have current documentation that verifies inspection and pressure
testing to working pressure. The testing and inspection timing and
documentation should be within the last twelve months.
Individual connections, pipes and adapters must be serialized with unique
numbers in such a manner that the number is permanently attached and stays
with the connection for the life of the piece.

Rental iron must only use Anson 1502 unions.

All pieces must be integral connections
Other Connections:
• Wells without trees can be treated through casing or tubing adapters.
The adapter must be purchased from approved suppliers.
• The actual treating pressure limit on a given well will be determined by
the pressure rating of the wellhead and / or casing/tubing in the well.
• Frac crosses are often used to rig-up on wells without a tree. In order
for the frac cross to be attached to the well valve, tubing or casing
there will be a change over connection threaded into the frac cross.
The change over will be an acme thread by whatever tubular thread is
required. This is NOT considered a threaded connection.
• Any connection to the wellhead with an integral change over to the
tubing thread must be evaluated as to its API rated working pressure.
API 8RD and buttress connections to a maximum diameter of 7 inches
are not to be used on treatments exceeding 10,000 PSI, or on
energized or flammable fluids at pressures over 5,000 PSI.
• To treat a well at a pressure over 10,000 PSI or over 5,000 PSI with
energized or flammable fluids the connection to the wellhead must be
a flanged adapter back to a 1502 union connection (for 1 ½ inch, 2
inch or 3 inch treating line)
• Caution must be taken when treating through schedule 40 or schedule
80 NPT thread connections. This includes line pipe connections made
to the annulus or casing. The line pipe thread can be damaged by
vibration of the treating lines. These connections must be properly
supported to reduce the fatigue damage to the thread. The allowable
maximum pressure for this type connection will be the lesser of 5,000
PSI or the rated working pressure of the connection or line pipe. This
type connection is not approved for pumping flammable or energized
fluids.
Unacceptable Treating Equipment

• Welded connections
• High-pressure connections or components are to never be modified or
repaired at the operating location through the use of welding. Never
weld any identification numbers on components such cement heads, or
casing swages, etc.
• Treating equipment that is not in compliance with Test Procedures for
High Pressure Treating connections.

• Treating equipment from suppliers other than Anson and above listed
• Types and configurations of treating equipment not listed above
Flow Rate Specifications of Treating Equipment

The maximum pumping rates through treating lines are as follows:
Size (OD) Max. Working Pressure Max. Flow Rate
1-1/2” 15,000 psi (103,500 kpa) 4.5 bpm (0.72 CUBIC M/m)
2” 20,000 psi (138,000 kpa) 4.5 bpm (0.72 CUBIC M/m)
2” 15,000 psi (103,500 kpa) 8.5 bpm (1.35 CUBIC M/m)
3” 15,000 psi (103,500 kpa) 20 bpm (3.18 CUBIC M/m)
If these rates are exceeded, the treating iron will wear at a faster rate. These
rates are based on a maximum velocity of 45 feet per second (14 meters per
second).
Refer Nitrogen (N2) Operations for the maximum rates to pump pure N2.
Positive Displacement Pump Discharge Connections

• Rates are limited as stated above for all positive displacement pump
discharge configurations.
• When a cement pump unit with a threaded manifold is used on well
stimulation jobs of less than 10,000 psi (69,000 kpa), use a double-
wing Chiksan or integral double-wing changeover (if necessary) at the
pump manifold discharge. This procedure allows a check valve to be
installed in the correct direction in the treating line.
• For jobs that use pressures at more than 10,000 psi (69,000 kpa), the
threaded manifold must be disconnected and a standard leadoff
Chiksan installed on the fluid end. Cement units with integral manifolds
can be operated at 15,000 psi (103,500 kpa), with appropriate fluid
end.
Well Head Rig Up

• Treating iron is designed to pump with wings to the well. This
configuration reduces wear in the ball race of Chiksans. All jobs must
be rigged up with the wings facing the well.
• Make sure that treating lines are flexible and can move during the
treatment. Install swivel joints to make a bridge that allows the line to
move without stiffness. Any change in elevation requires a 3 chiksan
configuration.

• Any change in direction requires a double chiksan configuration

(bridge).
• All treating lines must be supported and stabilized.
• Treating iron that is used as a standpipe on a rig, from the ground to
the rig floor, must be as close to vertical as possible and secured at the
rig floor.
• Treating iron that is used as a standpipe on a rig from the floor up must
be secured every 20 feet to the derrick legs.
• The air hoist or chains must support treating iron and loops from the rig
floor to the well connection in the derrick.
• Each pump must have a working pressure transducer.
• Every line, except when used in a non-foamed cement operations,
must have a check valve installed as close to the well as possible. This
check valve must be placed on the ground ensuring that the direction
of the arrow on the check valve is toward the well. You must use a
flapper type check valve (made by Enson) when pumping slurries
and/or solids.
• Use a Grant dart type check valve to pump fluids that are free of solids.
This check valve must be installed on all N2 lines.
• A bleed-off assembly must be installed in the main treating line on all
jobs
• The wellhead must be closed during the bleed-off operation.
• Flow back occurs any time the bleed line is opened with the well open.
• The bleed-off assembly must be installed directly on the wellhead, or
on the main treating line as close to the wellhead as possible. If the
bleed line is installed on the main treating line, use a Tee to begin the
line. The Tee is installed on the wellhead side of the check valve.
• The bleed-off line must have 2 each 1” x 2” hammer valves followed by
a fixed choke followed by a minimum of at least one joint of straight
pipe (4 foot or more).
• Do not use an adjustable choke on bleed off lines
• Do not use anything larger than a 1/2-inch choke for water-based
fluids, and a 1/4-inch choke when energized fluids or gases flow back.
• The bleed-off line must be secured and cannot contain Chiksans
(swivels). There must be a stake behind the tee.
• If a turn must be made in the line use a tee (or lateral) and blanking
plug.
• The end of the bleed line must be open-ended

• Minimum requirements for securing (staking) the bleed off line or the
flow back line are as follows:
a). Non-energized fluids – minimum of one stake behind the Tee plus a
minimum of one set of stakes used in pairs crossed over the bleed or
flow line. Additional pairs of stakes installed every 20 feet with the last
set at the very end of the line. For each pair of crossed stakes, secure
the top of stakes together with a metal ring, chain or cable.
b). Energized fluids - minimum of one stake behind the Tee plus at
least one set of stakes used in pairs crossed over the bleed or flow
line. Additional pairs of stakes installed every 10 feet. The line must be
secured at the end to a significant anchor. A significant anchor could
be a dead man anchor, cement block anchor, rig frame or a truck. For
each pair of crossed stakes, secure the top of stakes together with a
metal ring, chain or cable.
• When bleeding pressure off the main treating line through the Bleed off
line assembly, the valve closest to the main treating line must be
opened first. This valve must be opened fully before using the 2nd
valve (closest to the choke) to regulate the bleed off. The 2nd valve
must be opened slowly until fully opened to ensure the bleed off line is
going to remain stable.
• Do not stand directly over the valves or lines when bleed off operations
are taking place. The bleed off valves must be pointed away from
personnel and equipment.
• For jobs where it is required to lay iron to the rig floor, use a long joint
from the ground to the rig floor so that if a union leaks it is reachable
either from the ground or the rig floor. The best practice is not to have
a union between the ground and rig floor that can not be reached from
the ground. The top of the long joint must be secured to the rig floor.
Wellhead Connections
• The pressure on the wellhead above the christmas tree master valve
must be released by the client prior to rig up.
• All personnel in the area must be advised that the wellhead or casing
is about to be bled down before the operation is started. Personnel
must stay away from the bleed down
• Sprint personnel can install treating adapters and flanges on the
wellhead without the customer on location, if the customer wellhead
valves are closed and there is prior authorization from the client to
proceed.

• The wellhead master valve must be rated at or above the pressure on

the well and not be leaking.
• Sprint personnel must not attempt to make a connection to the top of a
wellhead if the master valve is leaking.
• For offshore operations, the only approved hose for performing
treatments is the Coflexip hose.
• Before installing a valve or other treating connections the Job
Supervisor must check the WP (working pressure) rating of the
wellhead valves and fittings. If the rating is not marked on the
equipment, the Job Supervisor must get the information from the
customer before proceeding.
• The WP (working pressure) of the wellhead and/or treating iron must
be not be exceeded.
• Before making the connection to the well head ensure that all threads,
ring joint grooves and ring joint seal rings are clean and in a usable
condition.
• As a best practice use a flange connection to the wellhead whenever
possible.
• Any connection to the wellhead with an integral change over to the
tubing thread must be evaluated as to its API rated working pressure.
• API 8RD and buttress connections to a maximum diameter of 7 inches
are not to be used on treatments exceeding 10,000 PSI, or on
energized or flammable fluids at pressures over 5,000 PSI.
• To treat a well at a pressure over 10,000 PSI or over 5,000 PSI with
energized or flammable fluids the connection to the wellhead must be
a flanged adapter back to a 1502 union connection (for 1 ½ inch, 2
inch or 3 inch treating line)
• Caution must be taken when treating through schedule 40 or schedule
80 NPT thread connections. This includes line pipe connections made
to the annulus or casing. The line pipe thread can be damaged by
vibration of the treating lines. These connections must be properly
supported to reduce the fatigue damage to the thread. The allowable
maximum pressure for this type connection will be the lesser of 5,000
PSI or the rated working pressure of the connection or line pipe. This
type connection is not approved for pumping flammable or energized
fluids.
• There must be a master valve on the well before connecting any other
equipment.

• If a single master valve is used a second control valve must be

installed in the line on the ground between the pumps and the bleed
line.
• Double valves or an integral wellhead must be used on all jobs over
10,000 PSI and for all flammable and energized jobs over 5,000 PSI.
• For all jobs over 10,000 PSI one master valve must be remote
controlled.
• Chiksan loops and swivels joints are to be used in making connections
from the standpipe to the rig floor to the cement head.
• A loop is considered as two chiksan swivel joints.
• For rig-ups using many loops (such as rigging up high in the derrick)
both chiksan swivel joints on the loop closest to the standpipe or mud
line must be completely on the floor.
• Any rig up that has the weight of two or more loops suspended from
the cement head or drill pipe connection requires that the rig air hoist
be used to lift and support the weight of the treating iron.
• Weight in excess of two loops should not be suspended from the
cement head or drill pipe connection. The air hoist cable should be
attached in a position that takes the weight off the lead chiksan swivel
joint but still allows flexibility in the iron rig-up during pipe movement.
• If the customer uses a cement head other than a Sprint provided head,
the responsibility for high pressure connections end at the customer
supplied head.
• The cement head and leadoff Chiksan must be fastened to the
elevators with a safety sling
Positive Displacement Pumps

Always prime the pumps before pumping to prevent cavitation and stress on
the treating line. Pumps that are not correctly primed can cause the burst discs
in the pumps to fail and damage and/or shorten the pump life.
• Before priming the pumps, make sure that all equipment is connected,
including all monitoring equipment.
• pumps are to be properly primed before testing lines and going down
hole.
• The Job Supervisor or one designated employee must operate all
valves.
• Personnel not required for priming pumps must leave the area near the
high-pressure pumps and treating lines.

• Use radio communication between the pump operators, valve

operators, and supervisors.
• The wellhead master valve must be closed.
• Use water-based fluids to prime the pumps.
• On jobs where oil-base fluids are used, the crude oil/diesel can be
used to prime pumps. If a pump is primed again during the job, the
treating fluid must be used.
• Each pump must have a prime up return line. This line can flow to a
tank. You can use treating iron or a 2-inch 2,500-psi
• A valve must be installed on the end of the hose. If the hose enters a
tank, the end of the hose must be fastened in position.
• If you use a hose to wash the line on cement jobs, the hose must be
held in position with a chain.
• If the fluid must circulate back to a tank through a line with a butterfly
valve, the valve handle must be secured in the open position. All
personnel are to be made aware that this butterfly valve is not to be
closed without the Supervisor’s permission. Lockout/tagout procedures
must be used.
Prime up Procedure for Stimulation Pumpers

• Insure that the overpressure shutdown system functions properly by
manually tripping.
• Set the overpressure shutdown at 1000 psi
• Make sure that the wellhead valve/s are closed.
• Make sure that the valves on the main line bleed/return line are open.
• Make sure the isolation valve from the pump to the main treating line is
opened.
• Open the 4-inch discharge hose valves to the pump. If more than one
discharge hose is connected, make sure all discharge hoses valves
are open.
• The pressurizing line pressure must be kept at a minimum pressure of
80-psi (560 kpa). If a centrifugal charge pump is used, operate the
charge pump at maximum pressure.
• Start the engine of the pump unit.
• Run the engine at “IDLE” speed and select the highest gear. If the
pump does not rotate at idle speed, DO NOT MOVE THE THROTTLE.
Stop the engine for the pump unit. Find and correct the problem.
• Allow the pump to rotate at idle speed for approximately 1 minute to
remove air from the line.

• Release the air from the pulsation dampener.

• Slowly increase the speed of the pump while in the highest gear.
Increase the rate to 3 bpm for pumps to a maximum diameter of 3-3/4
inches, and 5 bpm for 4 ½ and 5-inch pumps, and 8 bpm for pumps
with a diameter larger than 5 inches. DO NOT EXCEED 1000 PSI.
• Continue pumping for 2 minutes or until a steady stream of fluid is
obtained.
• Make sure that the pump is primed by monitoring the blender
discharge pressure and the suction hose pulsation. The pressure must
not change. If there is a change in pressure, continue to prime the
pump.
• When the pump is primed, move the throttle to the “IDLE” position and
return the pump to the “NEUTRAL” position. Maintain pressurize
pressure.
• Stop the pump.
• Close the pump isolation valve.
• After all pumps are primed, open the pump isolation valves to the main
treating line and close the bleed line near the wellhead.
Prime up Procedure for Cementing Pumpers

• Make sure the return line to the displacement tank is open.
• Start the engines and allow them to become warm.
• The pumps must be left in neutral gear. Open the pressure feed lines
to the pumps and run the PRESSURIZER PUMP at the maximum
output rate. Make sure there are fluid returns in the displacement tank.
Make sure both pumps are filled using this method.
• Reduce engine to idle speed.
• Close the pressure feed lines and open the gravity feed lines to the
pumps.
• Priming the Triplex Pumps using Gravity Feed
• Place the first pump in high gear at idle speed. Make sure there are
fluid returns in the displacement tank.
• Increase the Triplex pump rate to 3 bpm Continue pumping until you
have a smooth return of the fluids. Return the pump to neutral gear
and run the engine at idle speed. Repeat this procedure for the second
pump.
• Open feed lines to the pumps.
• Start with one triplex pump. Put it at idle and highest gear.

• Make sure there are fluid returns in the displacement tank. Increase
the pump rate to 3 bpm (0.5 CUBIC M/min.) and run the engine at a
fast enough speed to operate the hydraulic system.
• Continue pumping until you have a smooth return of fluids. Return the
pump to neutral gear. Keep the engine speed at the same rpm.
• Place the second pump in high gear at idle speed. Make sure there are
fluid returns in the displacement tank. Increase the pump rate to 3 bpm
(0.5 CUBIC M/min.). Continue pumping until you have a smooth return
of fluids. Return the pump to neutral gear. Run both engines at idle
speed.
• Prime each pump through the mixing equipment.
Pressure test of Wellhead and treating lines

• Before testing the lines, discuss the line test pressure and the pressure
limits with the customer.
• Test all treating lines and connections at a pressure that exceeds the
maximum allowed on the job.
• A general “Rule of Thumb” is to test lines to 1000 psi above maximum
allowed treating pressure or working pressure of treating iron system,
whichever is lower.
• You must pressure test and record the results before starting a job.
• Use water to pressure test, except for the following conditions.
For CO2 jobs, use N2.
For N2 jobs, use N2 if there is no water on the site.
For drilling rigs with only oil-based mud available, pressure testing
can be done with oil based mud.
• The rated working pressure of the treating line connections is not to be
exceeded during the pressure test.
• The rated working pressure of the treating line connections must not
be exceeded during the treatment.
• The working pressure of the wellhead MUST NOT be exceeded during
the pressure test. If necessary, pressure test against the Sprint master
valve on the wellhead.
• Make sure that the pump/s are primed and all the air is removed from
the system before pressure testing.
• Always test the wellhead and customer master valve. This test checks
the final connection of the Sprint equipment to the customer
equipment. If the customer valve does not hold the internal pressure,
the customer must give approval before continuing with the treatment.
The customer approval must be recorded on the Treatment Report.
• Never start any treatment if there is an external leak on the wellhead or

connections.
• Use the following procedure for pressure testing the wellhead and
treating lines. If a leak occurs during any stage of the procedures listed
below, shut down all pumps, bleed off lines, and repair leaks.
• Insure that the customer wellhead master valve is closed and then
open the Sprint master valve on the wellhead. After all pumps are
primed, insure that all valves in all the discharge lines are open from
the pumps to the well
• Move all personnel to a safe area. Install signs marked “DANGER -
HIGH-PRESSURE AREA - KEEP CLEAR”. All persons doing the
pressure test must use radio communication.
• Ensure that the pump overpressure shutdowns are functioning properly
by manual actuation. The overpressure shutdowns on all pumps must
be set at the required test pressure.
• Apply 25%-50% of final pressure to the lines. Inspect for any leaks. If
there are no leaks, slowly increase the pressure in the line to the final
test pressure. Use one of the following approaches when pressure
testing lines. The approach to be used will depend upon the type of
pump unit used to test lines. These procedures are intended for use
with automatic transmissions.
Double Pump Cementers, Combos, and “Older” Stimulation units
without instant neutral capability.
1. Maintain engine speed at idle rpm's.
2. Place transmission in highest gear.
3. Let pressure increase until pressure test limit is met or pump
stalls out, whichever is first.
4. If pump stalls out before pressure test limit is reached, shift
to next gear down while engine remains at idle speed.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until pressure test limit is reached.
Newer Model Stimulation Pumpers with instant neutral capability
1. Maintain engine speed at idle rpm's.
2. Engage “Instant Neutral” switch.
3. Place transmission in first gear.
4. Engage the transmission using the Instant Neutral Switch
allowing the pressure to rise gradually.

