Initial Environmental Examination

February 2018

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and

Environmental Management Project
Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access
Road in San Isidro, Damulog, Bukidnon

Prepared by Municipality of Damulog, Province of Bukidnon for the Asian Development Bank.

I
 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS
(as of 29 December 2017 Year)
The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover.
PhP 1.00 = $ 0.02000
$1.00 = PhP 49.99

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank

BDC Barangay Development Council
BUB Bottom-Up Budgeting
CNC Certificate of Non Coverage
CSC Construction Supervision Consultant
CSO Civil Society Organization
DED Detail Engineering Design
DENR Department Of Environment And Natural Resources
DILG Department of Interior and Local Government
DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development
ECA Environmentally Critical Area
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
ECP Environmentally Critical Project
EHSM Environmental Health And Safety Manager
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EIS Environmental Impact Statement
EMB Environmental Management Bureau
ESS Environmental Safeguards Specialist
GAD Gender And Development
IEE Initial Environmental Examination
INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project
IP Indigenous People
IROW Infrastructure Right Of Way
LGU Local Government Unit
LPRAT Local Poverty Reduction Action Team
MDC Municipal Development Council
MPN Most Probable Number
NCB National Competitive Bidding
NECA Non Environmental Critical Area
NECP Non Environmental Critical Project
NIA National Irrigation Administration
NPCO National Project Coordinating Office
NRIMP National Road Improvement And Management Program
NRM Natural Resources Management
OMC Overhead, Contingencies And Miscellaneous And Contractor’s
PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
PDR Project Description Report
PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultant
PPCO Provincial Project Management
Offices
PMO Project Management Office
PMU Project Management Unit
POs Peoples’ Organizations

ii
PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
PWD Persons With Disability
RC Reinforced Concrete
RCPC Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert
RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices
REA Rapid Environmental Assessment
ROW Right Of Way
SB Sangguniang Bayan
SBD Standard Bidding Document
SEMS Social And Environmental Management Systems
SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit
SPS Safeguard Policy Statement
SSS Social Safeguards Specialist
TA Technical Assistance
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TOR Terms Of Reference
TSP Total Suspended Particulates
WMA Watershed Management Area
WMPCO Watershed Management And Project Coordination Offices

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 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade
ha – hectare
km – kilometer
m – meter
m asl – meter above sea level
mm – millimeter
mg/L – milligram per liter
mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter
ppt – parts per thousand
μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter
µS/cm – microSiemens/cm
% – percent

NOTE
In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed
herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff,
and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any
designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the
Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other
status of any territory or area.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................ 2

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements ........................................................................ 2
1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines .................................. 2
2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ......................................................... 5

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................... 6

A. Overview ........................................................................................................................ 6
B. Project Location ............................................................................................................. 6
C. Project Rationale............................................................................................................ 7
D. Project Development Plan .............................................................................................. 9
1. Project Components ................................................................................................... 9
2. Description of the Project Phases ............................................................................. 11
E. Manpower Requirements ............................................................................................. 12
F. Project Cost ................................................................................................................. 12
G. Project Duration and Schedule..................................................................................... 13

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................... 14

A. Topography.................................................................................................................. 14
B. Geology ....................................................................................................................... 15
C. Soils ............................................................................................................................. 16
D. Water Quality ............................................................................................................... 16
E. Land Classification ....................................................................................................... 17
F. Land Cover and Land Use ........................................................................................... 18
G. Climate ........................................................................................................................ 18
1. Baseline Climate ...................................................................................................... 18
2. Climate scenario for Bukidnon Province in 2020 and 2050 .................................... 20
H. Hydrology and Water Bodies........................................................................................ 22
I. Natural Hazards ........................................................................................................... 22
J. Biological Environment................................................................................................. 23
1. Flora and Fauna ....................................................................................................... 23
K. Socio-Economic Conditions ......................................................................................... 25
1. Population ................................................................................................................ 25
2. Population and Number of Household ...................................................................... 25
3. Ethnic Group ............................................................................................................ 26
4. Education ................................................................................................................. 26
5. Health and Nutrition .................................................................................................. 26
6. Water Supply ............................................................................................................ 28
7. Road Network........................................................................................................... 28
8. Tourism .................................................................................................................... 29
9. Commerce and Industry ........................................................................................... 30
10. Electricity .............................................................................................................. 30
11. Communication ..................................................................................................... 31
12. Agriculture ............................................................................................................ 31
13. Fisheries ............................................................................................................... 31

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ........... 32

A. Pre-Construction .......................................................................................................... 34

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 1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation ................ 34
2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling will be done........ 34
3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work .......................... 34
4. Recruitment of workers ............................................................................................. 34
B. Construction................................................................................................................. 34
1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ................ 34
2. Clearing and removal of obstructions ....................................................................... 35
3. Soil erosion .............................................................................................................. 35
4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road ............................................ 35
5. Civil works ................................................................................................................ 35
6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure ................................................... 36
7. Dust and noise from borrow pits ............................................................................... 36
8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...................................... 36
9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system ......................................... 36
10. Water quality ......................................................................................................... 36
11. Construction drainage system ............................................................................... 37
12. Workers health, safety and hygiene ...................................................................... 37
13. Traffic safety and management ............................................................................. 37
14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ............................................................ 38
15. Damaged to properties ......................................................................................... 38
16. Concrete washout ................................................................................................. 38
17. Use of Hazardous Substances .............................................................................. 38
18. Public safety ......................................................................................................... 39
C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase................................................................... 39
1. Operation of upgraded access road.......................................................................... 39

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION.................. 39

A. Stakeholder Consultations ........................................................................................... 39
B. Information Disclosure ................................................................................................. 43

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ....................................................................... 44

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................. 46

A. Implementation Arrangements ..................................................................................... 46
B. Environmental Mitigation .............................................................................................. 47
C. Environmental Monitoring ............................................................................................ 55

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................................................................. 58

A. Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 58
B. Recommendation ......................................................................................................... 58

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to

Purok 3 Access Road ............................................................................................ 7
Figure 2: Elevation of the Municipality of Damulog .............................................................. 14
Figure 3: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject ................................................. 15
Figure 4: Soil Series Type in Damulog, Bukidnon ............................................................... 16
Figure 5: Land classification of the Municipality of Damulog, Bukidnon ............................... 17
Figure 6: Land cover (2010) of the Municipality of Damulog, Bukidnon ............................... 19
Figure 7: Record of tropical cyclones that passed through the region
covering the influence watersheds during the period 1948 - 2009 (PAGASA) ..... 20
Figure 8: Monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model for 2020s and 2050s
periods in Bukidnon Province .............................................................................. 21
Figure 9: Vegetative conditions during the Site Validation of the Proposed
Rehabilitation Road Access in Barangay San Isidro ............................................ 25

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories .................................................. 3

Table 2: Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements ........ 4
Table 3: Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project ............................. 12
Table 4: Implementation Schedule ..................................................................................... 13
Table 5: Land – Use by Municipality.................................................................................... 18
Table 6: Projected monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model with A1b and A2
scenarios for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province .............................. 21
Table 7: Change Anomalies of Rainfall in Bukidnon Province based on CNCM3 model...... 22
Table 8: Water Bodies in the Project Area ( San Isidro) ...................................................... 22
Table 9: Total Annual Number of Typhoons in the Area ...................................................... 23
Table 10: Summary of Flora and Fauna within the Watershed ........................................... 23
Table 11: Total Population, Households and Land Area, Influence Areas ........................... 25
Table 12: Number of HH and average HH size of San Isidro, 2015 ..................................... 25
Table 13: Sex-disaggregated Data of Ethnic Groups Present in the Influence Area ............ 26
Table 14: Distance from Poblacion to Nearest Health Facilities .......................................... 27
Table 15: Status of Barangay Roads as of 2015 ................................................................. 28
Table 16: Potential Tourist Attractions................................................................................. 29
Table 17: List of Commercial and Industrial Establishments, 2014-2015 ............................. 30
Table 18: Crops, area planted, yield, volume of production of San Isidro ............................ 31
Table 19: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts ................................................. 32
Table 20: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Isidro ............ 41
Table 21: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ............................................................ 46
Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan.................................................................. 47
Table 23: Environmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................................ 56

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LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix 1: Status of the ECC Application of the Municipality of Damulong, Bukidnon....... 60

Appendix 2: Minutes of Special Barangay Assembly in San Isidro, Damulong .................... 61
Appendix 3: Barangay Endorsement of the Subproject ....................................................... 65
Appendix 4: Minutes of the 12th Regular Session of the Sangguniang Bayan
of Damulog, Bukidnon on April 06, 2016 ......................................................... 67
Appendix 5: Minutes of the Public Consultation held on 26 July 2017 at Session
Hall, Brgy. San Isidro, Damulong, Bukidnon .................................................. 70
Appendix 6: Grievance Intake Form .................................................................................... 79

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 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This Initial Environmental Examination has been prepared for the Rehabilitation of San
Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access Road in Damulog, Bukidnon. This Subproject is the
rehabilitation of the existing access road with an estimated length of 6.33 km, width of 4 m,
and shoulder of one (1) meter on both sides. The main proponent of the project is the Local
Government Unit of Damulog, Bukidnon assisted by Department of Environment and Natural
Resources – Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project.

2. The objective of the Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 road is uplifting the
quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access
thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities
and conditions. Influence areas of the subproject will include the adjacent Barangays of
Kitingting and Angga-an. The influenced areas are interior barangays of the municipality which
will eventuality have convenient access passing through San Isidro into the National Highway
going to the town proper in Poblacion and nearby towns for market of their farm products.

3. The Subproject has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this
IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s
Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis
of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and
review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general
environmental profile of Damulong rural infrastructure subproject and includes an assessment
of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases and formulation of
corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Damulog with the
cooperation of RPCO, PMU, WMCO and POs.

4. The total cost of the subproject is Seventeen Million Two Hundred Ninety Nine
Thousand Two Hundred Thirty Seven and 05/100 Pesos (₱17,299,237.05). The subproject
funding source is majority coming from the DENR - INREMP and LGU with a cost sharing of
80% and 20%, respectively. It will be assumed that the benefits of the subproject will be the
reduction of travel time from 20 minutes to10 minutes, transportation cost by 60%, increase
number of trips by at least 10% and availability of infrastructure support for NRM projects and
other agricultural livelihood projects of the community.

5. Major land use along the road rehabilitation project is agriculture which is part of
production forest. None of the subproject roads are located near or within ecologically
sensitive areas.

6. The scope of works will be divided into five parts: Site Development Works, Gravelling
of Earth Road, Rehabilitation of Gravel Road, Portland Cement Concrete Pavement and
Provision of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert. The project is estimated to be completed in
149 calendar days based on the indicative implementation schedule.

7. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil
works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of
San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 road given that all the proposed civil works are only asset
preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will only
be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil
works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the
mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.

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8. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs
achieve public acceptance of the Subproject. A series of consultations with Barangay San
Isidro including its two adjacent influenced barangays (Kitingting and Angga-an) of the local
government of Damulog confirmed that the rehabilitation of the San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3
road is essential for economic development.

9. A grievance redress mechanism will be established by the LGU of Damulog prior to

commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other
stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed.

10. The IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation
measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental
management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Environment and Natural
Resources Officer and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are
included in bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision and civil works.
During construction, they will closely conduct monitoring the contractor’s environmental
performance and over-all EMP implementation. Semi-annual environmental monitoring
reports will be submitted by LGU to ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for
public disclosure.

11. The major positive impact of the project will be economic and better accessibility. The
sub-project will directly benefit people located in the project influence area providing improved
access and economic development. The sub-project will also benefit the environment in terms
of reduced soil erosion and possible landslides through slope stabilization measures and
construction of retaining structures. Dust generation from the damaged roads will be reduced
by the improvement of pavement. Health risk to the roadside communities and damage to the
biological environment will be reduced due to pavement improvement and soil erosion control
measures.

12. This sub-project will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative
impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of
the EMP.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements

1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines

13. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category
of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental
Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical
Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories
are presented in Table 1.

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 Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories
A. List of ECPs
As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-
chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants
2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects
(logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and
private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects
(dikes for/ and fishpond development projects)
3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled,
hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges
As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996)
4. All golf course projects
B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries
2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots
3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife
(flora and fauna)
4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests
5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes
6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons,
volcanic activity, etc.)
7. Areas with critical slopes
8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands
9. Recharged areas of aquifers
10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for
domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate
authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities
11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with
primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or
adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers
against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for
their livelihood.
12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and
above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of
coastlines

14. Based on their type, size and location the projects have been classified into 3 major
groups:

• Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in

either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These
projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to
secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment
Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects
that fall in to Group 1.
• Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in
Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either
‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report based on the
size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non Coverage’.
• Group III (Non Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non-Environmentally Critical
Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for
Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed
activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of
the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to
secure one.

