Name: Perez, Isaiah Danniel J.

CE 225-18
Section: 2CE-4 Assignment #1
Instructor: Engr. Benjamin V. Ramos
I. ENUMERATE AND DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF WASTE
DISPOSAL IN A BUILDING.

Waste water is produced in buildings when fresh water is used in any

application. These wastes are carried through a system of pipes for disposal. Proper
disposal of liquid and solid waste is important in order to maintain the safety and sanitation
of the building and the surrounding environment. These pipe systems that carry waste water
out of buildings are include the following:

1. Waste Pipe
- It is a pipe which carries only the liquid waste. It doesn’t
carry human excreta. Because it only carries liquids, the
diameter of the waste pipe is comparatively smaller than
the other waste disposal pipes, only having 30-50mm
when horizontal and 75mm when vertical. Waste pipes are
often connected to kitchens, basins, and sinks.

2. Rainwater Pipe
- Pipes that connect from roof gutters and
is usually attached vertically to the sides
of a house or an infrastructure. A
rainwater pipe or a downspout allows
passage of rainwater accumulated in the
roof gutters. The rainwater is then
connected to sewer, to the ground, or
collected for other purposes. The
standard diameter of rainwater pipes is
75mm.

3. Soil Pipe
- Soil pipe differs from other pipes as it carries not only water waste, but also solids,
like human fecal matter. Soil pipes are not connected to any other pipes except the
vent pipe in order to prevent contamination. Pipes with huge diameters are needed
in order to prevent clogging and blockage – 100 mm.

4. Anti-siphonage pipe
- It is a pipe which is installed in the house drainage to
preserve the water seal of traps. It usually has a U-
shaped curve wherein water is retained. The retained
water seals the pipe with water seal and is effective
for preventing foul order from rising up the drain
and preventing contamination. Anti-siphonage pipes
connected to waste pipes are usually 40mm in
diameter, while pipes connected to soil pipes have a
50mm diameter.
 5. Vent Pipe
- A pipe used for ventilation purposes. A vent pipe is
open at top and bottom, to facilitate exit of foul gases.
It is 1 m higher than the roof level and has a diameter
of 50mm. . Vent pipes are connected to soil pipes, as
these pipes carry waste that has odor. The vent pipes
allow the odor to escape into the atmosphere.

II. WHAT IS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT (DWV) SYSTEM?

- A drain-waste-vent system, also known as a

sewage system, is a system of pipes used for the
purpose of disposing water waste from a house or
a building. This is where waste water goes through
for proper waste disposal. In other words, it is all
the plumbing in your home except for the water
supply system. This includes drainpipes, drains and
openings.
- The waste water carried by this system ends up in
the main sewer line where its is safely carried away
from your house. The DWV System is important in
order to safely dispose waste water.

III. HOW DOES A PLUMBING VENT SYSTEM WORK? Explain.

- Plumbing vent systems maintain and regulate air pressure in the pipes. This ensures
that waste water can flow freely without the interruption of vacuum areas inside
the pipe. While vent systems allow foul air to flow out, it also allows fresh air to
flow in. This is important in order to maintain the sanitation of a house.

IV. WHAT ARE TRAPS IN A PLUMBING SYSTEM?

- A trap, which is a bend or loop in the pipe near the fixture, is required for every
plumbing fixture inside the house, such as drains, faucets, and toilets. This portion
of pipe contains or traps water due to the bend, preventing noxious gases from
entering the residence.

V. ENUMERATE THE TYPES OF TRAPS IN PLUMBING SYSTEM. DEFINE AND

SHOW ITS APPEARANCE

1. P-Trap
- P-traps may be found beneath your toilet or
sink, and their "U" form makes them simple to
locate. P-traps are drain connections that are put
via the wall rather than the floor.
2. S-Trap
- Plumbing traps with a pronounced "S" form
and a considerable size are known as S-traps.
When compared to P-traps or U-traps, they are
difficult to notice due to their form and size. S-
trap outlets are odor-emitting outlets that are
inserted through the floor rather than the wall.
In comparison to P-traps, S-traps are larger and
waste more water.

3. Q-Trap
- If you have a property with numerous floors and
bathrooms, a Q-trap is appropriate for upper-level use.
They work essentially identically to P-traps and S-
traps, with the exception of the characteristic "Q" form.
Apart from that, Q-traps are standard plumbing traps
that use water and pipework to keep sewage smells at
bay.

4. Bottle Trap
- Because of its form, the bottle trap is ideal for restricted
locations beneath sinks. They run horizontally straight up
and down, maximizing space and making maintenance
simple. A bottle trap may be serviced and cleaned from
the bottom, making the cleaning procedure easier. Bottle
traps are efficient in capturing and reducing scents in
your sink.

5. Drum Trap
- Drum traps make it simple to reach the plumbing line
and clear obstructions as needed. The drum trap has a
hole at the bottom and another at the top that allows
water to flow through. Water comes via the bottom of
the trap and flows into the central drum shape.

6. Bell Trap
- Outdoors, bell traps are widely utilized. Bell traps are
also utilized in garage sinks and restrooms, and they
are quite good in reducing sewage odors. Bell traps are
simple to install and sit immediately on top of drain
bodies to capture water and keep gases inside the well.

7. Intercepting Trap
- In large buildings, intercepting traps are commony
used. They are efficient and capable of handling
large amounts of wastewater from multiple
plumbing applications throughout a large building.
To fulfill their plumbing demands without
allowing sewage smells to escape, most office
buildings and large corporations must intercept
traps.
8. Gully Trap
- Gully traps gather and trap water from kitchen plumbing
fittings by connecting to sewage pipes outside of the
structure or dwelling. Gully traps must weigh at least 16
pounds to be durable enough to withstand the pressures
that surround them. To guarantee a correct connection
and installation, bury your gully trap at least 1 foot into
the earth, if not deeper.

9. Running Trap
- Running traps are utilized in public toilets with many
washbasins in a row, but they are also employed in the
house on occasion. If you can't get a P-trap, S-trap, or Q-
trap to operate in your home, you'll need to use a running
trap.

10. Building Trap

- Building traps include a U-shaped trap in the
center and a vent leading outdoors at the end,
and they flow from a building's drain to the
sewer. The vent improves the hygienic
conditions of the building trap while also
protecting the water seal. Building traps come
in a variety of shapes, but the most are
variations on the conventional S-trap with a
more robust construction.

11. Straight-Through Trap

- A straight-through trap is a common type of plumbing trap that is
simple yet ineffective. They have the drawback of water slowly
finding its way through the trap, resulting in poor performance.
Straight-through traps, on the other hand, are nevertheless very
beneficial for narrow and restricted locations due to their basic
form.

12. Grease Trap

- They operate to prevent heavy oil and solid pieces
from entering a kitchen's wastewater system and
causing damage. Grease traps are used by all
restaurants and fast food places, and if they didn't,
they wouldn't be in business for long.

- Grease and solid waste generated during meal preparation are thick and impossible
to pass through a grease trap. This avoids hazardous blockages or grease leaks,
which might result in costly repairs or replacements. A grease trap, on the other
hand, keeps the heavy oil at the top of the trap from becoming an issue.