Emergency Preparedness and Safety Management

Second Semester, AY 2020 - 2021

Module 1 – Basic Concepts of Emergency Preparedness and Safety

I. Topics

A. Basic Concepts of Emergency Preparedness and Safety

I. Definition of emergency
II. Definition of emergency Preparedness
III. Components / Phases of emergency preparedness
IV. School safety
V. Risks and hazards in the school environment

II. Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Demonstrate in-depth understanding of emergency preparedness and school safety;

2. Demonstrate understanding on the phases of emergency preparedness; and
3. Demonstrate competencies in identifying risks and hazards in school.

III. Content

Emergency
 The World Health Organization defines an emergency as the state in which normal
procedures are interrupted, and immediate measures (management) need to be taken to
prevent it from becoming a disaster, which is even harder to recover from.
 A serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation requiring immediate action.
 An unforeseen combination of circumstances or the resulting state that calls for immediate
action.

"your quick response in an emergency could be a lifesaver"

Emergency Preparedness
 Emergency preparedness aims to reduce the effect of destruction caused by unexpected
situations like accidents, fire, sabotage, spills, explosions, natural disasters, terrorist
activities and medical emergencies.

 It includes a series of actions to be taken in the case of such emergencies. It shows the
preventive actions, preparation to meet adverse situations, how to mitigate them and
how to have positive controls during that situation to save lives and reduce property
damage.
  Emergency preparation is carried out by governments, organizations, families and
individuals. This planning is best conducted before emergency situations occur.

 These plans are important for your safety in both natural disasters and man-made disasters.

Examples of natural disasters are floods, blizzards, tornadoes and earthquakes. Man-made
disasters can include explosions, fires, chemical and biological attacks.

Emergency Preparedness in a School Context

Providing a safe, thriving environment for students to learn and staff to work is the foremost goal
of any school setting. Creating a safe environment that facilitates learning can be a challenging task.
School administrators and emergency managers must work together to create healthy school climates,
effective intervention and crisis plans that prepare staff and students for emergencies.

Schools have their share of school emergencies. In recent years, natural disasters such as floods,
fires and typhoons have impacted daily school operations. Schools have also been affected by rare,
but tragic acts of violence including; school shootings, assaults and suicides. These events have
reinforced the need for schools to prepare for potential crises and facilitate safe and healthy learning
environments for all students and staff.

Phases of Emergency Preparedness

Prevention/Mitigation
 Incorporates activities, which eliminate or reduce the probability of a disaster occurring
on-site.

Examples: Programs aimed at preventing students from engaging in harmful behaviors, including
social problem-solving or life skills programs, anti-bullying programs and school-wide discipline
efforts.

Preparedness/Planning
 Includes activities necessary to ensure a high degree of readiness so that response to an
incident would be swift and effective.

Response
 Measures taken during an incident, which minimize damage to the facility and surrounding
areas and prevent the loss of life.

Recovery
 Contains those short and long term activities, which return all systems to normal
operations.

School safety
Providing a safe, thriving environment for students to learn and staff to work is the foremost
goal of any school setting. Creating a safe environment that facilitates learning can be a challenging
task. School administrators and emergency managers must work together to create healthy school
climates, effective intervention and crisis plans that prepare staff and students for emergencies.
School emergency planning directs staff and student preparation and response. Knowing how
to respond during a crisis helps everyone remain calm, understand their role, and act as safely and
efficiently as possible. Emergency planning must include all risks, crises, and emergencies schools
may encounter.
Developing and maintaining a safe school environment is the responsibility of the entire
school community, including families. Families trust schools to keep their children safe during the
day and expect school staff to be properly equipped to handle emergencies. Working with teachers,
principals and staff, parents/guardians can provide resources and assistance to support school
emergency preparedness. Successful preparations and response lead to a more resilient recovery and
restoration of the school’s learning environment.

Risks and Hazards in the School Environment

Risk- relates to an assessment of hazards that can lead to the harm, injury, death, or illness of a
worker/learner in a determined workplace/school.

Hazards- is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone.