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Table 2: Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements
Not covered
Covered (Required to secure ECC)
(may secure CNC)
Projects within the Project size
CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D
INREMP Menu of parameters /
Project
Subprojects Remarks
EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I
only)

3.1Dams, Water
Supply and
Flood Control
Project
>5 hectares
3.1.1DAMS
but Reservoir
(including those for
<25 hectares flooded/inun
irrigation, flood ≤5 hectares
≥ 25 hectares OR OR dated area
control, water source AND NONE
≥ 20 million m3 >5 million m3 or/and water
and hydropower ≤5 million m3
but storage
projects) including
<20 million capacity
run-of-river type
m3
≥1,000
3.1.2Irrigation >300 but
hectares
projects (distribution NONE <1,000 ≤300 hectares Service area
(service
system only) hectares
area)
With water
source (e.g.
infiltration
gallery, etc.)
and water
3.1.3 Water Supply Level III Level II / Level I
treatment
Projects (without NONE (Distribution Water refilling
facilities
dam) system only) station
including
desalination,
reverse
osmosis
(RO)
3.4 Roads and
Bridges
>50%
>50%
increase in
increase in
capacity (or in
capacity (or
terms of
in terms of
length/width) >50% increase in
length/width)
3.4.2 Roads, AND capacity (or in
AND
widening, >2km but terms of
NONE ≥20km,
rehabilitation and/or <20km, length/width) BUT ≤
(length with
improvement (length with 2km increase in
no critical
no critical length
slope) OR
slope) OR
≥10km
≥10km (length
(length with
with critical
critical slope)
slope)
≤50m
3.4.3 Bridges and
Regardless of
viaducts (including ≥5km but >50m but
≥10km length for
elevated roads), new <10km <5km
footbridges or for
construction
pedestrian only
>50%
≥50% increase in ≤50% increase in
3.4.4 Bridges and
increase in capacity (or in capacity (or in
viaducts (including
capacity (or terms terms of
elevated roads), NONE
in terms of length/width) length/width) but
rehabilitation and/or
length/width) but <total ≤2km increase in
improvement
OR ≥10km length of length
10km

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 Not covered
Covered (Required to secure ECC)
(may secure CNC)
Projects within the Project size
CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D
INREMP Menu of parameters /
Project
Subprojects Remarks
EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I
only)

3.6 Buildings
including
Housing, Storage
facilities and
Other Structures
Total/gross
floor area
3.6.2 Storage
>1 hectare including
facilities with no
NONE ≥ 5 hectare but ≤ 1 hectare parking,
hazardous or toxic
<5 hectare open space
materials.
and other
areas

15. This subproject is an improvement of existing barangay road which falls under the
group of Non-ECP while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. As the
subproject will involve the rehabilitation of 6.30 km road length, the application of an
Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) has already been submitted online by the LGU of
Damulog (Appendix 1).

2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements

16. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment

category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment screening checklist, taking into
account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy
Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental
categories (A, B, C or FI) as follows:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that
are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger
than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact
assessment is required.

• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of

lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site-
specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can
be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental
examination (IEE) is required.

• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No

environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still
reviewed.

• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds
to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no
adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s
must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and
must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009
if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

5
17. According to Philippines environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be
considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as
environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both
the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will
be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Overview

18. The general objective of the Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 access
road is uplifting the quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and
affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing
economic opportunities and conditions. The proposed access road will support the national
resources management project activities of the constituents.

19. To ensure accessibility of communities of basic social services delivery, repair and
maintenance of roads, spillways and drainage systems are among the infrastructure concerns
identified by the community and specifically expressed in their Barangay Development Plans
for specific funding assistance by the local government unit.

20. The National Greening Program (NGP) of the national government has been given
considerable support by the local government. About 128 ha of lands were identified for agro-
forestry and reforestation projects under the NGP. Eight (8) pilot barangays have been availed
of the Barangay Forest Program (BFP). The Greening Program funded by the Provincial
Government has also been gained positive results. Tree Parks were established in eleven (11)
of the seventeen (17) barangays in the municipality.

21. Agroforestry projects are under the BFP are located in eight (8) barangays, namely:
Angga-an, New Compostela, Maican, Pocopoco, Sampagar, Migcawayan, Tangkulan and
Lagandang. Commercial tree plantations are also established in barangays covered under
Integrated Social Forestry (ISF) and the Community Based Forest Management Agreement
(CBFMA). These are located in Angga-an, San Isidro, Kitingting, Lagandang, Sampagar, New
Compostela, Kinapat, Aludas, Macapari, Kiraon, Old Damulog, Omonay, and Migcawayan.

B. Project Location

22. The Municipality of Damulog is a fourth class municipality located in the southern part
of the Bukidnon. It is part of the Muleta Subwatershed of the Pulangi River Basin, Province of
Bukidnon, Region 10 (Northern Mindanao Region). One of the current major problems of the
municipality is the bad condition of several barangay roads. It was observed and validated that
the barangay road particularly the Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access Road is in need of immediate
rehabilitation.

23. The project is a rehabilitation of the existing barangay road with a length of 6.33
kilometers, width of 4 meters and shoulder of one (1) meter on both sides. The project starts
at a road section in Purok 1 beginning at Station 0+000 and ends at Station 6+330 in Purok 3
at Barangay San Isidro. The location of the project is shown in Figure 1.

24. Based on the environmental characterization of the project site done during the field
validation held on 14 November 2016, the subproject was not located in an environmentally

6
critical area. The characterization was also supplemented with secondary information
gathered from the DENR Regional Office and CENRO and other relevant data such as
watershed management plan, environmental reports and feasibility studies undertaken by
national and local agencies.

Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3

Access Road

C. Project Rationale

25. The municipality of Damulog desires to improve the rural infrastructure facilities and
projects by uplifting the socio-economic conditions of its population. Farm to market roads
(FMRs) are priority infrastructures that the community in the barangays needed. This is to
improved transport of farm produce and convenience for public transportation. Most of the
agricultural products are located in inner barangays of the municipality, hence, there is a dire
need for road access to markets.

26. According to Datu Manuel Dalas, an elder member of the local IP Tribal Council and
an IP mandatory representative at the Sangguniang Bayan, the subproject was originally a
pilot road for logging concessionaire, NARADECO, in the late ‘60s and ‘70s. With the
implementation of total moratorium on logging, the company withdrew from the area and the
access road was abandoned. However, the population in the area continue to use it as means

7
of access for their farm products and travel to Poblacion proper and nearby places. Datu Dalas
further added that during the development of the road, there was no involuntary resettlement
of the people in the area happened nor was any compensation made during the above-
mentioned period.

27. Surface conditions of the existing road is completely dilapidated with gravel and earth
pavement. The deterioration has been continuously happening the whole year.

28. The present road is difficult to access with many potholes and muddy portions. During
the wet season, only vehicles with four wheel drive capabilities could pass the road. At this
time, the people resort to horses and carabaos in transporting their produce. Children have to
walk to school in muddy and slippery road. This cause difficulty of transporting farm inputs to
their respective farms and the difficulty of transporting their products to the market. In dry
season, vehicles and single motorcycles could pass through the road. It takes about 20
minutes, more or less, to complete the travel distance of 6.33 km.

29. Other mode of transport of products and the people is through draft animals like horses
and carabaos. When passable, hauling of products can be done by large trucks and smaller
vehicles like pick-up trucks and cabs.

30. Sourcing out of funds to finance the realization of these support infrastructure facilities
will be one of the development program thrust of the local government to improve the condition
of the population economically and socially.

31. During a series of consultations with the municipal and barangay officials, the major
problem identified by the community was the poor access road. The farmers were forced to
sell their agricultural products to the traders who came into the area at low price they dictate
to the farmers and deal with higher cost of transportation and hauling if they sell them to the
market.

32. There will be many opportunities that this rehabilitated access road will bring foremost
of which will be the ease of access. There will be additional income of the farmers brought by
less time in transporting their produce and finish products, improved participatory and survival
rate for students going to elementary school in San Isidro proper and nearby secondary
schools, the decrease of maternal and infant mortality rate due to the increase of frequency of
health personnel going to the area, and the decrease of transportation fare rates due to the
reduction of vehicular operating cost. And farmer’s produce (corn, rice, root crops and
vegetables, etc.), will surely increase because the production area will be maximized due to
easy access of production inputs.

33. Direct employment during the construction will increase. Labor requirements, skilled
and unskilled, will be from the project barangay San Isidro and women can also be employed.
It may address some of the poverty situation as it decreases costs and prices and enhances
trade and employment opportunities. Transportation indirectly alleviates poverty. The lack of
access deprives them of the ability to take advantage of job opportunities and even of very
basic social services. Reliable access to schools and health services for the poor contributes
directly to their accumulation of human capital, which is a key factor in sustainable poverty
alleviation in as much as jobs and basic social services are relatively highly valued by the
poor. Thus, improvements for the road section in Purok 1 to Purok 3 would have positive
effects on the poorer parts of the population.

8
D. Project Development Plan

1. Project Components

34. The scope of works will be divided into five parts: Site Development Works: cut and
excavation works, sub-grade preparation (Item 105-1), sub-grade preparation (existing road
grade preparation) (Item 105-2), embankment (Item 203); Gravelling of Earth road: lime
stabilized road mixed base coarse (Item 203); Rehabilitation of Gravel Road: lime stabilized
road mixed base coarse (Item 203); Portland Cement Concrete Pavement: PCCP, 150mm
thick (Item 311), aggregate sub-base coarse (Item 200), aggregate base-coarse (Item 201),
mix earth and gravel (road shoulder) and Provision of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert:
RCPC, 910mm diameter (Item 500), structural excavation, sand bedding and grouted riprap,
(headwall, catch basin and wingwall) (Item 505).

35. Site development works will include 3,468.95 m³ of cut and excavation works,
32,134.00 m³ embankment of selected borrow (or mixed earth and gravel), and 31,837.40 m²
of sub-grade preparation intended for the provision of concrete pavement.

36. The rehabilitation of gravel road will be intended mainly for the re-gravelling or
provision of 200 mm aggregate surface coarse (Item 300) for the 5,920 linear meter (LM) span
including 0.5 m gravel shoulder on both sides. The provision of PCCP will be 150 mm thick
concrete pavement on 200 mm thick aggregate base coarse (Item 200 and 201) with 0.5 m
mixed earth & gravel at both sides.

37. The provision of RCPC cross drains will primarily be made of 910 mm diameter size of
pre-fabricated reinforced concrete pipe culvert, averagely to be installed by 6 pcs at every
target station points. It will be placed 600 mm underground from the finished road surface line.
Grouted riprap walls will be constructed at head walls of the cross drain pipes. Also included
in the works are structural excavation and compacting of backfill/fill cover.

38. The construction works and specification of materials shall comply with engineering
and construction standards set-forth by the Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH) and the National Building Code of the Philippines. Materials as quantified and
estimated (cost) are assumed to be available in the locality. Prevailing market price is used to
achieve the approved agency estimate which subsequently will be used as basis for
anticipated evaluation of bids, since the construction of the subproject will be through national
competitive bidding (NCB).

39. The following are the major technical specifications, including primary construction
materials, of the subproject:

Structural excavation

This Item shall consist of the necessary excavation for foundation culverts,
underdrains, and other structures not otherwise provided for in the Specifications.
Except as otherwise provided for pipe culverts, the backfilling of completed structures
and the disposal of all excavated surplus materials, shall be in accordance with these
Specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the Plans or as established by
the Engineer.

Embankment

This item shall consist of the construction of embankment in accordance with

Specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the

9
Plans or established by the Engineer. During work activity, every 0.20 m layer of filling
materials will be subjected to compaction. Equipment requirements for this work item
include the payloader, dumptruck, grader, and road roller

Subgrade Preparation

This item shall consist of the preparation of the subgrade for the support of overlying
structural layers. It shall extend to full width of the roadway. Unless authorized by the
Engineer, subgrade preparation shall not be done unless the Contractor is able to start
immediately the construction of the pavement structure. Grader and road roller
equipment shall be required for this item.

Aggregate Sub-base Course

This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting an aggregate sub-base
course on a prepared subgrade in accordance with Specification and the lines, grades
and cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as directed by the Engineer. The maximum
size of course aggregates must be 3 inches in diameter. Equipment types required are
grader and road roller.

Aggregate Base Course

This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting an aggregate base
course on a prepared sub-base in accordance with Specifications and the lines,
grades, thickness, and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as established
by the Engineer. Equipment requirements are grader and road roller.

Limestabilized Road Mix Base Course

This Item shall consist of a foundation for surface course composed of soil aggregate,
lime and water in proper proportions, road-mixed and constructed on a prepared
subgrade/subbase in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and
typical cross-sections shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer.

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP)

This item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete without

reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with Specifications
and in conformity with lines, grades, thickness, and typical cross-section shown on the
Plans. Equipment requirements are the concrete mixer, concrete vibrator, concrete
cutter, bar cutter and water truck.

Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains

This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of pipe culverts and storm
drains, hereinafter referred to as “conduit” in accordance with Specifications and in
conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans or as established by the
Engineer.

Riprap and Grouted Riprap

This item shall consist of the furnishing and placing of riprap with or without grout as
the case may be, with or without filter backing, furnished, and constructed in
accordance with Specifications and the lines and grades and dimensions shown on
the Plans.

10
 2. Description of the Project Phases

a. Pre-Construction Phase

40. This phase would involve the social preparation (to include organizational
strengthening, planning, identification and prioritization of community needs) of the community
for the entry of the subproject to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering
detailed survey works to determine alignment of roads and canal systems, preparation of the
detailed engineering plans and programs of work. These activities will be conducted by the
proponent technical staff, partner line agencies, NGO service providers, community
beneficiaries especially the community and contractor.

