Joshua: Good afternoon everyone welcome to APLD2 PHILIPPINE AIRLINE, this

airline will not explore you to the different Island of the Philippines but instead we
will explore you to the Critical Approaches in writing a critique. So our dear
passengers fasten your seatbelt because we are now about to fly to our lesson, But
before anything else let me introduce myself, I am Joshua Camarillo your hansome
captain for this flight.activity first And now lets discuss first our overview ,
objectives and learning competencies for this afternoon flight.

OVERVIEW
A critique entails more than just pointing out flaws. It involves
completing a thorough investigation of an academic article or book,

followed by the creation of a fair and reasonable evaluation of its strengths

and weaknesses

A. Learning Competency

Passengers will be able to:

• Uses appropriate critical writing a critique such as formalism, feminism, etc.

• Writes an objective/balanced review or critique of a work of art, an event or a
program (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Idf-18)

B. Specific Learning Objectives

The passengers will be able to:

1. Identify the appropriate approaches in writing a critique.

2. distinguish the different approaches from another
3. Appreciate the importance of these approaches in academic writing.
Joshua: at this point our dear passengers we can’t fly without the permission of
the airline so to have a permission we will answer this question
What can you say about the picture? The picture shows a pdf file or anything
that it help in writing a critique.

Joshua: so now that we have the permission everyone fasten your seatbelt, listen
to our flight attendants and enjoy the whole tour as they discuss our lessons

Stephanie: Hello our dear passengers I am Stephanie Neole Gabasa your Flight
attendant for this tour. So now lets dig depper. Critiquing is an important rhetorical
pattern in academic writing since it presents a balanced picture of things.
 Critiques are based not only on personal perspective but should be grounded on
actual observations.
A review or criticism is a thorough examination of an argument to assess what is
said, how well the arguments are conveyed, what assumptions underpin the
argument, what difficulties are neglected, and what conclusions can be taken from
such findings.
Critiques carefully analyze a variety of works. Creative works such as novels, exhibits,
films, images and poetry, research works such as monographs, journal articles,
systematic reviews, theories, media, news reports and feature articles.
Like an essay, a critique also follows a structure:

1. an introduction
2. body ,and
3. conclusion

STEPHANIE: Why do we write a critique? TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION MAY I

CALL ON ONE OF OUR FLIGHT ATTENDANT MS. AILEEN BARBADILLO

AILEEN: Thank you so much Ms. Gabasa The goal of writing a critique is to assess
someone else's work (a book, an essay, a film, a picture, etc.) to help the reader
comprehend it better.
• Because it provides the writer's opinion or appraisal of a text, critical analysis is
subjective writing. Breaking down and studying the elements is what analysis
entails.  A critical paper comprises two parts: critical reading and writing.
Critical thinking is required for critical writing. Your writing will include critical
reading and reflection on written texts. Your ability to use a text to create your own
arguments is based on your critical reading and thinking about it.

AILEEN. How to create a critique? To answer this question may I call on one of
our flight attendant Ms. Breachelle Ann Abellana

BREA: thank you so much aileen so here are the steps on how to make a
critique
1. It is important to have an understanding of the work that will be critiqued
2. Study the work under discussion
3. Make notes on key parts of the work
4. Develop an understanding of the main argument or purpose being expressed in
the work.
 5. How the work relates to a broader issue or context.
Read about the critical approaches

BREA: what are the Different Approaches of a critique? To answer this question
may I Call on ms. Milcliff Abellana

MEL: Thank you so much Ms. Brea. Our dear passengers do you know what are
the different approaches of a critique? If no will listen carefully as I discuss you the
different approaches of a critique.

There are a lot of approaches in criticism but in this module let us just focus on three:

1. Formalism
2. feminism
3. Reader Response

First I will discuss the Formalism

• It uses close reading.
• It does not mind the social context, author and reader’s background and
opinion.
• It gives meaning in a literal way
In formalism our dear passengers, we only look for the following:

1. Imagery
2. Figurative languages
3. The text structure
4. The text style, and
5. The tone of the text

First we have the imagery

Kindly focus your eyes on our monitor
1. Visual Imagery
As she stepped out of the office building, she thought the bright, beaming
sunlight would blind her. Immediately, she began rummaging through her purse
for her Tom Ford shades.
2. Auditory Imagery
She awoke to the chirping of birds and the soft whisper of a breeze as it passed
through the tree outside her window.
3. Olfactory Imagery
The smell of dried fish, swam through my nose.
4. Gustatory Imagery
 Slices of warm bread spread with peach butter
5. Tactile Imagery
The girl ran her hands on a soft satin fabric.

