Module 9 : Human Factors Question-Answer : PART-1 Master

1. When working with oils or greases ensure your hands are protected with barrier cream. On
completion hands must be washed using

a. an approved solvent

b. a good proprietary abrasive powder

c. a approved cleaning gele

2. When handling sheet metal ensure

a. safety shoes are worn

b. proper protective gloves are worn

c. safety goggles are worn

3. An important point in machine safety is to

a. ensure you Know how to stop a machine before you start it

b. check the oil level at the end of each operation

c. ensure feed mechanisms are engaged before starting

4. Rubber gauntlets must be worn when handling

a. very hot components

b. acids or alkaline

c. very cold components

5. Leather aprons are designed to protect against

a. acids

b. alkaline

c. heat

6. Break in markings for aircraft are identified by

a. black and yellow diagonal stripes

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b. a red triangle with ‘break in’ printed in black

c. a broken coloured line defining the break-in area

7. The suction area around a typical medium size twin jet gas turbine engine intake when the aircraft
is at ground idle is at a radius of

a. 15 feet

b. 12 feet

c. 9 feet

8. In the UK, the normal approach to a helicopter is made

a. on the advancing blade side within sight of the aircrew

b. at a 45° angle from either side

c. directly from ahead in full view of the aircrew

9. If a tool is lost and cannot be readily found on an aircraft

a. inform the stores department to order a new item

b. make a note to keep a look out for it later

c. report the fact to a supervisor or foreman

10. FOD is defined as

a. first opportunity decision

b. foreign object damage

c. fiber optic display

11. Grease and oils used in aircraft systems must not be allowed to come into contact with
a. oxygen

b. nitrogen

c. carbon dioxide

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12. For a person with normal Circadian rhythms, the body temperature will be lowest
a) at midday

b) upon waking

c) between 4 and 6 o'clock in the morning

13. Which type of human error is easiest to correct?

a) Variable error

b) Constant error

c) Reversible error

14. If a maintenance engineer has a cold or flu he should

a) only absent himself from duty if his work contract includes sickness pay

b) only absent himself from duty if there are no staff shortages at his workplace or within his work
team

c) absent himself from duty until fully recovered, regardless of other factors

15. 'Environmental capture' is a type of error possible when an engineer does the same job
repeatedly

a) on the same type of aircraft

b) but on different types of aircraft

c) in a short timescale

16. Consumption of alcohol

a) increases mental and physical reaction times

b) decreases mental and physical reaction times

c) has no affect upon mental and physical reaction times

17. 'Asynchronous' communication includes

a) technical manuals, memos, Advisory Circulars and Airworthiness Directives

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b) face-to-face communications

c) immediate voice communication by radio link

18. The "working memory" is

a) ultra short term memory

b) short term memory

c) long term memory

19. Colour defective vision affects

a) almost 1 in 10 of men

b) almost 1 in 10 of women

c) more women than men

20. At lower light levels, the visual sensing is performed mainly by the

a) cones

b) rods

c) fovea

21. The symptoms of de-motivation are very similar to the symptoms of

a) stress

b) tiredness

c) mental illness

22. Alertness and performance is reduced when the body temperature is

a) below normal

b) above normal

c) either above or below normal

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23. In the 'slips, lapses and mistakes' definition of errors, forgetting to replace an engine cowling
would be considered a

a) slip

b) lapse

c) mistake

24. If an image formed on the retina of the eye is inverted relative to the viewers normal
perception of the image, the viewer will

a) become disoriented and dizzy

b) behave and feel normal

c) consciously mentally revert the image so as to make sense of his/her surroundings

25. People with colour defective vision usually have difficulty differentiating between

a) blue and yellow

b) red and green

c) blue and green

26. The "cocktail party effect" is descriptive of

a) selective attention

b) divided attention

c) focused attention

27. Hypermetropia is the medical name for

a) long sightedness

b) short sightedness

c) deafness

28. What range of sound is usually impaired first with the onset of presbycusis

a) high pitch sound

b) mid range sound

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c) low pitch sound

29. In the UK, an airside ramp vehicle driver is most likely to go deaf in

a) the right ear

b) the left ear

c) both ears

30. The amount of light which is allowed to enter the eye can vary by a factor of

a) 5:1

b) 50:1

c) 500:1

31. The desire of an individual to 'conform' to a group by allowing one's opinions, attitudes and
actions to be affected by prevailing conditions is known as

a) culture issues

b) esteem needs

c) peer pressure

32. A good rule of thumb for an adequate amount of sleep is

a) two hours of high quality sleep is good for one hour of activity

b) one hour of high quality sleep is good for one hour of activity

c) one hour of high quality sleep is good for two hours of activity

33. In the 'slips, lapses and mistakes' definition of errors, a mistake would typically occur at the

a) execution stage

b) storage (memory) stage

c) planning stage

34. Presbyopia often effects the eyes of people after the age of

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a) 40

b) 55

c) 70

35. When a person moves from a well lit area to a poorly lit area, what is the minimum time they
should allow for the eyes to adapt?