41. An Environmental Compliance Certificate was already issued in the previously

proposed site. This is prior to the advent of online application. However, there was a variation
of the final project site per series of validation resulting to reapplication of ECC, to conform the
final new road length of the subproject. As of 02 February 2018, the ECC applications pending
for appropriate action (Appendix 1).

b. Construction/Development Phase

42. This phase would involve the mobilization of construction equipment, construction
workers and materials to the specific subproject site after which the longer period of actual
construction work will commence. The construction phase will end up with the demobilization
of construction equipment, workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction
site. Majority of these activities will be undertaken by the contractor and community
beneficiaries under the close supervision of the SPMU most especially by the municipal
Engineering Unit.

c. Operation and Maintenance Phase

43. This phase involves the actual maintenance of the rehabilitated access road during its
expected economic life. Monitoring tools and parameters will be set forth in the MOA that the
LGU and DENR will sign to ensure sustainability of the constructed facility. The specific
monitoring items and parameters, location and frequency, monitoring responsibilities and
sources of budget will form part of the O & M Plan and Budget and shall be included in the
annual budget of the local government.

d. Abandonment Phase

44. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to
abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project
location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use.
Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle temporary shelters
and the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment.

45. Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could
include small volumes of left over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails
and welding roads) and lumber.

11
E. Manpower Requirements

46. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is
assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the area.
Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities.
Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known
engineering firms.

47. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular
laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project.

48. The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections,
testing and monitoring for the project.

F. Project Cost

49. The subproject cost as estimated has the total amount of ₱17,299,237.05 which
includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost (material + labor +
equipment). Said direct cost has the amount of ₱13,201,493.47. The overhead, contingencies
and miscellaneous and contractor’s (OMC) profit will be 9% and 8% of the direct cost,
respectively. Taxes will be in the fixed ratio of 12% as required by the government.

50. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total Subproject Cost
as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the
proponent – LGU Damulog, as its counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang
Bayan concerned from the 20% Municipal Development Fund. The amount of equity
counterpart based from the presented subproject cost above is ₱3,459,847.41.

51. The estimated cost of the proposed sub-project is PhP 17,299,237.05. Breakdown of
cost estimates is presented in Table 3.

Table 3: Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project

Description Wt% Qty Unit Amount (₱)

Site Development Works 30.40% 35,602.95 cu m 4,013.736.39

Gravelling of Earth Road 28.59% 22,687.40 lm 3,774,204.81
Rehabilitation of Gravel Road 1.13% 915.00 lm 149,054.86
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement 3,030,679.50
22.96% 1,520.00 lm
150mm thick
Provision of Reinforced Concrete Pipe 2,233,817.91
16.92% 72.00 lm
Culvert (RCPC) 90mm diameter
Total Direct Cost 100.00% 13,201,493.47
OCM ((9% of DC) 1,188,134.41
Contractor’s Profit (8% of DC) 1,056,119.48
Total Indirect Cost 2,244,253.89
Taxes (12% of DC + IDC) 1,853,489.68
Subproject Cost 17,299,237.05
Source of Funds and Percentage Sharing
Project Grant 80% 13,839,389.64
LGU Equity 20% 3,459,847.41

12
52. Aside from the equity counterpart provided by the LGU of Damulog for the subproject,
they also allocated some amount intended for the preparation of the project such as seminars,
preparation of feasibility study (or subproject proposal document) and detailed engineering,
survey of the project site and some evaluation by the personnel from different sectors who are
involved in the implementation of the subproject.

G. Project Duration and Schedule

53. Timetable for the subproject implementation is expected to reach a total of 149
calendar days. The preparation of Detail Engineering Design (DED) was completed by end of
October 2017. After the DED is translated into standard bidding document (SBD), procurement
activities for civil works is projected to proceed, starting July through national competitive
bidding (NCB).Advertisement, opening of bids, bid evaluation and award of contract is
expected to take at least 28 days.

54. Again, the rehabilitation period is estimated to cover 149 calendar days. Physical
completion, including the completion of documentary requirements, is expected by end of
December 2018. The matrix below shows the major stages of implementation and respective
timeline (Table 4).

Table 4: Implementation Schedule

Duration (Months)
Activities 2017 2018
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
Component 1: Pre Implementation Phase
1. Site Validation
2. Preparation & submission
of all required documents
3. Project Proposal Approval
4. DED Preparation to
approval
5. Procurement Process
6. Construction
7. Completion
Component 3: Project Monitoring and Evaluation
1. Post Implementation
2. Monitoring

13
 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

55. The Muleta Watershed is regarded as critical in the socio-economic development and
environmental services benefited by 160,520 inhabitants. It has total area of 83,884 hectares
catering the water supply to the Southern Bukidnon and portion of North Cotabato. The extent
of its area encompasses 10 municipalities and one city namely: Carmen, Damulog,
Dangcagan, Don Carlos, Kibawe, Kitaotao, Kadingilan, Maramag, Pangantucan, Talakag and
Valencia City.

A. Topography

56. The proposed rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 access road is found
within the municipality of Damulog. As shown in Figure 2, the municipality is a located on a
low-lying areas in bukidnon province. The elevation of the entire municipality ranges from 6 m
asl to 516 m asl with an average of 196 m asl. In particular, the proposed road rehabilitation
has an elevation ranging from 110 to 180 m asl with an average slope of 5.8%. Details are
shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2: Elevation of the Municipality of Damulog

14
 Figure 3: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject

B. Geology

57. Based on the Geologic Map of the Philippines and the Geologic Report of Damulog,
Bukidnon prepared by Francisco et al. (1952), the rocks underlying the area arranged in their
order of decreasing age are the limestone, Damulog volcanic and the clastics.

58. The limestone is believed to be in the upper Mio-Pliocene age and considered as the
oldest in the stratigraphic sequence. It is coralline and in places highly fossiliferous. It is well
bedded, hard and locally marl and thin interbeds of calcareous sandstone and shale are
observed. Sinkholes are common.

59. The Damulog volcanic, a terminology proposed by Francisco et al. (1952) to indicate
the type of locality where the volcanic were encountered is porphyritic and in part,
amygdaloidal. The penocrysts consists of feldspar, olivine and in minor amounts, of stubby
crystals of pyroxene. The groundmass consists of fluidal microlites of feldspar mixed with
magnesite and granule of pyroxene with intercalated glass occasionally chlorite.
Amygdulesare filled with chlorite. This rock is exposed over a wide area though partly covered
with either thin alluvial or residual mantle mostly on the lower slopes.

60. The limestone and the widespread volcanic are uncomformably overlain by the clastics
composed essentially of sandstone and mudstone with interbeds of diatomite lenses. The
sandstone is made up mostly of quartz grains small amount of minerals, possibly horrnblende,
augite and magnetite. The mudstone is light gray carbonaceous and some are mixed with
diatomite.

15
C. Soils

61. The soil belongs to the Faraon clay, Macolod clay, and Tacloban clay with generally
medium and granulated textures. The soil type in Barangay Isidro is mostly dominated by
Macoloy clay (Figure 4). This type of soil is generally dark grayish brown, moist clay moderate
medium and coarse subangular blocky structure firm sticky and slightly plasticmany fine roots
few fine inped pores clear smooth boundary. This is also suitable for agriculture, specifically
for high value crops and plantation crops.

Figure 4: Soil Series Type in Damulog, Bukidnon

D. Water Quality

62. The proposed access road rehabilitation subproject is passing along and across the
Lumatong river which is one of the tributaries of the Muleta Watershed. The Lumatong river
has still no water classification pursuant to DAO No. 34, Series of 1990 and DENR
Memorandum Circular No. 09, Series of 2001. In the absence of water classification and in
accordance with the Manual of Procedure for Water Classification, the Lumatong river is
assumed to be a Class A waters since most of the upstream stations are under this
classification. A “Class A” waters intended beneficial use is public water supply class which is
usually sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection) in order to meet the National Standards for Drinking
Water.

16
63. The Watershed Management Plan (2015) described the water quality conditions of the
Muleta Watershed which was based on DAO 34-1990. The description is only limited to the
following parameters:

 The Muleta Watershed mean temperature is 27°C which indicates that the water
in the watershed is within the normal range for surface water.
 Average pH value of 8.4 taken from different monitoring points showed that the
water quality of Muleta watershed conformed to the set standard (6.5 – 8.5) as
pH is an important limiting chemical for aquatic life.
 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) in Muleta watershed has an average value
of 1 mg/L and still within the set standard (5 mg/L), which means minimum
degree of pollution strength of domestic and industrial wastes or has low in
purification capacities of bodies of waters in receiving organic wastes.
 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels range from 5.5 to 7.7 mg/L, which is still above the
minimum set standard for Class A water (minimum of 5 mg/L).
 Phosphate level of the Muleta Watershed is about 0.30 mg/L which is above the
set standard (0.1 mg/L).
 The fecal coliform based on the existing monitoring station in the Muleta watershed
is 780 MPN/100 mL which is higher than the set minimum standard of 100
MPN/100 mL.

E. Land Classification

64. On land classification, around 80% of the total land area of the Municipality of Damulog
is classified as timberland, and the remaining area 20% is classified as Alienable and
Disposable land. With regard to Barangay Isidro, the entire barangay is classified production
forest. Other details are shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Land classification of the Municipality of Damulog, Bukidnon

17
F. Land Cover and Land Use

65. Table 5 shows the distribution of major land use by municipality within the Muleta
Watershed. In terms of annual crops, the Don Carlos has the biggest area coverage (5,023
ha) while Damulog has the smallest area (864 ha). Closed forests are locally found in
Pangantucan, Valencia and Talakag.

Table 5: Land – Use by Municipality

Area (ha)
Annual Closed Inland Perennial Wooded Grand
Municipality Crop Built-up Forest Grassland Water Crop Shrubs grassland Total
Carmen 1,840 31.38 517.00 19.37 64 2,382 4,855
Damulog 864 135.78 20.21 6,724.09 4,566 12,310
Dangcagan 4,226 141.88 35.66 4,404
Don Carlos 15,023 397.72 36.29 6 184 15,646
Kadingilan 2,525 58.31 28.78 180.05 4,853 7,645
Kibawe 3,825 220.22 4,906.33 84 9,036
Kitaotao 3,772 114.58 3,886
Maramag 3,503 53.10 1,391.24 144 5,091
Pangantucan 13,915 361.63 3,170 308.21 34.70 621.83 494 18,906
Talakag 402 63.37 465
Valencia City 577 11.44 1,046 1,634
Grand Total 50,076 1,526 4,618 2,316 83 12,487 563 12,213 83,884

66. In order to keep and preserve highly suitable agricultural lands for the municipality and
in line with the food security program of the national government, certain agricultural lands are
protected against irreversible conversion such as those for urban uses. These lands are under
the NPAA/NAAD or Network of Protected Agricultural Areas/Network of Areas for Agricultural
Development. However, it must be noted that Barangay San Isidro, where the proposed RI
subproject is located, is not under the NPAA/NAAD classification. The land cover of the
proposed project area is mostly perennial crop and wooded grassland as shown in Figure 6.
In addition, there are no encroachments of any residential houses along the road alignment.

G. Climate

1. Baseline Climate

67. The province of Bukidnon climate falls under Type III and IV of the Modified Corona’s
Climate Classification System (Agpaoa et al., 1975). The western portion is classified under
Type III which is characterized by a short dry season, usually from February to April, and Type
IV climate in the eastern part, characterized by an almost evenly distributed rainfall during the
whole year.

68. Records from PAGASA shows that total annual average rainfall for the period of 1981-
2010 is 1,703.3 mm. Further, PAGASA reveals that from June to November, which is rainy
season, the average rainfall per month is 184.43 mm. From December to May, which is dry
season, the average rainfall per month is 95.66 mm.

18
 Figure 6: Land cover (2010) of the Municipality of Damulog, Bukidnon

69. Meanwhile, the area has an annual mean temperature of 26.8 °C while the average
relative humidity is 81%. The hottest months are April, May, and June while the coldest months
are December, January, and February. These observations were obtained from the nearest
PAGASA station in Lumbia Airport.

70. The southwest and the northeast monsoon systems influenced the rainfall pattern that
is responsible for the tropical storms that batter the entire region during the rainy season. The
southwest monsoon sets in during late May and peaks during the months of November and
December (Figure 7). The northeast monsoon then comes in during late October and
intensifies in January and February. Overall, the area is seldom visited by storms and/or
typhoons. From 1948 to 2009, only one tropical storm and one typhoon passed through the
Province of Bukidnon, which affected the area. On average, the area is visited by 2 typhoons
per year. It is during January and October when a number of cyclones would cross the
watersheds whereas the remaining months are almost free of tropical cyclones.

19
 Figure 7: Record of tropical cyclones that passed through the region covering the
influence watersheds during the period 1948 - 2009 (PAGASA)

2. Climate scenario for Bukidnon Province in 2020 and 2050

71. PAGASA-DOST projected the climate changes using the CNCM3 model scenarios.
Based on projections, the province will be affected by changes in rainfall in various seasons,
and increasing occurrences of extreme events in 2020 and 2050. The projected monthly
rainfall change in 2020 and 2050 under the CNCM3 model scenario in the province are
presented in Table 6.

