SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject : Mathematics Grade : 9 Quarter : 3 Week : 2

MELC : Proves theorems on the different kinds of Competency Code: (M9GE- IIIc-1)
Parallelogram (rectangle, rhombus & square )
Name : __________________________________________ Section : _________________Date: _________
School : __________________________________________ District : _______________________________

I. DISCUSSION & EXAMPLES:

How do we know whether the figure is a parallelogram? By definition, a quadrilateral is a

parallelogram if it has two pairs of parallel sides. What are the properties of parallelogram? As a
review, the properties of parallelogram are the following:

A. Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.

B. Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
C. A diagonal of a parallelogram forms two congruent triangles.
D. Consecutive angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.
E. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.

Kinds of Parallelogram:
1. Rectangle - parallelogram with 4 right angles.
2. Rhombus - parallelogram with all 4 sides congruent.
3. Square - a rectangle with all four sides congruent.
Are you aware of the different theorems that proves each kind? So, let’s start with the

Theorems on Rectangle

Theorem 1.
If a parallelogram has a right angle , then it has four right
angles and the parallelogram is a rectangle.

O P Given: HOPE is a parallelogram with H as a

right angle.
Prove:  O, P and  E are right angles.

H E

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. HOPE is a parallelogram with H as a right angle. 1. Given
2.H = 90 2. Definition of right angle.
3. H  P 3. In a parallelogram, opposite angles
O   E are congruent.
4. m  H  m P 4. Definition of congruent angles
m  O  m E
5. mP = 90 5. Transitive Property of Equality (TPE)
6. mH + mO = 180 6. In a parallelogram, any two consecutive
angles are supplementary.
7. 90+ mO = 180 7. By substitution
8. mO = 90 8. Symmetric Property of Equality (SPE)
9. mE = 90 9. Transitive Property of Equality
10 mO, mP and mE are right angles. 10. Definition of Right Angles
11. HOPE is a rectangle 11. Definition of a Rectangle.

Theorem 2:
The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.
 L O Given: Rectangle LOVE with diagonals LV
and OE.
1 3
Prove: LV  OE
E V

Proof:

Statement Reason
1. LE  OV 1. Opposite sides of a rectangle are parallel
and congruent.
2. VE  VE 2. Property of Reflexivity
3. LEV and OVE are right angles. 3. Definition of a rectangle
4. LEV  OVE 4. Leg-leg Congruence (LL Congruence)
5 LV  OE 5. Corresponding parts of congruent
triangles are congruent.(CPCTC)

Theorems on Rhombus:

Theorem 3:
The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.

M A Given: Rhombus MATH

X Prove: MT ⊥ AH

H T

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. Rhombus MATH 1. Given
2. MH  AT 2. Definition of rhombus.
3. MT and HA bisect each other 3. Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each
other.
4. X is the midpoint of MT 4. All right angles are congruent.
5 MX  XT 5.Definition of midpoint.
6. AX  AX 6. Reflexive Property
7. MXA  TXA 7. Side-side-side Congruence Postulate (SSS)
8. MXA  TXA 8. Corresponding parts of congruent
triangles are congruent.(CPCTC)
9. MXA and TXA are right angles. 9. MXA and TXA forms a linear pair and
are congruent.
10. MT ⊥ AH 10. Perpendicular lines meet to form right s.

Theorem 4:
Each diagonal of a rhombus bisects opposite angles.
M U Given : Rhombus MUCH with diagonal HU.
3 2 Prove: 1  4, 3  2

1
H 4 C

Proof

Statement Reason
1. MU  HC ; MH  UC 1. All sides of a rhombus are congruent.
2. M  C 2. Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
3. HMU  HCU 3. Side-Angle-Side Congruence.(SAS)
4. 1  4, 3  2 4. Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are
Congruent. (CPCTC)
Theorems on Squares:

The most special among the kinds of parallelograms is the SQUARE because all the properties
of a parallelogram and all the theorems on rectangles and rhombuses are true to all squares.

II. EXERCISES FOR SKILLS/ ANALYSIS USING HOTS FOR CONTENT SUBJECTS:
A. Direction: Using the figure at the right, complete the table below.
Given: Square ABCD A B
Prove:  1   2 3 4
34
1
D 2 C

Statement Reason
1. 1. Given
2. AB  BC ; CD  DA 2.
3. 3. Reflexive Property
4 DAB  BCD 4.
5  1  2 :  3   4 5.

B. Direction: TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.
_________1. A square is a rectangle.
_________2. Every square is a rhombus.
_________3. A rectangle is a rhombus.
_________4. The diagonals of a rectangle are perpendicular.
_________5. A square is a rectangle and a rhombus.
III. ASSESSMENT /APPLICATION:
A. Direction: Write the letter of the answer on the space before each number.
______1. Which of the following is NOT true about rectangles?
A. Diagonals are congruent. C. All angles are congruent.
B. Diagonals are perpendicular. D. All angles are right angles.
______2.If all angles of a parallelogram are right angles and all sides are congruent then the
parallelogram is a ____.
A. Square B. Rectangle C. Rhombus D. Trapezoid
______3. If the opposite sides are parallel and opposite angles are congruent then the parallelogram
is a ____.
A. Square B. Rectangle C. Rhombus D Trapezoid
______4. Which of the following is NOT sufficient to prove that a quadrilateral is a rhombus?
A. The diagonals bisect each other. C. The diagonals are perpendicular.
B. Two adjacent sides are congruent. D. Diagonals are congruent.
______5. In a quadrilateral TRUE, diagonals TU and RE are perpendicular bisectors of each other.
Quadrilateral TRUE must be a _____.
I. Rectangle II. Rhombus III Square
A. I B. II C. II and III D. I, II and III
______6. Which of the following statement is false?
A. The diagonals of the rectangle are congruent.
B. Diagonals of the rhombus are congruent and perpendicular to each other.
C. Opposite angles of a rhombus are 
D. Angles of a square are all right s.
______7. If all sides of a parallelogram are congruent, then the parallelogram is a ____.
A. Square B. Rectangle C. Rhombus D. Trapezoid
______8.Which of the following statements is never true?
A. A square is a rectangle. C. A rhombus is a parallelogram.
B. A parallelogram is a rectangle. D. A rectangle is a rhombus
______9. Diagonals of a rhombus are ______.
A. equal B. parallel C. perpendicular D. congruent
______10. What is the most special kind of parallelogram?
A. Trapezoid B. Rectangle C. Rhombus D. Square
B. Direction : Check the characteristics applicable to the given quadrilaterals:

Paralellogram

Rectangle

Rhombus

Square
1. Diagonals bisect each other
2. All sides are congruent
3. Consecutive angles are congruent.
4. The diagonals are perpendicular and congruent.
5.Opposite angles are supplementary

IV. SUGGESTED ENRICHMENT/REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITY/IES.

Direction: Using the Geo-board below make at least 5 quadrilaterals that are parallelogram by
joining the endpoints of pairs of congruent and parallel segments. Label each whether it is a rectangle,
rhombus or square.

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References:

1. Learner’s Material Mathematics 9 pp.319-326

2.Teacher’s Guide for Mathematics 9 pp. 213-215
3.MELC’s
4. e-math , Geometry pp. 255-260

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

MA. NUEVA E. MILOS PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Teacher III EPS in Mathematics
Looc Norte National High School Division of Cebu Province
Asturias –South District
 GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to
answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them understand easily
the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so,
will help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home
task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.