6. If pump stalls out before pressure test limit is reached,

engage Instant Neutral and slowly increase throttle.
7. Engage the transmission using the Instant Neutral Switch
allowing the pressure to rise gradually to test pressure limit or
until the pump stalls out.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 until the pressure test limit is reached.
• Service Supervisor must inspect the lines and pumps for any leaks.
• Keep other personnel away from the area.
• If there is a leak, all pumps must be stopped. Release the pressure
from the bleed line that is located between the check valve and the
well head.
• After the repairs are completed, the pumps must be primed again. The
individual that is responsible for line bleed off must notify the Service
Supervisor that the valves are open and both must agree that the
pressure on the line is completely bled off before repairs can be
started.
• If the pressure does not change and there are no leaks, the stabilized
test pressure must remain on the lines and recorded for a minimum of
1 minute.
• When the line test is complete, decrease the line pressure until it is
equal to the wellhead pressure and open the wellhead master valve.
Note: After initially applying the test pressure to the treating lines and
shutting down the pumps, it is possible that a decrease in pressure may
occur without visible leaks. If this situation occurs, the service Supervisor
can return the pressure to the test pressure. The line test is acceptable
when the pressure stabilizes at the required test pressure and more than
the treating pressure for a minimum of 1 minute.
PRE–JOB Safety Meeting

A safety meeting MUST be held at the job site after all the equipment is
connected and just before the job is started. The purpose of this meeting is to
make sure that all Customer and Sprint personnel understand job and safety
procedures and responsibilities. As a minimum, the checklist below must be
reviewed and completed.
Normal Shutdown
• Check the levels of fluid in the tanks. Never run the pumps under
pressure without liquid.

• For a single-pump unit and cement job, reduce the pump rate near the
end of the job. Reduce the engine rpm and move the gearshift levers
on the pumps to the “neutral” position and let the engine cool.
• Close the suction valves on tanks after pumps have stopped.
• Shutdown each and every equipment.
• Close the master valve on the wellhead and release the pressure in
the treating lines as soon as possible.
• For well stimulation jobs that use two or more pumps the following
procedure must be followed when you reach the maximum treating
pressure or when you reach the end of the job:
The Service Supervisor must advise operators for the pumps and
blender that the treatment is near end of job.
Do not use the overpressure shut down to stop the units.
When the pumps are stopped, the feeding C-pumps can be stopped
and the tank valves closed.
Emergency Shutdown
In the case of a well-site emergency or risk to personnel such as fire, H2S, etc.
use the following procedures:
Activate the emergency kill switches to stop the engines.
Evacuate personnel from the location to the pre-designated safety
muster area.
For jobs using energized fluids, if the emergency situation does not
allow bleeding the lines off before leaving location, be aware that the
lines can have a significant pressure increase over time due to
energized fluid expansion created from heat.
After an evacuation and the location is safe for our personnel, an
assigned team can return to secure the equipment and location. Well
control is the responsibility of the client.
If the treating pressure increases quickly, the overpressure shutdowns
on the pump units or in the control room will stop the pumps. These
safety systems must work on all pump units.
Release of Pressure Through Sprint Equipment.

Well Treating Pressure Release. Bleed-off is defined as releasing
pressure from the treating lines with the wellhead closed.
Flowback occurs any time the bleed line is opened with the well open.
The customer is responsible for the control and flowback of well bore
fluids and gasses through their surface production equipment.

When Sprint equipment is required for flowback, follow the procedures

in following section (Flow of Wells Through Sprint Equipment)
Do not flow, circulate or let any fluid return from a well into any Sprint
tank.
On cement jobs, you can release treating fluid or casing test pressure
after the plug hits the collar or when you reach final squeeze pressure.
Use the following procedure to release pressure from the treating line
through the bleed line:
o Close the customer master valve on the wellhead.
o Fully open the first valve or “master valve” on the bleed line
located between the check valve and the wellhead on the
treating line.
o Slowly open the second valve (“control valve”) in the bleed line
until the valve is open all the way and the pressure is reduced
across the choke.
o Do not use anything larger than a 1/2- inch (12.7 mm) choke
for water-based fluids, and a 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) choke when
energized fluids or gases flow back.
o When the pressure is released from the treating line through
the bleed line or at the correct level, close the “control valve”,
and then close the “master” valve.
o Open the “control” valve again to release the pressure
between the valves.
o See Figure in following page for detailed bleed line rig up.
When Sprint equipment remains on the location after a job, you must
make sure that no well fluids or gases are accidentally returned to the
equipment by using the following procedures:
o For well stimulation or pumping jobs, the check valve in the
line must prevent the return of gases and fluids to the
equipment. Make sure the master valve is closed.
o To isolate cementing units from rig service manifolds, the 2-
inch discharge valve on the unit must be closed. The 1-inch
return valves to the displacement tank must be open at all
times except when controlled by a Sprint employee.
o Make sure that the pressure is released from the service line
after a pumping operation and before closing the discharge
valve.


Well Flow back Through Sprint Equipment.

Flow back occurs any time the bleed line is opened with the well open.
In the following cases, the customer may request Sprint to flow back
well fluids through Sprint equipment:
o Flow back through any line should be limited to release of well
pressure after a screen out.
o Well testing and flaring should never be done with Sprint
treating line.
o Any well testing or flaring must be done according to Testing
Standards through proper testing manifolds.
o Limited flow during coiled tubing treatments. These procedures
are described in Coiled Tubing Safety Standard (located in this
document) for Coiled Tubing Operations.
o Supply of treating iron to connect the well to customer surface
production equipment and the use of a gravel / returns
collection vessel. These operations are described in the
following section.
Use of a Gravel / Returns Collection Vessel

A gravel / returns collection vessel is a vessel that has an open top and
a removable screen. There is an inlet, which allows for the controlled
flow into the vessel from the squeeze manifold.
The screen container collects the returned gravel and the fluid is
allowed to flow from the lower drain line in the bottom of the vessel.
Use this vessel only on sand control jobs to collect the returned gravel.
The open top of the vessel allows any gas to release into the
atmosphere. The vessel must be connected downwind from any
ignition sources. The vessel can be mounted on top of the mud or fluid
tanks.
If other Sprint equipment are installed within 60 feet (20 meters) of the
vessel, install a combustible gas meter on the Sprint pumping unit.
The flowback treating iron must be based on standards, approved,
inspected, and tested according to Testing and Inspection Standard for
High Pressure Treating Connections.
Paint all flowback treating iron yellow. Flowback treating iron must only
be used for flowback services. This iron can not be placed in any
treating line until inspected again and repainted
The flowback treating iron must be stored in a separate area away
from all other treating iron.

The flowback treating iron is limited to straight joints, tees, solid plugs,
positive chokes and laterals.
The flowback line must be installed as close to the wellhead
connection as possible to prevent flow back through the main treating
line. If available, connect the flowback line to the wellhead side arm
valves.
RIG DOWN After Job Ends

Before you start to work on the treating line, make sure all pressure is released
and there is no pressure in treating lines.
Before disassembly, flush all treating lines with water to remove corrosive
materials and flammable or combustible fluids.
Pumping through Hoses.

The Parker Hannifin hose will be used as a substitute for treating loops
when making an elevation change from the stand pipe to the
connection on the well (See figure next page)
The DAYCO hose will be used only on the cement pump truck.
In all applications of pressure pumping through a hose, both ends of
the hose must be connected before pumping can start.
Under no circumstances are these hoses to be used for high-pressure
wash up of equipment.
There are three classes of hose that are approved for use in high-
pressure applications:
(1) Coflexip hose
(2) DAYCO hose used only on the cement pump truck
(3) A polyurethane covered steel braided hose manufactured by Parker
Hannifin Corporation, Polyflex Operation.
The following sections deal with the application of the Parker Hannifin
Polyflex hoses (item 3 above).


The only polyurethane hose approved for high pressure pumping are those
listed below
1" Single Hose Assemblies

Features Length
Working Pressure 10,000 psi 25 ft
Max. Pump Rate 2.5 bpm 50 ft
Weight per Foot 1.25 lb/ft. 75 ft
Min. Bend Radius 1 ft 100 ft.
2" Single Hose Assemblies:

Features Length
Working Pressure 10,000 psi 25 ft.
Max. Pump Rate 8.0 bpm 50 ft.
Weight per Foot 6.0 lb./ft. 75 ft.
Min. Bend Radius 4 ft. 100 ft.
Approved supplier for the polyurethane covered steel braided hose

manufactured by Parker Hannifin:
Parker Hannifin Corporation Telephone: 281-530-5300
Polyflex Operation Fax: 281-530-5353
12840 Sugar Ridge Boulevard Email: hstone@parker.com
Stafford, Texas 77477 mguidry@parker.com
Hose must have, support grips (containment grips), heavy duty abrasion
cover on the 1" hose and the color guard abrasion coating on the 2" hose.
The Parker Hannifin Polyflex hose is approved for use in the following
services or with the listed fluids:
o Cementing Services
o Acid Services
o 28% HCL and lower concentrations
o Acetic acid
o Ethylene Glycol
o Methanol
o Toluene
o Xylene
o Mud Acid (12-3)
o Mutual Solvents

Do not flow back through the hose. It is expressly forbidden to pump or

flow back any gas (N2/CO2/NG) or energized fluids through the hose.
Pressure test the treating line with the hose to 1000 psi over maximum
treating pressure, not to exceed a maximum pressure of 10,000 psi.
The pressure test is to be done before the commencing of pumping on
each job.
The hose is approved for use as a replacement for loops only. The
hose can also be rigged up in the derrick from the standpipe to the well
connection, cement head, etc. The hose cannot be used to serve as a
standpipe from the ground to the rig floor.
The only application where the hose is approved to make changes in
elevation from the ground to the rig floor is in association with the
cementing unit.
When transporting the hose on the cementing unit, position it on the
truck such that the road vibration will not cause wear to the outer cover
All Parker Hannifin Polyflex hoses are to be inspected as follows:
o After Each Job
All Parker Hannifin Polyflex hoses are to be visually
inspected after every treatment
If the outer abrasion cover is penetrated such that the
hose is exposed, the hose will be removed from
service and returned to Parker-Hannifin for repair.
If the polyurethane cover of the hose is damaged or
any wire braid is showing, the hose is to be removed
from service immediately.
If the hose body is deformed, flattened or bent beyond
the minimum bend radius, the hose will be destroyed
or returned to the supplier for repair.
The "Containment Grips" on each end of the hose are
to be inspected. If the grips can no longer function to
restrict the movement of the hose in the event an
adapter connection were to break, the hose needs to
be removed from service.
o Each six months
Check the hose end ID for any visual signs of wear to
the internal covering. If there are any signs of
deterioration to the hose end adapter or the liner that
is visible, the hose must be removed from service
immediately.

Look specifically for signs of acid corrosion on the ID

of the adapter.
The hose is to be pressured tested to 10,000 psi held
for 3 minutes. If the hose has any leaks through the
cover or at the crimped end fittings the hose is to be
taken out of service immediately. It will either be
destroyed or returned to the supplier for repair if
possible.
o Annual Inspection
Follow the annual Testing and Inspection standard of
testing treating equipment.
DAYCO hose that is used on the Cementing unit (This hose must only be
used on pump units with less then 3500 psi max pressure)
Features Length
Working Pressure *: 5000 PSI 120 ft
Max. Pump Rate 7 bpm
Weight per Foot 4.76 lb./ft.
Minimum Bend Radius 25 inches
The ONLY approved supplier for the high-pressure Dayco hose is:
Fluid Specialties/Aberdeen Dynamics

One South 109th East Place
Tulsa, Oklahoma 74128
DAYCO hose is approved for use in the following services or with the listed
fluids:
o Cement and cementing additives
o Acid Services:
o 28% HCl Acid and lower concentrations
o Regular Mud Acid
o S101 and S100 Corrosion Inhibitors
o Mutual Solvent up to 5%
The DAYCO hose IS NOT APPROVED for with the following :
o Xylene
o Diesel
o Gas Well Acid
o Nitrogen
o Toluene
o Solvent

All DAYCO hoses are to be inspected as follows:

o After Each Job
All DAYCO hoses are to be visually inspected after every
treatment
If the hose body is deformed, flattened, or bent beyond the
minimum bend radius, the hose will be destroyed or
returned to the supplier for repair.
If there is any bubbling of the polyethylene outer covering,
the hose can no longer be used on any treatments, and
must be replaced. This indicates that the inner liner has
been compromised and fluid is being forced through the
wire braiding.
Over time the polyethylene outer covering may wear off
and expose the wire braiding. This is an acceptable
condition ONLY if the first layer of wire braiding has not
been damaged. If the first layer of wire braiding is
damaged, and the second layer of wire braiding is
exposed, the hose must be replaced.
o Each six months
Review the amount of pumping hours through each hose.
After 1200 total pumping hours are logged on the high-
pressure DAYCO hose(s), the hose(s) are to be retired
and shipped back to the approved supplier for inspection.
If a hose(s) is being used with any hydrocarbon-based
fluid, such as oil-based mud, the hose(s) can only be used
for 170 total pumping hours before retirement.
To effectively inspect the treating hose, un-spool the hose
from the reel, and spread it over a flat surface.
Check each hose end ID for any visual signs of wear to the
internal covering. Shine a flashlight inside the hose. If
there is any indication of deterioration to the hose end
crimped hub or the inner liner, the hose must be removed
from service immediately. Look specifically for signs of
erosion and corrosion on the ID of the crimped hubs.
Each hose is to be pressure tested to 5,000 psi and held
for 5 minutes. If the hose has any leaks through the cover
or at the crimped hub fittings, the hose is to be taken out of
service immediately.
Ensure the seal rubber in the 1502 connection is in good
condition.

