IoT – based Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivation

Monitoring System
Mark Joren C. Guinto, Vince Renssie D. Cortez, John Robert Gatchalian, Roland Rezfer Aron M. Manlutac, Trix P.
Manalang, Ruby Rosa Puno
Don Honorio Ventura State University
@dhvsu.edu.ph
@dhvsu.edu.ph
@dhvsu.edu.ph
@dhvsu.edu.ph
@dhvsu.edu.ph
@dhvsu.edu.ph

Abstract - Mushroom cultivation provides sustainable source
of nutritious food by encouraging growth of mushroom from
organic waste. However, the need of frequent visits in the
farm to water, and maintain the optimal relative humidity
and temperature levels can be time consuming and affects
the quality, and quantity of the harvest. With the current
prevalence of Internet of Things, the control of electrical
components without the need of physical interaction is
utilized in many fields. This ‘IoT – based Pleurotus ostreatus
Cultivation Monitoring System’ serves as an automatic
monitoring system for oyster mushroom fruiting. This
system will monitor and maintain the necessary
environmental factors specifically, temperature and
humidity, at the preferred level of the user, display the time,
current humidity and temperature levels through an LCD,
water the mushroom fruiting bags based on the set schedule,
and provide android application for the user to set watering
schedules, set the preferred humidity and temperature levels,
view humidity and temperature logs, and be notified of the
system’s activity. Developmental Quantitative research and
Iterative Waterfall System Development Life Cycle was used
as the methodologies of this study. System Testing was
conducted to ensure that the system works according to
specification. Data gathered from the developed prototype
was compared against conventional mushroom cultivation
method. Obtained results showed that the system is
comparable to conventional mushroom cultivation in terms
of environment control, and harvest yield. The system can
maintain at least 60% humidity inside the farm. The
temperature can be maintained at under 30°C when the
ambient temperature is under 35°C. The results of the
system evaluation showed that the system is acceptable for
its functionality, reliability, efficiency, usability,
maintainability, and portability according to Mushroom
farmers, and computer system experts who served as
respondents. The system can help mushroom farmers save
time by automatically monitoring and watering the
mushroom fruiting bags inside the growing house.
Keywords - Oyster mushroom, mushroom cultivation,
monitoring system, Internet of Things
I. INTRODUCTION
Mushroom cultivation is economically viable as it fits
as a sustainable farm; a sufficient supply of low-cost
substrates made from agricultural waste, a high
production per surface area, and spent substrate produced
can be used as solid conditioner are some of its
advantages. Mushrooms are easy to grow and are a good
source of proteins, B vitamins, and minerals (Oei, 2005).
According to Kumar A., Patidar S., Nongthomban J.
(2021), Among the different types of mushrooms, oyster
mushroom is also one of the most cultivated species. As a
result of its medicinal benefits and its ability to grow at a
wide range of growing conditions and with a variety of
agro-based residues, oyster mushroom production has
risen around the world. White oyster mushrooms,
Pleurotus ostreatus, are the ones recommended for
beginner cultivators in Pampanga (Bie Marangle, 2022).
Temperature and humidity levels in an environment play a
major part in the growth of white oyster mushrooms.
Maintaining these factors at the optimal level helps in the
growth of oyster mushroom fruiting bodies (Cabalen
Mushroom Farmers, 2022). The Internet of Things (IoT)
is a cloud platform for storing sensor data and logging in
order to monitor, analyze, and operate devices connected
to a Node microcontroller via various Android
applications on a mobile phone. (Muangprathub J., et
al.,2019). The use of conventional way of farm cultivation
has been overcome with the use of automation to
maximize farm productivity, (Bounnady et al., 2019)
developed a smart cultivation system that monitors soil
moisture, temperature, humidity. It also integrates IoT
cloud that combines and grants connections with the user.
