MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DESIGN AND TECHNOL-

OGY

SCHOOL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEOMATICS AND LAND MANAGE-

MENT

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

COMPANY NAME: GEOSURV

LOCATION OF FIRM: DEWINTON STREET
DATE OF REPORT: 5th September 2017
NAME: KAGOLE DAVID
STUDENT NUMBER: 214000697
EMAIL ADDRESS: davidnickywoods@gmail.com
COURSE NUMBER: SUV 2300
YEAR: FOURTH YEAR
UNIVERSITY: MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is with immense gladness and pleasure to express my heartfelt gratitude to various
individuals whose unconditional and tireless efforts, support and advice contributed
profoundly to the success of my entire industrial training.

To this end, I greatly thank Mr. Muwulya Frank, my field supervisor who taught me so
many important aspects of cadastral surveying, practical and professional surveying. His
endeavor and generosity are so deeply appreciated.

In a like manner, I send my sincere thanks to the entire staff of Geosurv Land Solutions
whose advice and guidance took my survey skills to another amazing level.

Similarly, I also thank my Department supervisor, Mrs. Lydia Kayondo who gave me
insight on how to come up with this report in a clear professional manner. Above all, I
thank my God who protected and preserved me healthy and prosperous during the entire
internship period.

ii
ENDORSEMENT
I declare with all honesty and sincerity that the work presented herein is my own to the
best of my knowledge, neither a concoction nor a derivation from another student’s work
and has not yet received academic credit from any university so far. This report is an
authentic demonstration and illustration of what transpired during my entire industrial
training period.

KAGOLE DAVID
Signature
……………………………………………
Date
……………………………………………

iii
 ABSTRACT
This report has been suitably prepared to reveal a whole range of activities done,
operations carried out and experiences met during the internship training which took
place from 26th June to 11th August 2017. The internship training was carried at
GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS

This report describes the various cadastral operations or tasks which were carried out
during the internship period. It includes the instrumentation used, methodologies
followed and the techniques of data processing and analysis that were applied so as to
accomplish every single task. Additionally, it gives a general overview of the challenges
faced, achievements obtained from the training and plausible recommendations.

Data tables and AutoCAD diagrams have also been attached through the appendix to
make more illustrations and add more scientific meaning to the procedures that were
described in the prior chapters.

iv
 LIST OF ACRONYMS
CSV -Comma Separated Values
PNEZD -Point, Nothing, Easting, Elevation, Decription.
UTM -Universal Traverse Mercator
IT -Industrial training.
GNSS -Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS -Global Positioning Systems
RTK -Real Time Kinematic
IBSS -Internet Base Station Service
JRJ -Job Record Jacket
TIN -Triangulated Irregular Network

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......................................................................................................................ii
ENDORSEMENT..................................................................................................................................iii
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS...........................................................................................................................v
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction..............................................................................................................3
1.1ABOUT GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS..................................................................................3
1.1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION OF GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS...........................3
1.1.2 SERVICES OFFERED BY GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS...............................................3
1.1.3 LOCATION AND CONTACT INFORMATION....................................................................4
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE INTERNSHIP TRAINING................................................................5
1.2.1 Main objective..........................................................................................................................5
1.2.2 Specific objectives....................................................................................................................5
1.2.3 Learning Outcomes..................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER TWO: BOUNDARY OPENING........................................................................................7
2.1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................7
2.2 INSTRUMENTATION.................................................................................................................7
2.3 METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................................8
2.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS.....................................................................................8
2.5 CASE SURVEYS...........................................................................................................................9
2.5.1 BOUNDARY OPENING PLOT 636 BLOCK 102 KYADONDO.........................................9
2.5.2 BOUNDARY OPENING OF PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE LINK...........................9
CHAPTER THREE: SUBDIVISION SURVEYS..............................................................................10
3.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................10
3.2 INSTRUMENTATION...............................................................................................................10
3.3 METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................10
3.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS...................................................................................11
3.5 SETTING OUT............................................................................................................................12
3.6 JOB RECORD JACKET COMPUTATIONS..........................................................................12
3.6 CASE SURVEYS.........................................................................................................................12
3.6.1 SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 118 BLOCK 32 KASANJE........................................................12
3.6.2 SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 198 BLOCK 20 MAWOKOTA..................................................12
3.6.3 SUBDIVISION SURVEY OF PLOT 921 BLOCK 187 KYADONDO................................13
CHAPTER FOUR: TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS.............................................................................14
4.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................14
4.2 INSTRUMENTATION...............................................................................................................14
4.3 METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................14
4.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS...................................................................................14