a) 7 minutes

b) 7 seconds

c) 30 seconds

36. From what age does hearing ability normally begin to decline?

a) 30

b) 40

c) 50

37. 'Confirmation bias' is

a) the subconscious attention to evidence which confirms an engineer's beliefs, and inattention to
evidence which contradicts his beliefs

b) An inspection of work carried out by an independent inspector or supervisor

c) Error in work carried out by a supervisor who has also inspected and signed for his own work

38. Finding that familiar tasks (such as programming the video recorder) seems more complicated
than usual, could be an early indication of

a) Acute stress

b) Chronic fatigue

c) A cold or flu

39. Up to what approximity to an aircraft with engines running is the use of ear protection
recommended for maintenance personnel?

a) 20 - 30 metres

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b) 200 - 300 metres

c) 2 - 3 metres

40. A person with 20/40 vision has

a) Better eyesight than a person with 20/20 vision

b) Worse eyesight as a person with 20/20 vision

c) the same eyesight as a person with 20/20 vision

41. A person with low self-esteem is

a) more likely to conform to peer pressure

b) less likely to conform to peer pressure

c) Conformity to peer pressure is not affected by level of self-esteem

42. Long term memory capacity is usually

a) 4 - 8 years

b) 12 months

c) unlimited

43. The inability for the eyes to accommodate sufficiently is known as

a) myopia

b) hypermetropia

c) presbyopia

44. Ultra short term memory has a duration of about

a) 2 seconds

b) 10 to 20 seconds

c) 80 - 100 milliseconds

45. The only permitted stimulant is

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a) caffeine

b) bromine

c) amphetamine

46. The incident where a 737 lost oil from both engines is a direct result of

a) engine vibration

b) human factors

c) human error

47. Motivation is

a) the thing that drives someone to do something

b) a reward or punishment designed to reduce errors

c) a reward or punishment designed to increase work rate

48. On a task that is complex, an engineer uses his own procedures due to pressure. This is legally
termed

a) violation

b) initiative

c) modification

49. Large amounts of caffeine can

a) cause anxiety, headaches and stress

b) improve alertness and increase awareness

c) reduce anxiety and stress

50. The symptoms of stress are

a) indications of improved work performance

b) violence, sickness, absence from work, drug and alcohol abuse

c) irritability, forgetfulness, sickness, absence from work, drug and alcohol abuse
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*

51. Sleeping tablets can

a) help REM sleep and realign circadian rhythms

b) slow reaction time and dull the senses

c) increase alertness after waking the following morning

52. Peer pressure is

a) typified by the expression "the way we do it around here"

b) the perceived pressure to carry out a task in the same way your colleagues would

c) the perceived pressure to conform to what you believe your colleagues expect of you.

53. Studies have shown that working outside in a temperature of 55oF will have what effect on
hand dexterity?

a) None

b) Very slight

c) Around 50%

54. When working with bright lights consideration should be given to

a) glare

b) shadows

c) blurred image

55. Visual inspection by an 'experienced' maintenance engineer is

a) knowledge and rule base behavior

b) skill and knowledge based behaviour

c) skill and rule based behaviour

56. Information for certifying staff when medically unfit is found in

a) ANO

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b) AWN 3

c) AWN 47

57. The eyesight of an engineer is the responsibility of

a) the optician

b) the engineer

c) the Quality Manager

58. What effect would the consumption of 3 - 5 units of alcohol?

a) Loss of quality of sleep

b) Low REM sleep

c) A drop in body temperature

59. The best type of handover is

a) the use of handover logs and a brief by the shift supervisor

b) when each individual gets a personal handover of the job

c) when written instructions are given by the engineer finishing his shift to the engineer just
beginning a shift.

60. Long shift work

a) decreases the ability to recognize defects

b) increases the ability to recognize defects

c) has no effect on the ability to recognize defects

61. A good team is one where every member has

a) an opinion

b) an input

c) a job

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62. The memory can be aided by
a) memory checking

b) mind logging

c) a checklist

63. In AWN 47 what is the recommended hearing test?

a) The ability to hear an average conversation voice at a distance of 10 feet

b) The ability to hear a certain noise at 8 feet

c) The ability to hear an average conversation voice at a distance of 6 feet

64. The most effective form of communication is

a) written communication

b) explicit communication

c) verbal communication

65. Circadian Rhythms control

a) urine output

b) body temperature

c) sleeping patterns

66. Cycles of sleep repeat

a) approximately each 4 hours

b) approximately each 90 minutes

c) approximately 20 minutes

67. Iconic memory

a) stores visual information and lasts up to 1/2 second

b) stores sounds and lasts up to 2 seconds

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c) stores visual information and lasts up to 2 seconds

