Model answer chapter 2 session 3: 8) C) 32.

25° 𝐴 = 𝜃 + 2𝜃 → 60 = 3𝜃
→ 𝜃 = 20°
1) Choose the correct answer: The ray emerge tangentially
𝜑2 = 𝜑𝑐 = 40°
1) C) 15° 1 1
𝑛= = = 1.56
sin 𝜑𝑐 sin 40
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑 sin 𝜑
𝑛𝑎
= sin 𝜃1 → 1.56 = sin 𝜃
1
sin 𝜑 = 1.56 × sin 20 = 0.5330
𝜑 = 32.25°
𝟑 √𝟑
9) D)
𝟒
𝑛𝑎 sin 10 1 sin 10
= → =
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜃 1.5 sin 𝜃

=15
𝑛
2) C) 54.7° 𝐴 = 60° , 𝜑1 = 43° sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 𝑙 → 𝑛𝑙 = 𝑛ℎ sin 𝜑𝑐
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑 1.5 sin 43 ℎ

𝑛
= sin 𝜃1 → 1 = sin 𝜃 3 √3
𝑔 1 1 𝑛𝑙 = 1.5 × sin 60 = 4
sin 43
sin 𝜃1 = = 0.45
1.5 10) D) 46.46°
𝜃1 = 27.04°
𝜑2 = 𝐴 − 𝜃1 = 60 − 27.04 =
32.96°
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑2 1 sin(32.98)
= → =
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜃2 1.5 sin 𝜃2
sin 𝜃2 = sin(32.98) × 1.5 =
0.816
𝜃2 = 54.7°
As 𝜑1 ↓ , 𝜃1 ↓
3) D) all of
→ 𝜑2 ↑ 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑙 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝜑𝑐
them 1 1
sin 𝜑𝑐 = =
𝑛𝑔 √3
𝜑𝑐 = 35.26°
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑1
→ 60 = 𝜃1 + 35.26
𝜃1 = 24.74°
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑 sin 𝜑1
𝑛
= sin 𝜃1 → √3 = sin 24.74
𝑎 1
sin 𝜑1 = √3 × sin 24.74 = 0.724
𝜑1 = 46.46°
11) A) less The ray must fall with angle > 𝜑𝑐
4) B) less than
than So that it doesn’t emerge from BC
45° 𝑛 1.2 4
36.87° sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛2 = 1.5 = 5
5) c) 45° 𝜑1 = 𝜃1 = 0 1
𝐴 = 𝜑2 = 30° 𝜑𝑐 = 53.13°
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑 1 sin 30
= sin 𝜃2 → 2 = sin 𝜃 𝜑2 > 𝜑𝑐
𝑛𝑔 2 √ 2
From figure
√2
sin 𝜃2 = √2 × sin 30 = 2
𝜃2 = 45°

6) a) 15° 𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 45 − 30 =
15°
7) C) 𝑙𝑥𝑦 𝑙𝑥𝑦 1
sin 𝐴 = 𝑙𝑥𝑧
= 3𝑙 =3
𝑥𝑦
𝐴 = 19.47° ABC > 53.13°
𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 𝜃 < 36.87°
→ 30 = 𝜑1 + 0 − 19.47
𝜑1 = 48.43°
 12) A) the total internal refelction 17) C
happened on AC & CB
angle of reflrection = 45°
𝜑𝑐 > 45°
1 1
𝑛
< 2 → 𝑛 ≈ √2
√

13) D 𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴
14) a) fig (4) A) 4

B) fig( 3) 𝜑1 = 90 − 30 = 60°
𝐴 = 50° → Because the apex
C) fig (3) angle between the two faces that
refracts light on the prism
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 50 = 35.26 + 𝜑2
B) → 𝜑2 = 14.74°
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑
𝑛
= sin 𝜃2
𝑔 2
1 sin 14.74°
→ 1.5
= sin 𝜃2
sin 𝜃2 = 1.5 × sin 14.74° = 0.38
→ 𝜃2 = 22.44°
b) 𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 60 +
15) A 𝜑1 = 45° , 𝜃2 = 52° , 𝑛 = 1.5 22.44 − 50 = 32.44°
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑1 sin 45 18) A 𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 𝜑2 = 𝐴 − 𝜃1
𝑛𝑎
=sin 𝜃1
→ 1.5 = sin 𝜃 = 70 − 30 = 40°
1

