Formulas for Mensuration

1. Triangle
1
Area = 2 × 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ × ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
Perimeter = Sum of all side
• Scalene Triangle
i. Area = √𝑠(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐)
o Where, s is half of perimeter
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
o OR, 2
• Isosceles Triangle
𝑏
i. Area = 4 √4𝑎2 − 𝑏2
o Where, b is unequal side
o And, a is equal side
• Equilateral Triangle
√3
i. Area = × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 2
4
ii. Perimeter = 3×side
√3
iii. Height / Altitude = × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
2
√3
iv. Median(l) = 2 × ℎ
o a median of a triangle is a line segment joining a vertex to the
midpoint of the opposite side
• Right Angle Triangle
1
i. Area = 2 × 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 × ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
 ii. Right Angle Triangle have the property of
Pythagorean theorem
o Hypotenuse2 = Base2+height2
2. Quadrilateral

1
Area = 2 × 𝑑(ℎ1 + ℎ2 )
i. Where, d is diagonal
ii. And, h is height
Perimeter = Sum of all sides

• Square
i. Area = 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 2
ii. Perimeter = 4 × side
iii. Diagonal = √2 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
• Rectangle
i. Area = length × breadth
ii. Perimeter = 2(length+breadth)
iii. Diagonal = √𝑙 2 + 𝑏2
• Parallelogram
i. Area = base×height
ii. Perimeter = 2(length+breadth)
 • Rhombus
1
i. Area = 2 × 𝑑1 × 𝑑2
Where, 𝑑1 ≠ 𝑑2
Or, base × height
ii. Perimeter = 4 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
• Kite
1
i. Area = 2 × 𝑑1 × 𝑑2
Where, 𝑑1 ≠ 𝑑2
ii. Or,
absinθ
• Trapezium
1
i. Area = 2 × ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡(𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠)
ii. Perimeter = Sum of all sides
• Circle
i. Area = 𝜋𝑟 2
𝜋𝑟 2
ii. Area of semi-circle = 2
iii. Circumference = 2𝜋𝑟
iv. Circumference of semi-circle = 𝜋𝑟
𝛉
v. Arc length = 𝟑𝟔𝟎 × 𝟐π𝑟
𝛉
vi. Area of sector = 𝟑𝟔𝟎 × π𝑟 2
𝛉×𝜋 sin 𝛉
vii. Area of segment = { 360 − }𝑟 2
2

1. Cube
• 6 faces ( Square )
 • 12 edges/ Sides
• As we know cube is a 3-Dimentional figure and have 3
dimensions that is Length, Breadth and Height. In cube,
all three dimensions are equal.
• 8 vertex/ Corner
• Diagonal
i. Body diagonal ( Main diagonal ) = √3 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
o Which is 4 in cube.
ii. Face diagonal = √2 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
• Area
i. Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = 6 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 2
ii. Lateral Surface Area / Curved Surface Area ( L.S.A /
C.S.A ) = 4 × 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 2
• Volume = 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 3
2. Cuboid
• 6 faces ( Rectangle )
• 12 edges / sides
• Cuboid have length, breadth, and height
• 8 vertex
• Diagonal
i. Body diagonal ( Main diagonal ) =
√𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ2 + 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ2 + ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 2
o Which is 4 in a cuboid.
ii. Face diagonal = √𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ2 + 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ2
o Which is 2 in a cuboid.
• Area ( ‘l’ stands for length, ‘b’ stands for breadth and ‘h’
stands for height. )
 i. Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = 2( lb+bh+hl )
ii. Lateral Surface Area / Curved Surface Area ( L.S.A /
C.S.A ) = 2h( l+b )
iii. (𝑙 + 𝑏 + ℎ)2 = 𝑙2 + 𝑏2 + ℎ2 + 𝟐(𝒍𝒃 + 𝒃𝒉 + 𝒉𝒍)
o In the above equation you can see in the last
the bold letters are T.S.A of Cuboid.
iv. Volume = 𝑙 × 𝑏 × ℎ
3. Cylinder

• A solid figure formed by the revolution of one side of a

rectangle is called right cylinder.
• Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = 2πr(r+h)
• Curved Surface Area ( C.S.A ) = 2πrh
• Volume = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
4. Hollow cylinder
• Two co-axial cylinder having same height but different
radius is called hollow cylinder.
5. Cone
• A solid figure formed by the revolution of one line
segment which passes through a fix point and makes a
constant angle with the fix line segment is called cone.

• 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ2 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 2 + ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 2

i. 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = √𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 2 + ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 2
• Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = πradius( length+height )
i. OR, T.S.A = πr( l+h )
• Curved Surface Area ( C.S.A ) = π × radius × length
i. OR, C.S.A = 𝜋𝑟𝑙
 1
• Volume = 3 π𝑟 2 ℎ
6. Sphere
• The set of all point in 3-D which is equilateral from a fix
point is called sphere and the fix point is called centre of
sphere.

• Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = 4𝜋𝑟 2

• Curved Surface Area ( C.S.A ) = 4𝜋𝑟 2
4
• Volume = 3 π𝑟 3
7. Hemi-Sphere
• Half of sphere is called hemi-sphere.
 2
• Volume = 3 π𝑟 3
• Total Surface Area ( T.S.A ) = 3𝜋𝑟 2
• Curved Surface Area ( C.S.A ) = 2𝜋𝑟 2
8. Concentric-circle
• Centre-Same

• Through one point infinite circles can pass

• Through two points infinity circles can pass.

i. Imagine.
• Through three points no circle can pass.
• Through three points ( Non-collinear ) 1circle can pass.