MEL: TO DISCUSS THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE MAY I CALL ON MS. JULIET REYES

JULIET: Thank you so much mel

Figurative Language
Figurative language is a terminology that conveys a message or a point by going
beyond the literal meaning of words.
There are a lot of figurative languages and among these are:

•  figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often

Simile -
introduced by like or as
• Exmaple: Your hair is like a tree. The hair was compared to a tree
• Metaphor -a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally
denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to
suggest a likeness or analogy between them
Example: She sings very well can be rephrased as: She sings like a lark

• Personification - literary technique writers use to add human qualities to non-human

things. It helps the reader relate to and create a picture in their mind when stars
dance or opportunities knock. Explore a few famous examples of personification in
literature. Example: They arranged themselves at the window
and counted the steps of the sun,
• Hyperbole - from a Greek word meaning “excess,” is a figure of speech that uses
extreme exaggeration to make a point or show emphasis. It is the opposite of
understatement.
• Example: I told you many times
• Allusion -is a common literary device that calls something to mind without explicitly
referencing it. You have likely heard allusions in a book, film or everyday life, or even
written some allusion examples yourself without realizing it.
Example: Hamlet by William Shakespeare

In Act 3, Scene 4 of this Shakespearean play, the title character, Hamlet,

describes a portrait of his late father while alluding to three Greco-Roman
gods.
“See what a grade was seated on this brow,
Hyperion’s curls, the front of Jove himself,
An eye like Mars’ to threaten and command 

• Idiom –is a figure of speech, in which an object or circumstance from unrelated context is
referred to covertly or indirectly.
Exmaple: The midterm exam is a piece of cake. Piece of cake means easy

JULIET: next we have the text structure. Kindly refer to our monitor
 Juliet: To discuss the point of view may I call on again ms. Breachelle An Abellana

BREA: Thank you Juliet

POINT OF VIEW
Who is telling the story? Is the novel or this passage written in:

a. first person (I, we, us) or

b. second person (you, your), and
c. third person point of view?
i. Limited ( the story is about he or she , the narrator is outside the story )
Example: Tim was mad at shy. He blamed her. Shay just left without
saying anything. She left a note and left him.
ii. Omniscient (the story is about he or she, the narrator has full access to
the thoughts of all the characters. Example:

Brea: Our dear passengers do know that we have a guide questions in doing a
formalist criticism? To discuss that may I call on ms. Necole Gabasa

Stephanie: Thank you Brea. We have a Guide Questions in doing a formalist

criticism

1. What is the structure or organization of the work? What's the first step? What's
next for it? What happens at the end? What is the plot of the work? What is the
relationship between the plot and the structure?
 2. What is the relationship of each part to the whole text? What's the relationship
between the parts?
3. Who is narrating in the text? How did the narrator reveal that characters in the
story?
4. Who are the main and supporting characters, what do they stand for, and how
do they relate to one another?
5. What is the setting?

6. What kind of language does the author use to describe, narrate, explain, or
otherwise create the world of the literary work? More specifically, what images,
similes, metaphors, symbols appear in the work? What is their function? What
meanings do they convey?

Stephanie: And now we are already on the road ready for landing but first we need
to know what is feminism a kind of approach in critique to discuss that may I call
on Ms. Aileen barbadillo

AILEEN: Thank you ms. Stepahnie

Feminist criticism is concerned with "the ways in which literature (and other
cultural productions) reinforce or undermine the economic, political, social, and
psychological oppression of women" (Tyson 83)

Aileen: we have a guide questions in doing feminist criticism so kindly focus your
eyes on our monitor.
Guide questions in doing Feminist Criticism

1. How is the relationship between men and women portrayed?

2. How are male and female roles defined?
3. What constitutes masculinity and femininity?
4. How do characters embody these traits?
5. Do characters take on traits from opposite genders? How so? How does this
change others’ reactions to them?
6. What does the work reveal about the operations (economically, politically,
socially, or psychologically) of patriarchy?
7. What does the work imply about the possibilities of sisterhood as a mode of
resisting patriarchy?
8. What does the work say about women's creativity?
9. What does the history of the work's reception by the public and by the critics
tell us about the operation of patriarchy?
What role does the work play in terms of women's literary history and literary
tradition?
 Aileen: and now fasten your seatbelt because we are going to discuss the last
approach of critique to be discussed by Juliet Reyes

Juliet: Thank you so much Ms. Aillen. And now our dear passengers we come to an
end of our travel prepare for impact and don’t forget to capture your travel. Our
last approach of critique is
Reader Response

• All reading includes some sort of response- “This is terrific”, “This is a bore.”” I
do not know what is going on here”- probably almost all writing about literature
begins with some such response
• ’ meaning” of a work is not merely something put into the work by the writer;
rather , the “meaning” is an interpretation created or constructed or produced
by the reader as well as the writer.

Guide Questions in doing Reader’s Response Criticism

• Who is the reader? Who is the implied reader?

• What experiences, thoughts, or knowledge does the text evoke?
• What aspects or characters of the text do you identify or misidentify with, and
how does this process of identification affect your response to the text?
• What is the difference between your general reaction to (e.g., like or dislike) and
reader-oriented interpretation of the text?

Joshua: CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL OUR DEAR PASSENGERS HOPE YOU ENJOY

OUR FREE TRAVEL FOR THIS AFTERNOON This is Joshua Camarillo your captain
and thank you for flying APLD2 Philippine Airline, your airline of choice

RECAP NA