68. The first stage in information processing is

a) perception

b) memorizing

c) decision

69. Information, if not rehearsed is lost in

a) 10 - 20 seconds

b) 1 minute

c) 30 - 40 seconds

70. In AWN 47, what is the standard hearing test?

a) The ability to hear a conversation in a quiet room at 2 metres

b) The ability to hear a conversation in a quiet room at 10 metres

c) The ability to hear a conversation in a noisy room at 2 metres

Which of the following is true?

a) Noise does not affect a person's standard of work

b) Noise does affect the standard of work with certain people

c) Noise affects the standard of work proportionately with the level of the noise

71. AWN 47 states that the engineer

a) is responsible for the work he has signed for

b) is responsible for health and safety

c) does not report for work if unfit

72. Information in the motor memory not rehearsed will be lost is

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a) 1 - 3 months

b) 2 - 3 weeks

c) 10 - 20 seconds

73. The effect on an engineer of environmental noise is

a) it improves concentration and quality of work

b) it decreases concentration and quality of work

c) it has no affect on concentration of quality of work

74. If a 737 had both engines serviced and lost oil from both engines in flight, this

a) can be considered an acceptable probability

b) can be expected to happen statistically due to the number of aircraft in service

c) would be a direct result of human error

75. Excess noise in a working environment can

a) not affect performance

b) lower resistance to other stresses

c) raise resistance to other stresses

76. What do you do when someone is hypothermic?

a) Warm them up

b) Give them a drink because of dehydration

c) Feed them sweet things because of their diabetes

77. An effective group work is when

a) everyone discusses ideas and opinions

b) everyone has a job to do

c) everyone contributes in some way

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A stimulant allowed to be taken without a doctor's prescription is

a) bromine

Ans b) caffeine

c) antihistamine

The conditions laid down in AWN 47 are applicable to aircraft engineers

a) who sign for work completed

b) for their safety at work

Ans c) when under the influence of drink or drugs (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 18)

Which of the following defines a peer pressure situation?

a) Your girlfriend telling you to go out with her

b) Your supervising manager pressuring you to complete the current task on time

Ans c) Your colleagues pressuring you to work faster so they can go home (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 8)

If the temperature is - 15oC and you are working on the line, you should

Ans a) stop all maintenance until the weather improves

b) carry on regardless of the weather to keep the aircraft flying

c) rotate engineers regularly and have a supervisor keep an eye on them

What is the CAA standard for vision?

a) Acceptable uncorrected vision

Ans b) Acceptable corrected vision (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 7)

c) 18/20 vision

Trouble shooting is

Ans a) rule based

b) skill based
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c) knowledge based

A violation is

Ans a) a deliberate departure from the rules (CAP 715 Ch 8 P 5)

b) an unintentional error

c) an intentional act of sabotage

A mistake is

a) a deliberate departure from the rules

Ans b) an unintentional error (CAP 715 Ch 8 P 4)

c) an intentional act of sabotage

Consumption of 3 - 4 units of alcohol before sleep can

Ans a) lower the body temperature (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 17)

b) increase the quality of sleep

c) increase REM sleep

The cycles of body temperature, sleep requirement and alertness are called

a) earth cycles

b) ecto - meridian cycles

Ans c) circadian rhythms (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 12)

Studies have shown that working outside in a temperature of 55oF will have what effect on hand
dexterity?

a) None

b) Very slight reduction

Ans c) Around 50% reduction

The percentage of accidents attributable to aircraft maintenance and inspection causes is

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Ans a) significant and rising (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 5)

b) now less significant due to more advanced maintenance practices

c) now less significant due to the introduction of more sophisticated aircraft

Whilst working on an aircraft a spanner placed on the wing surface is kicked off and subsequently
falls into an open engine cowl, breaking off a sensor connector. This is an example of

a) a skill based error

b) a punishable occurrence

Ans c) Murphy's law (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

In the human eye most of the refraction required to bring an image into focus on the retina is
accomplished by the

Ans a) cornea (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

b) iris

c) lens

The average capacity of the working memory is about

a) 4 chunks of information

b) 12 chunks of information

Ans c) 7 chunks of information (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 15)

Itemized checklists should be dealt with

a) as memorized

Ans b) item by item, in order, to cover every step diligently

c) in any order, provided all steps are completed

Successful working teams have the following attributes:-

Ans a) Members participate in team activities but retain their own individual requirements

b) All the team members work in isolation and therefore provide highly individual solutions to the
same problems

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c) All the members participate in team activities and discussions

Good aircraft maintenance supervisory judgment is usually based upon

a) knowledge and experience and reference to course notes

b) the evidence available and forceful management ability

Ans c) knowledge and experience and reference to approved data (CAP 715 Ch 3 P15)

The intake of caffeine in moderate quantities can result in

a) lack of sleep and subsequent disruption to the circadian rhythms

b) a temporary increase in the ability to sustain vigilance and increased alertness