No rig up will impart torque on the DAYCO hose or the Parker-Hannifin

hose. Use 3 way swivel joints in the rig up to allow the hose to rotate freely
Do not lay the hose over the edge of the platform or sharp corners.
Conventional iron must be used when going over edges or sharp corners.
Each end of the hose will be secured to the treating line by attaching
the hose containment grip to a clamp

Well Head Connections Type

This Safety Standard outlines specific rules and procedures that shall be
followed at all locations that involve pumping/handling of N2 and foam pumping
operations.
The objective of this standard is to prevent injury to employees and third party
personnel and damage to equipment involved with Nitrogen (N2) Pumping
Operations.
Scope
This Standard must be followed for all Nitrogen (N2) wellsite operations.
Additional standards must be followed if they apply. This Standard is in addition
to the General Well Site and pumping Standard which must also be complied
with.
This Standard is the minimum required by Sprint. If Clients or regulatory
agencies have additional standards they are to be followed as long as they
meet or exceed this minimum requirement.
Policy
This policy requires that all Nitrogen (N2) well site operations comply with this
Standard. Exemptions will be approved only if:
• It is not possible to follow this Standard.
• The job can be performed safely.
Responsibility
• Line Managers have the following responsibilities:
o Compliance to this Standard.
o Supply the correct equipment, maintenance and training necessary
to allow employees to comply with this Standard.
o Apply for an exemption in cases where a deviation from this
Standard.
• Sales personnel have the following responsibilities:
o Know and understand this Standard and all other Operating and
HSE Standards.
o Design and sell jobs that conform to all Standard
o Ensure that the customer understands that all jobs must be done in
compliance with these safety standards.
• The Job Supervisors have the following responsibilities:

o Ensure that all employees and contractors at the site work in

compliance with this standard.
o Take appropriate action, up to and including terminating the job, if
unacceptable risks exist.
• All Operating employees have these responsibilities:
o Read and understand this Standard.
o Comply with this Standard.
o Recognize and reduce to the extent possible safety risks
associated with the operation.
Rules On Location
All people on location have the responsibility to ensure that all aspects of this
Standard are complied with. If clients require regulations other than this
Standard for Nitrogen (N2) Pumping
Operations, they must be complied with as long as they meet or exceed the
minimum requirements. If customer requirements cause unacceptable risks to
Sprint Oil & Gas Services personnel and/or
equipment, the Job Supervisor has the authority and responsibility to stop the
job and inform management.
The following general rules on location for pumping nitrogen are in addition to
the general rules on location found in General Well Site and pumping Standard
• Personnel Safety
• Minimize the exposure of personnel to operating equipment, treating lines,
wellhead, and chemicals.
• The Minimum Personal Protective Equipment (in addition to PPE required
in the General Well Site and pumping Standard required when N2 is
pumped downhole, transferred, or any time personal contact with liquid
nitrogen is possible is listed below.
o Leather gloves or insulated plastic gloves
o Long sleeves
o Face shields
• Liquid nitrogen on your skin or in your eyes will immediately freeze the
tissue and cause a severe burn. Immediate medical treatment is
necessary. Liquid nitrogen’s temperature is minus 320° F (-0196° C) and
therefore causes severe tissue damage (burns). Personnel must avoid
contact with N2 leaks and must not work under any area where liquid N2is
pumped.

• If a person is exposed to Liquid N2 the following procedures are to be

followed:
o Immediately flush with warm water for at least 5 minutes – DO
NOT TOUCH THE SKIN
o Get immediate medical attention after flushing the exposed area
with warm water.
• Use communicator headsets on all nitrogen jobs. The Job Supervisor must
have communication with the Supervisors in charge of the N2 side, the N2
Pump Operators, and the Supervisor in charge of the N2 Operations.
Wellsite Pre-Planning And Placement of

Equipment
Follow the General Well Site and pumping Standard for the position and
connection of equipment. Check the wellhead to make sure the working
pressure rating is higher than the maximum pumping pressure on the job,
unless you use a Tree Saver.
Unless prohibited by location size, place Nitrogen equipment at least 60 feet

(20 meters) from the wellhead and other equipment. If location size does not
allow Nitrogen equipment to be placed 60 feet
from the wellhead, equipment should be spotted in a manner to provide
personnel shielding from potential well and line problems.
If manned equipment (eg N2 pump units, transports, etc) cannot be positioned
60 feet from the wellhead or other manned equipment and the expected
treating pressure is above 10,000 psi, an approved exemption documented is
required.
Place open-flame burner N2 pump units crosswind to the well.
Position N2 equipment so that personnel are not exposed to the cold ends of
any pumping equipment.
The control area must be outside on the swing arc of the treating line.
Calculate the distance to allow for the possible failure at either the wellhead or
the pumps. (See Figure1 )
Note: List 1 provided in this document is a checklist to use on the jobsite. The
Job Supervisor must review the checklist before the final safety meeting. This
checklist is in addition to the checklist found in
The General Well Site and pumping Standard.

Connections for N2 Suction Hoses and Transfer Hoses

Use only approved stainless steel braided hose with brass or aluminum
connections. Use brass hammers to connect unions on suction hoses and
transfer hoses.
Suction lines must be kept as short as possible.
When more than one storage tank or transport is used; these tanks must be
connected to a common manifold with an approved suction hose or transfer
hoses and connections. The valve and hose must let
the tanks be filled by one connection from the N2 transport unit at the end of
the manifold.
All nitrogen tanks and connections from the transfer pump or boost pump must
have a pressure relief valve. This relief valve must be set to open at 45 psi on
location and 10 to 15 psi during road transport.
These relief valves must be open to the N2 system at all times and must not be
isolated or removed.
All nitrogen tanks must be equipped with a pressure gauge that can be read
from the control panel.
Make sure all transfer hoses are flushed with gas and are connected to the N2
tank before the liquid supply valve on the tank is opened.
Stop the transfer pump or open the bypass valve to the delivery tank before
closing any valves on the transfer tank. Transfer pumps can reach pressures of
more than the pressure rating of some transfer
valves. Make sure the pump pressure does not exceed the pressure rating of
any part in the system.
Connection of the high pressure discharge line of the N2 pump to the

wellhead
All treating connections in the discharge line must be integral or non-pressure
unions.
All connections must be carefully cleaned and lubricated with lubricating oil
during connection of the equipment.

All N2 pump units must have a fixed check valve on the discharge of the unit.
Note: The Grant dart type check valve is the only approved check valve for N2
service.
The person on the nitrogen side MUST operate the N2 control valve from
instructions by the Job Supervisor. Before this valve is opened or closed, the
Job Supervisor must communicate with the N2
pump operators to make sure they are ready to start.
The pure N2 can be pumped at a rate above the normal maximum of 45 ft/sec
(14 m/sec). The Pure N2 can be pumped at a maximum line velocity of 100
ft/sec (30 m/sec). This speed is equal to the following
equivalent liquid rates for standard treating line sizes:
2-inch treating line: 19 BPM (3020 l/min)
3-inch treating line: 45 BPM (7155 l/min)
4-inch treating line: 100 BPM (14,310 l/min)
Use these rates on the pure N2 pumping lines only.
These rates do not apply when the N2 is mixed with any other treating fluids.
Normal maximum velocity of 45 ft/sec (14 m/sec) applies to all treating lines
carrying any other fluids or solids.
The wellhead and treating line connections must comply with the General Well
Site and pumping Standard
A master valve must be installed on the wellhead. A remote operated valve

must be used when energized fluid is pumped through a Tree Saver.
When other companies are pumping the N2 on a Sprint Oil & Gas Services
treatment, we must supply the integral lateral that connects the N2 line to
Sprint Oil & Gas Services treating line. We must also
supply the N2 control valve on their N2 line. Sprint Job Supervisor must make
sure that the check valve is the correct type, and is correctly installed.
Refer to the General Well Site and pumping Standard for complete details of
rigging up high pressure treating line to the wellhead.
Use the following procedures to connect the N2 pump unit to the main treating
line or wellhead. Begin at the N2 pump unit after the fixed check valve (See
Figure):

• Install a Chiksan beginning at the N2 unit. If the unit is on a truck or trailer,

use a pup joint to reach ground level. If the unit is on a skid, check if you
will need the pup joint.
• Install treating iron to reach the Grant check valve.
• Install a Grant dart type check valve.
• Install a Tee with a support stand. On the vertical connection of the Tee
there must be a 1”x2” plug valve followed by a choke nipple. Figure 3
shows the flow rates through the choke sizes compared to the pressures.
Select the correct size of choke.
• Install straight joints and Chiksans as shown in Figure to reach the plug
valve (N2 control valve)
• Install a plug valve (N2 control valve) as the last item before the lateral on
the main treating line or on the wellhead.
If the line is connected directly to the wellhead, support the weight of the line
on the wellhead connection.
If multiple N2 units are used, each pump must have an isolation valve and
bleed valve assembly.
Install an emergency pressure relief valve when a Venturi flow meter of 1-inch
diameter or less is used in the N2 line. Install the relief valve upstream of the
flow meter on a Tee on a stand to hold the valve in a
vertical position. On the vertical connection there must be a rupture disc sub
and a 4-foot pup joint.
Never use liquid filled Martin Decker pressure gauges on the N2 pump unit
control panels. These gauges must be replaced with an electronic unit.
Procedures to start N2 pumping

• Close the N2 control valve when it is connected into the main treating line,
tubing or wellhead. Do not put any gas or fluid in any lines until ready to
prime the pumps and test the lines
•
• When ready to start the treatment, hold a safety meeting. All Sprint and
other company service crew personnel must attend this meeting.
• For energized fluid jobs, prime the liquid pumps and pressure test the main
treating line to the wellhead. Follow the General Well Site and pumping
Standard for Pressure Pumping. The N2 control valve is closed during the
fluid line pressure test.

• Let the test pressure remain in the main treating line. Keep the N2 control
valve closed.
• Follow procedures to cool the N2 units to operating temperature. Pressure
test N2 lines to a pressure exceeding the maximum treating pressure, but
do not exceed pressure rating of N2 cold ends or working pressure of the
treating connections.
• On multiple pump nitrogen treatments, use one or more units to increase
the pressure to line test pressure. Each N2 pumping unit must be operated
to increase the pressure on that unit to line test
• pressure.
• A designated employee must slowly release the nitrogen line pressure to
match the wellhead pressure.
• The same employee must release the main treating line pressure to match
the wellhead pressure.
• Open the wellhead master valve. Always start pumping fluid through the
main treating line into the well before pumping the gas, unless you must
flush with N2 before pumping fluid.
• Open the N2 control valve.
• Increase the rate and pressure of N2 gas according to the job design.
• The discharge temperature of the N2 gas must be monitored during the job
and must be between 40degF and 150degF. An operating temperature of
more than 150ºF can cause damage to the seal rings in treating line.
Normal Shutdown – Job end

• Always shut down the N2 pump before you stop the fluid pumps so that the
main treating line will not contain N2. If you use gas instead of fluids to
displace the treatment, stop the treating fluid pumps and close the fluid line
isolation valve.
• Stop the N2 pump according to the N2 unit operations manual.
• Close the N2 line control valve.
• Open the vent valves in the N2 suction line and discharge lines. Do not let
N2 vent through needle valves.
• Before disconnecting any discharge lines and suction lines, make sure that
all the pressure is released from all sections of all lines. Make sure all
valves in all lines are open before disassembly of any unions with a
hammer. Wear leather or plastic gloves and face shields when
disconnecting suction line connections.
• After all transfer hoses are removed, close the transfer line vent valves to
prevent entry of moisture.

Release of Treating pressure and flow back the well fluids through Sprint
Connections
A bleed-off assembly must be installed in the main treating line as detailed in
the General Well Site and pumping Standard
Additional Requirement for Offshore Operations

The only hose approved for use between a vessel and platform is the Coflexip
treating hose. This hose must be used from the exit point on the vessel to the
platform deck. Normal treating iron must be used
on the platform to the wellhead and on the vessel to the Coflexip hose. Install
the correct Coflexip hose hangers on both the vessel and platform.
Stainless steel drip pans must be placed under all possible N2 leaks.
Water hoses must be placed under all N2 tanks below the connection area and
manifolds or where there is a possible liquid N2 leak. Run the water hoses at
all times.
Foamed Cement Operations

This Standard and General Well Site and pumping Standard for Pressure
Pumping and describe cement treatments that use foam. The following are
additional requirements which must be followed.
• Cement pump units must have integral manifolds. If the cementing loops
are used, they must have an integral or non-pressure seal unions. Cement
head manifolds must be integral type without threads. If this type of
manifold is not available, make a manifold of integral or NPTS parts like
swivels, valves, etc.
• Treating iron must be connected following the procedures for well
stimulation jobs. Install an integral double wing crossover on the cement
unit manifold discharge connection.
• Check valves cannot be used in the cement line. Begin pumping the N2
after the cement slurry is moving downhole to prevent pumping N2 into the
well. Stop N2 pumping before pumping the cement slurry.
• A foam generation manifold must be installed in the pumping line at the
entry point for the N2. There must be a minimum of 10 feet (3 m) of straight
pipe between the discharge point of the manifold and the wellhead. The N2
line connection must be the same as the normal connection for N2
treatments. Install the N2 control valve and pressure relief assembly as
close as possible to the point where the N2 line joins the foam generator
manifold. Do not use chokes on the foam generator manifold.

• N2 flows into the foam generator through a disperser bushing which

contains a safety rupture disk. This bushing is installed in a standard frac
cross.
• The N2 injection can only be made into the Foam generator manifold as
shown on Figures 5 and 6 and not into the triplex pump suction line.
• The foam generator must receive either one or two N2 lines depending on
the job design.
• The disperser bushing must be inspected before each treatment. All holes
must be open, the rupture disk must be in position, and all O-rings must be
in good condition. If the bushing shows erosion on the foam side, replace
the bushing when the wear is approximately 1/2 inch (1.3 cm) deep. The
bushing must be completely disassembled after each treatment for
inspection.
• Before pumping N2 into the foam generator manifold, make sure the line
connected to the N2 control valve is clear. This line must be flushed with
tank vapor pressure to make sure that there is no obstruction inside the
disperser bushing.
• The total foam flow rates, with foam downstream of the generator, must not
exceed the maximum pump rates in Operating and Safety Procedures for
Pressure Pumping. This must be considered when you design a base
pump rate and N2 injection rate. Check if a larger line or more than one
line is needed from the generator to the cement head,
• Test the cement pumping line to the plug container and the annulus line
with water. The N2 line must be tested with N2 to the N2 control valve after
the cement line test. Pressure must be maintained in the cement pumping
line to make sure that the N2 does not leak into the cement line.
• After pressure testing is complete, pump through to the waste pit with the
N2 unit. Record the high and low N2 rates to define the limits of the N2
unit. Water must be pumped to the pits to clear the lines of any N2 after
this procedure.
• The cement head must be installed in the casing with the correct torque for
the type of threads used. (NEVER use Teflon thread tape on the cement
head casing swage.) If you need a casing landing joint, inspect the threads
of the landing joint before starting the job. Never use any type of threaded
connections, other than the cement head to casing connection.
• If the cement job requires multiple plugs, install the correct type of cement
head with all plugs before the job starts. Never open the cement head after
a cement job has started. If a double plug container cannot be used, the
bottom plug must be pumped down with water. After a shutdown and

release of all pressure, the top plug must be loaded and the job can start
with the pumping of the spacer.
• Cement heads must not have a mechanical plug release indicator
assembly. These items must be removed and blank plugs installed. If the
customer requires you to check the plug release, use an internal plug
release detector.
• A bleed-off assembly must be installed in the main treating line as detailed
in the General Well Site and pumping Standard
• If a cap of cement is pumped down the annulus, the annulus line must be
connected as a separate pumping line with a pressure relief line. This
annulus line must be pressure tested before starting the job.
• Only one person designated by the Job Supervisor must operate the
valves in the high-pressure lines.
• One person designated by the Job Supervisor must be assigned to operate
the valves and plug release system on the cement head. Only this person
is permitted on the rig floor during a foamed cement job. The designated
person must leave the rig floor when not operating the valves or the plugs.
All pumping must stop when this person is on the rig floor.
• You must use communication headsets between the cement pump
operator, the N2 pump operator, the designated person who operates the
high-pressure valves and the person in charge of operating the cement
head. If there is an additional Job Supervisor, that person must also use a
communication headset.
• During the job planning, discuss the control of the fluid returns with the
customer. When displacement is started, close the Hydril, and allow fluid
returns to flow through a line that is controlled with a choke. Procedures to
control the annulus return flow must be made on all foamed cement jobs.
• If return line flow meters are required, install a non-turbine type of meter
that will not become blocked. If a turbine meter must be used, a second
diverter line must be installed in case the flow meter becomes blocked.
• A foaming additive can be added to the cement slurry in one of two
methods. The foaming additive can be pumped into the main treating line
containing the cement slurry with a triplex pump. For this method, the line
must have a plug valve where the line joins the cement slurry treating line.
Install upstream from this plug valve a Grant dart type check valve. Install a
Tee, with double plug valves for pressure release, between the plug valve
and the Grant check valve.
• The foaming additive can be pumped directly in the cement pump suction
sump. This task is done by the use of an injection pump, but injection must
not be started until the cement slurry is pumped through the triplex pump.

• Always use a flow meter to control the injection rate of the foaming
additive.
• The areas around the treating line, the N2 pump line, the rig floor, wellhead
and the return line are hazard areas. These areas must be kept free of all
personnel during the job. Safe areas outside of these areas must be
assigned during the safety meeting.





