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Science
Quarter 3 - Module 1
Week 1: Frictional Force

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Lesson
Frictional Force
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What would life be without friction? Well, life would be impossible without friction. We use
friction in most of our activities everyday. You would be able to walk without slipping and falling
with the help of friction. Friction affects different objects too. Friction can be rolling, sliding, fluid,
and static. This lesson focuses on describing what is friction or Frictional Force, how it works on
different surfaces such as in smooth or rough surface. You will also learn the concept on how
friction affects the movement of different objects and people and its usefulness in performing
our daily tasks and activities.

What I Need To Know

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. describe what is friction or frictional force; (S6FE-IIIa-c-1);
2. perform activity that shows how friction works on smooth and rough surfaces;
2. value the importance of frictional force in performing tasks and daily activities.

What I Know
Pre-Test: Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Write the letter that correspond the best
answer in your activity notebook.

1. It is a push or pull that starts, stops or changes the direction of an object.

A. Motion B. Energy C. Force D. Food
2. Which kind of force opposes motion between two surfaces sticking or touching together?
A. Gravity B. Electric C. Magnetic D. Friction
3. Which has the greatest friction among these kinds of surfaces?
A. Polished floor B. Sandy floor C. Wet floor D. Tiled floor
4. Friction is a force that opposes motion. It acts in the direction of a moving object.
A. opposite B. same C. upward D. downward
5. Which activities are suited to be performed in a smooth surface or floor?
A. Playing soccer football and baseball C. Playing tug of war and hide and seek
B. Ballet dancing and roller skating D. Applying lubricant on it like oil or wax

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 What’s In

Review: “ SIMPLE RECALL ”

Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the concept learned in the previous lesson
through context clue. Write your answer in your Activity Notebook.

1. CREOF – is a push or pull that starts, stops, or changes the direction of an object
2. GAMENT – keeps refrigerator door stays closed to conserve energy
3. AGRIVYT – keeps orbiting planets in place as they moved around the sun
4. TRICITYCEEL– allows computer and other gadgets at work
5. CLEARUN – is the force that holds the particles in the nucleus together

What’s New
Activity 1: “ FOUR PICS IN ONE WORD”
Directions: Study the relationships of the four pictures below. Identify the word that would best
describe the four pictures. Write your answer in the boxes below.

Picture of person walking mopping the floor sandpaper writing on paper

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 What Is It

Activity 2: “CONNECT and REFLECT”

Directions: Connect the phrases in Column A to its appropriate pictures in Column B.

Write the letters of the correct answer on your Activity notebook.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

___ 1. brick wall Picture A Picture B

___ 2. rocky road

___ 3. tiled floor

Picture C Picture D
___ 4. carpeted floor

___ 5. shiny laptop

Picture E

Questions:

1. Based from your answers, can you identify the pictures in which people or
objects can easily m ov e? W hat are they?
2. Are they smooth or rough su rfaces?
3. W hat about the pictures which seem to be harder for people and objects to move
forth and back?
4. W hat kind of surface is it, sm ooth or rough?
5. Do people and objects move at the same force and speed in both sm ooth and
rough surfaces? W hy do you think so?
6. W hat do you think affects the mov em ent of diffe rent objects in any kinds of
surface they travel or m ove?
7. W hat is F riction?

Conclusion: Make a conclus ion based from the giv en activ ity.

_____ ____________ ___________ _______ ____________ ___________ _______ ___

_____ ____________ ___________ _______ ____________ ___________ _ _________

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Discussion:

Friction is a force that opposes m otion between two surfaces sticking or

touching together. It causes an object that moves along a surface to slow down and
ev entually stop. Friction or Frictional force is always high or more on a rough surface
and it is low or less on a smooth surface. The m ov em ent of people and objects are
greatly affected by friction in re lation to the kind of surface where they travel or m ove.
Friction can be classified as sliding, rolling, fluid, and static.

Friction is useful, but sometim es harm ful. It brings desirable and undesirable
effects to objects and people. Friction could be reduced by applying lu bricants to
surfaces, reducing and m in im izing contact between surfaces, and using aerodynam ic
shapes. There fore, it would be best to observ e and practice precautionary m easures
all the time while perform ing our daily tasks and activ ities at home and in school for
our S AFET Y.

What’s More
Activity 3: “KNOW ME BETTER”
Directions: Analyze carefully each given kind of surface and condition. Write a � symbol on the
space if it shows a smooth surface and a � if it is a rough surface. Write your answer in your
Activity Notebook.
1. skating rink 6. Cellphone screen
2. grass court 7. corals
3. mirror 8. glass
4. brick floor 9. alligator
5. sandpaper 10. metal

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete the concept learned. Choose the
correct word from the box below. Use your activity notebook in writing your answer.

*Friction * smooth * opposes * high *force

*rough * sticking *low * two * touching

I have learned that is a that motion between

surfaces or together. Frictional force is less or
on a surface while it is more or on a surface.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 4: “ HIGH OR LOW FRICTIONAL FORCE

”
Directions: Analyze carefully each given object or surface whether each possesses HIGH
or LOW frictional force. Do this in your activity notebook. Note: An example has been given
for you.