Ans c) anxiety, headaches and negative mood states

Cold stress can be influenced by

Ans a) the wind chill factor (ICAT Ch 2 P 136)

b) insufficient vitamins in the diet

c) a drop in body temperature

Working excessively long shifts during unsociable hours can lead to

Ans a) decreased ability to detect defects during aircraft maintenance (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 14)

b) increased ability to detect defects during aircraft maintenance

c) an increased immunity to stress

To establish a reliable means of communication between teams

a) a detailed written handover is the most effective method

Ans b) change-over logs and verbal communication are essential (CAP 715 Ch 7 P 3)

c) detailed verbal communication is the most effective method

In theory, human error is most likely to occur

a) when the body temperature is stable

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b) during very hot weather

Ans c) when the body temperature is at its lowest (ICAT Ch 2 P 135)

What happened to contribute towards the incident in 1995 where a Boeing 737 lost oil pressure and
had to divert?

a) The boroscope inspection had been inadequate

Ans b) The HP rotor drive covers of both engines had not been refitted after a boroscope inspection
(CAP 715 Ch 1 P 6)

c) Both warning indications were faulty, due to crossed connections

What is the most common cause of in-flight engine shutdown?

Ans a) Foreign object damage (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 6)

b) Improper fault isolation, inspection or test

c) Incomplete installation

Organizational culture (whether good or bad) is best described as

Ans a) "the way we do things around here" (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 10)

b) written procedures

c) team resource management

The main disadvantage of carrying out critical inspections under very bright artificial light is

a) shadows

Ans b) glare(CAP 715 Ch 2 P 5)

c) filtered light

An individual suffering from stress when confronted with a task within his capability is likely to think
the task is

a) too demanding

Ans b) someone else's responsibility (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 3)

c) not demanding enough

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 *

Accidents and engineering faults are

a) insignificant and increasing

b) insignificant and decreasing

Ans c) significant and increasing (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 5)

Information on drugs and alcohol can be found in

a) AWN 3

Ans b) AWN 47 (ICAT Ch 2 P 118)

c) BCARs

70 - 80% of the total focusing ability of the eye is carried out by the

a) iris

b) lens

Ans c) cornea (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

At what distance should a person without hearing difficulties be able to hear an average
conversational voice in a quiet room

a) 1 metre (3 feet)

Ans b) 2 metres (6 feet) (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 11)

c) 3 metres (9 feet

If you have been prescribed new medicine by your doctor you should

a) continue with your normal shift pattern

Ans b) give the new medication a 24 hour trial (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 17)

c) take 3 days off work to try out the new medication

After a general anesthetic you should

a) return to work as soon as possible

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b) take at least 7 days off work

Ans c) not return to work for at least 24 to 48 hours (depending on the individual) (ICAT Ch 2 P 121)

Your doctor has prescribed you tranquillizers as you are suffering from depression. You should

a) tell your employer and carry on work as normal

Ans b) not work at all when taking the tranquillizers (ICAT Ch 2 P 123)

c) not tell your employer and carry on work as normal

The use of 'pep' pills by an aircraft engineer

a) is recommended only when working late or on night shift as they stimulate the senses and make
you less prone to accidents

b) can only be used if prescribed by your doctor

Ans c) should never be done (except for coffee) (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 18)

You are taking SUDAFED to relief nasal congestion. You should

a) continue to take them at work because SUDAFED has no side effects

b) stay away from work until you no longer require the SUDAFED

Ans c) avoid making engineering decisions or performing licensed duties (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 18)

A perforated ear drum could occur if

Ans a) you were subjected to continuous noise below 8 kHz

b) you blew your nose excessively

c) you were subjected to intermittent noise above 25 kHz

How long is the short term memory good for remembering 7 items?

Ans a) up to 30 seconds (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 15)

b) 30 to 60 seconds

c) above 60 seconds

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What is peer group pressure?

a) The influence the House of Lords have over the House of Commons

Ans b) Our behaviour influenced by our friends and colleagues. (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 8)

c) The influence an individual has over a group of people

What is white finger?

Ans a) A disorder of the finger which may occur through continuous use of pneumatic tools because
of reduced blood flow

b) A reaction when the white blood cells die and contaminate the fingers

c) A skin disorder caused by extensive contact with oils and solvents

What is slow wave sleep?

Ans a) Stage 2- 4 sleep (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 11)

b) REM

c) Paradoxical sleep

What constitutes a good work handover?

a) A written documentation of the work done

b) A verbal account of the work done

Ans c) A written and verbal account of the work done (CAP 715 Ch 7 P 3)

Environmental stresses are

Ans a) caused by noise, fumes, heat and vibration (ICAT Ch 2 P 131)

b) not normally cumulative

c) tolerated by everyone equally

A regular behaviour of an individual is known as

a) the norm

Ans b) habit (ICAT Ch 2 P 78)

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c) culture

Phase 3/4 sleep

a) can be induced by alcohol

b) occurs only once per sleep cycle

Ans c) is most beneficial for the body's restoration (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 11)

Human error can be caused by

a) high body temperature

Ans b) low body temperature

c) normal body temperature

In a discussion, the person who is most likely to be agreed with is

Ans a) the person with the highest status

b) the most argumentative person

c) the person who repeats the point most times

What meal is most recommended after a long shift?

