Name___________________________________ Prob & Stats


Chapter
9
Review
Construct the indicated confidence interval for the difference between the two population means. Assume that the
two samples are independent simple random samples selected from normally distributed populations. Also assume
that the population standard deviations are equal (σ1 = σ2), so that the standard error of the difference between means
is obtained by pooling the sample variances .
1) A researcher was interested in comparing the resting pulse rates of people who exercise regularly and people
who do not exercise regularly. Independent simple random samples were obtained of 16 people who do not
exercise regularly and 12 people who do exercise regularly. The resting pulse rate (in beats per minute) of
each person was recorded. The summary statistics are as follows.
Do Not Exercise Do Exercise
x1 = 73.4 beats/min x2 = 69.7 beats/min
s1 = 10.3 beats/min s2 = 8.6 beats/min
n1 = 16 n2 = 12
Construct a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the mean pulse rate of people who do not
exercise regularly and the mean pulse rate of people who exercise regularly.

2) A paint manufacturer wanted to compare the drying times of two different types of paint. Independent
simple random samples of 11 cans of type A and 9 cans of type B were selected and applied to similar
surfaces. The drying times, in hours, were recorded. The summary statistics are as follows.
Type A Type B
x1 = 70.9 hr x2 = 68.4 hr
s1 = 3.7 hr s2 = 3.2 hr
n1 = 11 n2 = 9
Construct a 99% confidence interval for µ1 - µ2, the difference between the mean drying time for paint type
A and the mean drying time for paint type B.

Test the indicated claim about the variances or standard deviations of two populations. Assume that both samples are
independent simple random samples from populations having normal distributions.
3) Random samples of 13 women and 11 men yielded the following scores on a test:

Women: 70, 78, 62, 96, 75, 68, 41, 74, 80, 47, 73, 94, 65
Men: 72, 60, 52, 87, 66, 74, 95, 50, 81, 70, 72

Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that test scores for women have a larger standard deviation than
test scores for men.
(Note: s1 = 15.588 and s2 = 13.754).

4) When 25 randomly selected customers enter any one of several waiting lines, their waiting times have a
standard deviation of 5.07 minutes. When 16 randomly selected customers enter a single main waiting line,
their waiting times have a standard deviation of 2.02 minutes. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim
that there is more variation in the waiting times when several lines are used.

Chapter 9 Review - pg.1

Name___________________________________ Prob & Stats
5) The manager of a juice bottling factory is considering installing a new juice bottling machine which she
hopes will reduce the amount of variation in the volumes of juice dispensed into 8-fluid-ounce bottles.
Random samples of 10 bottles filled by the old machine and 9 bottles filled by the new machine yielded the
following volumes of juice (in fluid ounces).

Old machine: 8.1, 8.0, 7.9, 8.2, 8.5, 8.1, 8.1,8.2, 7.8, 7.9
New machine: 8.0, 8.1, 8.0, 8.1, 7.9, 8.0, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1

Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the volumes of juice filled by the old machine vary more
than the volumes of juice filled by the new machine.

Solve the problem.

6) A researcher wishes to compare how students at two different schools perform on a math test. He randomly
selects 40 students from each school and obtains their test scores. He pairs the first score from school A with
the first school from school B, the second score from school A with the second school from school B and so
on. He then performs a hypothesis test for matched pairs. Is this approach valid? Why or why not? If it is
not valid, how should the researcher have proceeded?

7) A manager at a bank is interested in the standard deviation of the waiting times when a single waiting line
is used and when individual lines are used. He wishes to test the claim that the population standard
deviation for waiting times when multiple lines are used is greater than the population standard deviation
for waiting times when a single line is used. Find the P-value (or range of p-values) for a test of this claim
given the following sample data.
Sample 1: multiple waiting lines: n1 = 13, s1 = 2.1 minutes
Sample 2: single waiting line: n2 = 16, s2 = 1.1 minutes

8) A researcher wishes to determine whether listening to music affects students' performance on memory test.
He randomly selects 50 students and has each student perform a memory test once while listening to music
and once without listening to music. He obtains the mean and standard deviation of the 50 "with music"
scores and obtains the mean and standard deviation of the 50 "without music scores". He then performs a
hypothesis test for two means assuming large and independent samples. Is this approach appropriate? If
not, how would you proceed.