OBJECT or SURFACE OBJECT or SURFACE

Ex. Sandy beach – high friction 6. white board -
1. marble – 7. car tire -
2. carpet - 8. hollow blocks -
3. tiled floor - 9. laptop -
4. Styrofoam - 10. egg -
5.rubber mats -

Additional Activities

Directions: Perform a sim ple “Do It Yourself” activ ity at home. Get a ball or a toy car.
Let it move forth and back over a smooth table . Observ e how it m ov es. Then, using
the same ball or toy car let it m oves on something rough surface like a
sandy or rocky ground. Observe again the m ovem ent of the object. Record your
observations in your Activ ity Notebook . Reme mber to OBSERVE S AFET Y
PREC AUT IONS while perfo rm ing the “Do It Yourself” activ ity at home. Good luck!

Answer Key

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 Lesson
Rolling Friction
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Have you seen or tried to ride a bicycle? What do you think will happen if the bicycle has
no tires? Will it move easily and take us anywhere we want to play? When an object rolls over a
surface, rolling friction is produced.

What I Need to Know

After studying this module you should be able to:

1. describe rolling friction; (S6MT-Ia-c-1);

2. illustrate examples of rolling friction; and
3. defend importance of rolling friction in our daily lives

What I Know
Pre-test: Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of your answer on your Activity
Notebook.

1. is produced when an object rolls over a surface.

A. Fluid friction B. Rolling friction C. Sliding friction D. Static friction

2. Which of the following statement is true about rolling friction?

A. It is produced when an object is at rest.
B. It is produced when an object is moving in water
C. It is produced when an object is rolled in a surface.
D. It is produced when an object rub against each other.

3. Which is an example of an object that can produce rolling friction when roll over a surface?
A. ball B. cabinet C. shoe box D. table

4. Which of the following has rolling friction?

A. Ball rolling on the ground C. Flower vase on top of the table
B. Rubbing your hands D. Playing on slides

5. Which of the following shows an example of rolling friction?

A. A kite flying. C. A paper boat floating.
B. A soccer ball rolling on the ground. D. A picture frame on the table.
.

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 What’s In

Remember Me?
In the previous lesson, you were able to learn that friction is a force that opposes motion
between two surfaces by sticking or touching together. You were also able to explore how it works
on a rough or smooth surface.

What’s New

Four Pics One Word!

Identify the word that could describe the four pictures. Rearrange the letters to form the
correct answer. Write your answer on the box. The first letter is a hint.

What Is It
Activity 2. 1: Describing Rolling Friction
Directions: Read the directions carefully. Then, answer the questions that follow. Write your
answer in your Activity Notebook.

Prepare the following materials:

 3 old notebooks or books
 5-10 ballpens or pencils

1. Pile the 5 old notebooks or books.

2. Push the notebooks or books to move forward.
3. Put the ballpens or pencils on the table or floor.
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4. Using the same pile of old notebooks/books put it above the ballpens/pencils just like what is
shown in the photo.

5. Push the notebooks/books to move forward.

Question:
1. Which set-up is easier to move, the pile of notebooks/books without ball pens/ pencils or the
pile of notebooks/books with ball pens/ pencils?
2. How do the ballpens/ pencils help in making the pile of notebooks/books move easier?

When an object rolls over a solid surface, rolling friction is produced. Rolling Friction is
the friction that acts on objects when they are rolling over a surface. In activity 2.1, the pile
of notebooks/books with ball pens/pencils under it moves easily rather than without the ball
pens/pencils. Why? It is because of the cylindrical/spherical shape of the ballpen/pencil that at
some point had contact on the surface of the table or floor, making it easier to move.

Rolling of ball or wheel on the ground are some examples of rolling friction. Another
common example of rolling friction is the movement of wheel on a motorcycle. The weight of the
driver and the motorcycle presses the tires of the wheel against the ground. This downward force
creates increased friction between the tires and the road giving tire friction. If it were notfor the
friction, the tires could not push on the road surface to drive the motor forward. Can you think of
other examples of objects that when rolled over a surface rolling friction is produced?

What’s More
Activity 2.2: Identify me!
Directions: Put a √ if the object produces rolling friction if rolled along a surface and X if not.
Write your answer on your Activity Notebook.

1. wheels of bicycle
2. rolling pin
3. 5 peso coin
4. marbles
5. wheelbarrow
6. table
7. cabinet with wheels
8. kite
9. soccer ball
10. rocks

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 What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Choose your answer from the box below.

*rolls * surface *Rolling Friction *wheels *easy *Sliding

When an object over a solid surface, rolling friction is produced. is the friction
lesser force making objects to move.

What I Can Do
Scenario Analysis!
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write your answers on your Activity Notebook.

1. Uncle Jim used a wheelbarrow (kariton) to transfer some soil to be used for planting
flowers, while Uncle Tata uses sack to drag the soil. Who among the two will save
effort in transferring the soil? Why?