72. The simulated monthly rainfall ranges from 71 mm to 626 mm. The mean monthly
rainfall of two scenarios (A1B and A2) was significantly different from each period. The driest
month, April, still sees below 150 mm of precipitation per month. The wettest months are
November and December with a monthly mean of more than 300 mm (Figure 8).

73. In particular, the monthly precipitation fluctuated each month for two periods. However,
the most distinct changes are predicted to be in the 2050s period under A2 scenario where
most likely longer dry months. Other periods closely followed the trends and patterns. Overall,
a decrease of annual rainfall was predicted in each scenario for two periods as much as 40%
compared to the observed scenario (Table 7).

20
 Table 6: Projected monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model with A1b and A2
scenarios for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province
A1B A2
Month Observed
2020 2050 2020 2050
Jan 295.5 335.7 160.6 290.1 206.9
Feb 224.1 390.4 106.1 116.9 197.6
Mar 190.4 200.0 106.4 196.5 191.0
Apr 148.3 66.5 108.6 132.9 99.5
May 208.9 304.0 261.9 176.5 98.9
Jun 278.9 167.5 311.1 271.7 71.2
Jul 337.7 146.6 368.8 335.8 97.0
Aug 378.4 391.4 412.0 208.6 128.5
Sep 236.4 226.6 271.6 333.4 176.2
Oct 273.2 132.8 271.8 366.6 207.6
Nov 314.2 456.9 304.8 274.4 285.5
Dec 436.7 626.2 351.5 382.4 204.8
Total 3322.7 3444.6 3035.1 3085.9 1964.5
Min 148.3 66.5 106.1 116.9 71.2
Max 436.7 626.2 412.0 382.4 285.5
SD 82.21 161.18 107.73 89.91 63.93
Ave 276.9 287.1 252.9 257.2 163.7

700.0

600.0

500.0
Monthly Rainfall (mm)

400.0

300.0

200.0

100.0

0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Observed 2020 (A1B) 2050 (A1B) 2020 (A2) 2050 (A2)

Figure 8: Monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model for 2020s and 2050s periods in
Bukidnon Province

21
 Table 7: Change Anomalies of Rainfall in Bukidnon Province based on CNCM3 model
A1B A2
Month
2020 2050 2020 2050
Jan 13.6 -45.7 -1.8 -30.0
Feb 74.2 -52.6 -47.8 -11.8
Mar 5.0 -44.1 3.2 0.3
Apr -55.1 -26.8 -10.4 -32.9
May 45.5 25.4 -15.5 -52.7
Jun -39.9 11.5 -2.6 -74.5
Jul -56.6 9.2 -0.5 -71.3
Aug 3.4 8.9 -44.9 -66.0
Sep -4.2 14.9 41.0 -25.5
Oct -51.4 -0.5 34.2 -24.0
Nov 45.4 -3.0 -12.7 -9.1
Dec 43.4 -19.5 -12.4 -53.1
Total 3.7 -8.7 -7.1 -40.9

H. Hydrology and Water Bodies

74. Bukidnon is known as the watershed of Mindanao. It is endowed with six major river
systems namely: Pulangi, Tagoloan, Agusan-Cugman, Muleta, Manupali and Davao-Salug
Rivers. These rivers carved the landscape of the province creating numerous canyons.

75. In particular, Muleta River System flows southwards in the boundary of Bukidnon and
Cotabato province. From this water body, abound springs, deep wells, creeks and streams
which are water sources for the people in the area.

76. Water bodies in the subproject area are Lumatong River, Panabongan Creek, Sigpit
Falls, Pangutinan Creek (small), Pangutinan Creek (big), Pangutinan Falls, Mirangay Creek,
Baroyon Creek and Kitingting Creek (Table 8).

Table 8: Water Bodies in the Project Area ( San Isidro)

Watershed Tributary/Water Bodies
Muleta River Lumatong River, Panabongan Creek, Sigpit Falls,
Pangutinan Creek (small), Pangutinan Creek (big),
Pangutinan Falls, Mirangay Creek, Baroyon Creek,
Kitingting Creek
Source: Barangay Development Plan (2016-2021)

I. Natural Hazards

77. In addition to the vulnerability of the watershed to landslides and as mentioned above,
extreme weather event experienced within Muleta Watershed was the cold front and typhoons
Sendong and Pablo in the year 2011 and 2012. The occurrence of typhoons results to flooding
in some part of the Watershed specifically at Purok 3, Brgy. Malinao, Kadingilan, Brgy.
Cabadiangan, Don Carlos, and Sitio Lumagwas, Brgy. Adtuyon, Pangantucan, all in Bukidnon.

22
78. In general, the country experiences an average of 20 typhoons and most of which pass
through Visayas and Luzon every year. Situated close to what could be the southernmost rim
of the Philippine typhoon belt, the province received 11 typhoon hits over a 20-year period
(Table 9). The floods of 2009 and 2011 have already provided a tragic illustration of what can
happen. While the province is free from the direct effects of tropical cyclone, its weather,
particularly manifestation of rainfall may be affected by tropical cyclones passing close to the
northeastern tip of Mindanao (UN-HABITAT and WFP, 2013).

Table 9: Total Annual Number of Typhoons in the Area

Period
Year Tropical Cyclone Durations (days)
Begin Date End Date
1991 TS Bebeng 4/23/91 4/26/87 4
1993 TD Bining 4/12/93 4/13/93 2
1993 TY Toyang 12/24/93 12/29/93 6
1996 TD Toyang 11/4/96 11/13/96 10
2002 TD Caloy 3/20/02 3/23/02 4
2003 TD Zigzag 12/24/03 12/27/03 4
2004 TD Pablo 9/15/04 9/17/04 3
2007 TY Lando 11/19/07 11/28/07 10
2008 TS Ambo 4/14/08 4/15/2008 2
2008 TD Rolly 11/8/08 11/09/2008 2
2008 TD Tonyo 11/13/08 11/16/2008 4
2011 TY Sendong 12/15/11
Source: WWF-BPI Business Risk Assessment as cited by UN-HABITAT, 2013

J. Biological Environment

1. Flora and Fauna

79. Portion of Mt. Kalatungan range is part of Muleta Watershed in which its headwater
emanates. This forested mountain range is habitat of various plant species and wild animals.
The whole area is still rich in biodiversity that includes plants, reptiles, amphibians, and birds.
Table 10 shows the summary of flora and fauna in the area.

Table 10: Summary of Flora and Fauna within the Watershed

Flora No. of Species
Tress and Arborescent 173
Herbs and Herbaceous 115
Shrubs and Bushes 37
Vines and Scandent 35
Ferns 17
Palms 12
Subtotal 389
Fauna No. of Species
Mamals 7
Birds 67

23
 Amphibians and Reptiles 16
Subtotal 90
Total 479
Source: Berkman Systems, Inc. (EIS Pulangi Hydroelectric Power Plant) (As cited in Lower Pulangi Watershed
Management Area of the Rio Grande de Mindanao River Basin Management Framework Plan, 2014)

80. Biodiversity in the area is monitored by the PASO Kalatungan through Biodiversity
Monitoring System (BMS). Bantay Lasang was deployed by PASO to monitor the area and for
law enforcement specifically in the apprehending unregulated hunting of wildlife and
unauthorized cutting of trees. The honorarium of the Bantay Lasang is shouldered by the
PASO with a counterpart of the LGU where the PA strides.

81. To monitor the Mt. Kalatungan Range Natural Park, PASO Kalatungan conducted a
quarterly BMS which includes Focus Group Discussion among the community adjacent to the
park to identify issues within the park. Based on the result of FGD, major treats of Mt.
Kalatungan as unique natural attraction is the wildlife hunting and extraction of flora like Nito
(small rattan), Abaca, Anibong, Banag for commercial, food, roofing and medicine purposes.

82. Within the watershed area lies Mt. Kalatungan which is considered as the 5th highest
peak in the country, it has been declared an Important Bird Area (IBA) in 2001 for it is home
to the Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi) and Philippine Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus
philippensis) which is locally known as “Kalumbata”.

83. However, in particular, there is no endangered species or declared/proposed protected

area of natural habitat that will be affected by the said subproject based on field validation
conducted on 8 September 2015 (Figure 9). Mt. Kalatungan Range Natural Park is about 50
km away from the proposed subproject. This rehabilitation subproject will only utilize the
existing road access and right of way.

24
 Figure 9: Vegetative conditions during the Site Validation of the Proposed
Rehabilitation Road Access in Barangay San Isidro

K. Socio-Economic Conditions

1. Population

84. The municipality has a total population of 27,122 as of the 2015 census of the
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) with a growth rate of 2.64% based on the data from the
years 2010-2015.

85. In the influence areas of Barngay Kitingting, Angga-an and Barangay San Isidro, there
are 711 households with a total population of 3,212 (Table 11).

Table 11: Total Population, Households and Land Area, Influence Areas

Total
Name of
Male Female Number of IP Male Female
Barangays
Population
1. San Isidro 348 282 630 152 78 74
2. Kitingting 338 322 660 26 14 12
3. Angga-an 985 937 1,922 1,270 648 622
TOTAL 1,671 1,541 3,212 1,448 740 708
Source: Development Office 2015 survey

2. Population and Number of Household

86. Based on the 2015 survey conducted by the Population Development Office, Purok 1
has the biggest population with 310 followed by Purok 3 with 172. The least populated area is
Purok 2 with 148 individuals (Table 12).

Table 12: Number of HH and average HH size of San Isidro, 2015

Purok Population Number of Households
Purok 1 310 69
Purok 2 148 33

25
 Purok 3 172 42
Total 630 144
Source: Population Development Office, 2015 Survey

3. Ethnic Group

87. There are about 163 individuals in the project area which belong to different ethnic
groups. This constitute thirty three (33) Manobo households and two (2) Muslim households
living in Barangay San Isidro. They comprised almost twenty six percent (25.88%) of the total
barangay population.

88. According to Datu Manuel Dalas, IP Mandatory Representative, The Manobo Tribe in
Damulog headed by Datu Feliciano S. Anggaan, has applied for the recognition of their
Ancestral Domain Claim with the NCIP way back in 2015, but until now there is no yet final
provisions or ruling on the matter. San Isidro is an integral part of that claim.

89. Table 13 presents the sex-disaggregated information of ethnic groups living the
barangay influence area.

Table 13: Sex-disaggregated Data of Ethnic Groups Present in the Influence Area
Ethnic Group Total Number Ethnic Group Male Female % to Total
of Population Population Population
Manobo Tribe 152 78 74 24.13%

Muslim 630 11 8 3 1.75%

Total 163 86 77 25.88%

Source: Barangay Development Plan (2016-2021)

4. Education

90. To provide for the education of the children, all the 17 barangays have elementary
schools comprising about 116 classrooms. A public high school in Old Damulog, the Old
Damulog National High School, provides public secondary education. This is complimented
by one private high school, Xavier de Damulog High School, located at the Poblacion proper.
Another public high school, the Macapari National High School, was recently opened to
students. The school was built through funds from Joint Together Society (JTS), a Korean
NGO, and the Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA).The same NGO and foreign
donor agency established three additional elementary schools in 2009 in far flung sitios along
the border area with President Roxas in Cotabato Province and were subsequently accredited
by the Department of Education (DepEd). These schools cater mostly to Manobo and Muslim
children. These bring the total number of elementary schools in Damulog to twenty (20).

5. Health and Nutrition

91. The municipality has no privately owned medical facilities but there are19 public or
government-run health facilities: one Rural Health Unit (RHU)/Family Planning Center, one
Birthing Center located at the Poblacion proper, and 17barangay health stations (BHSs). The
distances from the Poblacion to the nearest health facilities and mode of transportation to the
facilities are shown in Table 14.

26
 Table 14: Distance from Poblacion to Nearest Health Facilities
Distance from Poblacion to Type of Health Facility Mode of
Barangay
Nearest Health Facilities (km) Transportation
1. Aludas 7.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
2. Anggaan 8.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
3. Kinapat 3.50 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
4. Kiraon 4.55 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
5. Kitingting 6.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
6. Lagandang 8.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
7. Macapari 7.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
8. Maican 2.05 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
9. Migcawayan 19.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
10.New Compostela 2.30 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
11.Old Damulog 2.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
12. Omonay 14.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
13. Poblacion - (RHU/Birthing Center/BHS) Motor Vehicle
14. Pocopoco 4.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
15. Sampagar 5.00 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
16. San Isidro 8.40 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
17. Tangkulan 17.25 Barangay Health Station Motor Vehicle
Source: Municipal Health Office, Damulog 2015

92. The data presented in the above table showed that the 17 barangays of the
municipality now have access to health facilities. Even the barangays that are situated in the
remote areas of the municipality can now avail of health services and the facilities with less
difficulty. The health facilities for the municipality of Damulog consist mainly of the RHU, a
newly built Birthing Center, and another building under construction intended to upgrade the
RHU facilities. These are all situated at the Poblacion, the urban center of the municipality.
Barangay health stations (BHSs) in every barangay compliment the RHU. The nearest hospital
facilities – Provincial Hospital Kibawe Annex and the privately owned Villalon Hospital – are
located in the municipality of Kibawe, a neighbouring town which is about 12 km from the
Poblacion and is approximately a 10-15 min ride from the town capital.