1
 4.6 CASE SURVEYS.........................................................................................................................15
4.6.1 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF LAND AT BULOBA PLOT 4309 BLOCK 313-320-01. . .15
CHAPTER FIVE: Challenges, Achievements And Conclusions......................................................16
5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................16
5.2 Challenges Faced.........................................................................................................................16
5.3 Achievements................................................................................................................................17
5.4 General Conclusions....................................................................................................................18
5.5 Recommendations.......................................................................................................................18
APPENDIX.............................................................................................................................................20
APPENDIX 1: BOUNDARY OPENING OF PLOT 636 BLOCK 102 KYADONDO...............21
1.1 ABSTRACT OF COORDINATES OF THE SURVEY MARK STONES..............................21
1.2 INDEX DIAGRAM SHOWING PLOT 636 BLOCK 102 KYADONDO...............................22
APPENDIX 2: BOUNDARY OPENING PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE LINK............23
2.1 ABSTRACT OF COORDINATES OF THE SURVEY MARK STONES..............................23
2.2 INDEX DIAGRAM SHOWING PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE LINK......................24
APPENDIX 3: SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 118 BLOCK 32 KASANJE.......................................25
APPENDIX 4: SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 198 BLOCK 20 MAWOKOTA................................26
APPENDIX 5: SUBDIVISION SURVEY OF PLOT 921 BLOCK 187 KYADONDO..............27

2
 CHAPTER ONE: Introduction

1.1ABOUT GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS

1.1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION OF GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS

Geosurv land solutions was incorporated in the year of 2011 as a joint company with five
directors who are all acquitted with surveying and valuation skills required to meet the
current demands in engineering and other related professional fields.

Geosurv prides itself in the unrivalled experience of its professionals and hands on
technical expertise to undertake valuation and surveying works. Their adeptness and
flexibility to clients without compromising the quality or construction principles has seen
involved in many exigent projects.

The idea came up after realizing a gap in service provision in the valuation and surveying
sector where many surveyors were adopting traditional methods which are not timely and
could not meet the current demand in valuation and surveying, and yet its goal was to
implement the state of art technology which is quick and more accurate and with that
they can meet the demands in the valuation and surveying sector in Uganda.

1.1.2 SERVICES OFFERED BY GEOSURV LAND SOLUTIONS

In the surveying sector, it offers consultancy services in all aspects of surveying ranging
from cadastral surveying which involves land documentation and titling, establishing of
geodetic control networks, to engineering surveying which entails digital mapping for
engineering design, setting out works and monitoring construction works.

In the valuation sector, it carries out inspection and report writing for all sorts of purposes
including sale, compensation, taxation, mortgage, insurance and court purposes. We also
do land transfers, property management and marketing of land from all places.

3
1.1.3 LOCATION AND CONTACT INFORMATION
Geosurv Land solutions is located along Dewinton Street on Plot 7/8 Room 2 in Kampala
City in Uganda.
P.O. Box 4870, Kampala.
Telephone No: +256 752 620987
Email Address: geosurvlandsolutions@gmail.com

4
 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE INTERNSHIP TRAINING
1.2.1 Main objective.
The preponderant intent of this training period was to enable students to translate
surveying principles learnt in class from a theoretical perspective to practical and hands-
on experience. This practical experience was to be gained through the various forms of
land surveying for instance Cadastral surveys, engineering surveys, route surveys, control
surveys, GIS and many others.
Consequently, every student was attached to a specific private survey firm,
government bodies with survey departments, real estate developers and other related
institutions in all of which each student could stand the opportunity of handling and using
surveying equipment.

