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Thermal Power Plant Advantages And

Disadvantages | What are the Advantages
and Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant?
February 18, 2022 by Prasanna

Thermal Power Plant Advantages And Disadvantages: Modern civilization will not sustain without
electricity so power generation has become very vital and considered as the backbone of industrial
development and urbanization. The use of thermal power to generate electrical power has been an age-old
mechanism that is still contributing to a major part of electrical consumption. The advantages in terms of
location, raw materials, and infrastructure also facilitate the installation of thermal power plants in many
parts of the country.

Thermal power plants use fuels like coal, oil, or liquid natural gas to convert water to steam that drives a
turbine to generate electricity. It can be set up at any location with easy accessibility of fuel and water. The
thermal power plants play a crucial role in the generation and supply of electric power because they can
flexibly respond to the demand pattern of power and implement various ways to get larger output. Thermal
Power plants are the major source of electricity for any country. More than half of the total electricity
demand in our country is met by thermal power plants.

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more Advantages and Disadvantages articles
Disadvantages articles on events, persons, sports,
technology, and many more.

What is a Thermal Power Plant? Advantages and

Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant 2022
The rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization results in more consumption of electricity and thus
creating a huge demand for electrical power. A thermal power plant is an electric power generation station
in which heat energy is converted to electricity. In this process of energy conversion, the fuel is burnt to
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produce a high temperature that converts water into steam in a boiler. High-pressure steam is passed to
RS AGGARWAL
create SOLUTIONS
a force on the ICSE
turbine causing SOLUTIONS
it to SELINA SOLUTIONS
rotate at high speed.

A power generatorSOLUTIONS
ML AGGARWAL is coupled with the
ISCturbine which in turnMATHS
& ICSE PAPERS generates power
CBSE from thisPAPERS
SAMPLE movement. Heat
energy is used to produce electric power so this is called thermal power. However, like all power sources,
thermal energy production also has both advantages and disadvantages associated with it as explained
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below.

AdvantagesICSE
PHYSICS of Thermal
BOOKS Power Plant
Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant
Comparison Table for Advantages and Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant
FAQ’s on Thermal Power Plant Advantages And Disadvantages

Advantages of Thermal Power Plant

Financial Benefits: One of the main advantages of thermal power is the low cost of power generation.
The plants use fossil fuels to generate power which is still abundant and economical. The initial
investment cost for the installation of a thermal power plant is also less as compared to the other
types of power plants. Considering the proximity to urban areas, the transportation and other costs
are minimal. Usually, these plants are placed near the load center thereby reducing the power
distribution cost.
Location Advantage: One of the greatest advantages of thermal plants is that they can be located in
any suitable area without any specific geographical requirements, unlike a hydroelectric project.
Thermal plant locations can be selected considering areas where displacement of people is not
required. The locations of thermal power plants are generally not far from consuming centers, so the
cost-benefit ratio is always better than hydroelectric projects. Thermal power stations generally
develop in plain regions and also do not require much larger areas, thus favoring the scope of
expansion.
Environmental Impact: The installation and construction phase of the thermal power plant causes no
major environmental damage. The thermal power generation process involves using fuels that have
virtually no toxic emissions. For the installation of thermal power plants, not very large areas of land
are required. This is an advantage in terms of protecting forest life which is getting destroyed due to
an increase in the setting up of industrial plants. The construction of thermal power stations also
does not involve much time, thereby reducing chances of air and soil pollution to a large extent.
A reliable source of energy: Thermal energy generation is considered a more reliable source to handle
future power demands. The power plants have the flexibility to respond to various power
requirements and the changing demand pattern. It can adjust the output of power generation as per
the demand. Thermal power provides a stable output and is considered the backbone of grid supply.
The technology for thermal power generation is well established and easily accessible making it a
more reliable source of energy.

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 RS AGGARWAL SOLUTIONS ICSE SOLUTIONS SELINA SOLUTIONS
Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant
MLThe
AGGARWAL
volume SOLUTIONS ISC & Thermal
of water requirement: ICSE PAPERS MATHS
plants require CBSE SAMPLE
a large amount PAPERS
of water to produce steam
that can drive the turbines to produce electricity. The huge requirement of water causes a serious
impact on water sources in rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
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Use of fossil fuels: The fuels used to produce thermal power are exhaustible resources. Thermal
power generation requires the extraction of coal and natural oil from the earth which causes depletion
PHYSICS ICSEfuels.
of these fossil BOOKS The power generation in thermal plants is also dependent on the quality of coal
or natural oil sometimes affecting the optimum level of output.
Air and soil pollution: The operation of power plants, in the long run, causes air pollution due to the
emission of harmful gasses. The occasional release of harmful gasses like sulfur dioxide, carbon
dioxide, and other gasses makes an adverse impact on the environment. Some thermal power plants
are also said to emit a large amount of mercury and generate fly ashes that can contaminate air,
water, and soil in the surroundings. There are chances of pollution created from non-point sources
due to transportation of coal, loading, and unloading of fuels, storage of coal and oil, etc. Water
pollution can be caused by plant effluents, ash handling, demineralization, etc.
High maintenance cost: The cost of maintenance and operation of a thermal power plant is quite
high. The machines and equipment in thermal plants are complicated and require skilled personnel to
handle them efficiently. The occurrence of machine trouble is frequent and maintenance requirement
is more. Lack of modern equipment and qualified personnel to handle operations and maintenance
restricts further expansion of plant capacity and resources. There are additional costs involved for
transportation of raw materials and maintaining large storage space for coal and other fuels.
Low efficiency and life span: The overall efficiency of the thermal power plant is considered low. Many
coal-based thermal power plants use older technologies that lack chances of upgrading. This also
affects the general life span of and efficiency of thermal power plants as compared to hydroelectric
power plants. Environment experts have suggested limiting the operation of coal-based power plants
considering the climate changes due to pollution and the greenhouse effect. The relative financial
security regarding restrictions on fossil fuel extraction may create an additional disadvantage for the
required expansion of thermal power plants.

Comparison Table for Advantages and Disadvantages of Thermal

Power Plant
Advantages Disadvantages

The use of fossil fuels cause depletion of

Cost of power generation is cost-effective
resources

The fuel used is abundant and economical Requirement of huge quantity of water
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The plant can be set up irrespective of any specific Overall low efficiency and life span
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geographical requirement

ML AGGARWAL
Requires SOLUTIONS
less area as compared toISC
the& other
ICSE PAPERS
power plantsMATHSHigh maintenance
CBSE SAMPLEcost
PAPERS

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PHYSICS ICSE BOOKS

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FAQ’s on Thermal Power Plant Advantages And Disadvantages
Question 1.
How is thermal energy converted to electrical energy in thermal power plants?

Answer:
In thermal power plants, heat is used to generate steam from water which under high pressure drives the
turbine attached to the power generator and generates electrical power.

Question 2.
What is the location advantage of installing a thermal power plant in comparison with hydroelectric power
plants?

Answer:
Hydroelectric power plants have specific geographical requirements for set up which is not required for
thermal power plants.

Question 3.
Why are maintenance costs of thermal power plants high?

Answer:
Thermal power plants mostly used old technology and complicated equipment that required frequent
maintenance by skilled personnel making the cost high.

Filed Under: Essay Writing

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