Post Task

Peritoneal Dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment for kidney failure that involves filtering the
blood of the patient internally using the lining of the patient's abdomen, also
known as the belly. This process is referred to as lining the peritoneum by
medical professionals. A surgeon will insert a catheter, which is a flexible tube,
into your abdominal cavity a few weeks before you begin peritoneal dialysis
treatment.

How does peritoneal dialysis (PD) work?

the peritoneum, as a filter.
PD employs the thin lining of the abdomen,
During treatments, cleaning fluid called dialysate is pumped into the
patient's belly using a PD catheter. The dialysate takes additional waste
and fluids from blood vessels in the abdominal lining into the peritoneal
cavity, where it remains for a defined length of time (dwell time).
The PD machine drains the fluid out of the abdomen
into a drain or waste bag, and excess wastes and
fluids are eliminated from the body. Then, new
dialysate is delivered back into the peritoneum to
clear the blood. This filling and draining action is
termed an exchange or cycle.

There are two forms of peritoneal dialysis:

CAP dialysis (CAPD)

CAPD is manual, non-machine peritoneal dialysis. Patient fills abdomen with

dialysis solution and empties it. Gravity transports liquids through the tube and
into the belly.

Each exchange involves filling the abdomen with dialysate, letting it sit, then
emptying it. Patients may require three to four daytime exchanges and one
overnight. Home, work, or any clean area may host exchanges. During CAPD,
patients may undertake regular activities while the dialysis solution stays in their
belly between exchanges.

CCP dialysis (CCPD)

An automatic cycler conducts three to five CCPD swaps while the patient sleeps.
The cycler fills the abdomen with dialysis solution, lets it stay, and then empties it
into a sterile drainage bag. This provides patients greater daytime freedom, but
they must be hooked to the equipment overnight. They start a daylong trade in
the morning.

Lifestyle, personal preferences, and medical condition determine the optimum

kind of peritoneal dialysis for each patient. Some patients utilize a combined
program.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Peritoneal Dialysis

Advantages of PD include: PD has a number of disadvantages, including the following:

There are fewer unfavorable symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, cramps, and weight gain) Need to fit dialysis treatment into your schedule everyday, seven days a
than with hemodialysis. week.

Allows for constant treatment, which mimics the kidneys' function more closely than needs an external catheter that stays in place forever.
conventional methods.
Possibly Infectious Peritonitis
Potentially easing dietary constraints
Possibility of gaining weight/expanding waistline
Needless medical procedures
Those who are really overweight may need further treatment.
Delivery of PD goods straight to your doorstep or next location.

Need a lot of room to keep stuff at home

You won't need to actually travel to the dialysis clinic.

Need area in the bedroom to set up the PD machine and other gear
more leeway in deciding whether to get therapy

Demands self-control and extensive instruction.

Performing dialysis at nighttime is possible.

Enables the possibility of travel

 WHEN TO START DIALYSIS
Failure of the kidneys occurs in the end stage of
chronic renal disease. This condition arises when the
kidneys are unable to filter enough blood for the body.
In the event that you ever need dialysis, your doctor
will have already spoken to you about it. When your
kidney function drops to between 10 and 15 percent,
dialysis becomes necessary.

NURSING CARE FOR A DIALYSIS PATIENT

Peritonitis should be looked out for and reported
on, so be sure to check for it.

After the dialysate has been drained, have a look

at its clarity and color.

Report any exit site redness, local warmth, edema,

drainage, or pain. Take a sample of the exudate
and have it cultured; then, provide the findings to
your doctor.

Add medications to the dialysate in a sterile

manner.

Care for the area where the catheter is removed

should conform to established management
protocol.

In the event that dialysate seeps around the

catheter exit site, the patient should be
encouraged to contact a health care professional.

If the patient will be doing peritoneal dialysis after

being discharged from the hospital, be sure you
instruct them on the procedures and observations
that came before.

SARILI, KYLAJOY M.
BSN3-C3