93. All the 17 barangays in Damulog each have a Barangay Health Station (BHS). Also
operational is the RHU at the Poblacion, where the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) holds
office. Located also within the RHU compound is the newly built Birthing Center facility and a
new MHO building constructed through funds from a foreign NGO, the Joint Together Society
(JTS) of Korea.

94. In 2015, Damulog had 15 personnel catering to the health needs of the municipality’s
entire population. These consisted of one MHO, one dentist, one medical technologist, two
nurses (a municipal nurse and a DOH representative), eight rural health midwives (RHMs),
one sanitary inspector, and one RHU office clerk. Barangay health workers (BHWs) in every
barangay help in delivering health programs and services to the people.

95. Health services in the municipality are augmented by the Provincial Health Office
(PHO) through the Provincial Indigency Health Program of PhilHealth. It has a doctor, a
medical technologist, a nurse, and two midwives. The situation indicates that the one doctor
per 10,000 population standard doctor to population ratio is met, considering that Damulog
now has a total population of 27,122. The standard midwife to population ratio is, however, is
more than adequately met since the municipality currently has a midwife to population ratio of
1:3,198. However, this is not an assurance that health services are brought to the populace at
the instant they are needed since access especially to the remote barangays still requires
considerable time. This situation is compounded by the rapidly growing population brought
about by the migration of people from the neighbouring border towns of North Cotabato due

27
to peace and order disturbance sometime in 1999. The evacuees during that period did not
return to their area for fear of their lives and have permanently settled in Damulog. In-migration
caused by the ongoing improvement of the Sayre Highway also spurred in-migration of people
to Damulog, which has caused the ballooning of the service population of the municipality’s
health personnel.

6. Water Supply

96. The water supply system of Damulog is managed by Damulog Water District, which
mainly services households in the Poblacion area. Other barangays in Damulog have the
Lagasan, Kilangao, Malingling, and Kipaling springs as sources of drinking water. There are
also deep wells within the Poblacion where water is extracted by electric pumps. Most
barangays have their respective water systems consisting of gravity type and deep wells using
electric pumps.

7. Road Network

97. Farm to market roads (FMRs) are constructed especially in the inner and far-flung
barangays of the municipality to facilitate the transport and conveyance of farm products to
the market and the riding public. Table 15 indicates the existing condition and accessibility of
these roads.

Table 15: Status of Barangay Roads as of 2015

Barangay Road Section Distance (km) Remarks
Kinapat to Aludas 1.80 Poor; spillway damaged
1. Aludas
Kinapat to Purok 4 .12 Poor
Anggaan to Tukod 6.00 Poor; under repair
2. Anggaan Anggaan to Sarawagon 2.40 Poor; pilot road
Pidlana to Kidama 4.60 Poor
Damulog to Kinapat 3.80 Concrete; funded by ARCP
3. Kinapat
Kinapat to Pocopoco 2.60 All weather road; funded by ARCP
4. Kiraon Kinapat to Kiraon 4.20 Dilapidated; needs repair
Poor; not passable during the rainy
5. Kitingting Kitingting to Sn. Isidro 2.80
season
All weather with concrete section;
6. Lagandang Kitingting to Lagandang 4.20
funded under MRDP
Macapari to Lumatong 1.80 Poor; not accessible
7. Macapari
Macapari to Muleta 2.20 Not accessible
Poblacion to Maican 2.00 Concrete; funded by ARCP
8. Maican
Maican to Muleta 2.23 Concrete; funded by ARCP
Kibawe(Bridge) to All weather; needs bridge repair
9. Migcawayan 3.40
Migcawayan
Damulog to New
4.40 Dilapidated; needs repair
Compostela
10. New Compostela
Compostela to Kipaling Dilapidated; needs repair and
6.16
and Lagasan, Sampagar installation of box culverts
Old Damulog – Hinalaran- All weather with concrete section;
5.80
11.Old Damulog Bolisong funded under MRDP
Old Damulog to SitioOpao 1.00 Poor; muddy when wet
Poor; not accessible; IP
12. Omonay Omonay to Sarawagon 6.20
communities
Muddy when wet; needs sand and
13. Poblacion Poblacion to Purok 2 0.80
gravel
14. Pocopoco Pocopoco to Kiasay 1.00 Poor; accessible
Sampagar to Langahan to
15. Sampagar 3.60 Poor; muddy when wet
Kapalaran

28
 Quarry to Lagasan
Narugaran to San Isidro
16. San Isidro
Purok 1 to Purok 3
Tukod to Tangkulan
Tangkulan – Inlabo
17. Tangkulan
Inlabo – Lawitan
Source: MPDO, Damulog 2015
1.20 Accessible; needs sand and gravel
With pilot road; needs box culvert;
high priority section; completes the
2.0 network with Kitingting and
Pocopoco
With pilot road, dilapidated needs
6.30
sand and gravel
3.40 Poor; need sand and gravel
With pilot road; needs sand and
3.20
gravel
Pilot roads; needs construction; high
4.20
priority for peacebuilding purposes

8. Tourism

98. Damulog has two beautiful natural spots which are potential tourist sites, but which
have not yet been fully developed to catch the attention of both foreign and local tourists.
These are the Minlaya Falls and Mt. Pigtuyuan. Minlaya Falls is located in Sitio Minlaya, which
is about 1.2 km from the Poblacion proper. The waterfall is 16.76 m high and 4.57 m deep.

99. Mt. Pigtuyuan is a breast-like mountain located at Barangay Sampagar. It is 76.20 m

high, with slope ranging from 30-50%. From atop the mountain, one will be greeted with the
beautiful scenery of South Bukidnon and North Cotabato. This is considered as the landmark
of the municipality. Proposals are now under way to develop it as a course for the Station of
the Cross during the Lenten season. Table 20 shows the other potential tourist spots and
attractions found in Damulog.

100. PAWAN (Pequiro Agricultural Water and Nature) Spring Resort located at Barangay
Sampagar has been in operation for almost four years. It boasts of two first-class swimming
pools – one for adults and one for children. It also has boating service in its sprawling lagoon
and number of cottages and two function halls to cater to the needs of guests and visitors.
PAWAN is the premier tourism destination being promoted by the local government in the
municipality.

101. Potential tourists spots in the municipality are depicted in Table 16 below.

Table 16: Potential Tourist Attractions

Tourist Attraction Location Brief Description
The mountain provides a scenic view of south
Mt. Pigtuyuan Sampagar Bukidnon and North Cotabato; good for hiking and
camping.
Minlaya Falls Poblacion A 60-ft waterfall accessible by trail only; for hiking
Malingling Spring Old Damulog For public bath and picnic area
Kipaling Spring New Compostela For public bath and picnic area
Lagasan Spring New Compostela For hiking, sightseeing, swimming, camping
Pangantapan Spring Migcawayan For public bath and picnic area
Source: MPDO, Damulog 2016

29
 9. Commerce and Industry

102. Commerce and trade is practically concentrated in Barangay Poblacion, regarded as

the central business district of the municipality. Traded goods are basically agricultural
products. These are mostly rice and corn, copra, rubber and mango. Livestock are also traded
in Damulog. Majority of the commercial establishments are sari-sari stores which accounts
nearly seventy three percent (73%) of the total recorded business establishments in 2015.

103. There are no big industries found in the locality. Industrial establishments in Damulog
are really small scale in nature. These are actually support to agricultural production or post-
harvest facilities like rice and corn mills and corn shellers as shown in Table 17.

Table 17: List of Commercial and Industrial Establishments, 2014-2015

Year
Type of Establishment
2014 2015
1. Agri-Trading 7 10
2. Bakery 5 7
3. Cockpit 1 1
4. Hardware/Construction Supply 2 3
5. Eatery/Restaurant 4 5
6. Furniture Shop/Making 1 1
7. Gasoline Station 1 1
8. General Merchandise 4 14
9. Hollow Block Maker 1 1
10. Rice/Corn Mill 8 8
11. Pharmacy 2 2
12. Sari-sari Store 140 186
13. Tailor Shop 1 1
14. Media Services 0 0
15. Barber Shop/Beauty Parlor 4 3
16. Photo Shop 0 0
17. Trucking Services 1 1
18. Pawnshop 0 1
19. Cellphone Repair/Accessories Shop 1 2
20. Water Refilling Station 0 1
21. Funeral Homes 2 1
22. Vulcanizing Shop 1 2
23. Snack Parlor/Shop 1 1
24. Auto/Motor Parts Supply 1 1
25. Auto/Motor Repair Shop 1 1
26. Resort 1 1
TOTAL 190 255
Source: Business Permit and Licensing Office, Damulog 2015

10. Electricity

104. All of the seventeen (17) barangays of Damulog are now energized through the First
Bukidnon Electric Cooperative (FIBECO), a cooperative providing electric connections.
Although there are still far-flung sitios/puroks in barangays that are yet to enjoy the
convenience of electricity, the National Power Corporation has continued its effort in providing
them electric connections. A Sitio Electrification Program (SEP) is being implemented through
FIBECO. There is also an on-going energization project of the Department of Energy (DOE)
targeting the same far-flung areas through solar-energy installation of devices for households.

30
 11. Communication

105. Communication service facilities are limited to a publicly-managed postal service and
telephone service. Private communication service providers include internet providers and cell
sites network. Communication network is present in the Poblacion and Barangay Sampagar
area with three communication towers

106. Mobile phones are widely used in the Damulog. There are also 17 radio communication
equipment in Damulog provided to / owned by the barangay chairman of the 17 barangays.
These are very useful in times of emergencies. Table 19 shows the number of household
ownership of the various medium of communication.

12. Agriculture

107. Agriculture is the main driver of the economy of the municipality, with 92% of the
population dependent on agriculture. The rest are government workers, small business
entrepreneurs, and full-time laborers.

108. Corn, rice, sugar cane and coconut are the dominant crops. The introduction of
sugarcane resulted in the reduction of the area devoted to corn farming. Other permanent
crops are rubber and mango. Damulog has the most number of mango trees in Bukidnon.

109. Annual agricultural production in Barangay San Isidro is pegged at around 5,740.12
metric tons as shown in Table 18.

Table 18: Crops, area planted, yield, volume of production of San Isidro
Ave. No. of Annual % of
Area
Barangay Crops Yield cropping Production production
(ha)
(MT/ha) per year (MT) sold
San Isidro Corn 300 3.4 2 2,040 70%
Rice (upland) 3 1.5 2 9 80%
Banana 3.7 10 12 444 100%
Rubber 1.65 4 12 3,192 100%
Cacao 2.12 26 1 55.12 100%

TOTAL 310.47 44.9 5,740.12

Source: Municipal Agriculture Office, 2015

110. Data obtained from the Municipal Agriculture Office for year 2015 among livestock for
the whole municipality: cattle have the highest number with 1,058 heads. It is followed by
carabaos with 905 heads, 904 heads of goat, horse with 597 and swine with 516. For poultry,
raising and production is concentrated only for chicken with a population of 14,325.

13. Fisheries

111. The fisheries industry in the municipality is limited to inland fishponds. Most of these
fishponds are supported by Department of Agriculture (DA) programs through the Municipal
Agriculture Office (MAO), which provides technical assistance and provision of feeds and
fingerlings to owners and farmers.

31
112. The town has existing fishponds with a potential area of 45 ha, and a beneficiary
number of 32 farmers. Raised in fishponds are tilapia and catfish (hito). Tilapia is gaining good
acceptance with the help of the Bureau of Fishery and Aquatic Resources. The LGU has an
existing program on inland fishery with an association of freshwater fish growers.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

113. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil
works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of
Barangay San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 road given that all the proposed civil works are only
asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will
only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of
civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the
mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These
construction related impacts can be mitigated by 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially
those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard
safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use
of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct
construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified
in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the
contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.

114. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are
expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve
widening and alignment adjustments (Table 19). Detailed environmental mitigation measures
have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental
management plan under Chapter VIII.