Ans a) High carbohydrates (ICAT Ch 2 P 117)

b) Low carbohydrates

c) High protein

Long shift work will

a) always increase your diagnostic and maintenance ability

Ans b) always decrease your diagnostic and maintenance ability

c) initially decrease your diagnostic and maintenance ability but eventually increase your diagnostic
and maintenance ability as you get used to it

When someone is working in an enclosed space (such a fuel tank), another person should be outside
the space in constant communication to
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a) ensure compliance with the maintenance manual

b) provide instructions to the tradesman

Ans c) for safety reasons

An engineer who has developed his own way of performing a task

Ans a) is in regular violation

b) should be commended for his resourcefulness

c) is improving maintenance efficiency

The circadian cycle body temperature

Ans a) varies by 1.5oF

b) varies by 1.5oC

c) does not vary

The aim of human factors programs within an organizations is

a) to reduce costs by increasing efficiency, safety and quality and decreasing waste through human
error

Ans b) to optimize the relationship between maintenance personnel and systems with a view to
improving safety, efficiency and well-being

c) to safeguard the health and safety of maintenance personnel by reducing accidents in the
workplace

The scientific study of measurements of the human body is known as

Ans a) anthropometrics (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 2)

b) ergonomics

c) physiology

The SHEL model of human factors takes into account903

a) Software, hardware, efficiency and Liveware

Ans b) Software, hardware, environment and Liveware (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 2)

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c) Software, hardware, environment and location

How long can the aural reflex protect the ear from loud noise?

a) 15 seconds

Ans b) 15 minutes

c) 5 seconds

Acute stress is

Ans a) typically intense but of short duration

b) a frequently reoccurring stress or of long duration

c) intense stress of long duration

What part of the SHEL model would the writing and interpretation of maintenance manuals fit into?

Ans a) Software (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 2)

b) Hardware

c) Environment

The "error chain" theory refers to

a) a company is only as good as its weakest employee or employees, and removal of that/those
employee from the chain should prevent errors

Ans b) errors are caused by a chain of linked events, and the breaking of one link in the chain will
prevent the error (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 6)

c) a chain of errors within an organizations can be investigated, and similar errors prevented by
determining a common link between them.

Murphy's law is perpetuated mainly by

a) poor aircraft design

b) violations

Ans c) complacency (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

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What part of the eye controls the amount of light that is allowed to enter the eye?

a) The cornea

Ans b) The iris (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

c) The pupil

Learning of a routine by repeated practice is known as

a) episodic memory

Ans b) motor programming (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 16)

c) cognitive learning

An aircraft engineer who has 'responsibility'

a) must be licensed on the particular type of aircraft

b) is in a management position within their company hierarchy

Ans c) are liable to be called to account904 as being in charge or control of, or answerable for
something

The ear is used to detect

Ans a) acceleration (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 8)

b) speed

c) neither acceleration or speed

Chronic stress is

a) typically intense but of short duration

Ans b) a frequently reoccurring stress or of long duration

c) intense stress of long duration

Smoking cannabis

Ans a) subtly impairs performance for up to 24 hours (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 18)

b) has only a short term affect upon performance

26
c) has a noticeable affect on a persons behaviour and performance for up to 24 hours

Employers must provide their employees with personal ear protectors if the noise level reaches

a) 60 dB

b) 70 dB

Ans c) 85 dB (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 10)

The impact of human factors and human error is most important to

a) technicians and engineers

b) planners and managers

Ans c) It is equally important to technicians, engineers, planners and managers

What part of the SHEL model would the aircraft design fit into?

a) Environment

Ans b) Hardware (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 2)

c) Liveware

Murphy's law can be regarded as the notion

Ans a) "If something can go wrong it will"

b) "If something goes wrong I am certain to get the blame" (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

c) "It can never happen to me"

Light enters the eye through the

Ans a) cornea (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

b) retina

c) visual cortex

To focus on a near object, the lens of the eye must

27
a) be flattened

Ans b) be thickened

c) be widened

Which type of memory is most susceptible to interference from external influences

a) ultra short term

Ans b) short term

c) long term

Where are the responsibilities of Licensed Aircraft Engineers laid down?

a) The Air Navigation Order

b) CAP 715

Ans c) AWN 3

Performance is

a) directly proportional to the individual's state of arousal

b) inversely proportional to the individual's state of arousal

Ans c) greatest only at one optimum level of arousal but diminishes as arousal decreases or increases

Missing a break in an effort to get a job done within a certain time frame

a) can be done by those actually doing the job providing the supervisors take regular breaks

b) can be done providing adequate rest period is available at the end of the shift

Ans c) can be count905erproductive, as fatigue diminishes motor skills, perception, awareness and
standards.