Another research proposed (Haryanto et al., 2018) a smart
aquaponics system that controls and monitors required
parameters in a farm. This paper also integrates control
systems via a web that runs in real-time. (Ortner & Ågre,
2019) proposed a small scale, soil-less automated
hydroponic growing system that can grow crops faster and
take less space. The system maintains the essential
environmental variables of the farm and integrates
automated system. Based on the mentioned studies,
agricultural monitoring systems are commonly used to
control the environmental variables essential for crop
growth. An interview with local mushroom farmers in
Pampanga, Philippines was conducted wherein challenges
in mushroom cultivation were mentioned (Cabalen
Mushroom Farmers, 2022). One of the problems is that
misting is time consuming because oyster mushrooms
require 3-5 times of watering throughout the day and most
farmers only have a small workforce to work with the
farm. Another problem is that temperature and humidity
levels are often not maintained at the optimal level
because this requires frequent monitoring and control of
temperature and humidity levels. According to the
mushroom farmers, this affects the quality and quantity of
harvested mushrooms and all of them agree that
maintaining the temperature and humidity level of a
fruiting house at the optimal level will improve the
fruiting performance of the mushrooms.
To improve overall efficiency, productivity, and lessen
human error in mushroom cultivation, the researchers
propose an idea to create an automatic monitoring system
entitled “IoT – based Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivation
Monitoring System” consisting of various sensors and
devices to enhance the monitoring of fruiting in
mushrooms accessible through a mobile application. The
main objective of the study is to develop a system to
monitor and control the fruiting process of white oyster
mushroom cultivation. The proposed system has the
following objectives to address: To monitor and maintain
the necessary environmental factors, specifically,
temperature and humidity, at the optimal level, To create a
system that automatically switches various electrical
devices on and off with the use of relay switches when
needed, To create a system that displays the time, current
humidity and temperature levels through an LCD in real
time, and To develop a mobile application which will be
able to view the temperature and humidity levels as well
as schedule the system when to mist the mushrooms. To
create a notification system that will inform the user
regarding the events of the monitoring system. The system
focuses on automating the necessary tasks during the
fruiting phase of white oyster mushrooms. The system
will turn on and off the electrical devices depending on
schedule, and current temperature and humidity levels.
The system will have a central database that stores
temperature and humidity readings saved at fixed time
intervals. A database management application will be
used to communicate with the server. The system will
check if enough water is stored in the water reservoir. The
system will inform the user through a notification system
about the events inside the farm. The system will only
handle Pleurotus ostreatus, locally known as white oyster
mushroom. The system will only handle the fruiting stage
of mushroom cultivation. The system will only handle a
misting system, ventilation system, and a humidifier. The
system can be monitored and operated through an
Android smartphone.
Atmeg
a328P
ESP826
6
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
Figure 1 shows the concepts that are essential in the study.
The knowledge requirements of the system are
Programming, Circuits and Electronics Networking. The
hardware requirements of the designed project consist of
Atmega328P with ESP8266 wifi module, Temperature
and Humidity Sensor, Relay, Humidifier, Mister, Water
Sensor, Ventilation Fan and LCD. The software
requirements for the system are PHP, C++, SQL and Java.
In processing, the requirements of the system by means of
planning, hardware and software development, testing,
evaluating, the design project entitled “IoT – based
Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivation Monitoring System”.
II.METHODOLOGY
Developmental research (Type 1) design will be employed
in the study. Developmental research is “the systematic
study of designing, developing, and evaluating
instructional programs, processes, and products that must
meet criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness”
(Seels & Richey, 1994). In this study, the system, IoT –
based Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivation Monitoring
System, will be designed, implemented, tested and
evaluated. Quantitative research would be used to make
connections and gain a summary of the variables
(Bhandari, 2020). The system made use of Software
Development Life Cycle (SDLC). SDLC refers to the
framework that is used to structure, plan, and control the
process of developing a system (CMS, 2005). The concept
of SDLC was applied to the development phase of the
system involved in this study.