Table 19: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts

Embankment

Provision of
RCPC cross
Excavation

Riprap and
Aggregate

Gravelling

Potential Environmental Impacts or

Pavement
Structural

Sub-base
Base and

Roadway

Concrete
Portland
grouted

Cement
Values the Subproject construction
Course

Riprap

drains

would likely create:

Land surface disturbance – surface

scrapping, top soil erosion, and vegetative moderate moderate minor minor minor minor minor
clearing
Affects temporal water regime: decrease
water quantity and quality and flow
regularity or seasonality due to altered
minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
drainage patterns, water way configuration,
sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow
diversion
Altered or impaired hydrology of the
immediate area: increase peak and flood minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
flows and irregular streamflow
Decrease in downstream natural resources’
minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
economic and social values/uses
Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing
some geological or geomorphological
values, particularly those of known local, minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
national or international nature conservation
importance
Vegetation loss affecting rare species
none none none none none none none
habitats, particularly of known local, national

32
 Embankment

Provision of
RCPC cross
Excavation

Riprap and
Aggregate

Gravelling
Potential Environmental Impacts or

Pavement
Structural

Sub-base
Base and

Roadway

Concrete
Portland
grouted

Cement
Values the Subproject construction

Course

Riprap

drains
would likely create:

or international nature conservation

importance
Adverse impact on local and transient fauna
species (those species whose range may
include the project site), particularly those of none none none none none none none
known local, national or international nature
conservation importance.
Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds
none none none none none none none
or rare diseases
Frequent incurrence and increased intensity
none none none none none none none
of grassfire
Contamination of the immediate and/or
broader environment cause by the storage
minor minor none none minor none minor
or use of chemicals needed for the
construction works
Air particulate emissions which may cause
atmospheric / environmental pollution
impacting on human health and livelihood at minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
local or larger scale during construction
phase
Excessive solid waste accumulation during
minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
infrastructure construction
Increase in noise and/or vibration during
minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
construction
Unnatural lighting effects that may impact
upon flora and fauna, or deplete the sense none none none none none none none
of naturalness of the area
Natural landscape fragmentation and
none none none none none none none
discontinuity
Adverse impact on land use and the
amenity values of adjacent or downstream
areas (including the integrity of agricultural minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
land, or other industry that the local
community may depend on)
Adverse impact on existing or potential
recreational value and quality of known
minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
traditional experience associated to site
natural setting
Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual
value and its surrounding area -from minor minor minor minor minor minor minor
different vantage points
Rating: None= no adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=slight negative impact for a year
but not damaging enough to cause ecological, health and economic disturbance.

115. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio-
economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural
products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due
to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others.

117. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre-
construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed
environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and
presented in the environmental management plan.

33
A. Pre-Construction

1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

118. This will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent
shall conduct consultation meetings with directly affected barangays and concerned POs’, and
information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.

2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling will be

done

119. Identification and prioritization of road sections will be give information and
participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors. A subproject site
validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject
implementation is being complied with and hold consultative meetings with balanced
representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and
management plan.

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work

120. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject will be
prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road. The detailed
designs shall include the identification of spill management prevention and emergency
response plans for all construction sites, locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas
away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers, and specific plan to notify and
provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities.

121. The LGU with assistance from TA-PMIC will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP
in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities,
supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.

4. Recruitment of workers

122. The potential impact of the subproject will be hiring of skilled local workers and other
unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in
coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and
municipal levels. The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy.

B. Construction

1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

123. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements.
Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to environmental impacts such as the loss
of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and
material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re-
suspension of dust during the dry seasons.

124. Local roads will be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the
construction equipment. These roads include those which are leading to the project site. In
order to reduce impact on all borrow sites, contractors will water the local roads close to the

34
settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not make use of
productive agricultural land. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor will obtain consent from
the land owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.

2. Clearing and removal of obstructions

125. The contractors will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road
that would result to damaged landscape. It must be noted that there are no affected trees on
the proposed access road rehabilitation project. However, vegetation (mostly grasses) in the
site is common and will recover after the construction. The contractors will not use or permit
the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works. The contractor will be
required to minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation,
and prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary or permanent drainage as soon
as practicable after cutting. If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore
original contours.

3. Soil erosion

126. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along
subproject road. The impact of soil erosion and unstable side slope are increased run off and
sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard to the downstream, loss of topsoil affects the
growth of vegetation that causes ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts
and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities
should be taken up only during dry season.

127. During operation, silt load in the river is expected to be minor due to slope protection
structures installed. The contractor will also be required to make additional measures to
minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) minimize damage and
cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, 2) prevent erosion and protect the
cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and 3) If new erosion
occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

128 During ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road, the potential impacts
would be minor and short-termed to the terrestrial resources as well as to the quality of surface
water in the river. The contractor will be required to do the following: 1) the construction site
should be located away from forested or plantation areas, 2) all construction fluids such as
oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas, 3) no
waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations, 4) erosion channels must
be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) earthworks
should be conducted during dry periods, 6) no waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface
waters, 7) no washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 8) pit latrines to be located
away from surface waters, 9) no unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 10)
no aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 11) minimize the use of heavy equipment at
steep slopes.

5. Civil works

129. Since the subproject will mainly involve concrete pavement (with no road widening and
realignments), main impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water
contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply stated mitigating
measures during concrete pavement and stone masonry activities such as 1) piling of
aggregates at sites should be used/or removed promptly, or covered and placed in non-traffic

35
areas, and 2) all spills should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste
management plan, and according to government regulations.

6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure

130. During construction, air quality will certainly decrease by exhaust emissions from
construction equipment, dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and
material stock piles.

131. To mitigate the declining air quality problem during construction, the following will be
implemented: 1) regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2)
cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates,
3) minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) backfill
immediately after work is completed, 5) restrict working time between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm,
6) maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles
and machinery, 8) vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 9) construct
temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.

7. Dust and noise from borrow pits

132. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the
following mitigating measures: 1) provision of noise control measures to comply with national
standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, 2) secure
appropriate environmental permits, 3) the borrow and material dumping sites must be access
controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray
animals, and 4) protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they
are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure

133. The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface
waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be
disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent
surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed
of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system

134. Solid and liquid construction wastes management system will be facilitated to avoid
contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of
general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include
covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from
construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and
disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible.
All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be
no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and
removed from the work camps and disposed in local waste disposal sites.

10. Water quality

135. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to washing of equipment
(i.e. vehicles and concrete mixers), and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps
to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper and adequate sanitary
facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper
sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 3) provide wastewater treatment facility

36
(e.g., septic tank), and 4) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to
prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works
containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation
tanks. 5) The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may
contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To
mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall i) collect and
retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not
reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, ii) recycle
the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or iii) use of a washout pit made with a
plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

11. Construction drainage system

136. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and rain water
natural channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from
construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

12. Workers health, safety and hygiene

137. Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that
no untreated wastewater is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be
established at the construction camps. There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted,
exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be
required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the
work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.

138. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones
should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information
disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety
guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at
construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing
water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and
awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the
construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed
to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and
other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services
must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all
construction sites, 11) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 12) all
construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

13. Traffic safety and management

139. Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people
are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). During
construction, the contractor is responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe
speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag
persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction
ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as
possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide
access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.

37
 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

140. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through
the clearance of small areas of vegetation (mainly grasses) at major work sites. A short-term
impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the
construction period due to minor vegetation clearance (mainly grasses, not trees). Vegetative
cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection.

141. Meanwhile, the potential impacts from construction worker camps are poaching of
edible animals and birds of the locality in spite of prohibitions. The contractors’ will be
responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of
fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.

15. Damaged to properties

142. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures,

irrigation, farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other
project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or
compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture
ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply,
communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials
and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their
pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

16. Concrete washout

143. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may
contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To
mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and
retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not
reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle
the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a
plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

17. Use of Hazardous Substances

144. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have
potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact,
vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed
(with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled
lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned
government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to
prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will
be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage
of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat
emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory
stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas
will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes
will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to
ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.

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 18. Public safety

145. `Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To
mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of
sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage
and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and
pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access,
4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there
are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize
accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during
transport.

C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

146. The rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access road will have potentials
impacts both positive and negative to the area. The negative impacts will directly involve the
increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise, and unplanned urbanization.
However, the positive impacts will mainly focus on increased delivery of agricultural products,
provide access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism
businesses. To mitigate these impacts, the LGU of Damulog and other concerned agencies
shall initiate and implement the following: 1) set speed limit when passing through populated
area, 2) provide appropriate warning signs and lighting, 3) regular removal of debris, logs and
other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging, 4) regular vegetation control along
run-off area to ensure free flow, 5) ensure that existing environmental management policies
are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies, 6) adherence
to land use and zoning regulations, and 7) promote tourism in the area through advertisement
from the local and nationwide venue.

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholder Consultations

147. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs
achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. A series of consultations with its three
influenced barangays (Kitingting, Angga-an, San Isidro) and local government unit of
Damulog confirmed that the rehabilitation of the San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access road
is essential for economic development.

148. A field visit was conducted on September 15, 2015 by the local government. Several
problems were identified by the team. Foremost among the problems is the poor road
condition. They have to pay higher fare for themselves when they travel, pay a higher fare for
their products, which cuts into their income, incur higher losses in transport, higher
maintenance cost of vehicles, and difficult inward transport of farm inputs, not to mention the
reduced opportunities for social exchange due to the prohibitive cost of fares. The present
road is difficult to access with its many potholes and muddy portions. During the wet season,
only vehicles with four wheel drive capabilities could pass the road and people resort to
horses and water buffalo (carabao) to transport their produce. Children have to walk to school
over the muddy and slippery road.

39
149. Each influence barangay conducted a barangay consultation where they discussed
priority projects of their barangay. Consistent with the site validation result conducted last 14
November, 2016, the subproject was assessed to unlikely cause significant adverse impact
on the environment; in fact, the subproject is identified by the community members to improve
the status of the environment as it will serve as a corridor in mitigating forest fires in the area.

150. Another consultation was conducted in barangay San Isidro through a General
Assembly on February 18, 2016 which was attended by the community and residents
including the IPs and Muslims, members of the POs in the area, LGU personnel and officials
and barangay officials. The people agreed to prioritize the rehabilitation and upgrading of the
road sections in the barangay to improve access and uplift their socio-economic status. The
assembly also discussed identification of project site/areas and possible disturbances to
communities if the subproject will be approved and implemented. As a result, the conducted
assembly resulted in the acceptance of the people of Barangay San Isidro of the project and
their support for its implementation (Appendix 2).

151. After consultations to the community and barangay offices, the three (3) influenced
barangays endorsed the proposed road rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access
road for inclusion to INREMP rural infrastructure component (Appendix 3). However,
discussions on subprojects revealed lack of funds. Since barangay allocation was not enough
to support the sub-project, the barangay officials agreed to submit an endorsement letter to
Sangguniang Bayan requesting for inclusion of their barangay project in the priority projects
of the municipality.

152. With the involvement of the LGU in the sub-project activities of INREMP particularly
in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, they dedicated time and effort
in participating with orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Indeed, a
municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply,
negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal
development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation
of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access road (Appendix 4).

153. Recently, the LGU of Damulog with technical assistance of consultant has made
presentation of the Subproject held on 26 July 2017 at Session Hall, San Isidro, Damulog,
Bukidnon. The consultation specifically described the project description, proposed civil
works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The
consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results
of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring
significant economic benefits to the barangays and increase trade flows. Concerns on the
subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term
negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited
ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road; majority of them as well are not
anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment though one of the
respondents mentioned that the road might be a corridor for illegal loggers to access the
forest land so he suggested an intensified barangay patrolling during the operation phase of
the access road.

154. At the end of the meetings, the participants were given questionnaires to express
their views and concerns of the sub-project. Details of the consultations and issues raised
during these consultations are given in Table 20. Details and names of the participants
participated in the consultations are given in Appendix 5.

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 Table 20: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Isidro
Date of Consultation: July 26, 2017
Venue: Session Hall, Brgy. San Isidro, Damulong, Bukidnon
Total number of participants: 20
Group represented: local residents, IP leader, barangay official, MPDO, PPDO staff, Consultants
Questions Responses
Benefits from the The following are the responses of the participants when asked by Engr.
road rehabilitation Jemuel Perino of the Project Management Team what benefits they are
expressed by on-site expecting to gain from the subproject:
and off-site  Ease of product transport from farm to market particularly coming
stakeholders from the INREMP NRM sites
 Provide readily access during emergency situations
 Easy delivery of basic services by the LGU to the population
 Save in transportation cost and time during hauling
 Lessen motorcycle accidents and provide comfortable access for
school children
 Improve economic situation and provide more livelihood
opportunities
Pre- construction Project Management Team
Beneficiaries Response
phase issues Response
 No issues were identified in  No issues were identified in
this phase this phase but the Team
discussed the technical
specifications of the
subproject and the
estimated project cost:
 6.33 kilometers
road rehabilitation
(Purok 1 to Purok 3
road sections)
 7 meters width
(ditch to ditch)
 17 million plus
project cost
Construction phase Probable issues raised by the Responses/ Suggestions:
issues Facilitator:
 Presence of noise and dust  The noise and dust during
during construction construction are bearable
and would certainly not be
very long
 Limitation of access or
transport of residents  Request the contractor to
provide signages and assist
in times when there are
emergency cases that need
quick access through the
 Accumulation of solid waste road
materials
 The Punong Barangay
informed the Team that
there is a backyard dump
pit in every household and
the Contractor can also do
the same in disposing their
solid waste. He suggested
that the Contractor should
have a systematic solid
waste management.
Facilitator emphasized that

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 Table 20: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Isidro
Date of Consultation: July 26, 2017
Venue: Session Hall, Brgy. San Isidro, Damulong, Bukidnon
Total number of participants: 20
Group represented: local residents, IP leader, barangay official, MPDO, PPDO staff, Consultants
Questions Responses
 Disturbed biodiversity and
possible trafficking of
endangered speices
 Project will affect customs
and traditions of the IPs
 Cultural heritage/ burial sites
 Houses and crops that will be
affected
 Access to farmlands situated
along the road
 Apprehensions about the
general effect of the project, if
any
 Availability of tree planting
programs
the BLGU is responsible of
the Solid Waste
Management
Implementation in the
barangay.
 Although there is no more
biodiversity in the area, the
IPMR is still concerned that
such situation may
happened. However, the
Punong Barangay strongly
declared that trafficking of
wild animals and species is
strictly prohibited.
 IPMR stated that contrary
to the possible effect, the
IPs are instead very happy
that flow of access will
become easier for them
and their products.
 IPMR said that no burial
sites or sites of cultural
significance will be
affected.
 Punong Barangay and the
community responded in
chorus that no houses and
significant crops will be
affected.
 Facilitator suggested that
the contractor should
provide considerable
access to the farmlands
alongside the road.
 IPMR said that they are
happy that finally the
access road will be
rehabilitated for easy travel.
 Sec. Vilma Talha said that
hopefully no workers will be
involved in trouble during
the implementation phase.
In response to the preceding
concern, Dr. Jem Perino
suggested that this concern
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 Table 20: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Isidro
Date of Consultation: July 26, 2017
Venue: Session Hall, Brgy. San Isidro, Damulong, Bukidnon
Total number of participants: 20
Group represented: local residents, IP leader, barangay official, MPDO, PPDO staff, Consultants
Questions Responses
should be the responsibility of
the contractor.