Coiled tubing Operating Standard
Objective
To prevent injury to Company and third party personnel and damage to
equipment involved with Coiled Tubing operations.
Personnel and responsibilities

• Management is responsible to implement this, and other, safety and
operations standards such that Operations are correctly equipped, that
operating personnel are qualified, that a Coiled Tubing Supervisor is in
charge of each operation, and that job sites are periodically audited for
compliance to the relevant standards.
• The Coiled Tubing Supervisor is responsible to implement this, and other
standards, such that the operation is correctly staffed and equipped, that
jobsite safety meetings are held, that clear communication channels are
defined to customer and third parties, and the role of crew members are
defined.
• Crewmembers are responsible to comply with this,and other safety
standards and to attend jobsite safety meetings.
• A Coiled Tubing crew must include at least three persons. One person
must be the Coiled Tubing Supervisor sufficiently competent and trained as
the Coiled Tubing Supervisor.
Operating Categories
Coiled Tubing operations are categorized by, Maximum Expected Pressure.
For each category, a maximum operating wellhead pressure is limited to the
below
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
Pres. Range 0– 3,500 psi 3,500 –7,000 psi 7,000 -10,000 psi
Pres. Limit 3500 psi 7000 psi 10,000 psi
Operating Pressure Planning

Coiled tubing operations must be planned such that MWHP will not exceed the
category pressure limits.
Pressure information listed below must be established, and should be
discussed with the customer, prior to each operation.
• Maximum Expected Wellhead Pressure (MWHP)
• TAS Operating Pressure and CT forces and stresses
• Maximum Circulation Pressure

• Equipment Working Pressure (noting the lowest rated equipment item,

including the well head)
• Pressure for Pressure Test
Pressure Operations
High Pressure Well Control Contingency Option
• Should wellhead pressure exceed category pressure limit, but not exceed
the lowest rated component, take immediate step to control and reduce the
pressure below the category pressure limit and identify the causes of the
additional pressure.
• Should wellhead pressure reach MWCP apply the BOP Control
Contingency Procedures.
• Well control actions may continue with coiled tubing in the hole at wellhead
pressures greater than category pressure limits, but only under the
following conditions.
o When applied wellhead pressure reaches category pressure limit
tubing movement is stopped.
o MWCP shall not exceed category pressure limit + 1,000 psi
o MWCP shall not exceed test pressure.
o Wellhead pressure or circulation pressures may not exceed the
working pressure of any equipment item including the coiled tubing
reel components; tubing loads should not exceed coiled tubing
stress and forces maximum limits.
CT Barriers Standards
Wells shall have minimum two impermeable barriers for category two and
above at all times to ensure that the risk of an unplanned flow of wellbore and
reservoir fluids to the atmosphere or sea is minimized.
As for Category I, should be checked to confirm the need to a Double Barrier
• Has the well control equipment been STEM 100%?
• Has it been clearly determined if this is a category I well?
• Is this a multiple Well Project?
• Has CT Supervisor done same/similar type jobs (including tool jobs)
previously?
• Is one Barrier deemed sufficient during change out of the Stripper with
the Coiled Tubing In the Hole?
• Is H2S present?
• Is it a Gas Well?
• Will it be WHP at any time?
• Does the well Naturally flow during the job?
• Will the well support a column of fluid?

If you score more then 30% “Yes” s then a double barrier is required.
Category I Optional Functions

The following items are considered acceptable barriers:
• Manually or remotely operated surface valves
• Cement plugs, if verified, placed in the wellbore and/or production
tubing
• Packers, bridgeplugs, and cement retainers placed in the wellbore or
production tubing
• Mechanical plugs placed in the wellhead, tubing head, annulus, or
wellbore
• The BOP is considered a single barrier.
• Christmas tree, Subsea tree, wellhead, and BOP bodies
• A column of fluid with a hydrostatic pressure greater than the formation
pressure provided that the condition and position of the fluid column
can be monitored.
Note: "It is forbidden to use a subsurface safety valve (SSSV) as a pressure

barrier for controlling the well (Case of tool string longer than the available
lubricators length). The SSSV is a SAFETY valve and shall never be used as
an operational valve.
Barrier Testing and Integrity

• A barrier shall only be considered acceptable when it has been tested
in the direction of well flow and demonstrated to hold pressure to the
MWCP with zero leakage.
• Excluding BOP’s, barriers will no longer be effective if they have been
disturbed.
• Pressure tests shall be for 5 minutes for positive pressure tests, and 30
minutes for inflow tests where the volume being monitored is large in
comparison to any possible leakage rate.
• Positive pressure tests should be performed with a non-flammable
fluid.
• Fluids acting as a barrier may be qualified as a tested barrier when
proved fit-for-purpose on the basis of stability, condition, position, and
continuing monitoring/observation.
• Test pressures shall be specified in the Operations Program.

Pressure Control Equipment
• Pressure control equipment, including high-pressure adapters and

treating equipment, must be:
o Purchased from approved suppliers only.
o Tested and inspection as Testing and Inspection Standard.
o Welding is not allowed on pressure containing equipment
including, pressure containing components of the coiled tubing
reel, except by an approved supplier as part of a documented
repair.
• Category I, connections with a threaded coupling plus an independent
seal (O-ring, or other) are allowed when part of an approved
equipment item, purchased from an approved supplier and only above
the lower most BOP.
• Threaded connections, may not be used in the BOP stack or attached
lines when H2S is present or where MWHP is greater than 2,000 psi.
• Threaded connections with a metal to metal seal, separate from the
thread are allowed in Category 1 operations, with MWHP greater than
2,000 psi, however the maximum operating pressure must be
established on a case by case basis.
• The maximum OD of Coiled Tubing allowed when using threaded
connections is 1.75”.
• Flanged connections incorporating more than one bolthole pattern are
not allowed.
• The crane (or platform support) must be rated to support the weight of
the injector head and BOPs.
• Stability of the rig-up stack must be ensured using a 4-point guy wire /
chain system or platform support.
• All third party suppliers, will conform to contractor and supplier
management Safety Standard
• Ring gaskets used in flanged connections are to be used only once.
• Torquing of bolts within well control flanges are to be done following
the recommendations and specifications from the manufacturers.

Pressure Control Stacks:

Category 1 (0–3,500 psi)
The following minimum equipment configuration is required for Category 1

operations: Minimum functions should include:
• Stripper function
• Blind function
• Shear Function
• Kill line inlet with double plug valves
• Slip function
• Pipe function
• Tree adapter
Optional functions that may be added to the minimum requirement based on

assessment of risk are:
• Quick Latch Coupler
• Flow tee with double plug valves
• Lower Shear and Blind function
• Pipe function
• Slip function
Each equipment item must have a working pressure of at least 10,000 psi.

Category 1 Operations.

Category 2 (3,500–7,000 psi)
The following minimum equipment configuration is required for Category 2

operations:
• Anti-buckling tubing guide
• Two Stripper function
• Blind function
• Shear Function
• Kill line inlet with double plug valves
• Slip function
• Pipe function
• Blind/Shear function
• Pipe and Slip functions
• Tree adapter flange
Each equipment item must have a working pressure of at least 10,000 psi.
A kill line must be rigged up on category 2 jobs.
All riser connections from the wellhead to the upper BOP must be flanged
Remote operated plug valves on the flow tee in presence of H2S
• Quick Latch Connector
• Wing valves are optional hydraulically actuated
• Flow tee with double plug valves with adherence to H2S policy above


Category 3 (7,000–10,000 psi)
The following minimum equipment configuration is required for category 3

operations: Minimum functions should include:
• Anti-buckling tubing guide
• Two Stripper function (rated 15ksi)
• Blind function
• Shear function
• Kill line inlet with double flanged gate valves
• Slip function
• Pipe function
• Blind/shear function
• Pipe and Slip function
• Tree adapter flange

• Sidewinder (rated 15ksi)
• Flow tee with one flanged gate valves and one Remote Operated
Valve
• Flanged riser between lower and upper BOP
Plug valves are not allowed on category 3 jobs on flow Tee or Kill port.
A kill line must be rigged up on category 3 jobs.
All equipment items must have a working pressure of 15,000 psi.
All riser connections from the wellhead to below the Lower Stripper must be
flanged.
Both sides on the flow tee must have remote operated gate valve in the
presence of H2S.
Flanged Riser
Note: Reel swivel and stub shaft must have a working pressure of 15ksi.
The working pressure of the swivel and stub shaft of standard CT reels is
10,000 psi.


Safety Requirement for Coiled Tubing Equipment
The following safety equipment is required:

Blow out Preventer, strippers, and pressure control equipment required
by this standard.
Labels, clearly identifying the name and function of BOP controls,
including temporary controls
For well control equipment, a nitrogen charged accumulator system,
plus back up manual hydraulic pumps, plus back up air powered
hydraulic pump(s)
BOP controls (for blind and shear rams) must have double lockout
protection (example: cover and push pin)
Blind ram and shear ram control handles in the cabin must be painted
red
BOP control hoses must be fireproof for the first fifty feet, closest to the
wellhead.
An approved fall protection gin pole and self retracting life line,
installed on the injector head, plus a full body harness fitted to persons
working at height.
Nonslip stair, ladder, roof and stepping surfaces
Handrails on walkways and platforms
Guards on rotating machinery, and drive chains
Chains to lock the coiled tubing reel in position
Working annular and treating pressure measurement systems
A working dual acting weight system, a working depth system,
complete data acquisition, and monitoring system.
Hose reels must have spring loaded reel controls that return to the
neutral position when released
An engine emergency kill system within the cab and the power pack
Safety glass (shatter proof) in the front window of the control cabin
A frame or bar, at the control cabin, to protect the operator from
unrestrained coiled tubing
A first aid kit with eyewash bottle
An air horn
Fire extinguishers
Mechanical locks to support a raised cabin

The following safety equipment is required when the stated job site conditions
prevail:
On category 2 and 3 jobs, a kill line must be rigged up
When H2S may be present, a wind direction indicator and H2S
detection equipment must be present onsite.
With flammable fluids, electrical grounding is required.
As a minimum in any offshore operation, all equipment, which is either
diesel or electric driven, should conform to the minimum Zoning
requirements as dictated by the installation or local regulations.
Operating Rules And Best Practices
Pressure Control Equipment

Two down hole check valves are required on all operations;
Verify the pressure rating of the wellhead components to be at least
equal to the upper category pressure limit before attaching any
equipment to the well head.
When possible, isolate the well head from the well bore pressure, by
closing the lower wellhead master valve and bleeding off the well head
pressure, before connecting equipment to the wellhead
The lower most BOP must be installed directly on the well head, if that
is not possible (i.e. accessibility to the well head flange connection
does not allow that due to process lines etc.) then:
One riser joint of minimum length is allowed below the lower BOP to
the wellhead (This is only for Category 1,2, and 3).
BOP system pressure must be ON when the coiled tubing is in the well
bore
Take steps to prevent inadvertent operation of wellhead valves and
downhole safety valve (if applicable) during coiled tubing operations.
Operations are not allowed when there are external leaks at the
wellhead; Internal leaks must follow barrier guidelines in this standard.
When circulating fluid from the well, monitor pump rate (or flow rate in),
flow rate out, loss or gain in system volume, and indications of gas in
the returned fluids.
Fluid flow from the annulus should be controlled by adjustable choke or
production equipment.
Flow back of reservoir fluids through coiled tubing is not allowed

Third Party Pressure Control Equipment

The Coiled Tubing supervisor must verify working pressure and
operating specifications of third party and customer provided
equipment.
Prior to use, third party or customer provided equipment must be
verified as being supplied by a qualified vendor, uniquely identified
(serialized), traceable with respect to the material, supplied with a
statement of working pressure, documentation of pressure and
function tests. Pressure and flow requirements of hydraulic actuation
systems must be available, and confirmed compatible with job site
hydraulic power systems.
When third party equipment or customer provided equipment is
supplied where the pressure test was performed, at pressures less
than working pressure, the pressure test pressure must be used as the
working pressure for that item of equipment.
Third party or customer provided shear rams must be function tested to
prove the capability to cut the coiled tubing.
Pressure and Function Testing

Pressure and function tests must be performed upon initial rig up, and
prior to each job series, and every seven days of continuous
operations on the same well
Water is the preferred test fluid. Other, non-flammable solid free fluids
may be used. Nitrogen may be used as the test fluid following the
provisions of the nitrogen operation standard and General pumping
operations Standards
The following pressure tests are required:
Low Pressure, Pressure Test 300 psi for 5 minutes; verify equipment
assembly.
Pressure Test With BOPs installed on wellhead, upper blind rams
closed, Coiled tubing not inserted in BOP stack, test to the lesser of
1.5 times MWHP or the working pressure of the lowest rated
equipment item (including wellhead, crossovers, third party equipment)
Pressure Test prior to opening the well, with all equipment rigged up
and downhole check valves installed, with the coiled tubing inserted in
the BOP stack, pressure test to the lesser of the earlier pressure test
or Coiled Tubing collapse pressure.

Risk Evaluation
A Coiled Tubing operations Risk Assessment is required before

performing Coiled Tubing Operations.
All aspects of offshore and onshore operations are to be risk assessed
prior to loadout.
Job site specific risk assessment to be conducted, documented and
signed, to ensure that the impact of surrounding operations are taken
into account, that may introduce additional risk to the Coiled Tubing
operation.
All Risk Assessment, are to be formally conducted with a minimum of
Sprint, Client, and third party personnel directly involved in the
operation and should be signed off by all parties, prior to load out of
equipment and personnel.
Safety Meetings
Before rigging up, before starting, or resuming work on a location, a
safety meeting must be held including members of the Coiled Tubing
crew and, when possible, a customer representative, plus third parties
involved in the operation.
After rigging up, but prior to starting Coiled Tubing operations on the
well, and at shift changes, a safety meeting must be held with
members of the Coiled Tubing crew and, when possible, a customer
representative, plus third parties involved in the operation. The coiled
tubing supervisor normally leads this meeting.
All Job Risk Assessment should be reviewed, amended and
communicated.

Pre-Job Safety Procedures Procedure
• Identify Client representative in charge of the operation. All decisions

concerning the operation and changes to the program are to be approved
by and communicated to the coiled tubing operator by the responsible
person.
• Outline the operation details and discuss any concerns that
may arise in connection with the program. (The completion diagram
and downhole coiled tubing BHA should be reviewed in order to identify
any restrictions or other potential hazards that may exist, copy of
diagrams are to be kept in the control cabin at all times).
• Outline possible potential operational problems and the contingency plans
in place to deal with such events.
• Discuss any pressure control limitations that may exist and review the
BOP’s operating procedures.
• Review the pressure testing procedures.
• Assign each person involved in the coiled tubing operation and area of
responsibility.
• Identify any potential safety hazards, particularly handling of
corrosive and / or flammable fluids and chemicals, and the movement of
heavy equipment.
• Confirm / ensure the use of personnel protective equipment during
operations.
• Ensure compliance with the pre-safety procedure in the event of a
suspected H2S gas leak.
• All personnel should be reminded of the dangers of H2S and the location
of personnel air packs.
• Review the contingency plan for possible failure scenarios during
operations.
• Review the placement of fire extinguishers, fire fighting equipment and
self contained breathing apparatus system.
• Identify the location of first aid equipment (eye wash,
emergency shower, first aid box,etc..)
• Determine safe areas and cordon off restricted areas.
• Define the escape routes in the event of an accident, fire or
other such eventuality.
• Define emergency assembly area.

PRE JOB SAFETY MEETING CHECK SHEET
Client Representative
CT Operator
Y N
Outline Program
Outline Potential Operating Problems And Contingency

Procedures
Discuss Pressure Limitations
Review Pressure Test Procedure
Assign Personnel Responsibilities
Identify Hazards, Chemicals, Heavy Lifts etc.
Personnel Protective Equipment
H2S Leak Procedure, Dangers of H2S
Instruct All Personnel On Emergency Procedure
Identify Location Of Fire Fighting Equipment
Identify The Location Of First Aid Box
Determine Safe Area
Define Escape Route
Define Assembly Area

Rig Up and Equipment Layout

The Coiled Tubing unit operator should have a clear view of the Coiled
Tubing reel and injector
Locate trucks (axle load) no closer than six feet from the edge of well
cellars.
When possible locate pumping equipment on the swivel side of the
Coiled Tubing reel.
When possible locate pumping equipment upwind or crosswind of the
wellhead, flowback tank and vent line. This may not be achievable in
an offshore location; therefore site-specific assessments of the risks
should be performed to mitigate such risks, to the satisfaction of both
the client and Service Supervisor, and is to be formally documented.
The area between the Coiled Tubing reel and the injector head is a
hazardous area, and must be identified as a restricted area during the
Coiled Tubing job, and no crane lifts are to be performed above the
coiled tubing once stabbed
Elevated equipment must be adequately supported.
Elevated equipment position and stability must be checked periodically
during a job.
A load indicator is required when injector head is suspended from a
crane, or rig draw works.
During any scope of CT operations, the identified work area will be
designated as a hazardous area and a barrier erected (Tape or other
means with signs) to prevent general access, to non-essential
personnel.
Adequate lighting should be made available during operation.
Operation Considerations
Each coiled tubing connector must be pull tested to the job
requirements or at least 10,000 lbs (not to exceed 80% Yield of
downhole end)
Coiled Tubing running speed should be 20 feet per minute or less,
near the wellhead or obstructions.
Coiled Tubing reel skids must be secured to prevent movement.
The CT Supervisor in charge of any offshore operation should always
be aware of forward weather forecasts; to ensure that as far as
practicably possible, he can plan and advise the client whether a
sufficient weather window exists to complete the planned operation.

