SOUTH CENTRAL MINDANAO COLLEGE

OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

(Formerly Saint Albert Polytechnic College)
Purok Rosal Barangay New Isabela Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat
Sec. CN. 201329656
Tel. No. 064-562-3587

MODULE 3

LESSON 5 ARTIST and ARTISANS

Learning Outcomes

By the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. outline the history of the emergence of artists and artisans,
2. identify the different individuals and groups who take on varied roles in the world of art and
culture.
3. classify the practices of artists in terms of form, medium and technique.

INRODUCTION

In the advent of technology, it is remarkable what has now been made possible. With a click of
button, an array of overwhelming information is made available, informing every aspect of human life. In
the fast-paced and highly complex twenty-first century, there is a real and nagging fear that soon, everything
may very well be replaced by computers and robots that can arguably do things with more precision, at a
shorter amount of time and less capital in the long term.
The art is one of the most significant ways in which we try to grapple with how the present unfolds.
In Robert Henri’s The Art Spirit (1923), he stated that “Art when really understood is the province of every
human being. It is simply a question of doing things, anything, well. It is not an outside, extra thing. When
the artist is alive in any person, whatever his kind work may be, he becomes an inventive, searching, daring,
self-expressing creature. He becomes interesting to other people. Where those who are not artists are trying
to close the book he opens it, shows there are more pages possible.” There is a gap when one continues to
persist to idea that art is somethings that is detached from the every day. In what has been reduced to blur,
it became more integral that man pursues a better understanding of the world where he lives.
NAME:______________________________________________________________________
COURSE YEAR & SECTION:__________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 1.1
DIRECTION : Answer the following questions. Write your answer on the space provided.

1.What art form can you most relate to and appreciate? It may be architecture, sculpture, paintings, music,
literature, film, dance, performance/theater, and living traditions. Why?

2. Name an artist whose works you really like. Why?

3. Is there a particular work of art created by him or her that you relate to and appreciate? What is it and
why?
THE ARTISAN AND THE GUILDS

Craft Guilds
From the 12th century CE in France and Italy, ‘craft’ guilds began to form which were associations
of master workers in craft industries. Cities like Milan, Florence and Toulouse had such guilds for food
producers and leather workers. Some of the earliest craft guilds in England were guilds of weavers,
especially in London and Oxford. Other craft guilds eventually included associations of cutlers (makers of
cutlery), haberdashers (dealers in goods needed for sewing and weaving), dyers, bakers, saddlers, masons,
specialists in metal goods such as blacksmiths, armourers, locksmiths and jewellers, and many others
covering all aspects of daily life. Some guilds were based on the materials their members worked with
rather than the end product so that, in France, for example, there were separate guilds for makers of buckles
depending on whether they used brass or copper. So, too, guilds of the makers of prayer beads were
distinguished by which material they used to make their beads, whether it be bone, amber, jet or whatever.
Each guild was managed by a small group of individuals known as guildmasters who were assisted by a
body of jurors whenever there were disputes amongst members.
Cologne Cathedral (German: Kölner Dom, officially Hohe Domkirche Sankt Petrus,
English: Cathedral Church of Saint Peter) is a Catholic cathedral in Cologne, North Rhine-
Westphalia, Germany. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and of the administration of
the Archdiocese of Cologne. It is a renowned monument of German Catholicism and Gothic
architecture and was declared a World Heritage Site[4] in 1996. It is Germany's most visited landmark,
attracting an average of 20,000 people a day. At 157 m (515 ft), the cathedral is currently the tallest twin-
spired church in the world, the second tallest church in Europe after Ulm Minster, and the third tallest
church in the world. It is the largest Gothic church in Northern Europe and has the second-tallest spires.
The towers for its two huge spires give the cathedral the largest façade of any church in the world.
The choir has the largest height to width ratio, 3.6:1, of any medieval church.
Construction of Cologne Cathedral began in 1248 but was halted in the years around 1560, ] unfinished.
Work did not restart until the 1840s, and the edifice was completed to its original Medieval plan in 1880.
The account was that master mason Gerhard Ryle started the project 1248 but was only completed 632
years later, claiming the record as one of the longest construction projects to date.
 Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) “SELF PORTRAIT” (1500)