Common Risks and Hazards in Schools:

1. Electrical wire running through the school campus.
2. Chemical Accident/ explosion in chemistry lab
3. LPG cylinder blast in the Home Science Lab
4. Fire
5. Vehicular accident
6. High rise building and stairs
7. Library
8. School collapse in earthquake
9. Flood in School
10. Typhoon
11. Earthquake
12. Food poisoning in School
13. Construction and renovation
14. Pandemic
15. Violence
16. Gym facilities
17. Open Swimming Pool

The goals of school safety are:

• To protect learners and education workers from death, injury, and harm in schools
• To plan for educational continuity in the face of expected hazards
• To safeguard education sector investments
 • To strengthen climate-smart disaster resilience through education

Guide Questions:

1. What is Emergency?
2. What is Emergency Preparedness?
3. Identify the components/Phases of Emergency Preparedness
4. What is School Safety?
5. What are the risks and hazards in the school environment?

IV. Self-Test

1. What are the key points in the module?

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2. Based on your readings, how can you apply the content from this module to your daily life?
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3. What insights did the module provide in your course?

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4. How has class discussion influenced your thinking on this module?

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5. How can the learnings in this module improve your role in your school, family, and community?
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V. Post Test
Project/Output Based Assessment
Part 1. Concept map
Create a concept map on the concepts of emergency preparedness and safety. Kindly use separate sheet.

Part2. Info graphic

Make an info graphic on risk and hazards in school. Kindly use separate sheet.
Rubrics
Concept Map Rubric

Source: https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/sites/ca.centre-for-teaching-
excellence/files/uploads/files/rubric_for_assessing_concept_maps.pdf
Infographic Rubric
5 4 3 2 1

Design  Layout is  Generally  Layout could  Layout is  No layout

organized good layout use disorganized, or
and uses  Has minor improvement no obvious scheme
consistent inconsistency  Two or more organization —just
 Layout style or one inconsistent  Layout random
 Color Scheme  Color distracting elements distracts from elements,
 Fonts scheme has element  Hard to read content colors,
visual appeal  Color scheme fonts  Color scheme and fonts
and works clashes  Layout distracts is confusing
with content from content
 Fonts are
legible and
consistent
Content  Appropriate  One or two  Not enough  Lacking in  No real
terms, terms or terms, vocab, appropriate data or
vocab, jargon used jargon terminology facts are
jargon incorrectly or  Data is sparse  Not enough present
 Terms, Facts defined and without  Data might not facts or data
 Quantity of used explanation not demonstrate  Data is from
data  More than  Adequate the trend or poor or
 Quality of enough data amount of claim questionable
data to make data  Data from good source
claims  Data source
 Data clearly demonstrate
demonstrate trend, claim,
trend, claim, etc
etc  Data from
 Data from good source
good source
Clarity  Claim, main  Claim, main  Claim, main  Infographic  Claim,
idea is idea is idea is made makes a poor main idea
 Makes a claim obvious and understandabl  Some graphics initial is missing
 Efficiency easy to e or visuals are impression
 Makes clear understand  No unneeded  Confusing
impression  No unnecessary
unnecessary graphics or
graphics or visuals
visuals
 Infographic
makes a
good initial
impression
Representation  Design  Design  Visualizations fit  Design and  Design
elements are elements are the data and the visuals are at elements
 Design clearly clearly claim odds with the and
complements informed by informed by content or visuals
content content content claims being convey a
 Careful choice  Visuals show  Visualizations made meaning
connection fit the data contrary
of visuals
to content and the claim to the
 Data and create a intent
visualization visual flow
matches  Visualization
content and s fit the data
claim and the
claim
Source: http://science-infographics.org/general-infographic-rubric/
References

Books
1. Bhardwaj, A. (2004). A complete guide to family safety and first-aid. New Delhi, Indi:
Goodwill Publishing House.
2. Hales, D. (2005). An invitation to health: 11th edition. Australia: Belhont, California,
Wadsworth.
3. Karren, K. J. et al. (2004). First aid for colleges and universities: Eight edition. San
Francisco, CA: Pearson Education, Inc.
4. National Safety Council. (2007). First aid taking action. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Online Supplementary Reading Material

1. Disaster Safety Education Procedures and Tools. Retrieved on April 15, 2021, from
http://www.preventionweb.net/files/8082_DSEQIKitFirstAidManual.pdf
2. First Aid and Medical Articles. Retrieved on April 18, 2021, from
http://www.realfirstaid.co.uk/first-aid-medical-articles/
3. First Aid Guide and Emergency. Retrieved on April 18, 2021, from
http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/
4. Emergency Preparedness. Retrieved from
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/emergencypreparedness/
5. Comprehensive School Safety. Retrieved from
http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/SC/pdf/Comprehensive_scho
ol_safety.pdf
6. School Safety. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/VibhaChoudhary/school-
safety-plan-part-ii