1.2.2 Specific objectives.

1. To make students encounter real field situations of the concepts learnt in class.
2. To enable students relate with professionals in the field and build up confidence in the
practical parts of the profession.
3. For students to appreciate the interplay between related professions in the field. (Civil
Engineers, Architects, Physical Planners etc)
4. To practically learn the management and execution of projects related to the surveying
profession.
5. To expose students to the actual situation in the real world and enable them to interact
with potential employers

1.2.3 Learning Outcomes

At the end of the Industrial Training period, it was expected of every student to be able
to:
1. Have acquired practical surveying skills.
2. Handle, use and care for surveying equipment.
3. Work with other professionals as a team.

5
1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

The report is structured into 5 chapters. Chapter 1 gives a simple introduction to the
entire report. It gives brief background information about the internship firm as well as
the objectives of the industrial training.

Chapter 2 describes in detail the boundary opening surveys that were carried out. In it is
described the instrumentation, general methodology, data processing and analysis. This
chapter is concluded with case surveys that were carried out.

Chapter 3 describes in detail the subdivision surveys that were carried out. Here in also is
described the instrumentation, general methodology followed, data processing, analysis
and setting out. It is also concluded with a few of the case surveys that were carried out
under this task.

Chapter 4 is all about the topographic surveys that were executed. It elucidates the
general methodology in data collection and then the data analysis, processing and
presentation skills applied to come up with a topographic map of the subject area.

Chapter 5 of this report also contains the challenges faced, achievements,

recommendations and general conclusions about the internship training.

The Appendix of this report depicts field data collected and Index diagrams of the survey
work done.

6
 CHAPTER TWO: BOUNDARY OPENING

2.1 INTRODUCTION
Boundary opening or boundary survey refers to the process of establishing the extents of
a given parcel of land. It involves determination of property lines and defining true
property corners of a parcel of land.

2.2 INSTRUMENTATION
A variety of instruments can be used to aid the practical accomplishment of a boundary
survey but though in essence this is always fundamentally dependent on the nature of the
plot and estimated cost of the survey. The instruments below were used in carry out
boundary surveys:

Tape: this was essential in making rough ground measurements and also aiding the
process of determining the approximate position of missing plot mark stones.

Panga and Hoes: These were used in clearing pathways to enable clear line of sight to
the reflector target and also for digging to reveal mark stones that are covered underneath
the ground

RTK GNSS Rover Receiver and controller: The combination of the two was used to
obtain the UTM coordinates of plot corners and also other significant features like
permanent structures within the subject plots. The Receiver utilized the Internet Base
Station Service (IBSS) for its operation. IBSS is a modern GPS technology in which RTK
corrections from a base station are broadcasted over the internet via Wi-Fi or a cellular
network to a rover receiver. IBSS is offered on a monthly subscription through the
connected community. In order to leverage this service, one connects to their base
stations via a Local Area Network (LAN) or the Trimble SNM910 Cellular Modem and
begin providing GNSS corrections via the internet.

7
 2.3 METHODOLOGY
The methodology involved execution of a reconnaissance survey which was intended to
locate and identify the mark stones that define the boundaries of the subject plot under in-
vestigation and also the neighboring plots. This preliminary survey also helped in obtain-
ing knowledge of the prevalent site conditions such as land cover in the area.

This played a great role in identifying the instruments that would be appropriately needed
in carried out the survey effectively. The process of locating plot mark stones was done
with the help of a tape and the Cadastral print obtained from the land office.

The linear measurements of the plot were checked to ensure that they match with those
indicated on the cadastral print. This was done by stretching the tape between the identi-
fied mark stones and the measurement read was compared with that on the cadastral print

In instances where the mark stones had been previously removed, wooden stakes of about
one meter were planted adjacent to the identified mark for purposes of easy identification
of the location of the mark stones.

After thorough boundary verification was done, a Real-time Geodetic GNSS receiver and
a controller were used to obtain the coordinates of the corner points of the subject plot
and neighboring plots.

Site calibration was done and the coordinate data was exported from the controller in
CSV format and then downloaded onto the computer. The coordinate data was captured
in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system.

2.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

The downloaded coordinate data was arranged in PNEZD (Point, Northing, Easting, Ele-
vation, Description) format in Microsoft Excel application before being finally imported
into AutoCAD Civil 3D software for further processing and analysis.