 Figure 3: Block Diagram

Figure 2: Iterative Waterfall Method Figure 3 shows the relationship between the modules
involved in the system. The ATMega-328P serves as the
Iterative Waterfall Method was used in the controller of the system. The controller will read the time of
development of this system. It is a development process watering from the cloud server. If so, the controller will
which follows a sequential flow of phases, and feedback turn on the misting system. The HDC1080 sensor reads the
paths are provided from every phase to previous phases temperature and humidity levels of the surrounding
(GeekforGeeks, 2021). The following are the phases of atmosphere. The sensor readings are displayed on the LCD
development: Analysis, Design, Testing, Implementation and sent to the user through a notification. The controller
and Maintenance. An interview and observation of checks if the temperature and humidity levels are within the
members of the Cabalen Mushroom Farmers agriculture range specified by the user. If above, the humidifier and
cooperative was conducted for the proponents to be ventilation fan will be turned on. The controller will also
informed and have better understanding on how send the readings to the cloud server. The mobile
mushroom cultivation is properly done in Pampanga, application will serve as the platform to set the time for
Philippines. watering as well as the viewing of recorded data.
A. Source of Fruiting Bags
Oyster mushroom fruiting bags were obtained from
Bie Marangle, Mary Grace Heights, Dela Paz Sur, City of
San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines. A total of 300 6in
x 12in pp bags were filled with 800 g of substrate and a
pvc ring was placed in the open end of the bag. The bag
was plugged with a cotton ball and sterilized by steam.
Fruiting bags were inoculated with 40 g of starter culture
of Pleurotus ostreatus and incubated at room temperature.
B. Mushroom House Layout
The mushroom house has a surface area of 6 square
meters and height of 3 meters. It consists of wooden
skeleton framing and an entrance made from fabric, metal
sheets with insulation foam for roofing, sand for flooring,
fabric is also used for the walls to help in maintaining
temperature and humidity, and a fan for air ventilation. Figure 4: Schematic Diagram
Inside the mushroom house, there are two pairs of Figure 4 shows the connection of the hardware
bamboo racks with the height of 2.1 meters, which will modules involved in the system. The ATMega328P
support the nylon ropes where the fruiting bags are microcontroller was interfaced with an ESP8266 module
hanged. Mist sprinklers are installed in between the to connect with the cloud server. The LCD and HDC1080
bamboo racks; the water reservoir for the sprinklers was were connected through I2C protocol. An ultrasonic 10-
placed inside the mushroom house. The house is designed head mist maker with a 6W 12V fan was used as the
to handle up to 500 fruiting bags at a time. The control humidifier, a 12V motor was used as the water pump, and
box is located inside the mushroom house; it has a digital a 35W 220V exhaust fan was used as the ventilation fan,
display for the temperature and humidity levels, next these 3 are all connected to the relay module controlled by
schedule, and current time. With information from the the microcontroller. Lastly, water sensor brick was used
local interview and the internet, the proponents designed a as the water level sensor.
system for watering the mushroom fruiting bags at set
schedules, maintaining the humidity and temperature
levels inside the growing house, record the humidity and
temperature levels at fixed intervals, and control the
system through an android app.

Figure 5: Monitoring System Flowchart
Figure 5 shows how the system monitors and notifies
the user with its actions. The parameter values saved by
the user via the mobile device will be loaded first. After
that, the system will check the water level and spray water
into the mushrooms on a regular basis. In the case that the
stored water in the reservoir is low, the user will be
notified. The humidity will then be tested and calibrated
until it falls within the desired range. The temperature will
be adjusted in the same way. The readings from the
sensors will be displayed on an LCD in real time. After
each cycle, the system will notify the user of the values of
the environment variables via application notification.
These values will be stored in the database.
Figure 6: Mobile Application Flowchart
Figure 6 shows how the user can interact with the
system using the mobile application. The user can modify
different threshold values for different parameters such as
temperature and humidity. Environmental parameters and
monitoring logs can be viewed from the mobile
application. PHP, a general-purpose scripting language,
was used to develop the server-side database management
application. The mobile application was developed in
Android Studio IDE. Lastly, MySQL is used for the
database. Testing was done to ensure that the system
works in accordance to the design specification.
Functional testing ensures that the system works as
intended and has no undesirable results in situations
outside the design parameters (Inflectra, 2022). First,
individual components were tested. Next, the tasks
performed by the components together were tested.
