Name: Mark Angelo M.

Verdijo Date: 09/26/22

Course & Section: BSED-SS 1A

1.) SOCRATES – I think that for Socrates the soul is the person's true self. In fact,
Socrates said that when we turn inward in search for self-knowledge, we would
eventually discover our true self. Viewed from this vantage point, the self is our
“inner being”

2.) HUME - Hume suggests that the self is just a bundle of perceptions, like links in a
chain. Hume argues that our concept of the self is a result of our natural habit of
attributing unified existence to any collection of associated parts.

3.) PLATO - Plato argues that the soul is really an entity distinct from the body.

4.) ST. AUGUSTINE - St. Augustine said that knowing God is equal to knowing
ourselves. Complete our self is from our sense experiences in the body mind
dualism. Augustine's sense of self is his relation to God, both in his recognition of
God's love and his response to it achieved through self-presentation, then self-
realization.

5.) LOCKE – Just like what Locke said, Locke suggests that the self is “a thinking
intelligent being, that has reason and reflection, and can consider itself as itself,
the same thinking thing, in different times and places” and continues to define
personal identity simply as “the sameness of a rational being”.

6.) DESCARTES - Rene Descartes said that self is Cogito Ergo Sum meaning I think
before I am. Descartes said that no one ever doubt his existence because of our
ability to think. He also said that self is a thinking entity and as physical body. He
believes in the body mind dualism.

7.) KANT – Kant said that both of these theories are incomplete when it comes to the
self. According to him, we all have an inner and an outer self which together form
our consciousness. The inner self is comprised of our psychological state and our
rational intellect. The outer self includes our sense and the physical world.

8.) FREUD – He believed that if you have a strong sense of self (ego), you're capable of
understanding your own needs and also intuiting the limits that society puts on you.
If you have a strong sense of self, you can move freely through life.
9.) RYLE - “The self is the way people behave”. The self is basically our behaviour. This
concept provided the philosophical principle, “I act therefore I am”. In short, the self
is the same as bodily behaviour.

10.) CHURCHLAND – They said that, self and brain are connected to each other
because when you are true to yourself it will immediately connects to your brain so
you can conclude what's going on in that situation.

11.) MERLEAU-PONTY - Merleau-Ponty wrote, 'Inside and outside are

inseparable. The world is wholly inside and I am wholly outside myself. To sum it up,
this work asserts that self and perception are encompassed in a physical body.
Therefore, the physical body is a part of self.
 Explain this concept of self in your own experiences of “self”. Choose “3”

St. Augustine - He was right because here on earth, we live in our body but after life, we live
in our soul. We have to choose our own path while we are still living here on earth because
after life, it will define where our soul be taken to. The self is our soul and the most truthful
of all appearances that we present to others. Similar to our experiences in reality, when we
feel at ease around someone, we tend to show our true selves. Our souls outline who we
truly are, and they value the person we wish to become. To see one's soul in one's eyes, one
must be genuine and authentic in their actual self.

I’m a little rusty on Plato, so may have some concepts confused. I think the idea was that it
was not possible to fully know anything because there would always be things we can’t
know. Is that correct?

If so, then it is true that while we are physical we can’t know everything, and even those
who have death experiences and are filled with all knowledge lose much of it when they
return. I think it is a part of our role to maintain curiosity and explore to learn the secrets of
the universe on our own.
 Explain this concept of self in your own experiences of “self”. Choose “3”

Self is a constantly updating psychological construct based on our own individual life
experiences and it changes as we experience new things.

Self is a subjective state of existence that we can't escape from, but through communicating
with other "selves" we can grow our Self into something more dynamic and meaningful.

Self is a protection method for ensuring individual survival so that through establishing our
identity we can focus on our individual needs.

Self is an illusion that can be transgressed in a healthy way through philosophical thought
experiments, or in a harmful way through cult oriented group behavior.