Radios should be utilized so that proper communication is maintained

during all operations.
The Coiled Tubing may remain in the wellbore during suspended

operations, only when:
o A Coiled Tubing supervisor and one helper remain on site
o One person remains inside the Coiled Tubing cab all the times.
o Power Pack remains running all the times.
o BOP slip and pipe rams are closed and manually locked.
o Where a crane is used to support the Coiled Tubing
equipment, a qualified crane operator remains on site.
o There is lighting to monitor pressure, pressure control
equipment, potential flow, leaks, and crane load.
o A method of emergency communication is available at the
wellsite.
When a Coiled Tubing Supervisor and one helper will not remain on
site, then, before leaving the site:
o Remove the Coiled Tubing from the wellbore
o Bleed pressure from the Coiled Tubing and from the surface
equipment
o Secure the well by closing the wellhead valve(s)
o Remove the injector from wellhead and secure it.
o Close and manually lock the blind ram
All suspended operations should be minimized at all times however if
required a full risk assessment should be conducted to ensure all risks
are mitigated.
Tool Deployment
Bar Method of deployment
Pressure Control Equipment Requirements - Operating Category 1 (0
– 3,500 psi)
o Deployment and reverse deployment operations are limited to
3,500 psi.
o A dual pipe and slip function is required, to engage the
deployment bar.
o A dual Barrier System is required; i.e. pipe ram and annular
Preventer.
o The shear function must be capable of shearing the
deployment bar.

o An equalization pressure test is required each time a

deployment stack connection is made up
o Only Sprint Approved deployment bars to be used.
The following minimum equipment configuration is required for

Category 1 Land & offshore operations on a platform for pressure
deployment: Minimum functions should include:
o Stripper function
o Blind function
o Shear Function
o Slip function
o Pipe function
o Kill line inlet with double plug valves
o Slip function
o Pipe function
o Tree adapter
o Each equipment item must have a working pressure of at least
10,000 psi.
General Operating Rules

Before working on or entering the inside of a Coiled Tubing reel, set
the brake and chain the reel in both directions, so it cannot move.
When cutting coiled tubing, or working with free ends, it is mandatory
to take steps to prevent personnel from being struck by the tubing.
Restrain the tubing or remove personnel to a safe distance.
Shift Handover
The shift handover should follow a process to effectively communicate the
ongoing operations, during this time of personnel change. It is to be
documented and initialed to indicate concurrence with this policy.
Technical and HSE Training

Field service managers, Field Engineer and Service Supervisor should be fully
compliant to the technical and safety training requirement stated in HSE
Training and certification Standard in the HSE Manual
Responsibilities
The Engineer is responsible for determining if more than two barriers are
required. Each type of barrier will have an associated probability of failure and
consequently it is essential that barriers be carefully matched to its anticipated

duty. This should include expected: pressure, temperature, fluid chemistry,

accessibility, and duration of service. The integrity and reliability of a barrier
and its intended duty will determine if more than two barriers are to be
employed.
On failure of a barrier, the Wellsite Supervisor shall initiate immediate
measures to secure the integrity of the well and restore or replace the failed
barrier. Other activities should cease unless doing so increases the risk of an
incident.
Coiled Tubing Field service Managers shall ensure the application of this
Standard on all well activities under their management.

Coiled Tubing Well Control Drill
Coiled tubing well control drills should be carried out on routine basis on all
coiled tubing operations. Two of the major factors which influence the severity
of a well control incident are the initial actions taken to control the incident and
the speed at which these actions are taken.
The purpose of carrying out coiled tubing shut in drills is to familiarize coiled
tubing crews with the actions to be taken in the event of an incident. Drills
should be designed to reduce the time that the crew takes to implement these
procedures.
It is the responsibility of job supervisor to determine the time when a drill is to
be carried out. All drills will be carried out only when the coiled tubing is inside
the lubricator and the Swab valve is closed-in, to avoid any complications.
Different scenarios should be drawn up and the drills conducted frequently until
a suitable standard is achieved.
Shut-in-Drill
The purpose of this drill is to familiarize the crew with shutting-in the coiled
tubing unit and well, in the event of an equipment failure or other incident.
When directed to do so by the company representative the coiled tubing
operator will implement the prescribed control procedure for shutting in the well
safely. The Coiled Tubing Operator is expected to take the following steps to
shut the well in:
• Stop all operations.

• Shut down the pumps (if pumping is taking place).
• Close the coiled tubing reel block valve.
• Close the Slip Rams & Pipe Rams.
• Mark the pipe.
• Notify company Representative that the well is shut-in.
• Record the time for the drill in the daily report.
Time should also be taken to discuss the reasons why the shut in may be
required and the next actions to be taken if the well is still not under control due
to equipment failure.

Coiled Tubing Unit Rig - Up and Function Testing Procedures
Â Tandem strippers or two conventional strippers in series must be run on

coiled tubing operations except water injection or water source wells
which have zero WHCIP. The upper stripper will be used as the primary
barrier and the lower as the backup. Stripper inserts must be physically
inspected prior to each job. Side door strippers are recommended to be
used.
Â The use of shear seal BOP’s as a tertiary safety barrier are mandatory
during all rigless operations on gas wells and high pressure / high H2S oil
wells. The use of shear seal BOP’s as a tertiary safety barrier on other oil
wells is a discretionary subject.
Â Shear/Seal BOP’s are to be included in the pressure control rig up in all

gas wells, fishing operations and while working in a well to hold and
prevent dropping a coiled tubing in a hole if sheared using the
conventional BOP.
• Prior to commencement of work, all personnel involved should

acquaint themselves with the type of work to be undertaken.
• Inspect the location prior to any equipment movements, so
logistically there will be a plan on how the equipment will be
sited agreed with the service company. A plan of the
equipment layout for the type of rigs/rigless operations should
be referenced.
• When arranging the equipment layout the reel should be sited
first, as it must be aligned so that the coiled tubing has an
unrestricted path to the injector on the wellhead.
• All hydraulic quick connections must be cleaned and checked
for operation before being coupled to the unit. They must be
identified as being correctly coupled before the unit is function
tested. Failure to do so can cause improper functions of the
coiled tubing unit resulting in possible personnel injury and
equipment damage.

Function test the Power Pack :
All hoses correctly coupled as per color code list.

All handles, levers and pressure controls should be in
correct position.
The unit should be started as per unit pre-start procedures.
Test normal engine shutdown, restart and emergency
shutdown.
Function Test the Blowout Preventer and Stripper/Packer Circuits:
(a) Close the blind rams. The operator will ensure the operation of the
rams by removing the BOP lifting cap and looking into the bore.
Monitoring the indicator rods is not considered to be sufficient.
(b) Close and open the shear rams.
(c) Close and open the slip rams.
(d) Close and open the pipe rams.
(e) Close and open shear/seal BOP.
(f) Shut down power pack and function test the BOP using the
storage accumulator (min. 4 times).
(g) Once bled off, test the BOP using emergency hand pump system.
(h) Re-start power pack and re-establish system pressure. Ensure all
rams are in open position before proceeding with the function test.
(i) The stripper / packer insert must be inspected and changed if used
prior to running in the hole, therefore this operation can be used as
the function test.
(j) The stripper packer should be kept completely de-energized until
coiled tubing is run through the insert.
(k) Ensure that the annulus pressure debooster cylinder is full of fluid
and the gauge in control cabin is purging. The appropriate chart
recorder arm fluid should be checked and adjusted.
Function test the Injector Circuit:
(a) Apply pressure to the outside tension as per manufacturers

instructions.
(b) Ensure that the inside chain tension is zero and controls in the bleed
position.
(c) Select Low Gear for injector speed setting.

(d) Ensure the injector directional control valve self centers is to neutral
and is not sticky in operation.
(e) Select the above valve to the “In hole” position and dial in system
pressure until the injector chains rotate. Ensure that the injector chains
are rotating as per the selected valve position.
(f) Repeat the same test with the directional valve in the “out of hole”
position.
(g) Select High Gear for the injector speed setting and repeat tests
carried out in (d) & (e).
(h) Select Low Gear. Position the directional valve in the neutral position.
Dial in system pressure to at least 40% of the relief valve setting (1000
psig).
Note:-
No pressure should be registered on the system pressure gauge until
the main spool on the “Husco” valve is shifted to direct fluid to the
injector motors.
(i) Using the proportional characteristics of the control valve, vary the
speed and direction of the injector, without alerting the pressure setting
of the relief valve repeat the same test with the speed test at speed
control in High Gear.
(j) Check that the weight indicator is correctly bled through and the load
cell is at the correct spacing. As this is not sufficient to check the
integrity of the weight indicator, a physical function test is required. Pull
test 2000 lbs. using the intended BHA.
Function test the Reel and Level Wind Circuit :
(a) Raise and lower the hydraulic level wind.

(b) Traverse the level wind counter head a couple of feet either way.
(c) Check that there is around 200 psig in the reel circuit and the reel
directional valve handle is in the “Out of Hole” position. Release the
reel brake. Due to the tension in the coiled tubing, the drum should turn
slowly forward, signifying that the brake has released. As this happens,
increase the reel tension to around 650 psig, this will rotate the drum
“Out of Hole” re-tensioning the tubing. At this point re-apply the reel
brake securing the reel until further required.
(d) Before connecting the circulating pressure hose to the debooster,
ensure that the debooster piston is fully depressed and the cylinder is
full of oil. If the gauge in the control cabin requires purging, the

appropriate chart recorder arm should be re-adjusted to correspond

the gauge reading.
(e) On pulling out tubing, ensure the angle of the level wind is correct.
Failure to do so could result in flattening the coiled tubing. Keep the
hydraulic tension to around 450 psig during this operation.
(f) When the tubing is being stabbed, it is important that the reel brake is
in the “on” position. This is to prevent any unnecessary overpulling of
the injector. Only when the injector is on the wellhead and secured
should the reel circuit pressure be brought up to around 800 psig.
Stabbing a coiled tubing can be done in several ways providing they
are carried out safely and efficiently, crew members stabbing the pipe
must use safety belts. Various rig up situations will also determine the
method of stabbing.
In all instances certified clamps and slings, or chains must be used
when pulling the tubing off the reel using the crane.
Before any tubing is spooled off, the angle of the level wind must be
checked to prevent any flattening of the tubing by the counter rollers. A
sufficient radius must now be put into the tubing to allow it to enter the
injector chains.
Note 1
Before stabbing tubing, ensure that the injector chain controls are in the correct
position, with the stripper / packer fully retracted.
Note 2
Ensure that the reel is made safe during this stage.
• Run the tubing through the stuffing box until the protector nozzle appears
through the quick union. At this stage traction pressure should be applied
to the tubing.
• The Shear/Seal BOP (if included in the rig up) having been function tested
on the deck should now be connected by flange to the Wellhead by
removing the flange on top of the well head. A riser is then installed above
the Shear Seal BOP.
• Once the Shear Seal BOP and the riser is in place, the x-over which
will connect the coiled tubing BOP to the riser can now be attached
along with the BOP itself. It may also be an advantage to place the
injector self support frame over the lubricator before the BOP is
placed onto the rig up. At this point, the initial pressure testing can
now take place.
• Once complete, the injector should be ready to be placed onto the
BOP. The coiled tubing operator will take charge of this operation
with the injector lifting slings are attached to the crane.

• If a hydraulic self support stand is being used it should now be

positioned and jacked-up over the BOP.
Note 1
The injector sling is not certified to support the weight of the coiled tubing in the
hole. The crane is used only to provide a steadying effect on the injector.
Normally 2-3,000 lbs. Lift on the injector is sufficient.
Note 2
Restraints must not be attached to the main injector body as this will interfere
with the weight indicator recordings.
If the injector is to be self supporting, one restraint to the rear will be sufficient
until the injector is stabbed on the well.
• Pick up the injector, run off some tubing if necessary and attach the
coiled tubing bottom hole assembly.
• Once complete, stab the injector on the well and secure.
• Position the bottom hole assembly across the BOP, ready to test.


Shearing the Coiled Tubing String (Quad and Combi BOP)
The principal objectives in shearing the coiled tubing string with the
secondary pressure control equipment typically include:
• Complete isolation of the wellbore, including the suspended coiled

tubing string.
• Secure the coiled tubing string (suspended) in the wellbore.
• Provide an option to circulate or pump well control fluids through the
suspended coiled tubing string.
• Provide a means for subsequent rig up of surface equipment and
recovery of the coiled tubing string.
The process of shearing the coiled tubing string with Quad or Combi BOP’s
should include:
• Stop any movement of the coiled tubing string.

• Close the slip rams and pipe rams.
• Stop all pumping operations.
• Close the shear rams.
• Pull the coiled tubing string stop above the blind rams.
• Close the blind rams.
• Manually lock all rams
• Prepare to circulate through the coiled tubing string hanging from the
slip rams

Shear coiled
Tubing using
Quad / Combi
Stop Coiled Tubing

movement and shut down pumps
Close slip and pipe rams
Close the shear rams
Pull Coiled Tubing

stop above blind rams
and close blind rams
Prepare for well control circulation and subsequent

Operations to retrieve the coiled tubing string safely

Shearing the coiled tubing string (Shear/Seal) BOP
Shearing the coiled tubing string with shear / seal equipment is generally
undertaken as last resort under emergency conditions to enable the wellbore to
be isolated by subsequent closure of the master valve.
The process of shearing the coiled tubing string with a shear / seal BOP should
include:
• Stop any movement of the coiled tubing string - depending on specific

conditions, there should be sufficient movement in the falling coiled
tubing string to enable the cut end to fall below the wellhead when the
shear / seal is operated.
• Stop all pumping operations.
• Close the shear / seal rams.
• Close the swab valve.
• Close the wellhead master valve.

Shear coiled
tubing using
shear/seal
BOP
Stop coiled tubing string movement and shut

down pumps
Close the shear rams
Close the swab and master valves
Prepare for well control circulation and subsequent

operations to retrieve the coiled tubing string safely

Coiled Tubing Failure At Surface
Â There are three general categories of coiled tubing string failure at

surface, each of which may require a different response :
Pin hole
Â Potentially resulting in a small loss of circulation fluid.
Fracture
Â Potentially resulting in a loss of structural integrity and a large loss of

circulation fluid.
Parted string
Â Potentially resulting in two loose ends of coiled tubing string

and a large loss of circulating fluid. In each case the primary
hazards may exist from:
• High-pressure release of treatment fluid, e.g., corrosive,

flammable etc.
• Release of wellbore fluids - dependent of the coiled tubing

string integrity and check valve efficiency.
• Potential for coiled tubing string collapse that may result in loss
of wellbore fluid, jeopardized operation of the pressure control
equipment and inability to recover the coiled tubing string.
• Whiplash of fractured ends - especially with the release of

high-pressure fluids.
Actions for recovery following coiled tubing string failure should only be
taken when the associated risk from each of these hazards is considered
low.
Pin hole Leak

Â In case of a pin hole leak, normal coiled tubing operations should be

suspended and the following actions must be taken to secure the well
and recover the coiled tubing string safely:
• Stop movement of the coiled tubing string and quickly assess

conditions.
• Run in hole to place leak point between the stripper and pipe
rams. If the leak is placed below the pipe rams, the check
valve efficiency cannot be confirmed.
• Reduce pumping rate, stop pumps or switch to safe fluid.
• The well will be temporarily secured enabling options to be

considered for further action:
Minor Leaks
The structural integrity of the coiled tubing will quickly deteriorate

with further bending cycles. Consequently, the coiled tubing
string should be recovered without unduly reciprocating the
string and while minimizing the forces that may affect the string
integrity, e.g., internal pressure, reel back-tension.
Â If the well site and wellbore conditions allows tolerance of a minor fluid
leak during the string recovery, the string then can be safely recovered
if the following precautions are observed:
• Advise well site personnel of likely hazards and clear the area
surrounding the coiled tubing string.
• The coiled tubing string should be flushed with water or similar

neutral fluid in preparation of the string recovery.
• Reduce the pumping rate for slow circulation at a rate that

minimizes stress on the coiled tubing string while maintaining the
flow of fluids down the coiled tubing string, i.e., in the event of
check valve leakage, wellbore fluids cannot enter the coiled tubing
and reach surface.

