MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

ORAL COMMUNICATION LESSON 2

LESSON OBJECTIVES

By the end of this learning unit, you will be able to:

Define Define communication model

Differentiate Differentiate the various communication models

Identify Identify communication models as they are used in real-life scenarios

 Definition of communication
model

In this Types of communication

lesson… models according to structure

Specific examples of the

different communication
models according to structure
COMMUNICATION MODELS

• Since communication is essentially an abstract process (since we

cannot see actual physical words being exchanged and
processed), communication models help in giving a visual
representation of how the process of communication occurs
between and among interlocutors (Pressbooks, n.d.).
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
MODELS

• LINEAR
• INTERACTIVE
• TRANSACTIONAL
LINEAR MODEL

As per the name suggests, this model presents

communication as that which occurs in a line, depicting the
sender, the message (and channel) and the receiver.

The focus of the linear model are the sender and the message,
as the receiver is viewed only as the end of the line; a
terminating point in the process.

In the linear model, the receiver gives no feedback.

LINEAR MODEL

SENDER MESSAGE RECEIVER

INTERACTIVE MODEL

In this model, there is now a communicative exchange between

senders and receivers, unlike in the linear model where
communication was one-sided.

Since an exchange is already present, this means that the receiver

now gives feedback.

In this model, the two interlocutors take alternating roles as sender

and receiver.
INTERACTIVE MODEL

SENDER RECEIVER
MESSAGE
RECEIVER SENDER
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL

This is the latest addition to the communication models. Experts

believe that in reality, people do not “alternately” communicate.
Instead, there is the simultaneous sending and receiving of
messages.

As such, the transactional model is quite different as it focuses

not only on how messages are sent and received, but also
that we build relationships and meanings while
communicating.

So, in this model, there is the inclusion of other factors such as

the relational, physical and psychological contexts.
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL

Physical and Psychological Contexts

SENDER RECEIVER
MESSAGE
RECEIVER SENDER

Relational Contexts
EXAMPLES OF • ARISTOTLE’S MODEL
• Speaker-centered model
THE LINEAR • Widely used in public speaking
MODEL • 3 elements: credibility (ethos),
connectivity (pathos) and logic (logos)

Photo from: communicationtheory.org

EXAMPLES OF • LASWELL’S MODEL
• Sender-receiver model
THE LINEAR • Widely used in public relations
MODEL • Focuses on the effect of the communicat ion

Photo from: communicationtheory.org

 • SHANNON-WEAVER’S MODEL
• This uses the interactive model, where
EXAMPLES OF there is a “give-and-take” relationship
THE LINEAR between the interlocutors.
• However, in this model, Shannon and
MODEL Weaver focused on how communication
is affected/influenced by the presence
of NOISE.

Photo from: communicationtheory.org

EXAMPLES OF • SCHRAMM’S MODEL
• Fo c u s e s o n t h e Fi e l d o f E x p e ri e n c e b e t w e e n t h e
THE t w o i n t e r l oc u t or s .

INTERACTIVE • Co m m u n i c at io n c a n o n l y h a p p e n w h e n t h e f i e l d s
o f ex p e r i e n c e o f t h e i n t e rl o c u t o rs o v e r l a p ,

MODEL c re at i n g c o m m o n g ro u n d .

Photo from: pinterest.com

 • BERLO’S MODEL
EXAMPLE OF • In Berlo’s Model, communication is
affected by so many extraneous
TRANSACTIONAL factors.
MODEL • The communication skills, background
and context of the interlocutors play a
big role in the success/failure of the
communication process.

Photo from: communicationtheory.org

REFERENCE

• Pressbooks. (n.d.). Communication models. E-campus

Ontario.
https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/professional
comms/chapter/2-2-the-communication-process-
communication-in-the-real-world-an-introduction-to-
communication-studies/.