The imported points were joined up with line work so as to clearly define the plot bound-
aries. The dimensions of the generated plot were checked against those indicated on the
cadastral print. By using suitable AutoCAD commands, the area of the subject plot was
computed.

8
On the other hand, the cadastral print was scanned. The scanned image was then imported
in AutoCAD Civil 3D and scaling was done. The purpose of scaling was to ensure that
the measurements made within the software are in line with those on the cadastral print.

Hereafter, the scanned image was digitized with close attention given in maintaining the
linear and angular dimensions of the plot. The area of the generated plot was computed in
a like manner as before.

The two areas were compared and by virtue of logical consideration, they ought to be
closely the same in terms of value. These two area values were compared with that on the
certificate of title. If these two area values tallied closely with that indicated on the cer-
tificate of title, then the survey was considered a success.

2.5 CASE SURVEYS

2.5.1 BOUNDARY OPENING PLOT 636 BLOCK 102 KYADONDO

This survey was carried out in Matugga and the subject plot was a parcel of private Mailo
land. The major intent of this survey was to find acreage of the subject parcel of land.
After the survey, the linear and angular dimensions on ground were found to tally with
those on the Cadastral print. The computed area of the plot was found to be 0.42
Hectares which tallied with that on the title.

The abstract of coordinates of the survey mark stones and the generated AutoCAD draw-
ing are found in APPENDIX 1.

2.5.2 BOUNDARY OPENING OF PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE LINK

This survey required the ascertainment of the area of Plot 1-3 located on the Coronation
Avenue link. The survey was carried out successfully and the area of the subject plot was
computed to be 0.422 Acres with linear and angular dimensions bearing appreciable
consistence with those on the Cadastral Print

The AutoCAD index diagram indicating this subdivision is found in APPENDIX 2.

9
 CHAPTER THREE: SUBDIVISION SURVEYS

3.1 INTRODUCTION
Subdivision Survey (commonly referred to as subdivision platting) is the process of
splitting a tract of land into smaller parcels and drawing a map (or plat) of the new
subdivision, often for the purpose of selling off the parcels individually.

3.2 INSTRUMENTATION
The instruments below were used to aid all the subdivisions that were done;
Total station: This was the principle instrument used to measure angles and distances.
Tape: This was used to make provisional length measurements during the surveys.
Reflector: reflects the radiations from the total station to enable electronic distance
measurement.
Tripod legs: these are metallic or wooden legs upon which the total station is placed,
fixed, centered and levelled.
GNSS Dual frequency receivers: These were used in obtaining UTM coordinate data.

3.3 METHODOLOGY

From principle, boundary opening surveys are always done before any cadastral
subdivision is done. The surveys were commenced with reconnaissance so as identify the
survey mark stones on the subject plot and neighboring plots which were to be used as
points of reference during the survey. This activity would also give a clue of the relevant
survey equipment which would carry out the task accurately and cost effectively.

The procedure of locating the survey mark stones was done with the help of a tape and a
cadastral print which was obtained from the land office. The tape was stretched between
the identified mark stones and the obtained measurement was compared with that indi-
cated on the cadastral print. This helped in ascertaining the identified mark stones.
Wooden stakes of about one meter were planted adjacent to the identified mark for pur-
poses of easy identification.9i

The total station was then setup, levelled and centered at a strategic point at which all the
survey marks stones could be visible. The reflector was placed at one of the mark stones,
the horizontal angle set to zero and then the distance between the total station and reflec-
10
tor was measured, read and recorded. Observations were repeated when the reflector is
placed on the remaining plot mark stones and in each case the horizontal angle and dis-
tance were measured, read and recorded.

However, in cases where a single instrument setup was not sufficient to capture all the re-
quired plot mark stones, a traverse survey would be carried out with the same procedure
of recording horizontal angles and distances incorporated.

Additionally, UTM coordinate data of the subject plot would also be obtained for pur-
poses of checking accuracy of survey and also helping in computing of JRJs.

3.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

The recorded data was manually entered into AutoCAD Civil 3D software so as to
generate an index diagram showing the extents or boundaries of the subject plot. The
angular and linear dimensions of the generated index diagram were compared with those
on the cadastral print to ensure that both were consistent.