Lastly, the system was tested as a whole for bugs and
errors. The user expected functionalities as well as the
edge conditions of the system were tested. Additionally,
the following were tested to ensure that the system meets
user requirements and operates in its fullest: system
functionality in terms of temperature and humidity
reading of the sensor module, database response time,
communication between the software and hardware
module, and environment monitoring and control.
Approximation Error is used to measure how close the
system reading is from the actual value. The formula used
for the approximation error is (Glen, 2016):
To determine the comparability of the designed system
with the conventional mushroom cultivation method.
Identical 300 fruiting bags were hanged at Bie Marangle
Farm at the same time the system was implemented. A
data logger was installed to save temperature and
humidity readings inside their farm. After opening the
bags, primordia eventually started to form. Under the right
conditions, primordia will form at the start of the
reproductive phase, which will eventually develop into
fruiting bodies (Oei, 2005). The time it takes for the
fruiting bags to form primordia will be recorded. Mature
fruiting bodies were harvested and weighed to determine
how comparable both settings were in terms of fruiting
performance. The yield for the first month of fruiting will
be measured. The ability of both settings to control and
maintain the humidity and temperature level at the
preferred level of the farmer was also compared. A
completely random day from the available data logs will
be selected to be used. The average daily workload done
by farmers was also compared to the daily workload of
the farmer when using this system. System evaluation is
the assessment of the performance of the system against
defined technical qualities. The system is evaluated based
on the product quality characteristics specified in the ISO
25010 model, which are functional suitability, reliability,
performance efficiency, and usability. Functional
suitability refers to the degree the system is able to
provide the functions that meet the needs when used under
specified conditions. Reliability refers to the system's
ability to perform defined operations under specified
conditions during a given time period. Performance
efficiency indicates the quantity of resources used in
relation to the performance delivered under the given
conditions. Usability refers to the degree a user can utilize
the system to achieve the given needs with effectiveness,
efficiency, and satisfaction. Maintainability refers to how
a system can be improved, corrected, and adapted to an
environment. Portability refers to the degree a system can
be transferred to another environment or replace an
existing system. (Britton, 2021)
TABLE 1
ISO 25010 Characteristics and Sub
-characteristics
The system will be presented to mushroom farmers as
well as computer system experts to evaluate the system.
System acceptability will be based on the results of the
evaluation of the ISO 25010 shown in Table 1. Five-point
Likert Scale was used as the measurement tool as shown
in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Five-point Likert Scale (McLeod, 2019)
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
As a start of the development of the system, the
proponents built a 2.5m x 2.6m x 3.6m growing house, as
shown in Figure 7, which will house the mushroom
fruiting bags. The control box is installed near the
entrance of the farm to minimize the farmer’s need to
enter deep into the farm.
(a) (b)
Figure 7: Growing House; (a) outside, and (b) inside view
The system’s hardware is implemented as shown in
Figure 8, which illustrates the electrical and electronic
components of the system. ATMega-328P serves as the
controller of the system, connected to it is the ESP8266-
01 which lets the system connect and communicate with
the cloud server. The HDC1080 and water sensor,
connected to the microcontroller handles the monitoring
of humidity, temperature and water level. The relay
module, connected to the microcontroller, switches the
12V water pump, ventilation fan and humidifier, which
handles the water misting, temperature control, and humidity
control, respectively. Lastly, the system is powered through an
AC to DC power supply.
Figure 8: Design Project Specification
The system is made up of various software such as the
database, microcontroller, API, and the android
application. Figure 9 shows the way these software are
connected and implemented in the system. An HTTP
server is developed to handle the communication between
the cloud database, android app, and ESP8266-01. The
database as well as the API were deployed using Amazon
EC2. The control unit inside the farm utilizes
ATMega328P and ESP8266-01, which are programmed
using Arduino. Lastly, to let the user communicate with
the system, an android app is developed.
Figure 9: Software Implementation
System testing was conducted to ensure that the
developed system satisfies the specified objectives. The
hardware and software components were tested
individually, and interfaced together for operational
conditions.