The maximum allowable noise dose is

a) 85 dB

Ans b) any combination of noise and time which exceeds 90 dB TWA

c) 90 dB for 24 hours

28
*

Tiredness causes visual acuity to

a) increase

Ans b) decrease

c) Visual acuity is not affected by tiredness

Peripheral vision is detected by the

a) cones

Ans b) rods (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

c) fovea

Extreme discomfort experienced by a maintenance engineer due to working in a confined space is

known as

Ans a) claustrophobia (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

b) agoraphobia

c) acrophobia

Diffusion of responsibility may occur

a) to an individual working alone

Ans b) to an individual working as a member of a team (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 3)

c) with certain people whether they are working in a team or alone

Which part of the SHEL model is most difficult to protect from errors by 'designing out' or to 'work
around'

a) Software

b) Environment

Ans c) Liveware (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 1)

Narrowing of attention occurs at

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Ans a) high levels of arousal (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 8)

b) low levels of arousal

c) both high and low levels of arousal

A good shift handover should include details of

Ans a) tasks that have been completed; tasks in progress, their status, any problems
encount906ered etc.; tasks to be carried out and general company and technical information.

b) tasks that have been completed; persons who carried out the tasks; tasks to be carried out and
general company and technical information.

c) tasks that have been completed; tasks in progress, their status, any problems encount906ered
etc.; tasks to be carried out and tools required to carry out the tasks.

The blood/alcohol limit is

a) 20 milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood for commercial aircrew, air traffic controllers
and 40 milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood for maintenance engineers

b) 40 milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood

Ans c) 20 milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood for commercial aircrew, air traffic
controllers and maintenance engineers

A company's safety policy should be defined in

Ans a) the Maintenance Organization Exposition

b) the Maintenance Schedule

c) in CAP 716

Which of the following is least associated with the study of human factors?

a) Ergonomics

Ans b) Health and Safety

c) Human error

What part of the eye is colour sensitive?

Ans a) The cones (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

30
b) The rods

c) The iris

'Risky shift' is

Ans a) the tendency for a group of workers to arrive at a course of action which is riskier than that
which any individual member might pursue

b) the probability of being assigned to a work task which involves some element of risk or physical
danger

c) the name given to an inadequate shift handover

Paradoxical sleep is also known as

a) Stage 3 sleep

b) Stage 4 sleep

Ans c) REM sleep (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 11)

Technical communication between two engineers can go wrong if

Ans a) the recipient makes an assumption of the meaning of the information being transmitted

b) the sender uses a sketch to augment the information transmittal

c) the recipient uses body language to provide feedback to the sender

What type of lens is used to overcome short sightedness?

a) Convex

Ans b) Concave (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 5)

c) Bi-focal

to ensure that a technician remains reasonably current on the aircraft types to which they hold
authorizations, they are required that

a) they are involved in at least 6 months of actual aircraft maintenance experience in any 2 year
period only.

b) they have appropriate continuation/refresher training only

31
Ans c) they are involved in at least 6 months of actual aircraft maintenance experience in any 2 year
period and they have appropriate continuation/refresher training

When taking medicine for the first time

Ans a) take the first dose at least 24 hours before any duty to ensure that it does not have any
adverse effects

b) consult a doctor if you need to carry out any duties

c) absent yourself from work for the duration of use of the medicine

For a man to maintain his fitness and health the conducive maximum recommended alcohol intake is

a) 3 - 4 units per week

Ans b) 28 units per week

c) 28 units per day

The type of memory which is most easily influenced by a person's expectations of what should have
happened is the

a) semantic memory

Ans b) episodic memory

c) long term memory

The inability for the eyes to accommodate sufficiently is known as

a) myopia

b) Hypermetropia

Ans c) Presbyopia (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 5)

An aircraft maintenance engineer who wears glasses or contact lenses should

a) have their duties restricted accordingly.

Ans b) should not require their duties to be restricted providing they have frequent checks to ensure
the adequacy of their glasses/contact lenses. (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 7)

c) should not require their duties to be restricted providing they wear their glasses/contact lenses at
all times they carry out their duties
32
*

The difference between what a person 'can' do and what he 'will' do is largely determined by his

a) physical and mental health

Ans b) motivation

c) education and training

Human Circadian rhythms cycle on a

a) 24 hour time scale

Ans b) 25 hour timescale (CAP 715 Ch 4 P 12)

c) 8 hour timescale

Whose responsibility is it that an engineer remains current on new technology and procedures?

Ans a) The engineer's (CAP 715 Ch 7 P 6)

b) The organization's

c) The CAA's

When inspecting an airframe structure for small cracks, to avoid a crack being missed you should

Ans a) constantly move the eye across and around the area of interest to avoid the crack falling into
the eye's natural blind spot

b) hold the vision stationary for several seconds on each area to allow the eye to focus correctly.

c) not use a mirror as mirrors absorb and refract light and may obscure a crack

A good practice for a shift handover is for shifts to be specifically rostered so there is an overlap of

a) 5 - 10 minutes

Ans b) 20 - 30 minutes (CAP 716 Ch 7 P 1)

c) 2 - 3 hours

Ultra short term memory has a duration of about

Ans a) 2 seconds (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 15)

33
b) 10 to 20 seconds

c) 80 - 100 milliseconds

What type of lens is used to correct long sightedness?