Major Leaks
Â In case of a major pin hole leak, actions for string recovery should be
taken only after confirming the efficiency of the check valve and
reviewing options to isolate or reduce the wellhead pressure.
• With the leak point located between the

stripper and the pipe rams, close the slip rams
and pipe rams.
• Check the wellhead pressure and assess the risk of collapse

before testing the check valves.
• Flush treatment fluid from the string with water or similar

neutral fluid.
• Bleed the coiled tubing internal pressure and observe that the
check valves are effective.
Â If the check valves are effective, recovery of the coiled tubing string
from live well may be considered without killing the well.
Â If the check valves are not effective or if wellbore and well site
conditions prevent recovery of the string from a live wellbore, the well
should be killed to enable safe recovery of the coiled tubing string. The
recommended actions are as for a fractured coiled tubing string.

COILED TUBING CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES

Shear Coiled Tubing using Shear / Seal BOP

Fractured Coiled Tubing string
Â Fractures in the coiled tubing are:
Either
• Fracture within the injector head chains
Or
• Fracture and distortion above the injector head.
Â Fracture within the injector head chains
The following actions should be considered:
• Stop movement of the coiled tubing string and quickly assess

conditions. Run in hole place the leak point between the
stripper and pipe rams (if the leak is placed below the coiled
tubing pipe rams, the check valve efficiency cannot be
confirmed).
• Reduce pumping rate or stop pumps dependent of the fluid

type and operation status.
• Confirm check valve operation by bleeding the coiled tubing

internal pressure and observe the check valves effectiveness.
The well should be temporarily secured allowing options to be

considered for further action.
Â Fracture and Distortion above the Injector Head.
Where a fracture and distortion of the coiled tubing string is detected between
the injector head and the coiled tubing reel, there is a risk that the coiled tubing
string could part if it is run back into the wellbore. The following actions should
be taken to assess the current conditions and enable the well to be secured
quickly and efficiently.
• Stop movement of the coiled tubing string.
• Stop pumps and alert personnel to hazards.

• Observe the leak rate to assess check valves operation.
Â If the check valves are operating efficiently, the string may be

recovered safely if the following precautions are observed:
• Personnel are to be kept clear from the danger area until the
damaged section of string is safely on the coiled tubing reel.
• Any force or stress should be kept to a minimum until the

damaged section is recovered to the coiled tubing reel.
• If the coiled tubing string damage is severe, temporary splice

may be necessary to enable the string to be safely spooled.
Â If the check valves are not operating efficiently and the damage or
distortion to the coiled tubing string is not severe:
• Slowly run into the wellbore to position the leak point between
the stripper and the pipe rams.
• Close the slip rams and pipe rams.
• Start well killing procedure using the coiled tubing string as a

circulation string.
• With the well killed, pull the coiled tubing string out of hole and
repair as necessary to enable spooling.
Â If the check valves do not appear to be operating efficiently and it is not

feasible to run the leak point into the wellbore:
• Stop all pumping operations, close the slip rams and pipe
rams.
• Pull the coiled tubing string above the blind rams.
• Open the shear rams.
• Manually lock the pipe rams and slip rams.
• Secure the well and observe pressure.


Fractured Coiled Tubing at Surface

Parted Coiled Tubing String
Initial responses should be taken to control The situation as follows:
• Stop the injector head.
• Stop the fluid pumps.
• Stop the reel and apply the reel brake.
• Close the slip rams.
• Observe fluid flow from the well end of the coiled tubing string to
assess check valve efficiency.
• If the check valves are operating effectively, prepare to splice and

recover the coiled tubing
string.
• If the check valves are not operating effectively, prepare to shear the
coiled string and secure the well.
• Pull the coiled tubing string above the blind rams.
• Open the shear rams.
• Manually lock the pipe rams and slip rams.
• Secure the well and observe pressures


Parted Coiled Tubing String at Surface

Coiled Tubing String Collapse
Â The principal hazards and conditions associated with coiled tubing

string collapse include:
•
Potential release of wellbore fluids through stripper.
•
Jeopardizes the efficiency of the pressure control equipment.
•
Loss of injector head traction.
•
Inability to recover the coiled tubing string through the stripper
bushings.
Â The following conditions may indicate collapse of the coiled tubing
string:
• An increase in pump pressure caused by the restricted internal

area.
• An increase in tension caused by the deformed tubing
jamming in the stripper bushing.
• Injector head chain slippage.
• Leak at the stripper.
Â Where a collapsed coiled tubing string is suspected, the following

actions should be taken to secure the well and safely recover the
coiled tubing string:
• If the coiled is distorted affecting the efficiency of the pressure

control equipment, lower coiled tubing string until a seal can be
made across the stripper and pipe rams area.
• Maintain adequate circulating pressure to prevent propagation
of the collapsed section.
• Close and lock the slip rams and pipe rams.
• Test the slip rams by carefully performing a pull test.
• Kill the well and prepare to recover the coiled tubing string.


Collapsed Coiled Tubing String

Pressure Control Equipment Leaks
Â The principal hazards associated with leaks in the pressure

control equipment stack is related to release of wellbore fluids.
Depending upon the location of the leak point, the secondary
pressure control equipment may be able to prevent further
release of fluids. However, in some cases there is no means
by which the leak can be repaired to enable normal operations
to continue.
Stripper Leak
The seal element of a stripper is regarded as a consumable item

and normal wear and tear may result in slight leakage that can be
resolved by further energizing of the stripper pack system. In the
event that a persistent leak develops the following actions are
recommended:
Â Increase the pressure in the active stripper system - do not exceed

maximum allowable stripper pressure.
Â If the leak persists after increasing the system pressure, prepare to

replace stripper inserts or active tandem stripper system. Stripper
inserts may be safely replaced under live well conditions if the
following precautions are observed:
• Close and lock the pipe rams and slip rams.

• Maintain slow circulation as may be required by wellbore
conditions.
• Release the pressure above the pipe rams by slowly retracting
the stripper.
• Replace the stripper inserts following the manufacturers
recommended procedures.
• Energize the stripper system.
• Equalize the pressure across the pipe rams.
• Check injector head traction pressures.
• Retract manual locks on the pipe rams and slip rams.
• Hydraulically open the pipe rams and slip rams and prepare to
resume normal operations.

CO
OILED TUBING CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES
Fractured Coiled Tubing at Surface

Leak Between the Stripper and BOP
Â Leak points between the stripper and BOP can be temporarily stopped
by operating the BOP pipe rams or blind rams to isolate the wellbore.
Â In the event of a leak in the pressure control equipment stack, the

following actions are recommended:

• Close the pipe rams.
• Depending upon the wellbore conditions and the operation
status, reduce pumping rate to slow circulation.
Â If the leak point is repairable under rig-up conditions, the following

precautions should be observed:
• Two pressure barriers are typically required to be maintained
against wellbore fluids / pressure.
• Flanged connections should not be flogged-up under pressure.
• The repair should be tested by slowly equalizing pressure
across the BOP rams.
Â If the leak point is not repairable under rig-up conditions, the operation
should be suspended and preparation made for recovery of the coiled
tubing string.
Â If the leak is minor and the wellbore and well site conditions allow, the
coiled tubing string may be recovered as per the following
recommendations:
• Evacuate non-essential personnel from the area.
• Pump water, into the coiled tubing / tubing annulus or BOP kill
valve to flush the coiled tubing.
• Alternatively, any safe means of reducing wellhead pressure
such as opening the well to production facilities or pumping kill
fluid should be considered.
• The leak and wellbore conditions should be closely monitored
to enable rapid response for any deteriorating conditions.
Â If the leak is severe and wellbore or well site conditions do not allow
the release of wellbore fluids, the well should be killed to enable
recovery of the coiled tubing string at zero wellhead pressure.


Leak Between Stripper & BOP

¾Leak between BOP and Wellhead
Â Leaks below the coiled tubing pressure control equipment can only be
controlled by adjusting the wellbore conditions, e.g., killing the well or
reducing wellhead pressure by flowing the well to production facilities.
Consequently, the location and nature of any leak should be quickly
assessed and the corrective actions implemented without delay.
Â If the leak is minor and the wellbore and well site conditions allow, the
coiled tubing string should be recovered as per the following
procedures:
• POH the coiled tubing string at maximum safe speed, without
causing excessive vibration or forces to the leak point.
• Maintain fluid circulation at a minimum rate that equal the
displacement of the coiled tubing string.
• When the coiled tubing approach the BOP stack, close the
wellhead master valve.
• Evacuate non-essential personnel from the area.
• A kill fluid, or water, can be pumped into the coiled tubing /
tubing annulus or BOP kill valve to flush the coiled tubing.
• Alternatively, any safe means of reducing wellhead pressure
such as opening the well to production facilities or spotting kill
fluid should be considered.
• The leak and wellbore conditions should be closely monitored
to enable rapid response to any deteriorating conditions.
Â If the leak is severe and wellbore or well site conditions cannot tolerate
the release of wellbore fluids, the coiled tubing string should be cut to
enable the wellbore to be isolated by closing the wellhead valves.
• In preparation for cutting the coiled tubing string, ensure

sufficient interval for the cut coiled tubing to fall blow the
master valves after cutting.
• Allow the coiled tubing to fall and close the wellhead master
valve.
• Withdraw the coiled tubing string to clear the blind rams.


Leak BOP & Wellhead

Injector Head Traction Fault
Â The principal hazard associated with loss of injector head traction

include:
• Uncontrolled movement of the coiled tubing string, either in or

out of the wellbore.
• Jeopardizes the efficiency of pressure control equipment.
• Mechanical damage to surface equipment, facilities and
personnel within area where coiled tubing ejected from the
wellbore.
• Mechanical damage to surface coiled tubing equipment and
hazard to personnel as the coiled tubing reel over speeds into
the wellbore.
Note
Pressure control equipment should not be operated in case of string runaway
or ejection, i.e., do not close the pipe rams or slip rams. The resulting forces
could easily cause catastrophic damage to the BOP which is an essential
pressure barrier that may ultimately provide the only means of securing the
well.

Uncontrolled Descent
Â In the event the coiled tubing string starts an uncontrolled descent, the
following actions are recommended:
• Alert personnel to the hazard and clear the danger area.

• Increase the traction system pressure while maintaining RIH injector
head direction.
• If the increased pressure does not enable regaining control, operate
the “Emergency Traction” control pressure valve while maintaining a
RIH injector head direction and attempting to match the string speed.
• If the coiled tubing is still not controlled increase the hydraulic pressure
to the maximum setting in the stripper system.
• As the control is regained, slowly reduce the injector head speed to
stop the coiled tubing string.
• If the control of the coiled tubing string is not regained, descent is likely
continue until the bottom of the well is reach. Injector head chain
traction and speed should be reduced to prevent compressing the
coiled tubing into the wellbore when the tubing approach the PBTD.
• Evacuate the Control Cabin and the wellhead area.
• When the coiled tubing string stops, prepare to operate secondary
BOP functions as necessary to maintain control on the well.
• Before attempting to retrieve the coiled tubing string, the injector head
chain and traction system must be thoroughly inspected.
• The coiled tubing string should be retrieved and inspected before it is
used for subsequent operations.
Note
All actions to regain control of the descending string must be made through the
injector head traction and drive systems. Attempts to use the coiled tubing reel
or pressure control equipment of control of a runaway coiled tubing string can
result in severe damage to equipment, including wellhead equipment, and may
jeopardize pressure control functions that are later relied upon to secure the
well.


Loss of Injector Head Traction

Uncontrolled Ejection from the Wellbore
Â In the event that a coiled tubing string starts an uncontrolled ejection

from the wellbore, the following actions are recommended:
• Alert personnel to the hazard and clear the danger area.

• Increase the chain traction pressure while maintaining out-of-
hole injector head direction. Advise all personnel to evacuate
to a safe area.
• If this action does not regain control of the coiled tubing string,
apply the “Emergency Traction” control pressure valve while
maintaining out-of-hole injector head direction and attempting
to match the string speed.
• As the control is regained, slowly reduce the injector head
speed to stop the coiled tubing string.
• If this does not control the coiled tubing, increase the hydraulic
system pressure to the maximum allowable setting.
• f the control of the coiled tubing string is still not regained,
ejection is likely until the BHA is reached. (Injector head chain
traction and speed should be reduced to prevent damaging the
coiled tubing when the tubing comes to rest).
• If the control of the coiled tubing string is not regained, all
personnel, including the coiled tubing unit operator should
evacuate to safe area.
• When the coiled tubing string stops, prepare to operate
secondary BOP functions as necessary.


Uncontrolled Ejection from the Wellbore

Gooseneck Failure
Â The principal hazards associated with failure of the gooseneck relate to

jeopardizing the coiled tubing string integrity.
Â In the event of is a gooseneck failure, the following actions are

recommended :
¾ Reduce the pumping rate to slow circulation rate

(dependant of the wellbore conditions and operational
status).
¾ quickly assess condition of coiled tubing string.
• If the coiled tubing string has sustained damage, proceed as

per recommended guidelines for fractured coiled tubing string.
• If the coiled tubing string did not sustain significant damage:
¾ close and lock the pipe rams and slip rams.
¾ Release the tension on the coiled tubing reel and

apply the reel brake.
¾ Secure the coiled tubing string with a clamp on the

level wind.
¾ Determine the damage to the gooseneck and the

coiled tubing string.

CO
OILED TUBING CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES
Gooseneck Collapse or Failure

Stuck Coiled Tubing String
Â The principal hazards associated with stuck coiled tubing string relate
to possible damage to the coiled tubing string that may effect
subsequent limitations or performance and the potential inability to
circulate fluids in the wellbore due to bridging or plugging at a
restriction.
Â The coiled tubing string may get stuck in the wellbore as a result of
several operational or wellbore conditions. In some cases, it may only
be possible to move the string in one direction, or movement may be
possible only with the application of force greater than anticipated.
Note
Care must be taken to ensure that the maximum tensile load placed on
the coiled tubing string precautions identified below should be
implemented when one or more of the following conditions exist:
• Mechanical hang-up.
• BHA or tool malfunction.
• Fluid density and buoyancy changes.
• Flash set treatment fluid.
• Settling of solid particles in circulation fluid.
• Formation of hydrates.
• Distorted coiled tubing string hanging on pressure control
equipment.
Â Investigate possible actions to counteract or overcome the sticking

mechanism and recover the entire tool string.
• Improve fluid circulation, change rate or fluid type and increase
production rate as applicable.
• Change buoyancy, reduce the fluid density in the coiled tubing
string to enable greater force at stuck point.
• Circulation of chemicals, to dissolve or weaken hang-point.
Â Investigate contingency actions to enable the coiled tubing string to be

released and recovered.
Â Release and retrieve the coiled tubing string.

Treatment Line Or Surface Equipment Leak
Â The principal hazards associated with treating line leaks relate to the
release of high pressure treatment fluids and the interruption to normal
operations that may required to resolve the problem. In some cases,
the coiled tubing internal pressure must be maintained to prevent
collapse of the coiled tubing string. Therefore, any requirement to stop
or suspend pumping should be undertaken with a full understanding of
the operational conditions and implications of any actions.
Â In the event that a leak is detected in the treatment lines or equipment

at surface, the following actions are recommended:
• Quickly assess severity of leak and if operational status

permits, reduce the pumping rate.
• Consider the operational status and the possibility for safe

isolation or repair of the leak.
Â If the leak is tolerable to enable completion of the operation or allow

the operation to be suspended at an appropriate point:
• Reduce pumping pressure to the minimum.
• Clear the danger area and alert well site personnel to the
hazard.
• Stop coiled tubing string movement and stop circulation.
• Isolate the coiled tubing string to maintain adequate internal

pressure.
• Flush the lines to water.
• Bleed-off any residual pressure and attempt to repair or

replace the faulty component.
• Before resuming normal operations, pressure test the

lines/equipment and equalize the pressure across the coiled

tubing string isolation valve before attempting to resuming

circulation.
Â If the leak is severe or poses an immediate and unacceptable hazard:

• Stop the pumping.
• Stop the injector head and isolate the coiled tubing string.
• Close the BOP slip and pipe rams.
• Bleed-off any residual surface pressure and flush treatment

lines to water.
• Repair or replace the faulty component.
• Monitor the coiled tubing string and wellhead pressure.
• Before resuming normal operations, pressure test the

lines/equipment and equalize the pressure across the coiled
tubing string isolation valve before attempting to resume
circulation.