2. Lyjim puts rollers to move the cabinet full of books while Milkjane pushes the book
shelf full of books. Which object is easier to move? Why?

Additional Activities
Illustrate/Cut it Out. Illustrate/ cut out/ print three (3) examples of rolling friction commonly
found in your home. Put it in your Activity Notebook.

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 Lesson
Sliding Friction
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Have you tried moving the cabinet across the floor? The cabinet is at rest until you push it.
You must push the cabinet from another angle or different side. To stop the cabinet, you must
change the force again. You must stop it from moving.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this Lesson, you are expected to:

1. describe sliding friction; S6FE-IIIa-c-1

2. draw examples of sliding friction and give short description about it; and
3. value the importance of sliding friction in our everyday life.

What I Know
Multiple Choice: Read each item carefully. Write your answers in your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following statement best describes sliding friction?

A. It is the force between the surfaces of two solid objects that keeps the objects
from moving.
B. It is the force that occurs when two objects rub/slide against each other.
C. It is that opposes the motion of a wheel turning along a surface.
D. It is the force that occurs in objects moving through fluid.
2. What kind of friction occurs when more force is needed to pull or push an object?
A. Sliding Friction C. Rolling Friction
B. Fluid Friction D. Static friction
3. The boy sits on the slippery mud. What force stops him from sliding down?
A. Gravity C. Friction
B. Weight D. Magnetic Force
4. When you push the heavy box across the smooth floor. What friction is being applied?
A. Fluid Friction C. Static Friction
B. Rolling Friction D. Sliding Friction
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5. What type of friction occurs when you push a block of wood through a ramp?
A. Fluid Friction C. Rolling Friction
B. Sliding Friction D. Static Friction

What’s In

Flash it back!
Directions: Write the key term that best completes each sentence. Write your answer in
your Activity notebook.

Heat opposite Friction Rolling Friction Air Friction

1. Wheelchair racers move around the track is an example of what type of

friction?
2. Friction changes the energy of an object from kinetic energy to .
3. is a contact force that allows object’s motion to slow
or stop between the two surfaces that are touching.
4. Friction is a force that acts in the direction of the intended motion
of an object.
5. affects the motion of falling objects by acting the force of gravity.
.

What’s New
.

Friction in Basketball

Watching a basketball game is really fun. You can see how intense the action is inside
the court, but have you imagined how friction occurs in this setting?

Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/air/2984325127
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Picture Analysis:

Why do you think basketball players wear shoes with rubber soles instead of leather shoes?

What do you think will happen if they will wear leather shoes?

What Is It

Activity 1: Try this!

Material needed: book & table

Procedure:
1. Place the book on the table and try to push it using enough force to make it forward.

When you push an object like a book on the floor or table, sliding friction occurs. Sliding
friction occurs between two surfaces that come in contact with each other. Sliding friction acts in
a direction opposite the direction of motion.
In the case of a book, the book moves forward while sliding friction is in the opposite direction.
Sliding friction slows down the movement of the book or object that is moving. This sliding friction
prevents the object to move forward as fast as it would. When sliding friction is acting on an object,
other forces must be present to keep the object moving. It could be a push or force of gravity
when the object moves in slope. Sliding Friction occurs when two objects rub against each
other or slide against each other. It is caused by molecular adhesion between surfaces.

What’s More
Activity 2: Draw and Describe!

Directions: Draw examples of sliding friction and give short description about each picture you
have drawn. Use this table below. Draw and write your answers in your activity notebook

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 Example of Sliding Friction Description

1.

2.

Questions:

1. Based from your given example of sliding friction, when does this friction occur?

2. In what way does sliding friction is important?

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box below to complete the
concept learned. Write your answers in your activity notebook.

rub/slide Dry friction molecular adhesion motion opposite

I have learned that…

Sliding Friction, also called , occurs when two objects against

each other. It is caused by between surfaces. In addition, sliding friction
acts in a direction the direction of .

What I Can Do

Activity 3: Modified True or False!

Directions: Write T if the statement is True and if the statement is False, underline the words
that make it false and write your answers in your activity notebook.
1. Sliding friction occurs when two objects rub against each other or slide against
each other.
2. The greatest friction shows on a polished floor or smooth surface.
3. More force is needed to pull the block of wood when friction is greater.
4. Sliding Friction acts in a direction opposite the direction of motion.
5. The rougher the surface, the faster an object will move over the surface.

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Activity 4: Cite the Importance

Directions: The statements below are examples of sliding friction. Cite the importance of
this, particularly in our health. Write your answers in your activity notebook.

Example of Sliding Friction Importance/Benefit

֎ Rubbing both hands together to create heat

֎ A rag and the counter being used to clean

and sanitize surfaces

Additional Activities

Directions: Look and list down five examples of objects found at home having Sliding friction.

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________

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 Answer Key Lesson 1

Answer Key Lesson 2

B

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Answer Key Lesson 3

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