Ans a) Convex (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

b) Concave

c) Bi-focal

A violation in an aircraft maintenance procedure

a) is always considered an act of vandalism or sabotage

Ans b) is usually carried out with the best intentions from a genuine desire to 'get the job done' (CAP
715 Ch 8 P 7)

c) is always carried out to satisfy some personal need, often unrelated to the actual task

Removal of alcohol from the blood stream

a) can be speeded up by drinking strong coffee

b) can be speeded up by sleeping

Ans c) cannot be speeded up

Visual Acuity is the ability

a) to differentiate between different colours

b) to detect objects in the peripheral vision

Ans c) of the eye to discriminate sharp detail at varying distances (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

According to Maslow, safety needs (protection from potentially dangerous objects or situations)

a) is the most primal need of humans

Ans b) is second only to physiological needs (food drink, oxygen etc.) (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 5)

c) is the last need of human after all other needs have been satisfied.

34
Only 20% of aircraft accidents are not caused by human error. Of the remainder, at present, most
are caused by;

a. engineers

b. aircrew : Ans

c. ground handling

A major factor in the incident involving the explosive decompression on the B737 of Aloha Airlines
was that

a. specific inspections were being equalized over a 50 week period : Ans

b. the aircraft had flown through severe turbulence

c. the cabin pressurization system had failed

When the left hand windscreen of a BAC 111 was blown out in flight a possible cause of the accident
was determined to be

a. a weakened glass panel because of high heating current flow

b. the use of wrong diameter securing bolts : Ans

c. stress and fatigue corrosion because of high ‘g’ forces

The incident of uncontrolled roll to starboard on take-off of an A320 at Gatwick airport in August
1993 was caused by

a. the flap and aileron control runs being crossed over

b. severe wake wash turbulence from an aircraft which had just taken off

c. four spoilers on the right wing selected to the maintenance mode : Ans

If anything can be done incorrectly then who will do it?

a. Murray

b. Murphy : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

c. Morton

One of the major causes of human error in maintenance is incorrect installation. This is often due to
an effect called
35
a. Murphy’s law : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

b. Sod’s law

c. Burke’s law

The part of the eye which controls the amount of entering light is the

a. cornea

b. retina

c. iris : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

Focusing in the eye is done by the

a. cornea : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 2)

b. retina

c. iris

The retina contains light sensitive cells, one which detects colour, the other black and white. The
cells which detects colour are called

a. rods

b. cords

c. cones : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

In the eye, the blind spot is

a. the top and bottom of the cornea

b. devoid of rods and cones : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

c. on the fovea

In the eye, cone cells are only found on the

a. fovea : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 3)

b. cornea

c. iris

36
*

When correcting vision, a convex lens is used for

a. short-sightedness

b. long-sightedness : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

c. myopia

When correcting vision, a concave lens is used for

a. long-sightedness

b. hypermytropia

c. short-sightedness : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

Timbre is one property of sound waves. Another is

a. frequency : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

b. conduction

c. reception

The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the

a. mouth

b. nose : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

c. outer ear

Exposure to loud noise will cause the problem of

a. conductive deafness

b. presbycusis

c. noise induced hearing loss [NIHL] : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 4)

An automatic function of the brain is

a. breathing : Ans

b. talking
37
c. running

A non automatic function of the brain is

a. balance

b. temperature control

c. talking : Ans

Information is passed from sensory devices to the brain by

a. neurons : Ans

b. neutrons

c. electrons

There are two types of long term memory, semantic and episodic.

a. Semantic is said to be more accurate

b. Episodic is said to last longer than semantic

c. Episodic is more accurate than semantic : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 2 P 16)

The ability to hear separate words in continuous speech is called

a. speech segmentation : Ans

b. audio stimulation

c. aural refraction

If you find a problem which directly affects the safety of an aircraft you may consider raising

a. an MOR [mandatory occurrence report] : Ans

b. getting directly in touch with the aircraft manufacturer

c. telephoning the Legislation authority

When working under pressure the engineer should always apply the standards required by

a. AWN [airworthiness notice] number 3 : Ans

38
b. EASA article 35/2/2004

c. AWN number 13

Safe working practices at work should be followed using guidelines set down by the

a. shift foreman

b. operator CEO [chief executive officer]

c. relevant national health and safety at work legislation : Ans

To maintain a working environment which has clean air, noise control, light and adequate heating or
air conditioning a company must comply with regulations set by

a. operator CEO

b. relevant national health and safety at work legislation : Ans

c. shift foreman

Pension schemes and shift allowance payments for staff are considered to give a

a. motivational effect : Ans

b. divisive effect

c. distraction effect

Long periods of shift work can be a strong

a. motivator

b. de-motivator : Ans

c. distracter

When you decide to follow a team course of action against your best judgment it may be called

a. teamwork

b. coercion

c. peer pressure : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 4)