Leak in Treatment Lines

Power Pack Failure
Â The principal hazards associated with power pack failure relate loss of
power to the injector head and the requirement to safely secure the
coiled tubing string against uncontrolled forces and movement. Back-
up systems typically provide hydraulic power for pressure control
equipment. However, in the event of catastrophic failure these systems
may be jeopardized. Consequently, responses to power pack failure
should be directed to safe securing of the coiled tubing string while
maintaining adequate control of the well.
• Stop the injector head and apply the injector head brake.
• Apply the reel brake.
• Close the slip rams.
• Depending on operational requirements, reduce pump rate

and maintain slow circulation.
• Prepare to repair or replace the power unit.
• Before resuming operations, all hydraulic systems should be

monitored and checked.


Power Pack Failure

Crane Or Load Bearing Equipment Failure

Â The principal hazards associated with the failure of load bearing
surface equipment include:
• Injury to personnel in the immediate area.

• Damage to the wellhead and pressure containing equipment
resulting in a release of wellbore fluid or high-pressure
treatment fluid.
• Loss of contingency / emergency pressure control functions.
Â Any actions or response to the failure of load bearing equipment

should be made with consideration of the following:
• The priority should be to secure the well without exposing

wellsite personnel to further risk or danger.
• With the well secured, options to resolve any problem should
be carefully reviewed with consideration given to the existing
wellbore conditions, and the current capability of surface
equipment.
• If the coiled tubing string is in the wellbore at the time of the
incident, the string should be recovered to enable the integrity
and function of surface equipment to be confirmed.
• Any damage to wellhead or surface production equipment
should be assessed before continuing normal operations.
• Following repair or resolution of the problem, normal
operations should not continue until all equipment are function
or pressure tested.
Operation Shut-Down Or Suspension

There are several external influences that may cause a coiled tubing
operation to be suspended or aborted. Some may be reasonably
foreseeable (weather or concurrent rig based operations), while others
may be sudden and unpredictable. The key priorities in each case
include:
• The safety of personnel at well site during the suspension and
resumption processes.
• Maintaining control of the well at all times, including well

security during operation and suspension.


• Pressure Testing and Inspection Standard
Objective
This standard determines and document the inspection procedure for high
pressure treating equipment and connections.
This standard shall be followed in order to prevent injuries, accidents and
equipment loss caused by the failure of high pressure treating equipment and
connections.
Scope
This standard provides inspection criteria to determine if treating equipment
and connections meet minimum standards.
It is the location responsibility to establish appropriate maintenance intervals
that address their activity level. An appropriate maintenance schedule must be
established by the location to address requirements such as, but not limited to,
the greasing of chiksans and valves in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations.
Customers or local regulations may have additional requirements which shall
be adhered providing it meets or exceeds the minimum requirement of this
standard.
Policy
All locations shall inspect and test treating equipment and connections as
required in this standard. Sprint personnel or a qualified third party agency can
apply this Standard. In either case, all aspects of this standard must be applied
and documented.
Responsibility
Management at all levels is responsible for the implementation of this Safety
Standard. Locations managers shall provide the necessary equipment and
resources to ensure that this standard is implemented.
All locations managers are responsible to communicate and train all personnel
as to the requirements of this standard.
All parts failing the inspection shall be removed from service. All non reparable
parts must be destroyed and not to be used again.
The Service Supervisor is responsible for understanding the requirements of
this standard and should ensure that all pieces identified as not being in
compliance with this standard should be removed from service.

General Inspection Requirement

• Minimum requirements for compliance with this Standard
o Each piece of treating equipment or connection must be identified
with a unique serial number that remains with the piece through its
life.
o Each piece must be inspected and pressure tested as per this
standard.
o The inspection and pressure test is to be performed every twelve
(12) months unless otherwise required on a more frequent basis.
o The results of the inspection and pressure test must be
documented. The documentation (either a paper copy or electronic
copy) must be kept on file at the operating location for one year or
until the next inspection.
o Any piece not meeting the requirements of this standard must be
taken out of service and repaired or destroyed..
• Treating equipment and connections are identified by two definitions:
o Standard treating connections which are the connections or
adapters that are used for connecting to the customers well.
o Integral and Non-Pressure Seal Thread (NPST): The union sub on
any type of treating equipment or connection can be attached by
the following two approved methods: Integral: The union sub is
machined directly on the connection/adapter. The connection
(example: lateral or tee) and union are machined out of one piece
of material. Non-Pressure Seal Thread (NPST): This
manufacturing technique is used on long joints and pup joints. It
requires that the pipe is screwed completely through the union and
the exposed portion of the pipe is then machined flush with the
sealing face of the union. See Figure below.

• Approved treating connections

o Approved Unions The only union approved for use within Well
Services is manufactured by ANSON for the pressures listed
below:
Application Pressure Union Style Size
15,000 psi (103,500 kpa) ANSON 1502 2” and 3”
20,000 psi (138,000 kpa) ANSON 2002 2” and 3”
o Unions manufactured by any other supplier are to be removed
from service immediately and destroyed.
• Treaded Connections
o All pressurized threaded connections shall be identified and
removed from service immediately (see picture below). Unless
required for low pressure operations(less then 3ooo psi) it should
be properly identified in yellow color and not mixed with the high
pressure 15000 psi rated treating iron.

• Welded Connections
o Treating components, such as risers for coil tubing or flange-by-
flange changeover, may be welded during the original
manufacturing process. This manufacturing technique is
acceptable if the component can meet the below requirements.
o High-pressure connections or components are never to be
modified or repaired at the operating location through the use of
welding. Never weld any identification numbers on components
such as cement heads, casing swages, etc.
o Any connections that are of welded construction and cannot meet
the requirements below must be removed from service and
destroyed immediately.
• Locally Manufactured Connections: If a component has been manufactured
locally it must meet the following requirements:
o The only high-pressure components that are approved for
manufacture on a local basis will be a flange by flange type
connection. This will include flow crosses and tees generally used
in coiled tubing type work. When 1502 type connections are
required on the flow cross, that connection will be adapted to the
cross or tee by using a 1502 union profile by flange connection.
This will be bolted to the cross or tee.
o The flange by flange connections can only be manufactured at API
certified machine shop with a current certificate showing it as an
approved API shop with the capability to design and manufacture
to API 6a specifications.
o The API machine shop must retain traceability information on the
material of construction in their QA system.

o If the component is welded the API shop must retain the welding
plan and documentation of such in their QA system.
o Any component manufactured by the API machine shop on a local
basis must have the following minimum design characteristics.
A minimum of a 2:1 Safety Factor at working pressure.
The API shop must provide the requesting location with
the minimum wall thickness at which the component will
have a 1.5:1 Safety Factor remaining. Safety Factor is
defined as: SF = Yield strength of the material / Von Mises
Stress Calculation at the thinnest wall.
The minimum SF wall thickness information will be
retained at the district to be used during the annual
inspection of the component. When the component wall
thickness reaches the minimum, it is to be removed from
service.
o All locally manufactured components must have the following
information marked on the component such that it will remain with
the component for its operating life. This information cannot be
welded on the component.
Unique serial number attached to the component in such a
manner that it will stay with the component until it is
removed from service. This number must be traceable
back to the material of construction at the supplier.
The manufacturers mark clearly identifying them as the
original manufacturer.
The working pressure of the component.
• The use of third party inspectors

o The operating location or a qualified third party inspector can
perform the annual inspection as per this standard minimum
requirement.
o The inspecting party is required to red tag and set aside all
components that do not comply with this standard. Local
management must destroy any equipment that cannot be repaired
or restored to the point that it is in compliance with this Well
Services Safety Standard.
o Situations will arise where a third party inspectors will advise that
certain components may not have any lasting value if repaired. it is
left to the Location Manager to make the decision as to whether
the component will be repaired.

ANNUAL INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
Annual Inspection
All components subjected to high-pressure and/or used to convey treating
fluids from the high pressure pump to the well are to be inspected every 12
months. Depending on the location, the activity level and the types of services
being performed, inspections may be required on a more frequent basis: every
six months. The inspection will as a minimum include the following:
o Visual inspection
o Wall thickness test
o Union inspection
o Identification and banding of the component
o Pressure test
o Documentation of results.
• Visual Inspection:
All components must be thoroughly cleaned before performing the visual
inspection.
A complete visual inspection to identify points of erosion and wear should be
carried.
Components with erosion defects must be subjected to ultrasonic thickness
testing in a specific area of concern in addition to those areas required by this
standard.
Visual inspection also includes the examination of the male and female union
ends to detect the possibility of a crack. Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) will
be used to confirm the presence of the crack.
• Wall Thickness Test:

All components will have the wall thickness
measured through the use of an ultrasonic
thickness tester. The points of inspection are
shown in the figures below.
Other components that require complete
ultrasonic testing are those components that
cannot be disassembled. (Example, discharge
manifolds using NPST union connections, cement
head manifolds, and cementing loops).

• Pressure Test:
A documented pressure test to the manufacturers working pressure of the iron
is required. This pressure will be held for a minimum of three (3) minutes
unless otherwise specified. The documentation must show:
Component wall thickness
Rejection details
Pressure test results
• Inspection Flow Chart

The below flow chart describes the correct sequence to follow during the
annual inspection and testing.
All steps must be performed until a component is discarded or the final
successful inspection and test procedure is completed.


Visual Inspection
The visual aspect is one of the more important parts of the overall
inspection process. The visual inspection offers freedom to look for defects
that may require a different type of inspection (Magnetic Particle) or wall
thickness in other questionable areas other than the specific ones
described in this standard.
When doing a visual inspection, regardless of the type of connection, look
for erosion cuts, cracks in the root of threads, pitting from exposure to acid,
heavily corroded areas and cracks at intersecting bores (as in laterals and
tees).
The lugs (ears) of all the wing nuts are to be examined. Over time the
damage done to the lugs buy hammers can produce deformed metal at the
point of impact and produce fragments that can cause injuries.
All union lugs worn must be ground to the original configuration
Any union lug that is worn to create a sharp edge must be removed from
service.
These requirements for the grinding of the ears will apply to high pressure
and low-pressure wing nuts.
Specific Component Visual Inspection Requirements

The following are specific visual inspection requirements for various types of
treating equipment and connections.
Chiksans:
Inspect all chiksans using a light to check the bore of the chiksan for wear
or erosion.
If the chiksan shows any signs of erosion or wear test the point of concern
with the ultra sonic thickness tester. The wall thickness at that point must
meet the requirements as shown in the following table
Check for cracks in the root of the 1502 acme thread
The hammer lugs on the wing nut are within acceptable limits
Seal rubber condition
Damage to the 1502 acme threads.
Manually rotate all swivels to check for any wear in the ball races or
stiffness. If rotation of the swivel indicates wear, the joint must be
disassembled for inspection of the ball races.
When replacing an individual elbow of a swivel assembly, evaluate the
remaining life in the other sections of the swivel when making the decision
to make the repair investment.


Tees, Laterals, Changeovers:

Inspect for internal erosion especially at the intersecting bores and cracks
at the intersecting bores.
Check for cracks in the root of the 1502 acme thread.
Valves:
Inspect all valves for internal bore erosion.

Check Valves:
Inspect all check valves for internal erosion.
The flapper or dart valve assembly is complete and is free to move.
The flapper sealing rubber is bonded to the flapper.
The hammer lugs on the wing nut are within acceptable limits.
Seal rubber condition.
Loops:
Inspect for internal erosion.
Check swivels as described in swivel section above.
Check for cracks in the root of the 1502 Acme thread
The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits
Seal rubber Condition
Damage to the Acme 1502 threads
Ball Injector:
Check the base for internal erosion
Treating Pipe:
All long joints and pup joints must be of NPST (Non Pressure Seal Thread)
construction or integral.
Cement Head:
All cement heads are to have an internal and external visual inspection. During
the visual inspection any signs of erosion or corrosion are to be noted.
Cement Head to Casing Pin Connections (8 rd / Buttress/Others):

Because of repeated use and application of torque to the thread, these
connections will experience a high rate of wear. Because of this wear these
casing pin connections must be checked before every job.

The same will apply to change over connections routinely used between the
cement head and casing. Visually inspect the casing pin for the following:
Thread damage
Insure the pin is still round and not misshapen.
Corrosion
Erosion
Threaded Manifolds for Cement Heads:

In the case of a threaded manifold special attention must be given to the
threaded (NPT) nipples used in the manifold. If the old style threaded manifold
cannot meet the specifications of Figure below (minimum wall thickness of
0.125”), the manifold is to be replaced.
The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits (See Figure 23)

Integral Manifolds for Cement Heads:

Inspect all valves for internal erosion.
Remove the 2” valves and 2” lift sub and visually inspect the bore of the
cross manifold.
Wellhead Connections:
Check for erosion or damage on any sealing surface.
Flange by 1502
Carefully inspect the flange seal ring areas.
Insure the Flange is identified by serial number, manufacturer I. D. and
working pressure.
Double-drilled flanges are not approved for Sprint HP operations.
Thread by 1502
Tubing and Casing threads (8rd,buttress and others) must be inspected every
twelve (12) months by a thread inspection company.
Cement Pumping Unit Manifolds:

Threaded Manifolds:
High pressure threaded manifolds are no longer approved by Well Services.
Permanently Installed Offshore Cement Unit Manifolds, Land Cementing

Units and Portable Offshore Pumping Units:
Cementing units with integral manifolds will only be disassembled for internal
visual inspection once every three years.

During the annual inspection the discharge manifold will under go the ultra
sonic testing as well as the pressure test normally required.
To perform the annual pressure test of the manifold when disassembly is not
required the steps listed below are to be followed:
Disconnect the manifold from both fluid ends at the 1502 union closest
to each fluid end.
Ensure that all the air is remove from the manifold before pressure
testing is started.(by filling from the bottom, and bleeding from the top).
Test the manifold to 15,000 psi and hold for three minutes.
All valves are to be tested in the open position.
The vales in the manifold should be differentially tested to the highest
working pressure of the two fluid ends on the unit. This applies as long
as the working pressure of the fluid end does not exceed the working
pressure of the manifold.
The remaining connection still in the fluid end is to be pressure tested
to the working pressure of the fluid end to which it is attached.
The Acme adapters are prone to excessive ball race wear from lack of
grease and movement. Although the standard does not call for annual
disassembly and inspection, doing so can add considerable service life
to this component.
Adjustable Choke:
All parts used in the assembly are to be approved parts. No substitute or locally
purchased parts are to be used in this assembly
Completely disassemble the adjustable choke.
The bonnet packing bores are to be cleaned and inspected for rust and
pitting. Any pitting that will not allow the packing to seal will be cause
for the removal of the bonnet from service.
The body of the choke is to be carefully examined for erosion and
corrosion.
Pay close attention to the shoulder area where the choke bean
normally seats.
If there are signs of erosion where the bean seats, the body is to be
removed from service.
Any other erosion in the ID of the body greater than 1/4” deep will
require that the body of the choke be removed from service.
Damage to the Acme 1502 thread

ULTRASONIC TESTER to measure Wall Thickness

Component Allowable Wall Thickness
Wear limits for the various types of components are as shown in following
table.
When the wall thickness of the component is equal to or lower than the
requirements listed, the equipment must be removed from service and
destroyed.
Location manager is directly responsible for ensuring that these parts are
removed from service and destroyed.
7.3.2 Ultrasonic Test procedure
Calibrate the ultrasonic tester each day using the manufacturers
procedure.
Proof of calibration must be available any time requested.
Remove paint, grease, rust and other materials from the area to be
tested.
The ultrasonic tester needs a small area of clean metal for the test.
Measure the wall thickness at the desired area.
Compare the results of the wall thickness tests to the Allowable Wall
Thickness for the components as shown in the following table.
Any component that shows a wall thickness equal to or less than the
allowable thickness must be removed from service and destroyed.
7.3.3 Specific Areas to Test Wall Thickness
The following figures show where to position the ultrasonic tester to get
the readings.
These readings indicate the areas of highest wear.
The visual inspection can also identify other areas that need testing.
For accurate results, take at least three readings from around the
circumference of the test area.