 The project community is a

recipient of the NRM
project through POs

 As a whole, Dr. Paulo

Pasicolan of the CESM
stated in addition to the
discussion that all the
important concerns and
issues are taken up and it
is a very important factor
not unless there are other
issues.

 Punog Barangay furthered

that in as much as issues
are concerned, he thinks
that all is covered well.
Operation and  Habal-habal drivers speeding  PO member suggested that
maintenance phase up there should be self-control
issues or restraint exercised by the
said drivers. However, as
per facilitator’s suggestion,
the Barangay Captain was
encouraged to pass a
resolution on the speed
limit.
Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/
responses mentioned on the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified
Suggested impact
potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face.
mitigation measures
These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact
Mitigation Plan of Damulog.

B. Information Disclosure

155. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation
process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of
Damulong, Bukidnon and the two affected Barangay offices, the Provincial Environmental and
Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the
public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during
implementation through:
• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the
affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for
temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording
grievances; and

43
 • Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the
affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible
for managing the effective grievance redress program.

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

156. The Local Government Unit of Damulog has properly conducted the consultations with
the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to make room for
possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation
to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a
venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to
resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable
level.

157. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or
violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which
may arise due to the project implementation, which are listed below:

a. Road accessibility related grievances – This may include complaints from

communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary
obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the
travelling public.

b. Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired

as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also
include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.

c. Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the
influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources
of their area/abode.

158. If case grievances and disputes do arise, there are existing groups in the area which
can be tapped to form part of the GRM. In fact, different active groups exist in the area such
as the Barangay Development Council (BDC) with its Lupon which is mainly in-charge of
settling disputes related to barangay administration, and the IP Chieftain and IP Mandatory
Representative, which also takes care of resolving disputes relating to the indigenous people
residing in the barangay.

159. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the PPCO

to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the sub-
project’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host
communities before start of civil works.

160. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the Provincial Project
Management Offices (PPCO) head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM
officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager
or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of
complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 6). The PPCO's
GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the
aggrieved party.

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161. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the
following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in
writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in
filling-up the grievance intake form;
(ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and
complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a
GRC meeting;
(iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the
complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving
the complaint.
(iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be
called within 5 working days;
(v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint;
(vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within 5
working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and
(vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the
complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or
through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and
Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources
Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)

162. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints,
disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve
the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring
reports to be submitted to ADB.

Grievance Among IPs

163. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled
following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples,
the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may
be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before
the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or
dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.

a. Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan;

b. If the said grievance/dispute is not resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to
the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and
c. If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to
the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will
be final and executory. The dispute/ grievance will be heard and adjudicated in
accordance with the Rules on Pleadings, Practice and Procedures before the
NCIP.

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 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
A. Implementation Arrangements
164. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP
are presented in Table 21.
Table 21: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation
Agency
LGU of Damulog, Bukidnon
Existing ADB Project Management
Office
Existing ADB Project Management
Office
PPMO, and Watershed Management
And Project Coordination Offices
(WMPCO)
Responsibilities
• Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and
operation
• Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP
• Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government
environmental policies and regulations
• Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the
provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009
• Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental
Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to
commencement of civil works
• Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil
works include the relevant EMP requirements
• Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in
the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns
• Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB.
• Project management office with direct responsibility for the implementation
of civil works, engineering designs and project coordination.
• Ensure that EMP design measures are incorporated in the detailed design
• Ensure that EMP provisions are strictly implemented and monitored during
various project phases (design/pre-construction, construction and
operation) to mitigate environmental impacts to acceptable levels
• Include relevant provisions of the EMP in the bid and contract documents
for design, civil works and supervision.
• Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all
implementation of the EMP
• Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP
implementation for submission to ADB
• Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective
actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission
to ADB
• Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU),
and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for
maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits.
• . Engage environment specialists who will undertake supervision and
monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental
performance
• As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the
contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP
• Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental
monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will
include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the
contractors.
46
 Table 21: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation
Agency Responsibilities
Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with
environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP
provisions
• Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely
implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP
• Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to
avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to
construction works and related activities performed by the contractor.
EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the
Government
• Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on
their mandate

ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and
over-all environmental performance of the Project
• Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing
agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed
• Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental
monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any)
prepared by the executing agency during project implementation

B. Environmental Mitigation

165. Table 22 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse

impacts of the Sub-project. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of
mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
Pre-Construction Phase
Confirmation of no No negative  Conducted Consultation meetings
required resettlement, environmental with barangay officials and
relocations, and impacts concerned POs’ officers and
LGU of WMPCO
compensation members
Damulog PPMO
 Conducted information
awareness campaign regarding
subproject location
Identification and Lack of information Subproject sites validation with
prioritization of road and/or low following conditions:
section where re- participation of the  ensure that the INREMP
gravelling will be done community, validation process on sub-project
particularly women implementation is being complied
LGU of WMPCO
and marginalized with
Damulog PPMO
sectors  hold consultative meetings with
balanced representation of men
and women and affected persons
on the subproject components
and management plan
Preparation of detailed Minimize negative Work with LGU RI Engineer for the
engineering designs and environmental completion of the proposed
programs of work for the impacts upgraded access road detailed
LGU of WMPCO
subproject designs and to ensure the following
Damulog PPMO
measures are included:
 identification of spill management
prevention and emergency

47
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
response plans for all
construction sites;
 locate aggregate borrow pits and
rock supply areas away from
human settlements with fencing
and access barriers;
 for local residents: include
specific plan to notify and provide
them schedule to minimize
disruption to normal commercial
and residential activities
Recruitment of workers Gender  Hire local workers as much as LGU of
discrimination and possible, and give equal privilege Damulog
tendency to recruit for women to get involved in Contractor /
outsiders selected tasks appropriate for WMPCO
them PPMO
Construction Phase
Construction materials Pollution, injury,  All borrow pits and quarries Contractor LGU of Part of the
acquisition, transport interrupted usual should be approved by Municipal Damulog contractor’
access, and storage road use, disrupted Engineering Division. / s contract
system access, noise  Select pits and quarries in areas WMPCO
with low gradient and as close as PPMO
possible to construction the sites.
 Required aggregate volumes
must be carefully calculated prior
to extraction to prevent wastage.
 Pits and quarries should not be
located near surface waters,
forested areas, critical habitat for
wildlife, or cultural objects and
landmarks.
 If aggregate quarrying from fluvial
environments is required small
streams and rivers should be
used, and dry alluvial plains
preferred.
 All topsoil and overburden
removed should be stockpiled for
later restoration.
 All borrow pits and quarries
should have a fence perimeter
with signage to keep public away.
 After use pits and quarries should
be dewatered and permanent
fences installed with signage to
keep public out, and restored as
much as possible using original
overburden and topsoil.
 Unstable slope conditions
in/adjacent to the quarry or pit
caused by the extractions should
be rectified with tree planting.
 Define and schedule how
materials are extracted from
borrow pits and rock quarries,
transported, and handled &
stored at sites.
 Define and schedule how
fabricated materials such as
steel, wood structures, and
scaffolding will be transported
and handled.
 All aggregate loads on trucks
should be covered.
Clearing and removal of Damage landscape  Restrict vegetation removal to Contractor LGU of Part of the
obstructions within RoWs. Damulog contractor’
 In case, no trees will be removed / s contract
without prior approval of WMPCO
concerned government agency. PPMO

48
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
 The contractor will not use or
permit the use of wood as a fuel
for the execution of any part of
the works, including but not
limited to the extent practicable
shall ensure that fuels other than
wood are used for cooking.
 Within RoWs, minimize land
cover removals, and install
protective physical barriers
around trees.
 All RoWs to be re-vegetated and
landscaped after construction
completed.
 Consult PENRO/CENRO to
determine the most successful
restoration strategy and
techniques.
Soil erosion High suspended  Berms, and plastic sheet Contractor LGU of Part of the
solid contents of fencing should be placed Damulog contractor’
river, around all excavations and / s contract
sedimentation. earthwork areas. WMPCO
 Earthworks should be PPMO
conducted during dry periods.
 Maintain a stockpile of topsoil
for immediate site restoration
following backfilling.
 Protect exposed or cut slopes
with planted vegetation and
have a slope stabilization
protocol ready.
 Re-vegetate all soil exposure
areas immediately after work is
completed.
 minimize damage and cutting of
surrounding vegetation during
slope formation,
 prevent erosion and protect the
cut slope with temporary
drainage as soon as practicable
after cutting, and
 If new erosion occurs
accidentally, back fill immediately
to restore original contours.
Ground surface leveling Degradation of  All construction sites should be Contractor LGU of Part of the
and gravelling of terrestrial and located away from forested or Damulog contractor’
existing road aquatic resources, plantation areas as much as / s contract
and decreased possible. WMPCO
water quality  All construction fluids such as PPMO
oils, and fuels should be stored
and handled away from forested
and plantation areas.
 No waste of any kind is to be
discarded on land or in
forests/plantations.
 Erosion channels must be built
around aggregate stockpile areas
to contain rain-induced erosion.
 Earthworks should be conducted
during dry periods.
 All construction fluids such as
oils, and fuels should be stored
and handled with extra care away
from surface waters.
 No waste of any kind is to be
thrown in surface waters.
 No washing or repair of
machinery near surface waters.

49
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
 Pit latrines to be located away
from surface waters.
 No unnecessary earthworks in or
adjacent to water courses.
 No aggregate mining from rivers
or lakes.
 Minimize the use of heavy
equipment at steep slopes.
Civil works (Concrete Air pollution, land  Piles of aggregates at sites Contractor LGU of Part of the
Pavement) and water should be used/or removed Damulog contractor’
contamination, and promptly, or covered and placed / s contract
traffic & access in non-traffic areas WMPCO
problems,  All spills should be cleaned PPMO
immediately and handled as per
hazardous waste management
plan, and according to
government regulations.
Implementation of noise Noise, Dust, Air  Regularly apply wetting agents to Contractor LGU of Part of the
and dust control Pollution exposed soil and construction Damulog contractor’
measure roads. / s contract
 Cover or keep moist all stockpiles WMPCO
of construction aggregates, and PPMO
all truck loads of aggregates.
 Minimize the time for excavations
and exposed soil are left open or
exposed. Backfill immediately
after work is completed.
 As much as possible, restrict
working time between 07:00 and
17:00.
 Maintain equipment in proper
working condition
 Replace unnecessarily noisy
vehicles and machinery.
 Vehicles and machinery to be
turned off when not in use.
 Construct temporary noise
barriers around excessively noisy
activity areas where possible.
Dust and noise from Noise, Dust  Ensure provision of noise control Contractor LGU of Part of the
borrow pits measures to comply with national Damulog contractor’
standards. / s contract
 Watering of the earth roads close WMPCO
to the settlements, use covered PPMO
truck.
 Secure appropriate
environmental permits.
 The borrow and material dumping
sites must be access controlled to
keep away unauthorized entry of
people, grazing cattle and any
other stray animals.
 Protective gear like ear plugs will
be provided to operating
personnel if they are exposed to
noise levels beyond threshold
limits.
Implementation of spoil Contamination of  Uncontaminated spoil to be Contractor LGU of Part of the
management and land and surface disposed of in municipal or Damulog contractor’
control measure waters from provincial designated sites, which / s contract
excavated spoil, must never be in or adjacent WMPCO
and construction surface waters. Designated sites PPMO
waste must be clearly marked and
identified.
 Spoil must not be disposed of on
sloped land, near cultural
property or values, ecologically
important areas, or on/near any

50
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
other socially or ecologically
sensitive feature.
 Where possible spoil should be
used at other construction sites,
or disposed in spent quarries or
borrow pits.
 A record of type, estimated
volume, and source of disposed
spoil must be recorded.
 Contaminated spoil disposal must
follow government regulations
including handling, transport,
treatment (if necessary), and
disposal.
 Suspected contaminated soil
must be tested, and disposed of
in designated sites identified as
per government regulations.
 Before treatment or disposal
contaminated spoil must be
covered with plastic and isolated
from all human activity.
Solid and liquid Contamination of  Management of general solid and Contractor LGU of Part of the
construction waste land and surface liquid waste of construction will Damulog contractor’
management system waters from follow government regulations to / s contract
construction waste include covering, collecting, WMPCO
handling, transporting, recycling, PPMO
and disposing waste created from
construction activities and the
work force.
 Construction sites should have
large garbage bins.
 A schedule of solid and liquid
waste pickup and disposal must
be established and followed that
ensures construction sites are as
clean as possible.
 Solid waste should be separated
and recyclables be sold to buyers
in the community.
 There will be no site-specific
landfills established by the
contractors. All solid waste will be
collected and removed from the
work camps and disposed in local
waste disposal sites.

