Contents

1 2
What Is
Knowledge?
7 Is a Judge of Knowledge
Shipwrecked by the Laughter of
the Gods?
Roger McCann tries to identify some
of the attributes of knowledge.
Scepticism
31 Don’t Be So Sure
Peter Adamson on scepticism in the
history of philosophy.
32 Is Scepticism Ridiculous?

THEORY 12 The Gettier Problem

No Longer A Problem
Michael Philips asks whether anyone
can really believe sceptical arguments.

OF Lukasz Lozanski thinks Edmund

Gettier was truly unjustified.
35 Sceptical Hypotheses
& Transcendental Arguments

KNOWLEDGE
14 Knowledge & Reasons
Joe Cruz gives us an evolutionary
epistemology.
18 Fashion Emergency!
Marianne Janack and Michelle
LaRocque on feminist epistemology.
22 Mathematical Knowledge:
A Dilemma
Rui Vieira wonders if maths is really
necessary.
24 Pluralism: The Many Maps Model
Mary Midgley traces the contours of
knowledge.
Jonathan Barfield takes on the doubters.
38 Ockham, Hume
& Epistemic Wisdom
William Grey submits the supernatural
to a couple of sceptical razors.
41 How I Solved Hume’s Problem
and Why Nobody Will Believe Me
Eugene Earnshaw saves Western
philosophy.
45 G.E. Moore’s Hands
Roger Caldwell is sceptical about
scepticism.

26 Foundations of Analytical
Philosophy
Dan Hutto on post-positivist
philosophy.

4 Philosophy Now: Ultimate Guide to Knowledge

 3 4
Gaining
Knowledge
49 Kant & the Thing in Itself
Ralph Blumenau on why things
may not be what they seem to be.
53 Socratic Humility
Glenn Rawson knows why Socrates
knew nothing.
56 Defending Humanistic Reasoning
Paul Giladi, Alexis Papazoglou
& Giuseppina D’Oro say we need to
recognise that science and the
humanities are asking and answering
different questions.
59 Trusting Testimony
David Fraser looks at what we can
learn from Jennifer Lackey’s words.
61 Kripke, Duchamp
& the Standard Metre
Stuart Greenstreet measures out
the truth.
64 Huxley’s Agnosticism
Van Harvey reflects on reasons
for not believing.
67 Critical Reasoning
Marianne Talbot tells us how to use
the ultimate in transferable skills.
Scientific
Knowledge
71 Philosophy of Science:
The First 2½ Millennia
Will Bouwman asks what really
matters when studying matter.
76 Interview with John Dupré
Edit Talpsepp discusses
the philosophy of biology.
79 Philosophy of Scientific
Revolutions
Anastasios Economou describes how
Thomas Kuhn changed the way we
think about science.
81 Einstein vs Logical Positivism
Rossen Vassilev Jr. argues that
modern physics has become too
metaphysical.
84 Are There ‘Other’ Ways
of Knowing?
Massimo Pigliucci looks outside the
laboratory.
85 Foucault’s Elephant
Thomas Morrison wonders if
knowledge really is power.
89 Is Science an Idealogy?
Mike Fuller on science, philosophy
and truth.
Philosophy Now: Ultimate Guide to Knowledge 5
5
The Value
of Knowledge
93 Can the World Learn Wisdom?
Nicholas Maxwell reveals the
errors of the Enlightenment.
98 Bertrand Russell on the Value
of Philosophy
John R. Lenz considers a life of reason.
101 Getting to Know Yourself
Tim B-Gray on transparency and
impending doom.
103 The Benefits of False Beliefs
Sally Latham argues that sometimes
it’s better to be wrong.
107 Chance & Human Error
in Spinoza & Lucretius
Melissa Shew investigates the
influence of doubt and error in our
lives.
112 On ‘Useless’ Knowledge
William Tam takes pleasure in
knowing.