Additionally, the area of the generated model of the extents of the subject plot was
computed and compared with the one indicated on the certificate of title. If the two
agreed, this would be an automatic go ahead to proceed with the subdivision of the land.
On the contrary, if the two areas substantially differed by a significant amount, the survey
would inevitably be redone with greater care so as avoid errors that could possibly have
been encountered in the first survey.

On the other second, another plot model would be generated using the UTM coordinate
data obtained from the land office. The model generated from the field data would be
aligned within Civil 3D to the one generated using the Coordinate data. This would help
in geo-referencing the plot corners obtained in the field.

With the help of various AutoCAD commands, the amount of land that was required to be
cut off was subdivided off the entire subject plot. The dimensions and areas of the new
plot(s) and residual plot would be indicated and these were to guide the setting out
procedure.

11
 3.5 SETTING OUT
In the context of cadastral surveying, setting out is the process which involves the
marking out the extents of a parcel of land which appears on cadastral plan, in its correct
position on the ground.

In this specific circumstance, the new plot corners indicated on the AutoCAD diagram as
per the subdivision made where to be placed in their correct position on ground. With the
help of a total station, reflector and tape, the new plot corners were set out on ground.
New mark stones were established at these locations to clearly mark them out.

In other instances, especially when the setting out data was ample, GNSS receivers
coupled with controllers would be used in setting out the new plot corners. In this case,
the setting out data would be keyed in into the controller and then setting out was done in
Real kinematic mode.

3.6 JOB RECORD JACKET COMPUTATIONS

Finally, a JRJ would be computed and it consisted of Job history, Index to computations,
index diagram, scaled diagram, field notes, Traverse Computation sheet, abstract of
coordinates and area computation sheet.

3.6 CASE SURVEYS

3.6.1 SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 118 BLOCK 32 KASANJE

The intent of this survey was to subdivide a plot 118 of land which measured 2.02 Acres /
0.819 Hectares. The plot was subdivided into 15 plots measuring 0.115 Acres with a
residue of 0.3 Acres.

The AutoCAD diagram depicting this subdivision is found in APPENDIX 3.

3.6.2 SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 198 BLOCK 20 MAWOKOTA

In this survey, the mother plot measured 2.15 Acres. 1.54 Acres were mutated off and a
residue of 0.61 Acres

APPENDIX 4 shows the AutoCAD diagram that depicts this subdivision.

12
3.6.3 SUBDIVISION SURVEY OF PLOT 921 BLOCK 187 KYADONDO
In this survey, 0.129 Acres were cut off the mother plot which measured 0.252 acres to
leave a residue of 0.123 Acres.

APPENDIX 5 of this report depicts the AutoCAD diagram of this subdivision survey.

13
 CHAPTER FOUR: TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS

4.1 INTRODUCTION
Topographic surveys are surveys which are used to identify and map the contours of the
ground and existing features on the surface of the earth or slightly above or below the
earth’s surface. These surveys produce accurate representations of areas of interest
showing all natural and manmade features in their correct 3 dimensional positions. These
features include the property, land features and physical boundary details all of which are
represented on a scaled survey drawing.

4.2 INSTRUMENTATION
The instruments below were used to aid all the subdivisions that were done;
Dual Frequency Geodetic GNSS receiver: This was used in obtaining the 3 dimensional
coordinate data in UTM coordinate system.
GPS/GIS Hand Held terminal or Controller: This was a Personal Digital Assistant
(PDA) which assisted in the process of capturing the coordinate data.

4.3 METHODOLOGY
The survey was always commenced with reconnaissance so as to identify the available
features on ground both manmade and natural features.

The GPS equipment was then setup and throughout the entire data acquisition process,
the GNSS receiver was used Real Time Kinematic Mode.

The Rover receiver was moved from one feature to the other while coordinate data was
captured with the help of the GPS handheld PDA controller. After all the available
features were captured, the data was exported from the controller in CSV format.

4.4 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

Firstly, the CSV format coordinate data would then be imported in AutoCAD Civil 3D in
the PNEZD point format. The points would be added to various Point Groups basing on
the Point description. This implies that Points with the same description would be placed
under the same point group.