A supremely gifted and versatile German artist of the Renaissance period, Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) was
born in the Franconian city of Nuremberg, one of the strongest artistic and commercial centers in Europe
during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was a brilliant painter, draftsman, and writer, though his
first and probably greatest artistic impact was in the medium of printmaking. Dürer apprenticed with his
father, who was a goldsmith, and with the local painter Michael Wolgemut, whose workshop
produced woodcut illustrations for major books and publications. An admirer of his compatriot Martin
Schongauer, Dürer revolutionized printmaking, elevating it to the level of an independent art form. He
expanded its tonal and dramatic range, and provided the imagery with a new conceptual foundation. By the
age of thirty, Dürer had completed or begun three of his most famous series of woodcuts on religious
subjects: The Apocalypse (1498; 19.73.209, 18.65.8), the Large Woodcut Passion cycle (ca. 1497–1500),
and the Life of the Virgin (begun 1500). He went on to produce independent prints, such as
the engraving Adam and Eve (1504; 19.73.1), and small, self-contained groups of images, such as the so-
called Meisterstiche (master engravings) featuring Knight, Death, and the Devil (1513; 43.106.2), Saint
Jerome in His Study (1514), and Melencolia I (1514; 43.106.1), which were intended more for
connoisseurs and collectors than for popular devotion. Their technical virtuosity, intellectual scope, and
psychological depth were unmatched by earlier printed work.
More than any other northern European artist, Dürer was engaged by the artistic practices and theoretical
interests of Italy. He visited the country twice, from 1494 to 1495 and again from 1505 to 1507, absorbing
firsthand some of the great works of the Italian Renaissance, as well as the classical heritage and theoretical
writings of the region. The influence of Venetian color and design can be seen in the Feast of the Rose
Garlands altarpiece (1506; Národní Galerie, Prague), commissioned from Dürer by a German colony of
merchants living in Venice. Dürer developed a new interest in the human form, as demonstrated by
his nude and antique studies. Italian theoretical pursuits also resonated deeply with the artist. He wrote Four
Books of Human Proportion (Vier Bücher von menschlichen Proportion), only the first of which was
published during his lifetime (1528), as well as an introductory manual of geometric theory for students
(Underweysung der Messung, 1525; 125.97 D932), which includes the first scientific treatment
of perspective by a northern European artist.
NAME:______________________________________________________________________
COURSE YEAR & SECTION:__________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 1.2
DIRECTION : Answer the following questions. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. What do you think about the Cologne Cathedral Construction?

2. Who is Gerhard Ryle?

3. In Robert Henri’s The Art Spirit (1923), what is the quote that he stated?
NAME:______________________________________________________________________
COURSE YEAR & SECTION:__________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 1.3
DIRECTION : Essay, Write your answer on the space provided.(100 words 50 points)

1. Based on what you have read explain your understanding about Albrecht Dürer.
ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART
• The elements and principles of art are the building blocks or foundations upon which a work of art
is created.
• You will not use all of them all the time but will you will some of them most of the time.

ELEMENTS OF ART

LINE – lines are the path of a moving point. they define the edges of shapes and forms.

SHAPE- 2-d, flat, when a line connects to itself.

FORM – 3-d forms can be actual or implied, they have height, width, and depth.
IMPLIED FORM, created with shading and modeling.

ACTUAL FORM, is a work that you can see from all sides. Sculpture.

COLOR – hue of an object when light is reflected off of it. Color perhaps one of the elements that enhances
the appeal of an artwork.it effect has range, allowing the viewer to make responses based on
memory,emotion,and instinct among others.

HUE- this dimension of color gives its name. It can be subdivided into:
PRIMARY COLORS: red, yellow, blue
SECONDARY COLORS: orange, green, purple
TERTIARY COLORS: red orange, yellow orange, blue violet, red violet, blue green, and yellow green.
WARM COLORS: orange, yellow, red
COOL COLORS: blue, green, purple
TEXTURE – the way something feels or the way it looks like it feels.

TEXTURES ARE CREATED BY USING PATTERNS

SPACE- the area around a subject in a work of art. shown with size, overlap, and proportion

VALUE – the lights and darks of a color within a work of art.

PRINCIPLES OF ART
PATTERNS – repeat they can be created with lines, shapes, and colors.
CONTRAST – differences in a work of art. light & dark, rough & smooth, curved line & straight.

BALANCE – is the distribution of the visual weight of objects in a work of art. color, size, texture.
EMPHASIS – main idea, the main focus, the thing your eye sees first.

UNITY – a similar element throughout a work of art that brings the parts together

PROPORTION/ SCALE – the size of something compared to what is next to it.

RHYTHM/MOVEMENT – visual elements in a work of art that create a sense of action or implied motion.
NAME:______________________________________________________________________
COURSE YEAR & SECTION:__________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 2.1
DIRECTION : Answer the following questions. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. What are the elements of art?

2. What are the priciples of art?

3. What have you observe about symmetrical and asymmetrical art? State the differences.