Hazardous Waste
 Collection, storage, transport, and
disposal of hazardous waste such
as used oils, gasoline, paint, and
other toxics must follow
government regulations.
 Wastes should be separated
(e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries,
paints, organic solvents)
 Wastes must be stored above
ground in closed, well labeled,
ventilated plastic bins in good
condition, away from construction
activity areas, all surface water,
water supplies, and cultural and
ecological sensitive receptors.
 All spills must be cleaned up
completely with all contaminated
soil removed and handled with by
contaminated spoil sub-plan.

51
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
Construction drainage Loss of drainage  Provide adequate short-term Contractor LGU of Part of the
system and rain water drainage away from construction Damulog contractor’
natural channels sites to prevent ponding and / s contract
flooding. WMPCO
 Prevent borrow pits and quarries PPMO
to be filled with water. Pump
periodically to infiltration areas or
nearby water courses.
 Install temporary storm drains or
ditches for construction sites
 Ensure connections among
surface waters (ponds, streams)
are maintained or enhanced to
sustain existing storm water
storage capacity.
 Protect surface waters from silt
and eroded soil.
Workers health, safety Worker injuries,  The contractor shall Contractor LGU of Part of the
and hygiene accidents, water- recruit/designate an Damulog contractor’
borne diseases, environmental health and safety / s contract
and health impact manager to ensure proper WMPCO
due to absence of implementation of environmental PPMO
or insufficient mitigation measures.
provisions on  Proper fencing, protective
sanitation, safety barriers, and buffer zones should
and other be provided around all
amenities construction site.
 Sufficient signage and
information disclosure, and
supervisors and night guards
should be placed at all sites.
 Worker and public safety
guidelines should be followed.
 Provide adequate sanitation and
waste disposal at construction
site.
 The contractor will not hire
children and pregnant women.
 Standing water suitable for
disease vector breeding should
be filled in.
 Worker education and awareness
seminars for construction hazards
should be given at the beginning
of the construction phase. A
construction site safety program
should be developed and
distributed to workers.
 Appropriate safety clothing and
footwear should be mandatory for
all construction workers.
 Adequate medical services must
be on site or nearby all
construction sites.
 Drinking water must be provided
at all construction sites.
 Sufficient lighting be used during
necessary night work.
 All construction sites should be
examined daily to ensure unsafe
conditions are removed.

Traffic safety and Road accidents Throughout the construction period, Contractor LGU of Part of the
management the contractor will ensure that Damulog contractor’
affected people are provided / s contract
adequate and safe access to WMPCO
properties (structures, land, etc.). All PPMO
construction vehicles observe speed
limits on the construction sites and to

52
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
provide adequate signage, barriers,
and flag persons for traffic control.
Sign postings such as ‘men working’,
‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’,
and ‘speed limit’, should be used for
traffic management and road safety.
As much as possible, road works will
be confined to one half of the road
width at each section to provide
access to pedestrian and vehicles
during construction works.
Ecological environment Minor vegetation  Construction vehicles will operate Contractor LGU of Part of the
(Flora and Fauna) loss within the corridor of impact to Damulog contractor’
avoid damaging soil and / s contract
vegetation. WMPCO
 Avoid soil compaction around PPMO
trees. Generally the rule will be to
avoid driving heavy equipment or
trucks anywhere into the 'drip-
line' of a tree.
 In case, no trees will be removed
without prior approval of
concerned government agency.
 The contractor will not use or
permit the use of wood as a fuel
for the execution of any part of
the works.
 No work camps will be located in
ecologically sensitive sites such
as protected and conservation
areas, or densely vegetated site.
 Workers shall be prohibited from
hunting/trapping wildlife.

Damaged to properties Land  The contractor will immediately Contractor  SPMU Part of the
repair and/or compensate for any  PPMO Contractor’
damage that it causes to s contract
properties (houses, farmlands,
aquaculture ponds, irrigation
canals, and others), community
facilities such as water supply,
power supply, communication
facilities and the like. Access
roads used for transport of
construction materials and other
construction-related activities will
be maintained by the Contractor
in at least in their pre-project
condition for the duration of
construction.
Concrete washout Soil and water  The Contractor shall 1) collect Contractor  SPMU Part of the
contamination and retain all the concrete  PPMO Contractor’
washout water and solids in leak s contract
proof containers, so that this does
not reach the soil surface and
then migrate to surface waters or
into the ground water, 2) recycle
the collected concrete washout
water and solids, and/or 3) use of
a washout pit made with a plastic
lining that can be dug into the
ground or built above grade.
Use of Hazardous People, land and  Vehicle maintenance and Contractor  SPMU Part of the
Substances water refueling will be confined to areas  PPMO Contractor’
in construction sites designed  s contract
(with concrete flooring, drainage
leading to oil and water
separator, etc.) to contain spilled
lubricants and fuels. Spill waste

53
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
will be disposed to sites approved
by the concerned government
agency and following national
regulations. Adequate precaution
will be taken to prevent
oil/lubricant/ hazardous
substances contamination of
channel beds. Spillage if any will
be immediately cleared with
utmost caution to leave no traces.
All areas intended for storage of
hazardous materials will be
quarantined and provided with
adequate facilities to combat
emergency situations such as
fire, spills, etc. in compliance with
all the applicable statutory
stipulation. The personnel in-
charge of these sites will be
properly trained and these areas
will be access controlled and
entry will be allowed only under
authorization. Hazardous wastes
will be collected, stored,
transported and disposed
consistent with national
regulations to ensure that these
will not cause pollution of
surrounding areas.
Public safety People  installation of sturdy fencing Contractor  SPMU Part of the
around excavation areas and  PPMO Contractor’
construction sites,  s contract
 provision of proper signage and
lighting at night at the periphery
of the construction site to warn
and direct traffic and pedestrians,
 deployment of security personnel
in hazardous areas to restrict
public access,
 imposition of speed limits for
construction vehicles along
residential areas and where there
are other sensitive receptors, and
 orientation of drivers on safe
driving practices to minimize
accidents and to prevent spill of
hazardous substances and other
construction materials during
transport.
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

54
 Table 22: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost
Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates
Impacts Implementation Monitor
Operation of upgraded Increased risk of  Set speed limit when passing LGU of WMPCO Part of the
access road accident or injury, through populated area Damulog PPMO proponents
air pollution and  Provide appropriate warning signs DENR obligation
noise. and lighting
 Regular removal of debris, logs
Obstruction of run- and other materials along
off along drainage drainage canals to avoid clogging
canals causing run-  Regular vegetation control along
off overflow leading run-off area to ensure free flow
to erosion of the  Ensure that existing
road environmental management
policies are effectively
Exploitation of implemented and proper
natural resources coordination involves different
in the area agencies.
 Adherence to land use and zoning
Unplanned regulations
urbanization  Promote tourism in the area
through advertisement from the
Increased delivery local and nationwide venue.
of agricultural
products

Tourism

C. Environmental Monitoring

166. Table 23 presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during

various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of
implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the
community at the barangay level, and SSE. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in
preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the
proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports
shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as
corrective actions, if any.

167. The ESS during project implementation will be required organize a community level
environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall
undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them
to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be
allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU
together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to
undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:

COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM

Sub-project Name:
Location:
Reporting Period:
Impact/ Mitigation Measures Compliance Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non-
Attained (Yes, No, Compliance
or Partial)
1

55
3

n
Recommendation/s:

Signature: Date:

Table 23: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Activities Location Means of Frequency of Responsible Monitoring

Monitoring Monitoring Unit Cost
Pre-
Construction
Completion of Final location Review of the SPD Prior to issuance of SPMO, INREMP
the Sub-Project of the NOL WMPCO, Project Cost
Documents subproject PPCO with
SSS and
ESS, ADB
Completion of Final location Review of detailed Prior to approval of SPMO, INREMP
detailed of the design detailed design WMPCO, Project Cost
engineering subproject documentation PPCO with
design in SSS and
accordance with ESS, ADB
EMP
requirements
Completion of Final location Confirm IEE report Prior to issuance of SPMO, INREMP
social and of the and disclosed to NOL WMPCO, Project Cost
environmental subproject the public PPCO with
safeguards SSS and
ESS, ADB
Establishment Final location Confirm GRM is Prior to start of site SPMO, INREMP

56
 of grievance of the established and works WMPCO, Project Cost
redress subproject disclosed to the PPCO with
mechanism public SSS and ESS
Construction
Implementation As indicated in Site visit, ocular Monthly and as part SPMU, WMPCO, INREMP
of construction IEE EMP Table inspections, of regular project PPMO, NCIP Project Cost
phase 23 for specific interviews with supervision with SSS and
environmental mitigation local residents, ESS
mitigation measures coordination with Random checks and
measures (e.g., concerned to validate complaints
specified in IEE subproject barangay/s
EMP road, borrow
sites,
construction/
workers’
camps, air and
noise, water
contamination
and others)

168. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

 Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring

reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by
ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:

 Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the

project, including physical implementation progress of project activities,
scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring
requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon);
 Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and
requirements;
 Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable;
 Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring
plan/program in the EMP;
 Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or
desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or
minimized, etc.);
 If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action
plan;
 Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities;
 Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures
implemented;
 Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or
recommendations for improvement;
 Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring
experience/trends and stakeholders response;
 Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the
monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required;
 Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

57
  Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the
NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include
the overall environmental performance of the Sub-project.

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion

169. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, covering
about 6.33 km roads and screened them to assess potential impacts. The IEE reveals that no
major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and
normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation
measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the
Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and
negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the civil works bid and contract
specifications of the Project.

170. Rural infrastructures like road, arguably are vital structures needed to spur economic
development in San Isidro, Damulog, Bukidnon with full potentials and opportunities owing to
its varied development zones and natural resources.

171. The Rehabilitation of San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access Road project for one shall
be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-
round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing
economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus
supporting the developing economy of San Isidro, Damulog, Bukidnon cascading benefits to
the entire municipality.

172. Hence, the Project will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative
impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of
the EMP.

B. Recommendation

173. The main goal of the project is to support the NRM activities of POs. However, the end
goal of the sub-project is to provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby
improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and
conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the inhabitants, especially the constituents.

174. The project will have a direct benefit of savings in transportation cost of agricultural
and non - agricultural products, savings of passenger transportation expense and increase
Net Value Added from the agricultural production as more farmlands will be utilized due to
access to market and trade and the corollary increase in agricultural productivity growth,
because of the availability of appropriate technologies to farmers. In addition, indirect will also
be experienced especially people who are near the project site. Some of the indirect benefits
is creation of jobs in the influence areas and improve economic situation of the influence
barangays, good transportation for all women and children in going to public premises like
schools, market and hospitals and increase farm produce and increase number of cultivated
lands near the road.

58
175. The performance indicators that the project will be effective to the influences area are
on socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental specifically reduce transportation cost of
P15.00 per passenger, high agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost and high Non-
Agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost. Whereas, performance indicators that the
project will be effective to the NRM site will be increase production of farmlands, increase
number of hectares cultivated lands and easier access to transport inputs from market to farm

176. The Proposed rehabilitation of the San Isidro Purok 1 to Purok 3 Access Road will
boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation
due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only
for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the
community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and
instead, concentrating their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way,
the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA
guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the
watershed.

59
Appendix 1: Status of the ECC Application of the Municipality of Damulong,
Bukidnon

60
Appendix 2: Minutes of Special Barangay Assembly in San Isidro, Damulong

61
62
63
64
Appendix 3: Barangay Endorsement of the Subproject

65
66
Appendix 4: Minutes of the 12th Regular Session of the Sangguniang Bayan of
Damulog, Bukidnon on April 06, 2016

67
68
69
Appendix 5: Minutes of the Public Consultation held on 26 July 2017 at Session Hall,
Brgy. San Isidro, Damulong, Bukidnon

70
71
72
73
74
75
76
Attendance Sheet

77
Pictorials during Public Consultation

78
Appendix 6: Grievance Intake Form

Name of Project, Subproject and Location

Project (indicate name of project) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its
stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for
clarification and feedback.

Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing
"(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name.

Thank you.

Contact Information

Name Gender □ Male

□ Female
Home Address Age
Phone No.
City/Province Email
Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of
your grievance below:

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How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer):

Date received:

Received __ In person __ mail __ email __ fax __ phone __

through: sms

Name of staff
who received
comment/
complaint
Position of staff:

Type of
Grievance:

Remarks

Signature of
staff

Updates on the case:

Date: Update Updated by (Name, Signature and
Designation)

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