The readings received from the HDC1080 sensor were
tested to determine the accuracy of the sensor. The system
successfully reads the relative humidity and temperature
levels of the growing house with a 3.87% and 1.29%
average discrepancy, respectively, as shown in Table 3.
This signifies that the sensor readings are close to the
actual values of both relative humidity and temperature
levels.
TABLE 3
HDC1080 Sensor Reading Accuracy
The response time of the system’s web server was
tested. The response time of various API operations was
recorded at random times. The data shown in Table 4
illustrates the average response time for each of the API
operations. The system takes 92.91ms on average to
successfully read and write into the database and 789.6ms
to push a notification into the android application.
According to Nielsen (1993), a response time of less than
1 second is acceptable and users will unlikely feel any
interruptions during this delay.
TABLE 4
API Response Time
The connection and communication between the
various hardware and software modules of the system
were tested. The proponents tested the connection of the
android application to the cloud server. Figure 10 shows
the different functionalities the android app offers to the
user specifically: (a)Farm Configuration, (b)(d)(e)(f)
Schedule view, create, update, and delete, and (c) daily
log view. The android application is able to successfully
connect to the cloud server, and read and write data to the
MySQL database. In addition to the main interface,
Figure 11 shows that the android application also has a
notification system that can inform the user about the
status and events done by the control unit, this includes:
(a) display of current humidity and temperature levels, (b)
when the control box decides to reboot due to some
interruptions, (c) when the system successfully booted
and connected to the internet, (d) when the water level of
the reservoir is low, (e) when the water level is back to
normal, (f) when a watering schedule is started, and (g)
when this watering schedule is finished.
(a) (b) (c)
(d) Android Application(e)
Figure 10: (f) (b)
UI: (a) Farm configuration,
Schedule View, (c) Daily Logs view, (d) Schedule Create, (e) Schedule
Update, and (f) Schedule Delete
Figure 11: Android Notification: (a) Current Humidity and Temperature
display, (b) Farm Rebooting, (c) Farm Boot, (d) Water Low warning, (e)
Water refilled, (f) Scheduled Watering start, and (g) Scheduled Watering
finished
 The control unit’s ability to deliver its defined
functionalities was also tested. Figure 12 shows some of
the functionalities provided by the system. It depicts that
the control unit is able to connect to the internet on boot
(a) (b), responds when a new watering schedule is created
through the android app (c) (d), accomplishes the
scheduled watering on time (e) (f), and try to maintain the
humidity and temperature levels with the use of the
installed mist maker and ventilation fan (g) (h) (i).
Additionally, Figure 11 shows that the control unit is able
to trigger notifications into the android app to inform the
user. This signifies that the control unit is able to
communicate data with the cloud server.
Figure 12: Control Unit; Display: (a)(b) Farm boot, (c) without and (d)
(e) with watering schedule, and (f) during watering; (g)(h) Humidifier
(On); and (i) Ventilation fan (On)
Figure 13 illustrates the system’s sensor readings
saved in the database. It shows that the system’s control
unit is able to successfully save sensor readings into the
database at five-minute intervals throughout the day.
Figure 13: Relative Humidity and Temperature Logs
The ability of the system to maintain humidity and
temperature levels inside the farm was also tested. For the
testing, the system was set to maintain the humidity level
to 65% - 80%, and the temperature level to 28°C – 30°C.
Figure 14 shows the comparison of the humidity levels
inside the farm during a normal day and during active
humidity control. It shows that the humidifier installed
can successfully maintain the farm’s humidity level to
60%-70% during peak heat hours, which is when relative
humidity decreases (Laurenzi, 2019).
On the other hand, Figure 15 shows the comparison of
the temperature levels inside the farm during active
control and the ambient temperature. The inside of the
farm is cooler by an average of 4°C than the ambient
temperature. This means that the system can maintain the
temperature inside the farm under 30°C as long as the
ambient temperature does not exceed 35°C.