39
If as a person you treat a particular ethnic group badly you are said to

a. have a negative prejudice attitude : Ans

b. be positively discriminating

c. have a positive prejudice attitude

If a person is prevented from reaching a goal, or has something taken away they will experience an
increase in

a. individual prejudice

b. aggression : Ans

c. discrimination

The Public Disclosure Act in the UK provides protection for

a. ethnic workers against discrimination

b. ordinary workers against excessive working hours

c. ‘whistle blowers’ when reporting bad practices : Ans

The hierarchy of needs developed by Maslow suggests that survival requires air and food with

a. water, rest and pain avoidance : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 5)

b. love, belonging and intimacy

c. knowledge, understanding and discovery

The hierarchy of needs developed by Maslow suggests that stimulation requires sex and novelty with

a. love, belonging and intimacy

b. activity, exploration and manipulation : Ans

c. desire for beauty

The hierarchy of needs developed by Maslow suggests that cognitive needs involve seeking
knowledge and discovery with

a. desire for beauty

b. understanding and working with ideas : Ans

40
c. security and protection

Needs for self-actuation can be described broadly as

a. social needs

b. physical needs

c. intellectual needs : Ans

The only needs which are not considered as emotional are

a. esteem

b. physiological needs of survival and stimulation : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 3 P 5)

c. love and belonging

When an individual is isolated and has no clock, set meal times or means of detecting light changes
the average day will be

a. 17 hours awake, 8 hours asleep : Ans

b. 16 hours awake, 9 hours asleep

c. 15 hours awake 10 hours asleep

Body temperature is highest between

a. 1700 and 1900 : Ans

b. 1500 and 1700

c. 1900 and 2100

EEG’s [electroencephalograms] area measure of

a. eye movement

b. muscle activity

c. brain activity : Ans

An increase in REM sleep may indicate

41
a. a previous increase in physical activity

b. an increased period of study and learning : Ans

c. body tissue restoration

Stress can occur when

a. perceived capability is greater than actual demand

b. perceived demand is greater than actual capacity : Ans

c. actual demand and actual capacity are matched

An increase in heartbeat will be considered a response from the sympathetic system to stress. Other
responses may be

a. pupil dilation and adrenalin secretion : Ans

b. an increase in saliva production

c. bladder contraction is relaxed

During environmental stress a vibration of 8 to 12 Hz may cause

a. speech difficulties

b. muscular tensions

c. back ache : Ans

Early signs of a person becoming alcohol dependent are

a. feelings of guilt, remorse and depression

b. neglect of food

c. increased tolerance to increasing amounts of alcohol : Ans (ICAT CH 2 P 120)

An active error is normally considered to be made by

a. the person at the end of a line of contributory circumstances : Ans

b. only management personnel during operational situations

c. an uninvolved agency

42
*

Examination of statistics have shown that there are likely to be a ratio of active to latent failures of

a. 1:5

b. 1:4

c. 1:3 : Ans

The Hein Reich ratio of accidents and incidents shows that there is statistically a ratio of fatal
accidents to reportable incidents of

a. 1:600

b. 1:30 : Ans

c. 1:10

‘I have never come across a fault during that inspection’ is a statement that

a. may lead to complacency : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

b. shows a lack of knowledge

c. presents a lack of awareness

Always train yourself to expect a fault during an inspection. This will prevent

a. a lack of awareness

b. complacency : Ans(CAP 715 Ch 1 P 8)

c. a build up of stress

The best time to do simple tasks during a shift is at the

a. mid part of your circadian rhythm cycle

b. high part of your circadian rhythm cycle

c. low part of your circadian rhythm cycle : Ans

The amount of stress you suffer depends upon the demand that you perceive is being placed on you
and

a. your actual ability

43
b. your perceived ability : Ans

c. the actual demand

When analyzed for a significant reduction in aircraft safety, incorrect installation accounts for

a. 80% of occurrences : Ans

b. 49% of occurrences

c. 31% of occurrences

A functional check after maintenance should be considered as a check on the

a. quality of the workmanship

b. serviceability of the system : Ans

c. ruggedness of the system

After a fatal aircraft accident or aircraft hull loss implications arise for the operator because of
insurance cover. Not covered are loss of use of aircraft and equipment and

a. the cost of the accident investigation : Ans

b. personal liability for passengers and crew

c. property damage

Safety culture in any organization probably has as its highest concern

a. justice

b. respect

c. responsibility : Ans

When assessing or dealing with a hazardous situation two measures can be taken, namely proactive
or reactive. A proactive measure is being able to

a. identify the hazard : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 9 P 2)

b. assess the consequences

c. assess the recovery measures

*
44
When assessing or dealing with a hazardous situation two measures can be taken, namely proactive
or reactive. A reactive measure is being able to

a. identify the hazard

b. assess the consequences : Ans

c. identify the threats

The first objective in any emergency is to

a. prevent injury or loss of life : Ans (CAP 715 Ch 9 P 3)

b. summon assistance

c. keep calm and look after yourself

45