NPST (Non Pressure Seal Thread) Union End ID Gauges

During visual inspection erosion may be identified in the ID of a NPST long
joint immediately under the Figure 1502.
In situations where the ultra sonic thickness tester cannot be applied, the ID
gauges identified are to be used. The gauge is of a No-Go design, therefore
the gauge will indicate Accept or Reject.
The following list of gauges (used to check the ID of both ends of all NPST
long Joints) can be purchased from Woods Machine in Tulsa.
P/N 605833000 No-Go Gauge 2" 1502 Female Pipe Sub
P/N 605834000 No-Go Gauge 2" 1502 Male Pipe Sub
P/N 605835000 No-Go Gauge 3" 1502 Female Pipe Sub
P/N 605836000 No-Go Gauge 3" 1502 Male Pipe
NON-Destructive Testing
In some areas, local authorities or regulations may require the use of non-
destructive testing as part of the inspection of high-pressure equipment. In
these situations magnetic particle or dye penetration will be used.
After visual inspections, if cracks are suspected MPI will be used as
the preferred method of determining whether the cracks exist.
Any components that have cracks must be removed from service and
destroyed.
Annual Pressure Test Requirement

All treating equipment components must be pressure tested to their
maximum working pressure a minimum of every 12 months.
Components must not be tested at their test pressure (1.5 times
working)
The pressure testing of the equipment is the last step in the inspection
and testing process.
Components that cannot be connected to the test apparatus (wellhead
flanged connections or threaded wellhead changeovers) must be
tested before each job when they are connected to the wellhead.
They must be tested at a pressure higher than the expected treating
pressure.
Equipment must be tested with water.
Always arrange the components so that they can be filled with water
and the air removed at a high point. If you remove all the air from the
line, the time to reach and hold test pressure will be reduced.

Compressing air in the connection during pressure testing can produce

significant kinetic energy. In the event of a failure of the part during
testing, the energy due to compressed air can cause flying debris. All
effort must be made to remove air from the system.
Pressure Test Procedure

An acceptable pressure test is when the pressure stabilizes at the pressure
at which the test is being conducted.
If the pressure decreases from the initial test pressure and stabilizes, the
pressure can be increased to the required maximum working pressure until
the pressure stabilizes.
The pressure must be held for a minimum of three (3) minutes.
The equipment (gauges) being used to read the pressure should be such
that the test pressure falls with in 25% to 75% of the range of the gauge.
Do not use gauges where the test pressure is being read on the high and
low end of the gauge range.
Each high-pressure valve must be tested in the open position to make sure
the valve body holds the pressure at the maximum working pressure.
An acceptable pressure test for 10,000 or 15,000 psi equipment must satisfy
the following:
No visible leaks.
Pressure with in +/- 250 psi of required test pressure
Pressure drop in 3-minute test of no more than 250 psi
An acceptable pressure test for equipment rated between 5,000 psi and 3,000
psi must satisfy the following:
No visible leaks.
Initial pressure with in +/- 250 psi of required test pressure
An acceptable pressure test for equipment rated at 2,500 and below psi must
satisfy the following:
No visible leaks.
Initial pressure with in +/- 250 psi of required test pressure
Differential testing of plug valves

(pressure testing from both sides of the closed valve) is a maintenance
procedure and is not a requirement of Standard

Check Valves (dart and flapper)

Check valves are required to be pressure tested to working pressure utilizing
two working pressure tests.
These tests are:
Test against the checking assembly (opposite to the normal direction
of flow).
Test in the direction of flow for body integrity.
Pressure Testing Equipment and Safety Requirements

The pressure test must be done only with an air operated test pump. The
type of test pump recommended is a Haskel Model D14-125 or equivalent.
Run the pump with 125 psi (875 kpa) air pressure.
The flow rate at this pressure is approximately 1 gallon per minute (3.8 liter
each minute).
The Model D14-125 can reach more than 16,000 psi (112,000 kpa).
The air operated test pump must have an overpressure relief valve. This
valve must be tested before beginning the operation to make sure that it
opens at the correct pressure.
The relief valve must open at less than 500 psi (3500 kpa) above the test
pressure.
The vent line from the relief valve must be toward the ground or away from
any personnel.
The test area must be isolated and the operator must be protected from the
high-pressure components in case of a line failure.
The operator must see the pressure gauge at all times.
During the test, the operator must install a warning sign, in Safety Red,
marked:
DANGER - HIGH PRESSURE TEST
KEEP CLEAR
The sign must be in English and the local language.
Personnel must be advised of the pressure test operation and the area
must be closed to prevent personnel movement into the danger area.
Personnel should be kept at least 60 ft from the test area.

DOCUMENTATION AND IRON IDENTIFICATION

Treating iron that has passed inspection and pressure test must be
identified such that it can be tracked for the purposes of knowing when the
next inspection is required.
The information contained in the documentation must be:
Serial number of the individual components inspected.
Inspection date
Dimensional Information
Test Pressure applied
Person and company performing inspection
All new equipment going into service must have a stainless steel band
installed and the in-service date stamped on the band.
If not already on the band the serial number will be added to the stainless
steel band at the time of first annual inspection.
The date of the inspection will be added to the stainless steel band. Using
this method the stainless steel band will have to be replaced when there is
no longer room for additional dates.
NEVER weld to the surface of treating equipment.
HIGH PRESSURE HOSES

Coflexip Hose-Pressure Test
• The annual pressure test requirements for any coflexip hose will be 1.1
times the working pressure specified for that hose.
• The test pressure is to be held for 1 hour.
• The maximum pressure drop in one hour to meet the requirements of this
standard is 500 psi.
• The coflexip hose is to be pressure tested a minimum of once every 12
months.
• In any given 12 month period if the hose has been repaired or re-certified
by the manufacturer the 1.1 times working pressure test is not required
because the recertification test will have been done by the manufacture
repair center.
• The next annual inspection and pressure test will be 12 months from the
documented re-certification.
• Currently there are Coflexip hoses with terminations (end connections)
where the 1502 or 1002 union is attached directly to the hose. The newer
hoses have terminations that are a gray lock type connection so that a gray
lock by Figure 1502 connection can be removed and replaced.

• At the time of the annual pressure test the outer cover of the hose will be
visually inspected.
• Any damage to the outer cover such that it will allow damage to the next
layer must be repaired.
• Any damage to the outer layers such that it will allow corrosion to start on
the next metal layer must be repaired.
• All Coflexip hoses are to be assigned a unique serial number and attached
to the hose with a stainless steel band in the same manner as the other
inspected connections.
Parker Hannifin Hose

Visual Inspection
• The Parker Hannifin hose is to be visually inspected every six months.
• A visual inspection is to be done on the Non-Pressure Containing Abrasion
Cover on the hose. The purpose of the abrasion cover is to protect the
black polyurethane cover of the hose.
• The abrasion cover is to be inspected for tears and penetrations that will
allow the polyurethane cover of the hose to be damaged. If the abrasion
cover is damaged such that the polyurethane cover of the hose can be
damaged the abrasion cover should be replaced.
• If the black polyurethane cover of the hose is damaged to the point where
steel braid is exposed the hose should be removed from service and
returned to the supplier for repair or replacement.
• Check the hose end ID for any visual signs of wear to the internal lining. If
there are any signs of deterioration to the hose end adapter or the liner that
is visible the hose must be removed from service immediately. Look
specifically for signs of corrosion on the ID of the hose end adapters.
• The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits
• Seal rubber Condition
• Damage to the Acme 1502 threads
• Inspect both containment grips on each end of the hose. If there is damage
to the extent that the containment grips can no longer function, remove the
hose from service.
Pressure test
• The Parker-Hannifin hose (1” and 2”) is to be pressured tested to 10,000
psi working pressure and held for 3 minutes every 12 months.
• If the hose has any leaks through the exterior hose cover or at the crimped
end fittings the hose is to be taken out of service immediately.
• It will either be destroyed or returned to the supplier for repair if possible.

• The results of the visual inspection and the pressure test are to be
documented for each hose tested.
12.4 DAYCO Hose

Visual Inspection
• The hose is to be visually inspected every six months.
• If there is any bubbling of the polyethylene outer cover, the hose is to be
removed from service. Bubbles are an indication that the inner liner has
been comprised and fluid is being forced through the inner wire braiding.
• Check the hose end ID for any visual signs of wear to the internal lining. If
there are any signs of deterioration to the hose end adapter or the liner that
is visible the hose must be removed from service immediately. Look
specifically for signs of corrosion on the ID of the hose end adapters.
• The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits
• Inspect both containment grips on each end of the hose. If there is damage
to the extent that the containment grips can no longer function, remove the
hose from service.
• Over time the polyethylene outer covering may wear off and expose the
wire braiding. This is an acceptable condition ONLY if the first layer of
braiding has not be damaged. If the first layer of braiding is damaged, and
the second layer of wire is exposed, the hose must be replaced.
Pressure test
• The hose is to be pressured tested to 5,000 psi working pressure and held
for 5 minutes every 12 months.
• If the hose has any leaks through the exterior hose cover or at the crimped
end fittings the hose is to be taken out of service immediately.
• The pressure test will be applied to the jumper hose from the pump to the
reel as well as the main hose from the reel to the well.
• It will either be destroyed or returned to the supplier for repair if possible.
• The results of the visual inspection and the pressure test are to be
documented for each hose tested.

Cementer (Wash-up) hoses and pumping priming 2500 psi (17,500 kpa)
Visual Inspection
• Check the hose end ID and OD for any visual signs of wear to the covering
and bore. If there are any signs of deterioration to the hose end adapter or
the liner the hose must be removed from service.
• Look specifically for signs of corrosion on the ID of the adapter.
• Check for cracks in the root of the 1502 Acme thread
• The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits (See Figure 23)
Pressure Test
• The hose is to be pressure tested to 2500 psi and held for 3 minutes.
• If the hose has any leaks through the cover or end fittings the hose is to be
taken out of service immediately. It will either be destroyed or returned to
the supplier for repair if possible.
13.0 CEMENT HEAD INSPECTION

Cement heads and manifolds are to be inspected and pressure test at a
minimum every 12 months.
Ultrasonic Thickness Test; Perform an ultra sonic thickness test on the head
and manifold
Visual Inspection
• Check for cracks in the root of the 1502 Acme thread
• The hammer lugs on the wing are within acceptable limits (See Figure 23)
Pressure Test
• Pressure test to the working pressure of the head
• Hold the stabilized pressure test for 3 minutes.
• The cement head valve manifold is to be tested with the valves in the open
position.
Inspection of the pull pin assembly
• Remove the pull pin assembly and disassemble.
• The pull pin is to be inspected for corrosion, bending and cracks.
• Each pull pin is to be subjected to magnetic particle (MPI) or dye penetrant
inspection.
• Any pin showing cracks are to be removed from service and replaced.

• The pull pin is to have a machined mechanical stop on the end of the pin
protruding into the cement head body.
Casing Pin Thread Inspection

• The casing thread connection in the cement head must be inspected every
6 months as a minimum requirement.
• The buttress and API 8 round connections must be checked with thread gauge.
• Use one side of the gauge to check the thread as shown and Use the
gauge to identify nonuniform threads on the pin. If the threads are identified
as being out of specification, then the pin should be taken to an inspection
service company.
• Use the other side of the gauge to check the taper of the threads as shown
in Figure.
• Any time there is any space between the gauge and the thread the gap
must be measured using a feeler gauge. When the gap is a .015” (38mm)
or more, the threads of the pin must be checked by an inspection service
company and repaired if possible.
• At minimum of every twelve months, all casing pin adapters are to be
inspected by a set of API gauges by a qualified inspection company.

Cement Head Manifolds:

There are two types cement head manifolds: Threaded and Integral.
The various manifolds when used with the head described below are
acceptable.
Acceptable Type of Manifold Manufact Style of head

Threaded (NPT* or Acme threads) UIE Cast
OCT Cast / Fabricated
IRI Fabricated (welded)
Integral (HP) Hybrid Integral (HP)
IRI Integral (HP)
Threaded Manifolds for Cement Heads:

• All threaded cement head manifolds must have a complete visual
inspection
• The components must be tested with an ultrasonic tester according to
Figure below
• Multiple thickness readings are to be taken around the circumference at
every position marked with a letter X.
Integral Manifolds for Cement Heads:

• All integral cement head manifolds must have a complete visual inspection.
• The components must be tested with an ultrasonic tester according to
Figure below
• Multiple thickness readings are to be taken around the circumference at
every position marked with a letter X.
• All cement heads and manifolds are to be assigned a unique serial number
and this serial number is attached with a stainless steel band in such a
manner that it is permanent.
• Document the results of the inspection and pressure test.
• Any cement head or component not passing any part of the inspection or
pressure test is to be removed from service and repaired or replaced.


Requirements For Hydraulic Horsepower Testing Of Positive

Displacement Pumps:
Note: The following requirements must be followed to construct a test area to
do the hydraulic horsepower tests on high-pressure, positive displacement
pump units. Never use this area to pressure test any treating line connections.
Test Area Set up and General Procedures

Test area must include:
A supply tank,
C-pump,
Suction pressure gauge,
Pressure recording device connected to the high-pressure side of
the pump,
A treating tee with a rupture disc adapter or prv,
Adjustable choke with a one-piece needle,
A section of 3-inch pipe and a return line.
• All treating line pipes and connections must be secured and used only in
the testing of positive displacement pumps for hydraulic horsepower.
• The section of 3-inch pipe must be at least 16 feet (5 meters) and end in a
treating tee with a bull plug
• The end of the return line pipe going into the tank must be visible so that
return flow can be seen flowing into the tank.
• If a remote control choke is used, there must be an indicator visible to the
pump operator, which shows how much the choke is open. If the choke is
manually operated, the pumps must be stopped before adjustment is made
to the choke.
• Before testing, flush fluids ends and piping with clean water.
• All fluid ends must have suction burst disc valves.
• Follow this Standard Operating and Safety Procedure for pump rates used
for different diameter treating lines and their connections.
• All connections must be tested according to Standard– Inspection and Test
Procedures for High Pressure Treating Connections
• The priming of the pump units must follow Pressure Pumping and Location
Safety, through for the adjustable choke in the fully open position.
• The discharge hole in the burst disc adapter must be located away from
work areas. The adapter can be installed in a vertical position or you can
install a downward nozzle.
• The choke assembly must be disassembled and inspected after 5
operations of the pump to inspect the condition of the choke stem. Inspect
the choke stem for cracks or wear.

• Never run a pump with bad valves and valve seats.
Hydraulic horsepower test procedures

• Check and test the overpressure shutdowns to make sure they are set and
operating between 5-7,000 psi (34,500-48,300 kpa).
• If the overpressure shutdowns are not working, stop the test.
• Make sure that the adjustable choke is fully open.
• Run the engine until it reaches operating temperature.
• Follow the procedures in Pressure Pumping and Location Safety to prime
the pumps and circulate the fluid to the tank.
• Stop the pump unit and close the choke to the first position. Select a gear
and start the test.
• Always run the unit at more than 1500 rpm or with the converter in the lock-
up position.
• If the choke position does not provide the necessary pressure to pull the
Hydraulic Horsepower required, shut down the pump, reposition the choke
adjustment to the next level and repeat the procedure until the required
hydraulic horsepower is accomplished.
• During the test, never exceed the working pressure for the fluid end.

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Operations Standards booklet

Operations Standards Manual Rev. 02 Page 1 of 171

We are committed to provide effective Solutions to meet our client’s

We shall remain focused on our core specialties and we shall continuously

We are committed to the proactive integration of QHSE objectives into our

Our technical knowledge covering the domains of Coiled Tubing, Nitrogen

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Capitalizing on our broad reach to different market technologies through our

Hossam A. Elmoneim Radi Moustafa

Operations Manager General Manager

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Business Ethics Policy

Proper Use of Corporate Assets

Conflict of Interest Policy

Software Duplication Policy

Sexual Harassment Policy

General Well Site and pumping Standard

Nitrogen and Foam Pumping Standard

Coiled Tubing Operation Standard

Pressure Testing Standards

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Business Ethics Policy

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Unintentional disclosure of confidential information can be just as harmful as

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Conflict of Interest Policy

Sometimes Sprint Oil and Gas Services employees or members of their

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Proper Use Of Corporate Assets

2. No payment to secure or retain business to direct business to any other

3. No payment shall be made to any government official, the objective of which

5. No entries shall be made in the books of accounts or in supporting

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8. All Managers shall be responsible for the enforcement of and compliance

9. In addition, a copy of this Policy Statement shall be included in all

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2. Enforcement - all managers (for employees reporting to them)

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Software Duplication Policy

Unless covered by agreements, a software program loaded on the hard disk of

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Sexual Harassment Policy

Sexual harassment can include such things as:

• unwelcome sexual advances or propositions;

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Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Policy

* Evaluation of HSE aspects and management of impacts.

Working safely and in an environmentally appropriate manner are conditions of

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Driving and Journey Management Policy

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Drug and Alcohol Policy

Substance abuse is defined as any substance, legal or illegal, used in an

Regular company physicals show that chronic alcohol consumption is a non-

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