14
Secondly, Polylines were used to represent break lines within the surface. Break lines are
lines that define abrupt topographic variations within specified areas. These break lines
were generated by drawing a polyline through all points captured with their point
description as “Breakline”. These polylines would then be added to the surface definition
as Breaklines.

Thirdly, an enclosed polyline would be drawn to represent the surface boundary and this
was done with the care that all the point data was within the defined enclosure. This
polyline was added to the surface definition as a surface boundary.

Fourthly, the point data would be added to the surface definition to enable generation of a
TIN surface model. Through Surface Properties, desirable edits would be made to the
surface definition such as contour interval, surface style and many other surface
properties were altered to suit the desired output. Contour labels were also indicated at a
suitable interval.

4.6 CASE SURVEYS

4.6.1 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF LAND AT BULOBA PLOT 4309 BLOCK 313-
320-01
This was private Mailo land located on plot 4309 Block 313-320-01. The area was largely
swampy and the fundamental intent of the survey was to make a thorough topographic
study of the area and then generate a topographic map to the client and his Architect. The
survey was successfully accomplished. The topo data and the generated Topo Map can
are found in APPENDIX 6

15
 CHAPTER FIVE: Challenges, Achievements And Conclusions.

5.1 Introduction
This chapter elucidates the limitations, achievements and experiences encountered during
the whole internship period. It also includes conclusions and recommendations that were
fundamentally inspired by how the entire industrial training period proceeded.

5.2 Challenges Faced

As it is a common perceived pattern that no practical execution can hardly be
accomplished without restraints, inhibitions or challenges, there were several of such that
were substantially unavoidable and these are briefly explained below;

One of the preponderant challenges was hostility from the natives who had fear that per-
haps the motive of surveying their land was for fraudulent purposes for instance survey-
ing and selling it off without their consent. This was basically attributed by their past ex-
periences with regard to surveying of their land and as a result had developed a passion-
ate contempt for surveyors.

There was seemingly a considerable gap between what was learnt in class and the actual
cadastral work done in the field. There were a lot of theoretical cadastral concepts taught
in class that were not sufficiently applicable into context of Ugandan cadastral surveys.
This brought a lot of hardships in making coherent comparisons between what was learnt
in class and what was practically being done.

There was a challenge of lack of a reliable coordinate data reference. This was mainly en-
countered when it came to cadastral surveys which required coordinate data from land of-
fices. The gist of this issue was that coordinate data from various offices was substan-
tially varying from each other and also from the coordinate data obtained in the field us-
ing GPS techniques. Consequently, there was a profound dilemma in choosing which data
to use as a reference for checking accuracy and consistency of the survey made.

Unfavorable site conditions greatly inhibited and slowed the progress of the surveys.
Such conditions included swampy areas especially after rainfall wherein the whole site
would be flooded with water thereby hindering movement and setting up of the instru-
16
ments. Additionally, there also areas with very thick vegetation cover that could hardly
allow usage of Total stations. Substantial clearing of vegetation had to be done such that
unobstructed lines of sight could be established for effective usage of the total station.
This made the survey tiresome and laborious.

There was also a profound challenge in obtaining land titles from the land offices espe-
cially when clients needed to obtain for themselves one. This was mainly attributed to by
the bureaucratic operation of the land office for example it would take over a month for
the Certificates of Title to be processed. This always made clients bear the impression
that they had been made victims of fraudulent work.

Great challenges were faced in circumstances where the survey mark stones were no
longer located on ground that is to say the subject and neighboring plots. This became a
big problem during boundary opening because without at least two or three mark stones,
anything could hardly be done on site. This was even aggravated more by the fact that
some clients too never knew where the survey mark stones defining their plots were lo-
cated. All this yielded up to ample time being taken on a single survey task which could
be done in a few hours or a day.

5.3 Achievements.
Despite the above challenges, significant attainments and exploits were never the less
made and these are explained below;

Advancement in the knowledge and practical skills of usage and manipulation of various
survey instruments was experienced. These instruments included the total Station and
GPS receivers.

The execution of the cadastral work involved interacting with various people like clients
and local people. In the long run, communication skills and professional insight into how
to handle various cadastral situations were in due time developed.