Figure 14: Humidity Control Test
Figure 15: Temperature Control Test
To determine the efficiency of the system in
comparison to what is widely used monitoring method
among the Cabalen Mushroom Farmers (2022), the
system monitoring data is compared to the monitoring
data gathered from Bie Marangle Farm. The data shown
in Figure 16 shows a 4% average increase in humidity
levels for this system’s monitoring system. Furthermore,
with 60.6% humidity level being the lowest reading, the
system is able to maintain the minimum 60% humidity
level preferred by the farmers of Bie Marangle, while the
Bie Marangle’s humidity level falls to 54% on peak heat
hours. On the other hand, Figure 17 shows that this
system has an average of 4% higher in temperature level
than Bie Marangle. Identical environmental conditions
can be observed in both settings. This means that the
system’s ability to maintain the humidity and temperature
levels to the preferred range of the farmers is comparable
to the current method widely used by Cabalen Mushroom
Farmers.
Figure 16: Humidity Monitoring Comparison
Figure 17: Temperature Monitoring Comparison
New and identical mushroom fruiting bags were hung
in the system as well as Bie Marangle to get a comparison
of the ability of both settings to encourage fruiting on the
mushrooms. The number of days it takes for primordia to
form and the yields for the first 30 days of fruiting were
recorded. Figure 18 shows an example of mushroom
fruiting and harvest.
Figure 18: Mushroom Fruiting and Harvesting
It took eight (8) and ten (10) days for the system and
Bie Marangle to form primordia in the fruiting bags,
respectively. Primordia forms into a mushroom fruit in
two (2) to five (5) days after forming (Oei, 2005). Figure
19 shows the 30-day yield from both setups. Typically, it
takes about one (1) week for new primordia to form
depending on the local climate conditions and
environment control inside the growing rooms (Oei,
2005). The system yielded 20kgs, and Bie Marangle
yielded 12.3kgs of oyster mushrooms on their first month
of fruiting. This corresponds to an average of 667g per
day on this system and 410g per day on Bie Marangle,
which means that this system yielded 39% more
mushrooms.
The proponents observed that the frequency with
which farmers harvest the mushrooms is more frequent in
this automated system than in Bie Marangle. Out of the 30
fruiting days observed, the system was harvested for 25
days and Bie Marangle for 20 days in total. Furthermore,
the number of contaminated fruiting bags during this
period was recorded. Green moulds and mushroom flies
are the most common contaminants for mushrooms which
can spoil or degrade the quality of mushroom fruits and
mycelium (Oei, 2005). According to Bureau of
Agriculture and Fisheries Standards (BFAS, 2019) and
Cabalen Mushroom Farmers (2022), maintaining a degree
of personal cleanliness of workers and prohibition of ill
workers can mitigate the risk of contamination of the
fruiting bags. There are two (2) in this automated system
while there are six (6) in Bie Marangle. This signifies that
the farmer’s less frequent visits in this system minimize
the introduction of foreign substances such as insect eggs
and green moulds which can spoil the crops.
Figure 19: 30-day yield of mushroom fruiting bags
The everyday workload when using conventional
cultivation method is compared when using the system.
Figure 20 and 21 show the daily workload of using the
conventional method and this system, respectively. It
illustrates that the frequency at which the farmer needs to
be present in the growing house when using the
conventional method is significantly greater than when
using the system. It means that farmers can save time by
using this system.
Figure 20: Farmer’s Workload using Conventional Mushroom
Cultivation

Figure 21: Farmer’s Workload using this system
The proponents conducted a system evaluation of the
developed system for its functionality, reliability,
efficiency, usability, maintainability, and portability.
Survey instruments were administered among 25
respondents; sixteen (15) mushroom cultivators, and ten
(10) computer system professionals.
TABLE 5
System Acceptability Evaluation Summary
Table 5 shows the acceptability of the system from the
results of the evaluation survey. An average of 4.29 for
functional suitability means that the system is able to
provide the correct and appropriate needs of its users. The
functionality of the system was evaluated as “Good” by
the respondents.
The evaluation of reliability as “Good” with a score of
4.31 signifies that the system is working and providing
consistent output under operational conditions, and is able
to recover data in case of interruption or error.
The performance efficiency is evaluated as “Good”
with an average score of 4.46, which is the highest among
the six criteria. This signifies that the system is able to
deliver the needed output of the user in a timely manner.