sin 𝜃1 =
sin 45
=
√2
→ 𝜃1 = 19) B 𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑2 1 sin 40
1.5 3 = → = → 𝑛𝑔
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜃2 𝑛𝑔 sin 80
28.13°
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑 1 sin 𝜑 = 1.53
= sin 𝜃2 → 1.5 = sin 522 𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑1 sin 𝜑1
𝑛𝑔 2 20) B
sin 52 = → 1.53 =
sin 𝜑2 = = 0.525 𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜃1 sin 30
1.5
→ 𝜑2 = 31.69° sin 𝜑1 = 1.53 × sin 30 = 0.765
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 = 28.13 + 31.69 = → 𝜑1 = 49.91°
59.82° 21) C 𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 49.91 + 80 −
16) B 70 = 59.91°
𝜑1 = 60° , 𝑛 = √3
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑 sin 60 22) B 𝐴 = 180 − (50 + 68) = 62°
= sin 𝜃1 → √3 = sin 𝜃 𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑 sin(90−30)
𝑛𝑎 1 1
𝑛
= sin 𝜃1 = sin(90−50) = 1.35
sin 60 1 𝑎 1
sin 𝜃1 = =2 → 𝜃1 = 30° 𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑2 1 sin(90−68)
√3
𝑛𝑔
= sin 𝜃2
→ 1.35 = sin 𝜃2
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 60 = 30 + 𝜑2
→ 𝜑2 = 30° sin 𝜃2 = 1.35 × sin(90 − 68) =
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑 1 sin 30 0.505
𝑛
= sin 𝜃2 → 3 = sin 𝜃 → 𝜃2 = 30.38°
𝑔 2 √ 2
√3 𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 60 + 30.38 −
sin 𝜃2 = √3 × sin 30 = 2 →
62 = 28.38°
𝜃2 = 60° 23) B 𝐴 = 180 − (50 + 70) = 60°
𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 60 + 60 − 24) B 𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 𝜑2 = 𝐴 − 𝜃1
60 = 60° = 60 − 25 = 35°
25) B 𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜑1 sin 40
= → 𝑛𝑔 =
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜃1 sin 25
= 1.52
26) B 𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑2 1 sin 35
= → =
𝑛𝑔 sin 𝜃2 1.52 sin 𝜃2
sin 𝜃2 = 1.52 × sin 35 = 0.87
→ 𝜃2 = 60.67°
 27) C 𝜑1 = 𝜃1 = 0, 𝐴 = 𝜑2 = 𝜑𝑐 = 45°
1 1 1 → 𝜑𝑐 = 41.81°
𝑛 = sin 𝜑 = sin 𝐴 = sin 45 = √2
𝑐 𝜑2 > 𝜑𝑐 →
28) B 𝜃2 = 90° , 𝜑2 = 𝜑𝑐 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
1 1
sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = 2 → 𝜑𝑐 = 𝜑2 = 45° the ray falls normally on face BC
√
𝜑1 = 𝜃1 = 0 thus the angle of emergence:
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 = 0 + 45 = 45° 𝜃2 = 0
29) A 𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 72 = 30 + 𝜑2 37) B the angle between the emergent
𝜑2 = 42° ray and the extension of the
30) B 1 1 incident ray = 60
𝑛= = = 1.49
sin 𝜑𝑐 sin 42 38) A
31) C 𝑛 sin 𝜑1 sin 𝜑1
= → 1.49 =
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜃1 sin 30
sin 𝜑1 = 1.49 × sin 30 = 0.745
32) B 1 1
sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = 1.58 → 𝜑𝑐 = 39.27°
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 70 = 𝜃1 + 39.27
𝜃1 = 30.73° 1 1
𝑛 sin 𝜑 sin 𝜑1 sin 𝜑𝑐 = = → 𝜑𝑐 = 41.81°
𝑛
= sin 𝜃1 → 1.58 = sin 30.73 𝑛 1.5
𝑎 1
𝜑2 = 60° > 𝜑𝑐
sin 𝜑1 = 1.58 × sin 30.73 =
→ 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
0.807 → 𝜑1 = 53.84°
𝜃2 = 30°
33) C 𝜑2 = 𝜃2 = 0 𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑2 1 sin 30
𝐴 = 𝜃1 = 30° = → =
𝑛 sin 𝜃2 1.5 sin 𝜃2
𝑛 sin 𝜑1 sin 𝜑1 3
= → √3 = sin 𝜃2 = 1.5 × sin 30 =
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜃1 sin 30 4
sin 𝜑1 = √3 × sin 30 =
→
√3 𝜃2 = 48.59°
2 39) B 1 1
𝜑1 = 60° sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = 1.5 , 𝜑𝑐 = 41.81o , 𝜑2
34) B 𝜑1 = 𝜃1 = 0 > 𝜑𝑐 , ∴ the falling ray on side ab
𝐴 = 𝜑2 = 30° reflects totally.
𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 → 20 = 𝜃2 − 30 b) ng Sin30 o =na Sin𝜃2 ,
𝜃2 = 50° 1.5 Sin 30 o= Sin𝜃2 , 𝜃2 =48.59 o
𝑛𝑎 sin 𝜑 sin 50
𝑛
= sin 𝜃2 → 𝑛 = sin 30 = 1.53
2
35) B