9) A researcher wished to perform a hypothesis test to test the claim that the rate of defectives among the
computers of two different manufacturers are the same. She selects two independent random samples and
obtains the following sample data.

Manufacturer A: n1 = 400, rate of defectives: 1.5%

Manufacturer B: n 2 = 200, rate of defectives: 3.5%

Can the methods of this section be used to perform a hypothesis test to test for the equality of the two
population proportions? Go through the steps of checking whether the conditions for the hypothesis test for
two population proportions are satisfied. Show your calculations and state your conclusion.

Chapter 9 Review - pg.2

Name___________________________________ Prob & Stats
10) A hypothesis test is to be performed to test the equality of two population means. The sample sizes are large
and the samples are independent. A 95% confidence interval for the difference between the population
means is (1.4, 8.7). If the hypothesis test is based on the same samples, which of the following do you know
for sure:

A: The hypothesis µ1 = µ2 would be rejected at the 5% level of significance.

B: The hypothesis µ1 = µ2 would be rejected at the 10% level of significance.
C: The hypothesis µ1 = µ2 would be rejected at the 1% level of significance.

Determine the decision criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis in the given hypothesis test; i.e., describe the values
of the test statistic that would result in rejection of the null hypothesis.
11) A farmer has decided to use a new additive to grow his crops. He divided his farm into 10 plots and kept
records of the corn yield (in bushels) before and after using the additive. The results are shown below.
Plot: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Before 9 9 8 7 6 8 5 9 10 11
After 10 9 9 8 7 10 6 10 10 12
You wish to test the following hypothesis at the 10 percent level of significance.

H0: µd = 0 against H1: µd ≠ 0.

What decision rule would you use?

Construct the indicated confidence interval for the difference between population proportions p1 - p 2. Assume that
the samples are independent and that they have been randomly selected.
12) A marketing survey involves product recognition in New York and California. Of 558 New Yorkers
surveyed, 193 knew the product while 196 out of 614 Californians knew the product. Construct a 99%
confidence interval for the difference between the two population proportions.

Construct a confidence interval for µd, the mean of the differences d for the population of paired data. Assume that
the population of paired differences is normally distributed.
13) Ten different families are tested for the number of gallons of water a day they use before and after viewing a
conservation video. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the mean of the differences.
Before 33 33 38 33 35 35 40 40 40 31
After 34 28 25 28 35 33 31 28 35 33

14) A test of writing ability is given to a random sample of students before and after they completed a formal
writing course. The results are given below. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean difference
between the before and after scores.
Before 70 80 92 99 93 97 76 63 68 71 74
After 69 79 90 96 91 95 75 64 62 64 76

15) A coach uses a new technique in training middle distance runners. The times for 9 different athletes to run
800 meters before and after this training are shown below.
Athlete A B C D E F G H I
Time before training (seconds) 115.2 120.9 108.0 112.4 107.5 119.1 121.3 110.8 122.3
Time after training (seconds) 116.0 119.1 105.1 111.9 109.1 115.2 118.5 110.7 120.9
Construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean difference of the "before" minus "after" times.

Chapter 9 Review - pg.3

Name___________________________________ Prob & Stats
Assume that you plan to use a significance level of α = 0.05 to test the claim that p1 = p 2. Use the given sample sizes
and numbers of successes to find the z test statistic for the hypothesis test.
16) A random sampling of sixty pitchers from the National League and fifty-two pitchers from the American
League showed that 19 National and 11 American League pitchers had E.R.A's below 3.5.

17) A report on the nightly news broadcast stated that 10 out of 108 households with pet dogs were burglarized
and 20 out of 208 without pet dogs were burglarized.

18) In a vote on the Clean Water bill, 46% of the 205 Democrats voted for the bill while 47% of the 230
Republicans voted for it.

Test the indicated claim about the means of two populations. Assume that the two samples are independent simple
random samples selected from normally distributed populations. Do not assume that the population standard
deviations are equal. Use the traditional method or P-value method as indicated.
19) A researcher wishes to determine whether people with high blood pressure can reduce their blood pressure,
measured in mm Hg, by following a particular diet. Use a significance level of 0.01 to test the claim that the
treatment group is from a population with a smaller mean than the control group. Use the traditional
method of hypothesis testing.