The system has a user-friendly interface which is
easily understood, learned, and operated, and it prevents
users from making errors from inputs based on the
evaluation of the usability criteria which earned an
average score of 4.41 equivalent to “Good” description.
The maintainability was evaluated as “Good” by
respondents with an average score of 4.28. This means
that respondents agree that the system can be easily
repaired, and modified to meet user needs.
Portability is considered as “Good” based on the 4.32
average score given by the respondents. This means that
the system is comparable to existing systems of the same
purpose.
Overall, the system is evaluated as “Good” with an
average score of 4.35. This signifies that the system is
acceptable from the perspective of mushroom farmers and
computer system professionals.
IV. Conclusion
The developed system “IoT – based Pleurotus
ostreatus Cultivation Monitoring System” has successfully
been implemented. The system can water the mushroom
fruiting bags by automatically switching the water pumps
depending on the set schedule in sync with real time. The
system can execute necessary functions to monitor and
control the humidity and temperature levels inside the
growing house; the humidity level can be maintained at
least 60%. On the other hand, the temperature can be
maintained to 30°C and below when the ambient
temperature is 35°C or below. Current humidity and
temperature levels inside the growing house can be
monitored by the user through the control unit display,
and android application. The android application can be
utilized by the user to set watering schedules, and view
the historical data of the humidity and temperature levels
inside the growing house. The developed system is
comparable to manual mushroom cultivation method in
terms of the control of environment, watering, and output
yield which helps the farmers to save time without
degrading the quality of farming, Mushroom cultivators,
and electronic and computer systems experts evaluated the
system as acceptable for its functionality, reliability,
efficiency, usability, maintainability, and portability.
V. RECOMMENDATION
For future researchers who wishes to upgrade and
strengthen the development of the system, the following
are recommended for consideration: better wall and roof
insulation to minimize the effect of sun’s heat to the
internal temperature of the growing house, better cooling
and ventilation system for effective control of temperature
level, switch from electro-mechanical relay to solid state
relays for large farms to be able to upgrade to more
powerful pumps, humidifier and other components,
application of artificial intelligence and robotic arms for
the automation of harvesting, and better user-friendly
application design like showing historical data on the
android application as line graphs rather than list of logs
for better viewing.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The proponents would like to express their sincerest
gratitude to all the people who have been a great help
throughout the accomplishment of this study.
The proponents would like to thank their dear parents,
relatives, and friends who supported and encouraged us in
different ways, either morally, emotionally, financially, or
informationally.
The proponents would also like to thank the Cabalen
Mushroom Farmers, specifically, Bie Marangle, Rhon’s
Mushroom Farm, and Aldwin Yusi, for imparting their
knowledge about mushroom farming as well as letting us
explore and study their respective farms.
To our thesis adviser, Engr. Ruby Rosa N. Puno, for
her endless support, guidance, and kind spirit throughout
every process of this study, the proponents offer their
sincere gratitude.
 To our CpE Practice and Design 2 instructor, Engr. https://www.inflectra.com/ideas/topic/testing-
methodologies.aspx
Asil Kastle S. Dela Cruz, for her never-ending patience, [12]. A. Kumar, S.Patidar, J.Nongthomban. “A Review On Study
kindness, and for all the considerations, without these, the of Growth and Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom”
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The proponents would also like to acknowledge with SHROOM
[13]. T. Laurenzi. “HOW DOES TEMPERATURE AFFECT
much appreciation the role of Mario I. Salamat II, RELATIVE HUMIDITY METER READINGS?”
Maybelle G. Santos, and Kim Aron S. Timbol, who https://www.delmhorst.com/blog/relative-humidity-meter-
closely guided and supervised the proponents on the right readings#:~:text=As%20noted%20by%20the
way of oyster mushroom cultivation during the testing, %20Sciencing,drop%2C%20relative
%20humidity%20increases.%E2%80%9D
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N. Cruz, and Engr. Asil Kastle S. Dela Cruz, for being [15]. S. McLeod. Likert Scale Definition, Examples and Analysis.
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69918308913
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