Formative Assessment_Chapter 2

1. Rice (Oryza sativa) has a diploid number of 24. How many chromosomes would be
expected in
a. microspore or megaspore – 12 chromosomes
b. a polar nucleus – 12 chromosomes
c. a sperm nucleus - 12 chromosomes
d. a microsporocyte – 24 chromosomes
e. a leaf cell – 24 chromosomes
f. a mature embryo sac – 12 chromosomes
g. an egg nucleus – 12 chromosomes
h. an endosperm cell – 36 chromosomes
i. a cell of the embryo – 12 chromosomes
j. a cell of the pericarp? – 24 chromosomes
2. A bat has a diploid number of 40 in a primary oocyte.
a. How many tetrads are present in prophase I? – 10 tetrads
b. How many dyads are present in prophase II? – 20 dyads
c. How many monads migrate to each pole during anaphase II? - 10 monads
d. How many chromatids are present in prophase 1? – 40 chromatids
e. Number of chromosomes in the spermatogonium? – 20 chromosomes
f. Number of chromosomes in the secondary spermatocyte? – 10 chromosomes
3. Describe these terms in your own words:
a. Synapsis – synapsis is the event where two pairs of chromosomes come near
each other and pair up.
b. Bivalents – it is a single pair of chromosome connected to another pair of
chromosome to form a tetrad.
c. Chiasmata – it is where chromatids from different pairs of chromosomes connect
to each other to prepare for a cross-over.
d. sister chromatids – they are identical chromatids.
e. Tetrads – it is the term for two pairs of chromosomes joined together.
f. Dyads – identical sister chromatids joined together.
g. Monads – a single chromatid.
h. Homologue - pair of chromosomes that are identical to each other.
i. Autosome – any chromosome that does not belong to gametes or sex
chromosomes.
j. Interkinesis – also called interphase II, a period of rest.
4. A certain species has three pairs of chromosomes: an acrocentric pair which carries gene
D, a metacentric pair which carries gene E and a submetacentric pair which carries gene
F. Maternal chromosomes carry the dominant alleles for genes D, E and F. While paternal
chromosomes carry the recessive alleles. Use blue/black and red ball pen to represent
the paternal and maternal chromosomes respectively. Follow instructions. Draw the cell
of this species as it would appear in the following stages: (use paper/bond paper and ball
pen for this number)
a. Metaphase

b. metaphase 1

c. anaphase 1
 d. metaphase 2

e. anaphase 2

5. List the genotypes of the gametes from parents with the following genotype:
a. AABBCCDDEE

b. AabbccDDEe
 c. AaBbCcDdEe

6. What is nondisjunction? Differentiate nondisjunction in meiosis 1 and meiosis 2? Identify

consequences of nondisjunction in reproduction.

Nondisjunction is one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids

fail to separate correctly during nuclear division, resulting in an abnormal chromosomal
distribution in the daughter nuclei.

Nondisjunction in Meiosis I occurs when the tetrads fail to separate during anaphase I.
At the end of Meiosis I, there will be 2 haploid daughter cells, one with n+1 and the other
with n-1. While in meiosis II, failure of the sister chromatids to separate happens during
anaphase II. 2 of the 4 daughter cells will have a normal complement of 23 chromosomes.
The other 2 daughter cells will be aneuploid, one with n+1 and the other with n-1.
Nondisjunction can result in pregnancy loss or birth of a child with an extra chromosome
in all cells. It can also cause Patau's Syndrome , Edwards Syndrome,
Down Syndrome, and etc.