Treatment Group Control Group

n1 = 35 n2 = 28
x1 = 189.1 x2 = 203.7
s1 = 38.7 s2 = 39.2

20) A researcher was interested in comparing the amount of time (in hours) spent watching television by women
and by men. Independent simple random samples of 14 women and 17 men were selected, and each person
was asked how many hours he or she had watched television during the previous week. The summary
statistics are as follows.
Women Men
x1 = 11.8 hr x2 = 13.5 hr
s1 = 3.9 hr s2 = 5.2 hr
n1 = 14 n2 = 17
Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean amount of time spent watching television by
women is smaller than the mean amount of time spent watching television by men. Use the traditional
method of hypothesis testing.

Assume that you want to test the claim that the paired sample data come from a population for which the mean
difference is µd = 0. Compute the value of the t test statistic. Round intermediate calculations to four decimal places as
needed and final answers to three decimal places as needed.
21) The following table shows the weights of nine subjects before and after following a particular diet for two
months. You wish to test the claim that the diet is effective in helping people lose weight. What is the value
of the appropriate test statistic?
Subject A B C D E F G H I
Before 168 180 157 132 202 124 190 210 171
After 162 178 145 125 171 126 180 195 163

Chapter 9 Review - pg.4

Answer Key
Testname: CHAPTER 9 REVIEW

1) -2.57 beats/min < µ1 - µ2 < 9.97 beats/min

2) -2.01 hrs < µ1 - µ2 < 7.01 hrs
3) H0: σ1 = σ2 H1: σ1 > σ2
Test statistic: F = 1.28
Upper critical F value: 2.9130
Fail to reject the null hypothesis. At the 5% significance level, there is not sufficient evidence to the support the
claim that test scores for women have a larger standard deviation than test scores for men.
4) H0: σ1 = σ2 H1: σ1 > σ2
Test statistic: F = 6.3.
Upper critical F value: 2.2878
Reject H0. There is sufficient evidence to support the claim that there is more variation in the waiting times when
several lines are used.
5) H0: σ1 = σ2 H1: σ1 > σ2
Test statistic: F = 6.47
Upper critical F value: 3.3881
Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the volumes of juice filled by the
old machine vary more than the volumes of juice filled by the new machine.
6) There is no natural pairing here; hence, it is not appropriate to perform a test for matched pairs. The two samples
are independent and a hypothesis test for large, independent samples should have been performed.
7) 0.01 < P-value < 0.025
8) The data consists of matched pairs since for each person there is a "with music" score and a "without music" score.
The two samples are dependent not independent. The researcher should calculate, for each person, the difference
d between their "with music" score and their "without music" score and then use these differences to perform a
hypothesis test for matched pairs.
9) x1 = 400(0.015) = 6
x2 = 200(0.035) = 7

p = 6+7 = 0.0217
400+200

n1p = 400(0.0217) = 8.7

n2p = 200(0.0217) = 4.3
Because n2p < 5, the conditions for the hypothesis test are not satisfied.
10) A and B
11) Reject H0 if test statistic is less than -1.833 or greater than 1.833.
12) -0.0443 < p 1 - p 2 < 0.0976
13) 1.8 < µd < 7.8
14) -0.5 < µd < 4.5
15) -0.82 < µd < 3.26
16) z = 1.253
17) z = -0.102
18) z = -0.209

Chapter 9 Review - pg.5

Answer Key
Testname: CHAPTER 9 REVIEW

19) H0: µ1 = µ2.

H1: µ1 < µ2.
Test statistic: t = -1.477.
Critical value: -2.473.
Do not reject the null hypothesis. There is not sufficient evidence to support the claim that the treatment group is
from a population with a smaller mean than the control group.
20) H0: µ1 = µ2
H1: µ1 < µ2
Test statistic: t = -1.039
Critical value: t = -1.701
Do not reject H0. At the 5% significance level, there is not sufficient evidence to support the claim that the mean
amount of time spent watching television by women is smaller than the mean amount of time spent watching
television by men.
21) 3.156

Chapter 9 Review - pg.6