17
The theoretical principles and survey methodologies learnt in class were profoundly ap-
preciated. This was essentially because the internship period provided a hands-on experi-
ence which involved putting them in practice to solve existing cadastral challenges.

Expert knowledge and prowess in usage of various survey software were attained. These
included AutoCAD Civil 3D which was basically used in generating cadastral plots and
surface models during topographic surveys, Google earth, Global mapper and Trimble
business Center which was used basically used in preprocessing of GNSS data.

5.4 General Conclusions

In conclusion, this second internship period was a remarkable experience which
intensified survey insight and expertise. The experience encountered invoked perception
of the Land surveying profession at a different perspective all together.

This internship had great ability of opening one’s understanding so as to clearly correlate
and appreciate between theory and practical. Basing on the perceived benefit of the
industrial training, it is worth observing that land surveying students would be
incompetent surveyors at the end of the entire course if the industrial training period was
not part of the academic curriculum.

5.5 Recommendations
The recommendations stated thus in this section are largely a product of the experiences
encountered during the entire training period ranging from the challenges faced all the
way up to the achievements made.

Firstly, in all humility of suggestion, the Student internship money should be substantially
increased. This is because the current measure is not sufficient enough to provide long
term sustainability throughout the entire internship period. This is because a great deal of
costs is incurred in the due course especially in the aspect of transportation and meals.

18
The government should organize a nation-wide sensitization program whose intent and
goal is to enlighten and inform the general public about the importance of land surveying.
This is with the strong conviction that such a move will be a great tool of alleviating the
problem of hostility of the native people towards land surveyors. Strictly speaking, the
success of such a campaign will invoke the local people to revere and appreciate land sur-
veyors.

Basing on the perils that surfaced during field surveyors, it is quite prudent to recommend
that surveyors should always be escorted by Police or any other security body to ensure
their safety in the field. In the presence of such security personnel, this could potentially
be a great encumbrance for the locals to execute any unlawful deed upon the surveyors.

19
APPENDIX

20
 APPENDIX 1: BOUNDARY OPENING OF PLOT 636 BLOCK 102
KYADONDO

1.1 ABSTRACT OF COORDINATES OF THE SURVEY MARK STONES

PONT EASTING NORTHING

CM1 449403.54 48772.93
CM2 449413.64 48770.78
CM3 449456.86 48747.77
CM4 449466.87 48737.88
CM5 449469.55 48735.23
CM6 449447.74 48737.50
CM7 449437.88 48743.81
CM8 449432.45 48735.33
CM9 449440.83 48729.96
CM10 449437.67 48723.66
CM11 449448.25 48717.56
CM12 449446.68 48715.95
CM13 449437.40 48694.88
CM14 449433.10 48695.88
CM15 449424.79 48723.44
CM16 449422.54 48714.57
CM17 449411.04 48720.84
CM18 449414.04 48735.78
CM19 449400.43 48740.41
CM20 449400.60 48721.87
CM21 449360.80 48712.79
CM22 449362.38 48718.35

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1.2 INDEX DIAGRAM SHOWING PLOT 636 BLOCK 102 KYADONDO

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APPENDIX 2: BOUNDARY OPENING PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE
LINK
2.1 ABSTRACT OF COORDINATES OF THE SURVEY MARK STONES
POINT EASTING NORTHING
CM1 456650.29 36564.34
CM2 456631.36 36585.66
CM3 456634.86 36589.23
CM4 456681.44 36636.75
CM5 456692.61 36647.13
CM6 456692.61 36627.65
CM7 456683.42 36606.12
CM8 456668.60 36586.63
CM9 456653.46 36568.21

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2.2 INDEX DIAGRAM SHOWING PLOT 1-3 CORONATION AVENUE LINK

24
APPENDIX 3: SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 118 BLOCK 32 KASANJE

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APPENDIX 4: SUBDIVISION OF PLOT 198 BLOCK 20 MAWOKOTA

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APPENDIX 5: SUBDIVISION SURVEY OF PLOT 921 BLOCK 187
KYADONDO

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APPENDIX 6 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF LAND AT BULOBA
PLOT 4309 BLOCK 313-320-01

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