40) B 1 1
Sin𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = → 𝜑𝑐 = 45o , the
𝑔 √2
light ray passes and falls on the
𝜑2 = 𝜃2 = 0 opposite face to the right angle by
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 40 = 𝜃1 an angle equals 45 o which is equal
sin 𝜑 sin 60
𝑛 = sin 𝜃1 = sin 40 = 1.35 to the critical angle so the light ray
1
36) B emerges tangentially to the
opposite face to the right angle by
an angle of emerge = 90

𝜑1 = 𝜃1 = 0
𝜑2 = 𝐴 = 60°
1 1
sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = 1.5
 41) B the ray emerges normally 𝜑2 = 𝜃2 → 𝜑𝑐 = 45 o
=0 𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 75 = 𝜽1 + 45 →
𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 𝜽1 = 30 o
∴ 25 = 𝜑1 + 0 – 35 𝜑1 = 60 o 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑
n= 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃1 → 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑1 = √2 Sin30 →
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 𝜃1 = A = 35 o 1
sin 𝜑1 𝑆𝑖𝑛60 𝜑1 = 45 o
n= = = 1.51 47) B 𝑛2 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑1 1.5 𝑆𝑖𝑛45
sin 𝜃1 𝑆𝑖𝑛35 = → = → 𝜽1 =
𝑛1 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃1 1.3 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃1
42) B o
37.79
A= 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 , 45 = 37.79 +
𝜑2 → 𝜑2 = 7.21 o ,
Sinθ2 = n2 Sin𝜑2 =
1.5 x Sin 7.21 , θ2 = 10.85

the ray refracts it's path

The ray falls on face xy normally
𝜑2 = 𝜃2 = 0
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 𝜃1 = A = 30
sin 𝜑 𝑆𝑖𝑛45 48) B
n= sin 𝜃1 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛30 = √2
1
43) B 𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 = 𝜃 + 2𝜃 → 60=3 ,
∴ 𝜃 =20 o
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑆𝑖𝑛(3𝑥20)
n=𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑2 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛(2𝑥20) = 1.35
1
sin 𝜑
n= sin 𝜃1 1 1
1
n = 𝑆𝑖𝑛Φc = 𝑆𝑖𝑛42 = 1.49 ,
Sin𝜑1 = n Sin 𝜃1 = 1.35 Sin20, →
𝜑1 =27.5 Sin𝜑1 = n Sin 𝜽1 = 1.49 x Sin 30
44) A 𝑙 𝑙 𝜑1 = 48.16 o , ∵ 𝜑2 > 𝜑𝑐 , ∴ the
tan A = 𝑙𝑦𝑧 = 1 𝑦𝑧 = 2, ∴ A=63.43 o
𝑥𝑦 𝑙
2 𝑦𝑧
light ray is totally reflected then it
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 → 63.43 = emerges perpendicularly from the
1
𝜑 + 𝜑2 = 𝜑2
3 prism with an angle = 0 o
2 2 2
49) B Sin 𝜑1 = n Sin 𝜃1 , Sin 45 = 1.5 x
𝜑2 = 42.29 o
Sin 𝜃1
the ray emerges tangentially, 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 45
𝜑2 = 42.29 o Sin 𝜃1 = 1.5
→ 𝜃1 = 28.13 o
1 1 1 1
n= = = 1.49 Sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛
= 1.5 , → 𝜑𝑐 = 41.81 o
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑𝑐 𝑆𝑖𝑛42.29
45) B 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝛷1 The light ray falls on the face bc
n= 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃
1 with angle 73.13 o which is greater
∴ 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑1 = 𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃1 = than the critical angle (41.81 o) so
42.29
1.49 𝑆𝑖𝑛 ( 2 ), ∴ 𝜑1 = 32.51 o it is totally reflected and falls on
𝛼 = 𝜑1 + 𝜃2 − 𝐴 = 32.51 + 90 – the face ac by an angle 28.13 o , n
63.43 = 59.08 o Sin 𝜑2 = Sin 𝜃2
Sin θ2
46) A n = Sin 𝜑 , 1.5 Sin 28.13 o = Sin 𝜃2
2
→ 𝜃2 = 45 o

𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑
n= 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃1 ,
1
∴ 𝜃1 𝝰 𝜑1
∵ A= 𝜃1 + 𝜑2
𝜑2 increases as 𝜑1 decreases until
it equals 𝜑𝑐
1 1
Sin 𝜑𝑐 = 𝑛 = 2
√
50) b 1 1
nm = Sin 𝜑 = Sin 42
= 1.49 ,
𝑐
𝑛𝑤 1.33
In water: Sin 𝜑𝑐 = =
𝑛𝑚 1.49
o
𝜑𝑐 = 63.2
𝐴 = 𝜃1 + 𝜑2 = 45
𝜑𝑐 > 𝜑2 So light will be refracted
away norm.
𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜑2 1.33 𝑆𝑖𝑛45
mnw = 𝑛𝑤 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃2
→ 1.49 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑚 2
→ 𝜽2 = 52.39 o